CN114619666A - Method for preparing multifunctional material with isolation structure based on FDM printing technology - Google Patents

Method for preparing multifunctional material with isolation structure based on FDM printing technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114619666A
CN114619666A CN202111401803.4A CN202111401803A CN114619666A CN 114619666 A CN114619666 A CN 114619666A CN 202111401803 A CN202111401803 A CN 202111401803A CN 114619666 A CN114619666 A CN 114619666A
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silver paste
fdm
nano silver
preparing
multifunctional material
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Inventor
李仲明
李斌
冯东
陈伯骐
张晋
李杨
唐杉
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/188—Processes of additive manufacturing involving additional operations performed on the added layers, e.g. smoothing, grinding or thickness control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing an isolation structure multifunctional material based on FDM printing technology, which comprises the steps of extruding thermoplastic polyurethane particles to print required wires, carrying out FDM printing on the wires, coating a layer of nano silver paste on each layer of thermoplastic polyurethane after printing, putting the layers into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold after drying until printing is finished, carrying out irradiation in a microwave reactor, carrying out pressure strengthening on a flat vulcanizing machine while the materials are hot after microwave irradiation is finished, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional material; according to the invention, when the workpiece is printed by FDM, the microwave sensitizer nano silver paste is coated, the prepared material has an isolation structure, when microwaves are applied, the conductive silver paste between the filament lines is locally heated, so that polymer molecular chains near the silver paste are mutually crosslinked, the mechanical property of the material is improved, and the tested composite material has good mechanical, electrical, electromagnetic shielding and sensing properties.

Description

Method for preparing multifunctional material with isolation structure based on FDM printing technology
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for processing a material with electromagnetic shielding and sensing functions and a multilayer isolation structure in an FDM printing process, and belongs to the technical field of multifunctional materials.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid increase of the demand for complex-structured, lightweight, multifunctional electronic devices, multifunctional materials have become a hot spot of current research. Conductive Polymer Composites (CPCs) have the characteristics of light weight, corrosion resistance, simple processing design, easy functionalization and the like, and are the best substitutes for multifunctional materials at present. Generally, freeze-drying, compression molding, solid state extrusion, and foaming processes are widely used methods for preparing CPCs. However, these processes have some drawbacks that make it inefficient to produce CPCs with ideal structures and complex geometries. Such as a freeze-dried ultra-light cellulose porous composite material, has poor mechanical strength due to the lack of a high-rigidity support. Because the heat transfer direction of the material is from outside to inside, the compression molding process can only produce CPCs with limited geometric shapes. Solid state extrusion typically requires very high pressures, i.e. 150MPa, to complete the forming process. Electromagnetic shielding of low density porous materials has not met the requirements of commercial applications, etc., which has made the above-described technique a significant challenge in the fabrication of complex geometry polymer components, limiting its further application in certain specific areas.
Compared with the traditional blending CPCs in which the conductive particles are randomly distributed, the isolation structure CPCs in which the conductive particles are distributed at the interface of the polymer micro-zone has high effective concentration, lower conductive percolation value and conductivity and higher electromagnetic shielding or wave absorbing effect. The conductive polymer composite material with the isolation structure is one of the keys for developing lightweight high-end equipment, and related researches become important subjects in the field of high polymer material science.
In recent years, the preparation technology of the CPCs with the isolation structure has been rapidly developed. Researchers at home and abroad develop a series of polymer processing and forming methods to prepare the CPCs with the isolation structure. Wherein, the hot-press molding technology has wide application due to simple method and mature process. However, the hot press molding technique has no universality, and is mainly suitable for the welding of polymer substrates with higher melt strength, and more importantly, the hot press molding cannot be used for preparing polymer composite materials and products with complex geometric shapes due to the limitation of a heating mode. In addition to hot pressing techniques, a third phase compatibilizer has been introduced to surface weld the polymer particles. However, although the process molding method can perform melt molding on the polymer particles coated with the functional filler, the process has the limitations of complicated process (e.g. the third phase fusing agent or the flux agent needs to be uniformly introduced), harsh operating conditions (e.g. the operating pressure of the solid phase extrusion method is as high as 150MPa), high equipment dependence (e.g. the special processing equipment needs to be customized), and the like. In addition, the size of the obtained composite material and product is limited, and the density of the composite material and the product is close to that of the polymer body, so that the application of the material is limited. At present, the existing processing method is difficult to simultaneously meet the economic, efficient and high-performance indexes in the aspect of preparing the composite material with the isolation structure. The method for preparing the CPCs with the isolation structure in a green and efficient manner is developed, and the structure and the performance of the CPCs are regulated and controlled, so that the method has very important theoretical research significance and practical application value.
The FDM printing technology has unique advantages, can be used for manufacturing products with complex three-dimensional functional structures which cannot be manufactured by the conventional polymer processing technology, and has very important application in the fields of national economy and high technology. However, to achieve filler connectivity in random systems, it is often necessary to load the matrix with a high level of conductive filler, which in turn leads to a number of adverse effects on the material, such as poor printability, high cost, and poor interfacial adhesion. Therefore, it is difficult to realize multi-functionalization and high performance of printed products by using the FDM printed functional material composite thread.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems and the defects, the invention provides a method for preparing an isolation structure multifunctional material based on FDM printing technology, which comprises the steps of coating microwave sensitizer nano silver paste on a thermoplastic polyurethane substrate while FDM printing a workpiece, enhancing the subsequent interface fusion effect of the workpiece, preparing the material with an isolation structure, applying microwaves on the material, locally heating the nano silver paste between layers, and performing hot-pressing to strengthen the acting force between the printing layers, so that the comprehensive performance of the material is improved, and the excellent electromagnetic shielding and sensing multifunctional material TPU/Ag composite material is developed.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing an isolation structure multifunctional material based on an FDM printing technology comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) particles into a single-screw extruder to extrude and print required wires;
(2) constructing a 3D model of the sample by using three-dimensional drawing software, storing the model as an STL file, importing the STL file into an FDM printer, and adding the wire processed in the step (1) into the printer for printing;
(3) printing a layer of TPU, coating a layer of nano silver paste on the outermost surface of the printed TPU, distributing the nano silver paste between every two layers of TPU layers, and then placing the blank body in a forced air drying oven for drying until the conductive nano silver paste is completely cured;
(4) placing the dried blank in the step (3) into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and then placing the polytetrafluoroethylene mold into a microwave reactor for irradiation;
(5) and (5) immediately carrying out pressure strengthening on the mould filled with the blank after the microwave irradiation in the step (4) on a flat vulcanizing machine while the mould is hot, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional material TPU/Ag composite material.
Extruding the thermoplastic polyurethane TPU granules in the step (1) in a single-screw extruder at the temperature of 160-200 ℃, at the screw rotating speed of 20-60rpm, and extruding to obtain TPU wires with the diameter of 1.7-1.8 mm.
The three-dimensional drawing software in the step (2) comprises the following steps: CAD, solidworks, UG and the like, and the FDM printer parameters are set as follows: the nozzle temperature is 200-230 ℃, the printing speed is 20-25mm/s, and the printing thickness of each layer is 0.1-0.3 mm.
The nano silver paste in the step (3) is a conventional product purchased in the market, and the nano silver paste used in the method is the nano silver paste DJ-40 produced by Shenzhen Warwiss electronic technology Limited.
And (3) coating a layer of nano silver paste by manual painting or electric spray gun spraying, wherein the thickness of the layer of nano silver paste is 25-50 mu m, when the electric spray gun is used for spraying, the nano silver paste and the terpineol are mixed according to the mass ratio of 80:20 and then sprayed, the diameter of the spray nozzle is 1.3mm, and the power of the spray gun is 600-.
The temperature of the blast drying box in the step (3) is 100-150 ℃, and the drying time is 20-40 min.
The power of the microwave reactor in the step (4) is 200w-400w, and the time is 20s-40 s.
And (5) the pressure of the pressure strengthening of the plate vulcanizing machine is 5-10Mpa, and the time is 1-5 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention selects silver paste as conductive filler and microwave absorbent to improve the conductivity and interlayer bonding strength of the composite material; thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) is selected as a polymer matrix, and the thermoplastic polyurethane has the advantages of low cost, good elasticity, good processability and the like.
The silver paste is coated in the printing process and selectively dispersed on the surface of each layer of TPU so as to ensure that the printed TPU part has a continuous conductive structure.
The invention combines FDM printing, on-line coating and microwave selective heating to prepare electromagnetic interference shielding and human body motion detection CPCs with high conductivity.
According to the invention, the TPU/Ag composite material is subjected to interface bonding strength enhancement treatment by adopting a microwave selective heating strategy, the thickness of the TPU/Ag composite material part can be customized, and the composite material shows excellent electromagnetic interference performance and human body monitoring performance, so that the TPU/Ag composite material has a wide application prospect in aerospace, portable electronic equipment and intelligent equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a polytetrafluoroethylene mold;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a TPU/Ag composite material;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the cross section of the TPU/Ag composite material
FIG. 4 is an EDS plot of a cross section of a TPU/Ag composite;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing mechanical properties of pure TPU, TPU/Ag composite material without hot pressing by irradiation, and TPU/Ag composite material after microwave heating for 20s and 40 s;
FIG. 6 shows the electromagnetic shielding performance of the TPU/Ag composite;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the sensing performance of the TPU/Ag composite.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples. The thermoplastic polyurethane TPU particles used in the present invention are German Bayer 2790A thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber particles.
The invention selects a polytetrafluoroethylene mould to load a sample for microwave irradiation and hot pressing, the photograph of the mould is shown in figure 1, the left mould is used for a round material, the right mould is used for a strip material, the mould is strictly customized by using polytetrafluoroethylene according to the shape of a 3D printing composite material, the inner diameter of the mould can just put the composite material into the mould, the polytetrafluoroethylene has certain toughness, and the aim is that Ag is heated and then the composite material is just strengthened in the vertical direction when a flat vulcanizing machine is used for hot pressing, so that the whole material is uniformly strengthened, and the phenomenon of pressure deviation caused by uneven stress can be avoided.
Example 1
A method for preparing an isolation structure multifunctional material based on FDM printing technology comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) particles into a single-screw extruder to extrude and print required wires, wherein the extrusion temperature is 160 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 20rpm, and the diameter of the extruded TPU wires is 1.7-1.8 mm;
(2) using three-dimensional drawing software CAD to construct a 3D model of the sample, storing the model as an STL file and importing the STL file into an FDM printer, adding the wire processed in the step (1) into the FDM printer for printing, and setting parameters of the FDM printer as follows: the nozzle temperature is 200 ℃, the printing speed is 25mm/s, and the printing thickness of each layer is 0.1 mm;
(3) when one layer of TPU is printed, manually coating one layer of nano silver paste, wherein the thickness of one layer of TPU is 0.1mm, the thickness of one layer of nano silver paste is 25 mu m, the nano silver paste is a nano silver paste DJ-40 product produced by Shenzhen Warwiss electronics technology Limited, coating one layer of nano silver paste on the outermost surface of the printed TPU, distributing the nano silver paste between every two layers of TPU layers, then placing the blank body in a forced air drying box, wherein the temperature of the forced air drying box is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 40min until the conductive nano silver paste is completely cured;
(4) putting the dried blank in the step (3) into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and then putting the polytetrafluoroethylene mold into a microwave reactor for irradiation, wherein the power of the microwave reactor is 300w, and the irradiation time is 30 s;
(5) and (4) immediately carrying out pressure strengthening on the mould filled with the blank body after the microwave irradiation in the step (4) while the mould is hot on a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the pressure is 10Mpa and the time is 1min, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional TPU/Ag composite material.
Example 2
A method for preparing an isolation structure multifunctional material based on an FDM printing technology comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) particles into a single-screw extruder to extrude and print required wires, wherein the extrusion temperature is 170 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 30rpm, and the diameter of the extruded TPU wires is 1.7-1.8 mm;
(2) using three-dimensional drawing software solidworks to construct a 3D model of a sample, storing the model as an STL file and importing the STL file into an FDM printer, adding the wire processed in the step (1) into the FDM printer for printing, and setting parameters of the FDM printer as follows: the nozzle temperature is 200 ℃, the printing speed is 25mm/s, and the printing thickness of each layer is 0.1 mm;
(3) when the electric spray gun is used for spraying, mixing and spraying the nano silver paste and terpineol in a mass ratio of 80:20, wherein the diameter of a nozzle is 1.3mm, the power of the spray gun is 700w, spraying one layer of nano silver paste on the outermost surface of the printed product until the printing is finished, distributing the nano silver paste between every two layers of TPU layers, then placing a blank body in a forced air drying box, and controlling the temperature of the forced air drying box to be 120 ℃, the drying time to be 30min until the conductive nano silver paste is completely cured;
(4) putting the dried blank in the step (3) into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and then putting the polytetrafluoroethylene mold into a microwave reactor for irradiation, wherein the power of the microwave reactor is 300w, and the irradiation time is 30 s;
(5) and (4) immediately carrying out pressure strengthening on the mould filled with the blank body after the microwave irradiation in the step (4) while the mould is hot on a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the pressure is 9Mpa and the time is 2min, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional TPU/Ag composite material.
Example 3
A method for preparing an isolation structure multifunctional material based on FDM printing technology comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) particles into a single-screw extruder to extrude and print required wires, wherein the extrusion temperature is 180 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 40rpm, and the diameter of the extruded TPU wires is 1.7-1.8 mm;
(2) using three-dimensional drawing software CAD to construct a 3D model of the sample, storing the model as an STL file and importing the STL file into an FDM printer, adding the wire processed in the step (1) into the FDM printer for printing, and setting parameters of the FDM printer as follows: the nozzle temperature is 230 ℃, the printing speed is 20mm/s, and the printing thickness of each layer is 0.2 mm;
(3) when the electric spray gun is used for spraying, mixing and spraying the nano silver paste and terpineol in a mass ratio of 80:20, wherein the diameter of a nozzle is 1.3mm, the power of the spray gun is 600w, spraying one layer of nano silver paste on the outermost surface of the printed product until the printing is finished, distributing the nano silver paste between every two layers of TPU layers, then placing a blank body in a forced air drying box, and controlling the temperature of the forced air drying box to be 130 ℃, the drying time to be 25min until the conductive nano silver paste is completely cured;
(4) putting the dried blank body obtained in the step (3) into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and then putting the polytetrafluoroethylene mold into a microwave reactor for irradiation, wherein the power of the microwave reactor is 200w, and the irradiation time is 40 s;
(5) and (4) immediately carrying out pressure strengthening on the mould filled with the blank body after the microwave irradiation in the step (4) while the mould is hot on a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the pressure is 5Mpa and the time is 5min, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional TPU/Ag composite material.
Example 4
A method for preparing an isolation structure multifunctional material based on FDM printing technology comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) particles into a single-screw extruder to extrude and print required wires, wherein the extrusion temperature is 200 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 60rpm, and the diameter of the extruded TPU wires is 1.7-1.8 mm;
(2) and (3) constructing a 3D model of the sample by using three-dimensional drawing software UG, storing the model as an STL file and importing the STL file into an FDM printer, adding the wire processed in the step (1) into the FDM printer for printing, and setting parameters of the FDM printer as follows: the nozzle temperature is 220 ℃, the printing speed is 22mm/s, and the printing thickness of each layer is 0.3 mm;
(3) when the electric spray gun is used for spraying, mixing and spraying the nano silver paste and terpineol in a mass ratio of 80:20, wherein the diameter of a nozzle is 1.3mm, the power of the spray gun is 800w, spraying one layer of nano silver paste on the outermost surface of the printed product until the printing is finished, distributing the nano silver paste between every two layers of TPU layers, then placing a blank body in a forced air drying box, and controlling the temperature of the forced air drying box to be 150 ℃ and the drying time to be 20min until the conductive nano silver paste is completely cured;
(4) putting the dried blank body obtained in the step (3) into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and then putting the polytetrafluoroethylene mold into a microwave reactor for irradiation, wherein the power of the microwave reactor is 400w, and the irradiation time is 20 s;
(5) and (4) immediately carrying out pressure strengthening on the mould filled with the blank body after the microwave irradiation in the step (4) while the mould is hot on a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the pressure is 8Mpa and the time is 3min, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional TPU/Ag composite material.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a TPU/Ag composite material, wherein the left side is a circular composite material, the right side is a strip-shaped composite material, and the two molds in FIG. 1 are respectively used for irradiation and hot pressing.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope cross-section of the TPU/Ag composite prepared in example 1, from which a distinct multilayer isolation structure can be seen; fig. 4 is an EDS elemental scan of a cross section of the TPU/Ag composite material prepared in example 1, from which it can be seen that Ag element representing nano silver paste and C element representing polyurethane appear alternately in layers, illustrating the successful construction of a multilayer isolation structure.
Preparing a composite material M-TPU/Ag (40s) and a composite material M-TPU/Ag (20s) according to the method of example 1, adjusting the microwave irradiation time of step (4) to 40s and 20s, and otherwise, the same as in example 1; printing a pure Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) material without coating nano silver paste according to the step (1) and the step (2) of the embodiment 1, and finally obtaining the pure TPU material, wherein the thickness of the composite material is the same as that of the embodiment 1; mechanical property detection is carried out on a pure TPU material, the material after the curing treatment in the step (3) in the embodiment 1, the composite material M-TPU/Ag (20s) prepared by the method in the embodiment 1 and the composite material M-TPU/Ag (40s), and the result is shown in figure 5, and it can be seen from the figure that the material which is not subjected to microwave irradiation and hot pressing after the curing treatment in the step (3) in the embodiment 1 has the worst mechanical property, the mechanical property is enhanced after the microwave hot pressing for 20s and 40s, and the mechanical property is continuously close to that of the pure TPU material along with the lengthening of the irradiation time, which shows that the combination of the microwave selective heating and the hot pressing is an effective means for enhancing the mechanical property of the composite material.
According to the experimental method of the embodiment 1, the thickness of one layer of TPU and the thickness of one layer of nano silver paste are adjusted to prepare TPU/Ag composite materials with different total thicknesses, wherein the total thicknesses are 0.83mm, 1.18mm, 1.88mm and 2.34mm respectively, and the electromagnetic shielding performance of the composite materials with different thicknesses is detected, so that as shown in fig. 6, it can be seen from the figure that the electromagnetic shielding effect is better and better along with the increase of the thicknesses, and the electromagnetic shielding performance of the materials is good.
The TPU/Ag composite material with the thickness of 1mm is prepared according to the experimental method of the example 1, the tensile sensing performance of the TPU/Ag composite material is tested for 2000s, and the result is shown in figure 7, and the TPU/Ag composite material has force sensitivity and certain durability and can be applied to a tensile sensor.
In conclusion, the composite material obtained by the invention has good mechanical property, electromagnetic shielding property and tensile sensing property, and can be applied to the electromagnetic shielding field and the sensing field.

Claims (8)

1. A method for preparing an isolation structure multifunctional material based on FDM printing technology is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) adding thermoplastic polyurethane particles into a single-screw extruder to extrude wires;
(2) constructing a 3D model of the sample, storing the model as an STL file, importing the STL file into an FDM printer, and adding the wire processed in the step (1) into the printer for printing;
(3) coating a layer of nano silver paste on the outermost surface of the printed thermoplastic polyurethane layer after printing of each layer of thermoplastic polyurethane layer, and then blowing and drying the blank body until the blank body is completely cured;
(4) placing the dried blank body obtained in the step (3) into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and performing microwave irradiation;
(5) and (4) performing pressure strengthening on the mould filled with the blank body after microwave irradiation in the step (4) while the mould is hot, and cooling to obtain the multifunctional material.
2. The method for preparing the multifunctional material for the isolation structure based on the FDM printing technology, according to the claim 1, wherein the extrusion temperature of the single-screw extruder in the step (1) is 160-200 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 20-60rpm, and the diameter of the extruded wire is 1.7-1.8 mm.
3. The method for preparing multifunctional material for isolation structures based on FDM printing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein step (2) FDM printer parameters are set as follows: the nozzle temperature is 200-230 ℃, the printing speed is 20-25mm/s, and the printing thickness of each layer is 0.1-0.3 mm.
4. The method for preparing the multifunctional material with the isolation structure based on the FDM printing technology as recited in claim 1, wherein the nano silver paste in the step (3) is a nano silver paste DJ-40 produced by Shenzhen Warwiss electronics technology Limited.
5. The method for preparing the multifunctional material with the isolation structure based on the FDM printing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (3) of coating the layer of nano silver paste is manual painting or electric spray gun spraying, the thickness of the layer of nano silver paste is 25-50 μm, when the electric spray gun spraying is performed, the nano silver paste and the terpineol are mixed according to the mass ratio of 80:20 and then sprayed, the diameter of a nozzle is 1.3mm, and the power of the spray gun is 600-.
6. The method for preparing the multifunctional material for the isolation structure based on the FDM printing technology, according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the forced air drying in the step (3) is 100-150 ℃, and the drying time is 20-40 min.
7. The method for preparing multifunctional material with isolation structures based on FDM printing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microwave irradiation in step (4) is performed at power of 200w-400w for 20s-40 s.
8. The method for preparing multifunctional material with isolation structures based on FDM printing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure for pressure intensification in step (5) is 5-10MPa for 1-5 min.
CN202111401803.4A 2021-11-23 2021-11-23 Method for preparing multifunctional material with isolation structure based on FDM printing technology Pending CN114619666A (en)

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