CN114644457A - Slow release fertilizer for soilless culture - Google Patents
Slow release fertilizer for soilless culture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114644457A CN114644457A CN202011509411.5A CN202011509411A CN114644457A CN 114644457 A CN114644457 A CN 114644457A CN 202011509411 A CN202011509411 A CN 202011509411A CN 114644457 A CN114644457 A CN 114644457A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- slow release
- release fertilizer
- soilless culture
- culture according
- fertilizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000005365 phosphate glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001392 phosphorus oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus hexaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)OP3OP1OP2O3 VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 11
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Se]=O JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021503 Cobalt(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000003960 Ligases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000364 Ligases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003992 Peroxidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000004357 Transferases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000992 Transferases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Co+2] ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 iodine, rare earth Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001089 mineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Nd+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium metaphosphate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]P(=O)=O OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940099402 potassium metaphosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YWECOPREQNXXBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Pr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YWECOPREQNXXBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000022558 protein metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a slow release fertilizer for soilless culture, which is phosphate glass. Unlike polyphosphate crystals, phosphate glass has a slow dissolution rate in water, which can be further controlled by formulation adjustments. The slow release fertilizer is applied to fix all nutrient components or part of the nutrient components required by crops, and then the nutrient components are released into water at a certain speed under the action of water, so that the problem that the content and concentration of the fertilizer in the water are difficult to control in the soilless culture process can be solved.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a slow release fertilizer containing phosphorus and oxygen for soilless culture, belonging to the field of fertilizers.
Background art:
the development of chemical industry provides pesticides and chemical fertilizers for agricultural production. The yield per unit of crops is greatly improved, and the substance guarantee is provided for the survival of numerous people. However, with the widespread use of pesticides and fertilizers, the problem of environmental pollution also comes with it. The pollution of the chemical fertilizer is mainly eutrophication of water bodies, namely the chemical fertilizer is dissolved in rainwater, irrigation water and the like and is brought into underground water, rivers, lakes and other water bodies, so that elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like in the water bodies exceed standards, aquatic organisms such as algae, water plants and the like are excessively propagated, a large amount of aquatic organisms are dead, and the water quality is further deteriorated.
Most of the carbon and hydrogen elements required for the growth of crops can be obtained from air and water through photosynthesis, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium need to be supplemented to different degrees to grow well. Besides nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, crops also need various trace elements such as boron, fluorine, sodium, magnesium, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, germanium, selenium, molybdenum, tin, iodine, rare earth and the like. Although the amount of trace elements required is small, if a plant lacks certain essential trace elements, the plant cannot be compensated by the increase of other nutrient components.
The current chemical fertilizers are generally easy soluble fertilizers, namely, are easy to dissolve in water. Soluble fertilizers have quick response, but have more disadvantages: because of high concentration, the seedling burning phenomenon is easy to generate; easily dissolved in water and easily carried away by water flow, including underground (beyond the root depth of crops and unable to be reused) and flowing into rivers and lakes with water. The method is not only unfavorable for environmental protection, but also reduces the utilization rate of the fertilizer, and causes the waste of the fertilizer. At present, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is 30-60 percent of nitrogen fertilizer, 10-25 percent of phosphate fertilizer and 40-70 percent of potassium fertilizer, and only about half of the fertilizer can be utilized.
With the rise of soilless culture, the nutrient solution can be recycled, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is greatly improved. However, the content and the concentration of each nutrient substance need to be controlled more accurately in the soilless culture, and a soilless culture fertilizer applicator is generally needed so as to apply fertilizer regularly and quantitatively, thus increasing the workload and the difficulty of fertilizer application.
Phosphate glass is an important inorganic slow-release material, and unlike polyphosphate crystals, the phosphate glass has a slow dissolution rate in water. Through formula adjustment, the dissolution rate of phosphate in water can be further controlled. As a slow release agent, phosphate glass is used in the fields of water body scale inhibition and the like, but the application of the phosphate glass tends to be reduced due to the pollution of the phosphate to water bodies (mainly water body eutrophication). However, when the phosphate is applied to the agricultural field, the phosphate is not polluted but is a fertilizer; various macro elements and trace elements are combined to use through regulating the formula and designing a plurality of slow release agents, and the soilless culture can be conveniently applied.
The Chinese patent with publication number 1344695A discloses a phosphate glass for mineralizing and sterilizing drinking water, wherein phosphate only has a slow release effect and is a pollutant in nature, and the phosphate is different from the phosphate in the patent in that the phosphate is a necessary nutrient element for plants, and the product formula and the application field are different.
The invention content is as follows:
the slow release fertilizer is used for fixing all nutrient components or part of nutrient components required by crops, and then the nutrient components are released into water at a certain speed under the action of water, so that the problem that the content and concentration of the fertilizer in the water are difficult to control in the soilless culture process can be solved.
Phosphates are soluble with many oxides and form glassy states, for example, phosphorus pentoxide or polyphosphates with iron oxide, boron oxide, silicon oxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide, manganese oxide, tin oxide, and the like can be formed into glassy states within certain limits. Therefore, the glass consisting of phosphate containing various nutrient components required by crops is very suitable to be used as a slow release agent for soilless culture.
Since phosphate glass has a certain composition range beyond which glass is not obtained, it is difficult to achieve a sustained release formulation, including all nutrients required by crops, that dissolves at a proper rate. The problem can be solved by designing several slow release agents with different formulas to be used together and collaboratively. Through a large amount of formula optimization, researchers of the invention find that the slow release fertilizer is phosphate glass, the mass percentage content of phosphorus oxide in the slow release fertilizer is 30-90%, and the mass percentage content of phosphorus oxide is preferably 45-80%. Besides phosphorus and oxygen elements, the slow release fertilizer also contains at least one of a plurality of elements such as boron, nitrogen, fluorine, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, germanium, selenium, molybdenum, tin, iodine, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium and the like. Potassium, for example, is one of the important elements in fertilizers. Potassium is an activator of various enzymes in plants. Oxidoreductases, synthetases, transferases, phosphokinases and the like all require potassium activation and are involved in important physiological metabolism in plants, including sugar metabolism, protein metabolism, nucleic acid metabolism and the like. Potassium can also increase the activity of endogenous protection enzyme systems such as peroxidase and the like, and improve the capacity of plants to resist external environmental stimulation. Potassium can also enhance and regulate photosynthesis. The slow release fertilizer disclosed by the invention also contains a potassium element in addition to phosphorus and oxygen elements, and the mass percentage (calculated by potassium oxide) of the potassium element is more than 10%, and preferably 20% -55%.
The slow release fertilizer is prepared by mixing and melting compounds of corresponding elements. The melting temperature range for preparing the slow release fertilizer is 300-1400 ℃, and preferably 600-1200 ℃.
In the process of melting phosphate, the corrosivity is very strong, and in the experimental process, researchers of the invention find that a corundum crucible and a quartz crucible have good corrosion resistance; the graphite crucible and the boron nitride crucible are not soaked with phosphate melt and are not corroded below 500 ℃, phosphate glass needs to be melted under the protection of inert gas or vacuum above 500 ℃, otherwise the graphite crucible and the boron nitride crucible are easy to corrode at high temperature.
The soilless culture slow release fertilizer can bring the following beneficial effects:
1. the workload in the soilless culture process is reduced;
2. the application difficulty of the nutrient solution is greatly reduced;
the slow release effect is realized, so the service cycle is long, and the automatic management is convenient to realize. And (5) performing dynamic management.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the slow release fertilizer prepared in example 2, which is mainly a slow release fertilizer containing phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium;
FIG. 2 shows the slow release fertilizer prepared in example 4, which is mainly a slow release fertilizer containing P, K, Ca, Mg, B and Sn.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1: crushing 60g of monopotassium phosphate, 40g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1g of boric acid, 6g of calcium hydroxide, 4g of magnesium hydroxide, 2g of manganese sulfate and 1g of zinc oxide, uniformly mixing, heating to 300 ℃ in a graphite crucible, preserving heat for 2 hours, and then slowly cooling to obtain a blocky solid.
Example 2: crushing 100g of monopotassium phosphate, 5g of potassium carbonate, 4g of calcium hydroxide, 4g of magnesium hydroxide and 2g of silicon dioxide, uniformly mixing, heating to 1400 ℃ in a graphite crucible under the protection of nitrogen, preserving heat for 1 hour, and then cooling at 2 ℃ per minute to obtain a colorless transparent solid. See fig. 1.
Example 3: 50g of sodium hexametaphosphate, 50g of monopotassium phosphate, 2g of manganese sulfate, 2g of calcium oxide, 2g of magnesium oxide, 1g of boric acid, 1g of iron oxide, 0.2g of cobalt hydroxide, 0.2g of copper oxide, 0.4g of zinc oxide, 0.2g of germanium oxide, 0.1g of selenium dioxide, 0.1g of tin dioxide, 0.05g of lanthanum nitrate, 0.05g of cerium nitrate, 0.05g of praseodymium nitrate and 0.05g of neodymium nitrate are crushed together, uniformly mixed, heated to 1000 ℃ in a graphite crucible under the protection of nitrogen, kept warm for 1 hour, and then cooled at 1 ℃ per minute to obtain a massive solid.
Example 4: 100g of potassium metaphosphate, 5g of magnesium sulfate, 4g of calcium oxide, 2g of zinc oxide, 1g of boric acid and 0.5g of tin oxide are crushed together, mixed uniformly, heated to 1200 ℃ in a quartz crucible and kept for 1 hour, then put in a boron nitride crucible at 1000 ℃, kept for 1 hour at 400 ℃, and then cooled at 0.5 ℃ per minute to obtain a solid with glass luster. See fig. 2.
Example 5: 86g of phosphorus pentoxide, 3g of magnesium oxide, 4g of calcium oxide, 2g of zinc oxide, 1g of boron oxide, 30g of potassium carbonate and 0.8g of sodium carbonate are crushed together, mixed uniformly, quickly heated to 1300 ℃ in a corundum crucible, kept at the temperature for 1 hour, put in a graphite crucible at 1000 ℃, kept at the temperature of 500 ℃ for 2 hours, and then cooled at 1 ℃ per minute to obtain the solid with glass luster.
Example 6: 12g of phosphorus pentoxide, 100g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 3g of calcium oxide, 2g of magnesium oxide, 1g of boron oxide and 1g of zinc oxide are crushed together, uniformly mixed, quickly heated to 1100 ℃ in a corundum crucible, kept for 1 hour, put in a graphite crucible at 900 ℃, kept for 2 hours at 400 ℃, and then cooled at 0.8 ℃ per minute to obtain the glass-luster solid.
Table 1 description of slow release fertilizers made in the examples
Claims (12)
1. The slow release fertilizer for soilless culture is characterized in that: the slow release fertilizer is phosphate glass, and the mass percentage content of phosphorus oxide in the slow release fertilizer is 30-90%.
2. The slow release fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 1, wherein: the mass percentage content of the phosphorus oxide in the slow release fertilizer is 45-80%.
3. The slow release fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 2, wherein: the slow release fertilizer contains phosphorus and oxygen elements, and also contains at least one of boron, nitrogen, fluorine, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, germanium, selenium, molybdenum, tin, iodine, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium elements.
4. The slow release fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 3, wherein: besides phosphorus and oxygen elements, the slow release fertilizer also contains potassium element.
5. The slow release fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 4, wherein: the mass percentage content (calculated by potassium oxide) of potassium element in the slow release fertilizer is more than 10%.
6. The slow release fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 5, wherein: the mass percentage content (calculated by potassium oxide) of potassium element in the slow release fertilizer is preferably 20-55%.
7. The slow release fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 3, wherein: the slow release fertilizer is prepared by mixing and melting compounds of corresponding elements.
8. The slow release fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 7, wherein: the melting temperature range for preparing the slow release fertilizer is 300-1400 ℃.
9. The slow release fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 8, wherein: the melting temperature range for preparing the slow release fertilizer is preferably 600-1200 ℃.
10. The slow release fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 7, wherein: graphite, corundum, quartz or boron nitride materials are preferably selected as the crucible for preparing the slow release fertilizer.
11. The slow release fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 7, wherein: the slow release fertilizer is fired in air atmosphere, nitrogen atmosphere, argon atmosphere or vacuum.
12. The slow release fertilizer for soilless culture according to claim 1, wherein: the slow release fertilizer is used for agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and is particularly suitable for soilless culture (water culture).
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3930833A (en) * | 1973-10-18 | 1976-01-06 | Ferro Corporation | Micronutrient metal-containing phosphate glasses |
| GB1512637A (en) * | 1975-07-29 | 1978-06-01 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Vitreous controlled release fertiliser composition |
| DE2739836A1 (en) * | 1977-09-03 | 1979-03-15 | Itt Ind Gmbh Deutsche | Vitreous controlled release fertiliser compsn. - comprising a vitreous matrix formed from phosphorus pent:oxide and glass modifying oxide cpds. |
| JPH06321575A (en) * | 1993-05-14 | 1994-11-22 | Yamamura Glass Co Ltd | Glassy composition for plant culture and its production |
| CN101863698A (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-20 | 郑庆云 | Slow-release glass fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102093127A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-06-15 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Glass matrix type slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| WO2016132285A1 (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2016-08-25 | Microfertil S.R.L. | A fertilizing composition |
| CN106316136A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-11 | 湖北戈碧迦光电科技股份有限公司 | Slow-release antibacterial phosphate glass fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-12-18 CN CN202011509411.5A patent/CN114644457A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3930833A (en) * | 1973-10-18 | 1976-01-06 | Ferro Corporation | Micronutrient metal-containing phosphate glasses |
| GB1512637A (en) * | 1975-07-29 | 1978-06-01 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Vitreous controlled release fertiliser composition |
| DE2739836A1 (en) * | 1977-09-03 | 1979-03-15 | Itt Ind Gmbh Deutsche | Vitreous controlled release fertiliser compsn. - comprising a vitreous matrix formed from phosphorus pent:oxide and glass modifying oxide cpds. |
| JPH06321575A (en) * | 1993-05-14 | 1994-11-22 | Yamamura Glass Co Ltd | Glassy composition for plant culture and its production |
| CN101863698A (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-20 | 郑庆云 | Slow-release glass fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102093127A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-06-15 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Glass matrix type slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| WO2016132285A1 (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2016-08-25 | Microfertil S.R.L. | A fertilizing composition |
| CN106316136A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-11 | 湖北戈碧迦光电科技股份有限公司 | Slow-release antibacterial phosphate glass fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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