CN114659765A - Method, equipment, storage medium and device for testing constrained mode of gearbox shell - Google Patents
Method, equipment, storage medium and device for testing constrained mode of gearbox shell Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, equipment, a storage medium and a device for testing the constrained mode of a gearbox shell, wherein a preset mode test model is used for carrying out mode analysis on the gearbox shell to determine the constrained mode vibration mode of the shell, sensors are arranged according to sensor arrangement reference points, the constrained mode vibration mode of the shell is divided into grids, the center of each grid is used as a hammering point, the gearbox shell is subjected to simulated hammering test, and simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor are obtained. According to the invention, the shell restraint modal vibration mode is determined by carrying out modal analysis on the gearbox shell through the preset modal test model, and the simulated hammering test is carried out according to the hammering point.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of modal tests, in particular to a transmission shell constrained modal test method, equipment, a storage medium and a device.
Background
At present, the constrained mode tests of other gearboxes at home and abroad are completed by bench tests, static torsion test equipment, detecting instruments and special fixtures are needed, the period is long, the cost is high, the equipment precision and the subjective factors of personnel have great influence on the results, the accuracy of a digital model is not high, the structural characteristics cannot be well pre-estimated, the mode parameters of a shell are identified, and a basis is provided for the vibration characteristic analysis, the vibration fault diagnosis and prediction of a structural system and the optimal design of the shell characteristics.
The above is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, and does not represent an admission that the above is prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method, equipment, a storage medium and a device for testing a transmission case constraint mode, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, through manual intervention mode testing, the accuracy of a digital model is not high, and the structural characteristics cannot be well estimated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a transmission case constraint modal test method, which comprises the following steps:
performing modal analysis on the shell of the transmission according to a preset modal test model to obtain a shell constraint modal vibration mode;
determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the shell constrained mode vibration mode, and arranging sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point;
carrying out mesh division on the shell constraint modal shape, and taking the positive center of each mesh as a hammering point according to a mesh division result;
and carrying out a simulated hammering test on the gearbox shell according to the hammering points, and obtaining simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor.
Optionally, the step of performing modal analysis on the transmission housing according to a preset modal test model to obtain a housing constraint modal shape includes:
acquiring a preset modal shape frequency corresponding to a preset modal test model;
based on the preset modal shape frequency, carrying out modal analysis on the gearbox shell through a least square frequency domain algorithm to obtain an analysis result;
and determining the shell constraint mode shape corresponding to each order mode according to the analysis result and the preset mode parameters.
Optionally, the step of determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the shell constrained mode shape and arranging the sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point includes:
selecting a position point meeting a preset condition from the shell constraint mode shape according to a preset mode shape frequency;
and determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the position point, and arranging the sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point.
Optionally, before the step of performing modal analysis on the transmission housing according to the preset modal test model and obtaining the constrained modal shape of the housing, the method further includes:
acquiring surface node information of a gearbox shell;
and establishing an initial simplified model in preset modal analysis software according to the surface node information, and taking the initial simplified model as a preset modal test model.
Optionally, the step of meshing the shell constrained mode shape and taking the center of each mesh as a hammering point according to a meshing result includes:
performing meshing on the gearbox shell according to the shell constrained modal shape and the preset modal test model to obtain a meshing result;
and taking the positive center position of each grid in the grid division result as a hammering point according to the grid division result.
Optionally, the step of performing a simulated hammering test on the transmission housing according to the hammering point and obtaining simulated hammering test data collected by each sensor includes:
processing the hammering test signals collected by the sensors according to preset signal processing parameters to obtain processed target signals;
and determining target hammering test data from the simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor according to the coherence coefficient corresponding to the target signal.
Optionally, the step of determining target hammer test data from the simulated hammer test data acquired by each sensor according to the coherence coefficient corresponding to the target signal includes:
inputting the target signal into a preset dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system to obtain a pulse excitation signal and an excitation response signal;
superposing a frequency response function corresponding to the pulse excitation signal and a frequency response function corresponding to the excitation response signal to obtain a superposed frequency response function;
and determining target hammering test data from the simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor according to the superposed frequency response function and the coherent coefficient corresponding to the target signal.
In addition, to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a transmission housing constraint modal test apparatus, which includes a memory, a processor and a transmission housing constraint modal test program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the transmission housing constraint modal test program is configured to implement the steps of the transmission housing constraint modal test as described above.
In addition, to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a storage medium having stored thereon a transmission housing constraint modal test program, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the transmission housing constraint modal test method as described above.
In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a transmission case constraint mode test apparatus, including:
the vibration mode determining module is used for carrying out modal analysis on the shell of the transmission according to a preset modal test model and obtaining a shell constraint modal vibration mode;
the sensor arrangement module is used for determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the shell constrained modal shape and arranging sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point;
the hammering testing module is used for carrying out grid division on the shell constrained modal vibration mode and taking the center of each grid as a hammering point according to a grid division result;
and the data acquisition module is used for carrying out a hammering simulation test on the gearbox shell according to the hammering points and acquiring hammering simulation test data acquired by each sensor.
According to the method, the shell of the transmission is subjected to modal analysis according to a preset modal test model, and a shell constraint modal vibration mode is obtained; determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the shell constrained mode vibration mode, and arranging sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point; carrying out mesh division on the shell constrained modal vibration mode, and taking the center of each mesh as a hammering point according to a mesh division result; and carrying out a simulated hammering test on the gearbox shell according to the hammering points, and obtaining simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor. According to the invention, modal analysis is carried out on the gearbox shell through the preset modal test model to obtain the shell constraint modal vibration mode, and the hammering point is determined according to the shell constraint modal vibration mode, so that a simulated hammering test is carried out.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gearbox housing constrained mode test device in a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a transmission housing constrained mode test method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of a transmission housing constrained mode test method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a third embodiment of a transmission housing constrained mode test method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the first embodiment of the test apparatus for constrained mode of transmission housing according to the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission housing constraint modal testing apparatus in a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the transmission housing constrained mode testing apparatus may comprise: a processor 1001, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. Wherein a communication bus 1002 is used to enable connective communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a Display screen (Display), and the optional user interface 1003 may further include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface, and the wired interface for the user interface 1003 may be a USB interface in the present invention. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a Wireless interface (e.g., a Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi) interface). The Memory 1005 may be a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a Non-volatile Memory (NVM), such as a disk Memory. The memory 1005 may alternatively be a storage device separate from the processor 1001.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the configuration shown in FIG. 1 does not constitute a definition of a transmission housing constrained mode test device, and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components in combination, or a different arrangement of components.
As shown in FIG. 1, a memory 1005, identified as a computer storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a transmission housing constraint modal testing program.
In the transmission housing constraint modal test apparatus shown in fig. 1, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for connecting with a background server and performing data communication with the background server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for connecting user equipment; the transmission housing constraint modal test device calls a transmission housing constraint modal test program stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001, and executes the transmission housing constraint modal test method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Based on the hardware structure, the embodiment of the gearbox shell constraint mode test method is provided.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a test method of a transmission housing constraint mode, and the first embodiment of the test method of the transmission housing constraint mode is provided.
In the embodiment, the method for testing the constrained mode of the transmission shell comprises the following steps:
step S10: and carrying out modal analysis on the shell of the transmission according to a preset modal test model to obtain a shell constraint modal vibration mode.
It should be noted that the executing body in this embodiment may be a device including a transmission case constrained mode testing system, such as: the vehicle-mounted computer may also be other devices capable of realizing the same or similar functions, which is not limited in this embodiment, and in this embodiment and the following embodiments, the transmission case constraint mode test method of the present invention is described by taking a transmission case constraint mode test system as an example. The transmission case constraint modal test system can comprise a data acquisition and analysis module, wherein the data acquisition and analysis module is used for the transmission case modal test data acquisition, measurement and analysis system and comprises a data front-end acquisition case and a computer loaded with modal test analysis software, the system data acquisition front end is integrated with the functions of amplification, filtering, digital-to-analog conversion, FFT analysis and the like, at least 12 channels are required, the maximum sampling rate is more than 5kHz, and the maximum analysis bandwidth of each channel is more than 1 kHz. The system analysis software can analyze the time domain, the frequency spectrum, the cross correlation, the frequency response function (transfer function), the correlation function, the cross power spectrum and the like of the signal; the software can output unit excitation source signals (including pure random, pseudo-random, burst random signals and the like), all window functions of the software comprise a force window function (a force signal for input excitation) and an exponential window function (a force response signal for output acceleration), and the obtained frequency response function can be subjected to linear average processing.
It should be understood that the preset modal test model may refer to a preset model for performing modal test on the transmission housing, the modal analysis may refer to solving the characteristic values to obtain characteristic values and characteristic vectors, so as to determine corresponding modal frequencies and modal vectors of various orders, the housing constraint modal shape may refer to a modal vector corresponding to the transmission housing, and the modal shape may refer to a function of a structure node or a measuring point.
In concrete implementation, the transmission shell constraint mode test system can perform mode analysis on the transmission shell according to a preset mode test model, and obtains a constraint mode vibration mode corresponding to the transmission shell.
Step S20: and determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the shell constrained mode shape, and arranging the sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point.
It should be noted that the sensor arrangement reference point may be set at the modal node position by selecting a position where the shell constrains the modal shape to be larger as the reference point.
It should be understood that the sensors may refer to acceleration sensors that may be positioned at the main case upper plane, the main case side plane, and the main case bottom plane corresponding to the transmission case according to the mode shape, and in the test model, the sensors may be arranged according to the main case upper plane, the main case side plane, and the main case bottom plane in the model.
In specific implementation, the gearbox shell constraint modal test system can determine a sensor arrangement reference point through a shell constraint modal vibration mode, and arrange the sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point.
Step S30: and carrying out mesh division on the shell constraint modal shape, and taking the center of each mesh as a hammering point according to a mesh division result.
It should be noted that, in order to facilitate knocking when the selected points are tested, the test needs to acquire the modal shape, all the points will finally form a grid capable of approximately testing the corresponding shape, on a larger plane, the points can be arranged as densely as possible in order to accurately reflect the modal shape, at the transition position of the shape, the gearbox housing can be divided into a plurality of grids by keeping the number of the points consistent, and the hammering point is the center of each grid.
Step S40: and carrying out a simulated hammering test on the gearbox shell according to the hammering points, and obtaining simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor.
It should be noted that the hammering point can be a point which uses the same force to hammer the measured piece when the force hammer is used for hammering the measured piece, and the simulated hammering test data can be data collected by each sensor when the force hammer is used for hammering the gearbox shell.
In the concrete realization, the power hammer test system can be by tup, hammer cap and force transducer constitute, and when the power hammer hammering was surveyed the piece, the structure will bear a pulse force that is equivalent to half sine wave. To obtain different pulse widths, the tabs can be made of different materials, the harder the material, the wider the pulse spectrum. And (3) forcibly hammering the vibration excitation point measuring points to observe whether the waveforms exist, and if one or two channels do not have the waveforms, checking whether the instrument is connected correctly, whether a lead is connected, whether the sensor and the instrument work normally, and the like until the oscillography waveforms appear. The range of the test range is set to ensure a more accurate test result. During the period, multiple hammering can be carried out, and the magnitude of the applied force is kept basically consistent as much as possible, so that the system is ensured to determine a proper measuring range.
According to the method, the shell constraint modal shape is obtained by performing modal analysis on the gearbox shell according to the preset modal test model, the sensor arrangement reference point is determined according to the shell constraint modal shape, and the sensors are arranged according to the sensor arrangement reference point. And carrying out meshing on the shell restraint modal vibration mode, taking the center of each mesh as a hammering point according to a meshing result, carrying out simulated hammering test on the shell of the transmission according to the hammering point, and obtaining simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor. Because this embodiment carries out modal analysis to the gearbox casing through predetermineeing the mode test model, obtain casing restraint mode vibration type, and confirm the hammering point according to casing restraint mode vibration type, thereby simulate the hammering test, this embodiment passes through manual intervention mode test for prior art, lead to the digital model accuracy not high, can not predict to structural feature well, this embodiment has realized predicting gearbox casing structural feature, the modal parameter of discernment casing, promote the digital model accuracy, and then improve the experimental data accuracy.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of a test method of a transmission housing constraint mode of the invention, which is based on the first embodiment shown in fig. 2.
In this embodiment, the step S10 includes:
step S101: and acquiring a preset modal shape frequency corresponding to the preset modal test model.
It should be noted that the preset modal shape frequency may refer to a natural frequency corresponding to each order of the modal shape corresponding to the preset modal test model.
It can be understood that the mode shapes of different orders correspond to different frequencies, for example: the natural frequency corresponding to the first-order vibration mode is 134Hz, and the main vibration mode is the deformation of the upper surface of the main box of the gearbox in the Y direction; the natural frequency corresponding to the second-order vibration mode is 225Hz, the main vibration modes are the deformation of the upper surface of the gearbox in the Y direction, the deformation of the side surface of the gearbox in the X direction and the deformation of the rear auxiliary box; the inherent frequency corresponding to the three-order vibration mode is 244Hz, the main vibration mode is the deformation of the front auxiliary box and the torsional deformation of the main box and the rear auxiliary box; the natural frequency corresponding to the four-order vibration mode is 291Hz, and the main vibration mode is bending and torsional deformation of the main box and the rear auxiliary box; the natural frequency corresponding to the five-order vibration mode is 390Hz, the main vibration mode is the deformation of the upper surface of the main box in the Y direction, and the deformation of the side surface in the X direction; the natural frequency corresponding to the six-order mode is 452Hz, and the main mode is the integral deformation of the main box and the deformation of the rear auxiliary box. The modal shape deformation process of the front 6 th step of the transmission housing is not limited in this embodiment.
Step S102: and carrying out modal analysis on the gearbox shell through a least square frequency domain algorithm based on the preset modal shape frequency to obtain an analysis result.
It should be noted that after the mode shape frequency is selected, the mode shape and the structural damping of the selected mode can be calculated by a least square frequency domain algorithm. The analysis result may include structural damping of each order of mode shape corresponding to the preset modal mode shape frequency.
It will be appreciated that structural damping may refer to the loss of energy from the housing when subjected to a hammer test at variable speeds.
In the specific implementation, based on the preset modal shape frequency, modal analysis is performed on the gearbox shell through a least square frequency domain algorithm, and an analysis result is obtained.
Step S103: and determining the shell constraint mode shape corresponding to each order mode according to the analysis result and the preset mode parameters.
It should be noted that the preset modal parameters may refer to parameters such as modal natural frequency, damping ratio, and mode type of each order corresponding to the preset modal test model, and the preset modal parameters may refer to preset parameters.
It can be understood that, in order to improve the identification accuracy, the shell-constrained mode shape corresponding to each order mode can be determined by the mode shape, the structural damping and the preset natural frequency, damping ratio and mode shape type in the preset mode parameters corresponding to the analysis result.
In this embodiment, the step S20 includes:
step S201: and selecting a position point meeting a preset condition from the shell constraint mode shape according to a preset mode shape frequency.
It should be noted that the preset condition may refer to a measuring point convenient for hammering.
It will be appreciated that the arrangement of the measurement points is as dense as possible in order to accurately reflect the mode shape. The number of the measuring points at the topography transition should be kept consistent, that is, the selected position points should be kept dense and consistent in number.
In the concrete implementation, the hammering point is convenient to knock during testing, the modal shape is required to be obtained during testing, the position point which is slowly removed from the preset condition is selected according to the modal shape, and the finally formed grid can approximate the appearance of the tested object.
Step S202: and determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the position point, and arranging the sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point.
It should be noted that, in order to improve accurate data acquisition, the sensors may be arranged through the selected position points, so as to ensure accuracy of the data.
Further, before the step S10, the method further includes: acquiring surface node information of a gearbox shell; and establishing an initial simplified model in preset modal analysis software according to the surface node information, and taking the initial simplified model as a preset modal test model.
It should be noted that the surface node information may refer to a surface node of the gearbox casing to be tested, that is, may refer to an intersection point corresponding to a grid to be divided, where the node may refer to a plurality of nodes.
It is understood that the preset modality analysis software may refer to pre-set DHMAS modality analysis software. The initial simplified model may refer to an initial model of the transmission housing prior to the mode deformation.
It should be understood that the initial simplified model may be a deformed model or a deformed model.
In specific implementation, before modal testing, nodes can be arranged on the surface of the box body corresponding to the gearbox shell, and a simplified model is established in DHMAS modal analysis software according to arrangement information of the nodes.
In this embodiment, the step S30 includes:
step S301: and carrying out meshing on the gearbox shell according to the shell constrained modal vibration mode and the preset modal test model to obtain a meshing result.
It should be noted that the mesh division may be performed according to the mesh corresponding to the surface node, and the set after the mesh division may approximate the appearance of the test object.
It can be understood that the meshing result may refer to a result obtained after the modal test model corresponding to the transmission is divided through the case surface nodes.
Step S302: and taking the positive center position of each grid in the grid division result as a hammering point.
Note that the hammer point may be a test point which is hit with a force during the mode test.
In the specific implementation, the selected test points are convenient to knock during testing, the modal shape is required to be obtained during testing, the grid finally formed by all the test points can be used for testing the appearance of an object, the test points are arranged densely as much as possible on a larger plane in order to accurately reflect the modal shape, the number of the test points is kept consistent at the appearance transition position, a plurality of grids are divided from the gearbox shell through a preset modal test model, and the knocking point is the center of each grid.
In the embodiment, a preset modal shape frequency corresponding to a preset modal test model is obtained, based on the preset modal shape frequency, modal analysis is performed on a gearbox shell through a least square frequency domain algorithm to obtain an analysis result, shell constraint modal shapes corresponding to various orders of modes are determined according to the analysis result and preset modal parameters, a position point meeting a preset condition is selected from the shell constraint modal shapes according to the preset modal shape frequency, a sensor arrangement reference point is determined according to the position point, sensors are arranged according to the sensor arrangement reference point, the gearbox shell is subjected to grid division according to the shell constraint modal shapes and the preset modal test model to obtain a grid division result, the center position of each grid in the grid division result is taken as a hammering point according to the grid division result, and the gearbox shell is subjected to simulated hammering test according to the hammering point, and obtaining the simulated hammering test data collected by each sensor. Because this embodiment carries out modal analysis to the gearbox casing through predetermineeing the modal test model, obtain casing restraint modal shape of vibration, and confirm the hammering point according to casing restraint modal shape of vibration, thereby simulate the hammering test, this embodiment passes through manual intervention modal test for prior art, lead to the digital model accuracy not high, can not predict to structural feature well, this embodiment has realized predicting gearbox casing structural feature, the modal parameter of discernment casing promotes the digital model accuracy, and then improve the experimental data accuracy.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a third embodiment of the test method for the constrained mode of the transmission housing according to the present invention, which is based on the first embodiment shown in fig. 2.
In this embodiment, the step S40 includes:
step S401: and processing the hammering test signals acquired by the sensors according to preset signal processing parameters to obtain processed target signals.
It should be noted that the preset signal processing parameters may include preset trigger levels, preset bandwidths, preset windowing parameters, and the like, the preset trigger levels may be determined according to the hammering force, the preset bandwidths may be determined by preset values in the hammering oscillography step in the hammering experiment process, and the preset windowing may refer to processing for fast attenuating a signal, and in a sampling time, the signal is completely attenuated, i.e., the windowing setting may not be used.
It can be understood that the target signal may be a signal generated after processing the signal collected by the sensor by a preset trigger level, a preset bandwidth, a preset windowing, and the like.
In the concrete realization, when carrying out the hammering test, thereby can guarantee to acquire effective signal through setting up signal processing parameter in advance, avoid reducing the interference of other invalid signals, can handle the hammering test signal that each sensor gathered through predetermineeing trigger level, predetermineeing the bandwidth and predetermineeing the windowing promptly to obtain the target signal after handling.
Step S402: and determining target hammering test data from hammering test data acquired by each sensor according to the coherence coefficient corresponding to the target signal.
It should be noted that the coherence coefficient may refer to a coefficient corresponding to constructive interference or destructive interference caused by a difference in phase when waves corresponding to the target signal interfere with each other.
Understandably, in order to reduce the test data with poor quality, the test data with non-ideal coherence coefficient and poor hammering quality can be eliminated by determining the coherence between target signals.
In the concrete implementation, the coherence coefficient (except for the node or the anti-node) is ensured to be more than 0.8, the signal which meets the requirement is immediately processed by the transfer function, the accuracy of test data can be improved, and repeated tests after the data are not qualified are avoided.
Further, the step S402 includes: inputting the target signal into a preset dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system to obtain a pulse excitation signal and an excitation response signal; superposing a frequency response function corresponding to the pulse excitation signal and a frequency response function corresponding to the excitation response signal to obtain a superposed frequency response function; and determining target hammering test data from hammering test data acquired by each sensor according to the frequency response function after superposition and the coherence coefficient corresponding to the target signal.
It should be noted that the preset dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system may refer to a preset system for acquiring and analyzing a test signal, and the dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system may refer to a DH5935N dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Understandably, when the force hammer is excited, a test signal is input into a DH5935CN dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system, and Fourier transformation is respectively carried out on a pulse excitation signal and an excitation response signal to obtain a frequency response function between an excitation point and a response point.
It should be understood that the frequency response function can be used to characterize the steady state output versus input of the test system for a given frequency, i.e., it can refer to the ratio of the output to the input amplitude versus the input frequency, and the output to the input phase difference versus the input frequency.
In the specific implementation, in the test process, the gearbox vibration modal test analysis gearbox under variable-increase different constraint conditions is respectively installed in an elastic supporting mode and a suspension mode, the suspension mode needs to be noticed that connection points are located at or close to modal nodes as many as possible, modal tests are respectively carried out on the gearbox installed in the elastic supporting mode and the transmission installed in the suspension mode, the installation position of a sensor is determined, a force hammer is used for exciting a test point, a test signal acquired by the sensor is input into a DH5935N dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system, Fourier changes are respectively carried out on a pulse excitation signal and an excitation response signal, a frequency response function between an excitation point and a response point is obtained through calculation, all frequency response functions are superposed, and according to the coherence coefficient between the superposed frequency response function and the test signal, the non-ideal coherence coefficient is removed, The test data is hammered with no added mass to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the excitation signal.
According to the method, the shell constraint modal vibration mode is obtained by performing modal analysis on the gearbox shell according to a preset modal test model; and determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the shell constraint modal shape, arranging sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point, carrying out grid division on the shell constraint modal shape, and taking the positive center of each grid as a hammering point according to a grid division result. Processing the hammering test signals collected by the sensors according to preset signal processing parameters to obtain processed target signals; according to the method, target hammering test data are determined from simulated hammering test data collected by each sensor according to the coherence coefficient corresponding to a target signal, because the embodiment carries out modal analysis on a gearbox shell through a preset modal test model, a shell constraint modal vibration mode is obtained, a hammering point is determined according to the shell constraint modal vibration mode, a simulated hammering test is carried out, and the target hammering test data are determined according to the coherence coefficient corresponding to a hammering test signal.
In addition, to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a storage medium having stored thereon a transmission housing constraint modal test program, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the transmission housing constraint modal test method as described above.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a structural block diagram of a first embodiment of a test device for a constrained mode of a transmission housing according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the transmission housing constraint mode testing device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
the vibration mode determining module 10 is used for carrying out modal analysis on the gearbox shell according to a preset modal test model to obtain a shell constraint modal vibration mode;
the sensor arrangement module 20 is used for determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the shell constraint modal shape and arranging sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point;
the hammering testing module 30 is used for carrying out grid division on the shell constrained modal vibration mode and taking the positive center of each grid as a hammering point according to a grid division result;
and the data acquisition module 40 is used for carrying out a simulated hammering test on the gearbox shell according to the hammering points and acquiring simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor.
According to the method, the shell constraint modal shape is obtained by performing modal analysis on the gearbox shell according to the preset modal test model, the sensor arrangement reference point is determined according to the shell constraint modal shape, and the sensors are arranged according to the sensor arrangement reference point. And carrying out meshing on the shell restraint modal vibration mode, taking the center of each mesh as a hammering point according to a meshing result, carrying out simulated hammering test on the shell of the gearbox according to the hammering point, and obtaining simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor. Because this embodiment carries out modal analysis to the gearbox casing through predetermineeing the modal test model, obtain casing restraint modal shape of vibration, and confirm the hammering point according to casing restraint modal shape of vibration, thereby simulate the hammering test, this embodiment passes through manual intervention modal test for prior art, lead to the digital model accuracy not high, can not predict to structural feature well, this embodiment has realized predicting gearbox casing structural feature, the modal parameter of discernment casing promotes the digital model accuracy, and then improve the experimental data accuracy.
Further, the mode shape determining module 10 is further configured to obtain a preset mode shape frequency corresponding to the preset mode test model; based on the preset modal shape frequency, carrying out modal analysis on the gearbox shell through a least square frequency domain algorithm to obtain an analysis result; and determining the shell constraint mode shape corresponding to each order mode according to the analysis result and the preset mode parameters.
Further, the sensor arrangement module 20 is further configured to select a position point meeting a preset condition from the shell constrained mode shape according to a preset mode shape frequency; and determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the position point, and arranging the sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point.
Further, the transmission housing constraint mode test device further comprises: the model construction module is used for acquiring surface node information of the gearbox shell; and establishing an initial simplified model in preset modal analysis software according to the surface node information, and taking the initial simplified model as a preset modal test model.
Further, the hammering testing module 30 is further configured to perform mesh division on the gearbox housing according to the housing constrained modal shape and the preset modal testing model to obtain a mesh division result; and taking the positive center position of each grid in the grid division result as a hammering point according to the grid division result.
Further, the data acquisition module 40 is further configured to process the hammering test signal acquired by each sensor according to preset signal processing parameters to obtain a processed target signal; and determining target hammering test data from the simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor according to the coherent coefficient corresponding to the target signal.
Further, the data obtaining module 40 is further configured to input the target signal to a preset dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system, so as to obtain a pulse excitation signal and an excitation response signal; superposing a frequency response function corresponding to the pulse excitation signal and a frequency response function corresponding to the excitation response signal to obtain a superposed frequency response function; and determining target hammering test data from the simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor according to the superposed frequency response function and the coherent coefficient corresponding to the target signal.
It should be understood that the above is only an example, and the technical solution of the present invention is not limited in any way, and in a specific application, a person skilled in the art may set the technical solution as needed, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned work flows are only illustrative and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and in practical applications, those skilled in the art may select some or all of them according to actual needs to implement the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment, and the present invention is not limited herein.
In addition, the technical details that are not elaborated in this embodiment may be referred to a transmission housing constraint mode test method provided by any embodiment of the present invention, and are not described herein again.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or system that comprises the element.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering and these words may be interpreted as names.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the method of the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention or portions thereof that contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product, where the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (e.g., a Read Only Memory (ROM)/Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, an optical disk), and includes several instructions for enabling a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for testing the constrained mode of a gearbox shell is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
performing modal analysis on the shell of the transmission according to a preset modal test model to obtain a shell constraint modal vibration mode;
determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the shell constrained mode vibration mode, and arranging sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point;
carrying out mesh division on the shell constraint modal shape, and taking the positive center of each mesh as a hammering point according to a mesh division result;
and carrying out a simulated hammering test on the gearbox shell according to the hammering point, and obtaining simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor.
2. The transmission housing constrained modal testing method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the housing constrained modal shape by performing modal analysis on the transmission housing according to a preset modal test model comprises:
acquiring a preset modal shape frequency corresponding to a preset modal test model;
based on the preset modal shape frequency, carrying out modal analysis on the gearbox shell through a least square frequency domain algorithm to obtain an analysis result;
and determining the shell constraint mode shape corresponding to each order mode according to the analysis result and the preset mode parameters.
3. The transmission housing constrained mode test method of claim 2, wherein said step of determining a sensor placement reference point based on said housing constrained mode shape and placing sensors based on said sensor placement reference point comprises:
selecting a position point meeting a preset condition from the shell constraint mode shape according to a preset mode shape frequency;
and determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the position point, and arranging the sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point.
4. The transmission housing constrained modal testing method of claim 1, wherein before the step of performing modal analysis on the transmission housing according to a preset modal test model to obtain the housing constrained modal shape, the method further comprises:
acquiring surface node information of a gearbox shell;
and establishing an initial simplified model in preset modal analysis software according to the surface node information, and taking the initial simplified model as a preset modal test model.
5. The transmission housing constrained modal testing method of claim 4, wherein said step of meshing the housing constrained modal shape and using the exact center of each mesh as a hammer point based on the result of meshing comprises:
performing meshing on the gearbox shell according to the shell constrained modal shape and the preset modal test model to obtain a meshing result;
and taking the positive center position of each grid in the grid division result as a hammering point according to the grid division result.
6. A transmission housing confined mode test method as set forth in any one of claims 1-5 wherein said step of performing a simulated hammer test of said transmission housing from said hammer points and obtaining simulated hammer test data collected by each sensor includes:
processing the hammering test signals collected by the sensors according to preset signal processing parameters to obtain processed target signals;
and determining target hammering test data from the simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor according to the coherent coefficient corresponding to the target signal.
7. A transmission housing confined mode test method as set forth in claim 6 wherein said step of determining target hammer test data from simulated hammer test data collected from each sensor based on a coherence factor associated with said target signal comprises:
inputting the target signal into a preset dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system to obtain a pulse excitation signal and an excitation response signal;
superposing a frequency response function corresponding to the pulse excitation signal and a frequency response function corresponding to the excitation response signal to obtain a superposed frequency response function;
and determining target hammering test data from the simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor according to the superposed frequency response function and the coherent coefficient corresponding to the target signal.
8. A transmission housing restraint modal test apparatus, the transmission housing restraint modal test apparatus comprising: a memory, a processor and a transmission housing constrained modal test program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the transmission housing constrained modal test program when executed by the processor implementing the transmission housing constrained modal test method of any of claims 1 to 7.
9. A storage medium having stored thereon a transmission housing constrained modal test program which, when executed by a processor, implements a transmission housing constrained modal test method as recited in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A gearbox housing restraint modal test device, characterized by, gearbox housing restraint modal test device includes:
the vibration mode determining module is used for carrying out modal analysis on the shell of the transmission according to a preset modal test model and obtaining a shell constraint modal vibration mode;
the sensor arrangement module is used for determining a sensor arrangement reference point according to the shell constrained modal shape and arranging sensors according to the sensor arrangement reference point;
the hammering testing module is used for carrying out grid division on the shell constrained modal vibration mode and taking the center of each grid as a hammering point according to a grid division result;
and the data acquisition module is used for carrying out a simulated hammering test on the gearbox shell according to the hammering point and acquiring simulated hammering test data acquired by each sensor.
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