CN114618389B - High-flow-rate solid-gas hybrid heater - Google Patents

High-flow-rate solid-gas hybrid heater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114618389B
CN114618389B CN202210374594.7A CN202210374594A CN114618389B CN 114618389 B CN114618389 B CN 114618389B CN 202210374594 A CN202210374594 A CN 202210374594A CN 114618389 B CN114618389 B CN 114618389B
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China
Prior art keywords
flue
inlet
heat carrier
cyclone separator
purging
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Active
Application number
CN202210374594.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114618389A (en
Inventor
夏良伟
宋宝军
孙向文
姜孝国
王德华
赵翠晶
姜雪
马明华
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Harbin Boiler Co Ltd
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Harbin Boiler Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210374594.7A priority Critical patent/CN114618389B/en
Publication of CN114618389A publication Critical patent/CN114618389A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J6/00Heat treatments such as Calcining; Fusing ; Pyrolysis
    • B01J6/001Calcining
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D45/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/16Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28CHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/10Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material
    • F28C3/12Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283Flue gases

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of calcium method carbon capture, in particular to a high-flow-rate solid-gas mixed heater, which aims to solve the problem that the existing heater rarely relates to carbon capture and the discharged carbon dioxide affects the environment, and comprises an inlet flue, a heat carrier inlet pipeline, a particle flow equalizer, an ash deposition spoiler, a cyclone separator, an outlet flue and a heat carrier outlet pipeline; the inlet flue is connected with the side wall of the cyclone separator, the top of the inlet flue is connected with a heat carrier inlet pipeline, the outlet flue is arranged at the top of the cyclone separator, a heat carrier outlet pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separator, a particle flow equalizer is arranged between the inlet flue and the heat carrier inlet pipeline, an accumulated ash spoiler is arranged at the bottom of the inlet flue, solid-gas direct mixing type heating is adopted, the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, the volume and investment of heat exchange equipment are shortened, the cyclone separator technology is utilized, the efficient separation of materials can be realized, structures such as a flow equalizer and a spoiler are adopted, and the solid-gas premixing effect is ensured.

Description

High-flow-rate solid-gas hybrid heater
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of calcium method carbon capture, in particular to a high-flow-rate solid-gas hybrid heater.
Background
Carbon capture is a technique that can directly reduce carbon dioxide emissions, where CaO/CaCO 3 The method carbon trapping technology needs to heat CaCO3 to realize high-temperature calcination. The existing heater rarely relates to carbon capture, the discharged carbon dioxide affects the environment, and the solid-gas mixing effect of high flow rate (high flow rate) is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the patent of the invention is that: the invention provides a high-flow-rate solid-gas hybrid heater, which aims to solve the problem that the existing heater rarely involves carbon capture and the discharged carbon dioxide affects the environment.
The invention is realized by the following scheme:
a high flow rate solid-gas mixed heater comprises an inlet flue, a heat carrier inlet pipeline, a particle flow equalizer, an ash deposition spoiler, a cyclone separator, an outlet flue and a heat carrier outlet pipeline;
the inlet flue is connected with the side wall of the cyclone separator, the top of the inlet flue is connected with a heat carrier inlet pipeline, the outlet flue is arranged at the top of the cyclone separator, a heat carrier outlet pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separator, a particle flow equalizer is arranged between the inlet flue and the heat carrier inlet pipeline, and an ash deposition spoiler is arranged at the bottom of the inlet flue.
Further, the particle flow equalizer also comprises two fixed clamping seats and a heat insulation material;
the heat preservation material is fixed in the inboard of flange, and two fixed cassette symmetry imbeds in the inside of flange heat preservation material, and flow equalizing structure sets up between two fixed cassette.
Still further, the particle flow equalizer further comprises a fixed clamping seat;
the flow equalizing structure is connected with the flange through the fixed clamping seat.
Further, the dust deposition spoiler comprises a purging main pipe and a plurality of purging pipes;
the air inlet ends of the purging pipes are communicated with the purging main pipe, and the air outlet ends of the purging pipes are communicated with the bottom of the inlet flue.
Still further, each purge tube is provided with a manual adjustment valve.
Further, an electric regulating valve is arranged on the purging main pipe.
Still further, a flowmeter is arranged on the purging main pipe.
Further, the plurality of purge pipes are arranged at equal intervals.
Still further, a plurality of purge tubes are each connected to the inlet flue through a wear resistant castable.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the hot flue gas is utilized to heat and reheat the solid particles, the solid particles are directly contacted with the hot flue gas, and the solid-gas direct mixing type heating is adopted, so that the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, and the volume and investment of heat exchange equipment are shortened.
2. By utilizing the cyclone separator and the efficient cyclone separator technology, the efficient separation of materials can be realized, and the heating capacity of the heater can be realized.
3. Adopts the structures of a particle flow equalizer and an ash deposition spoiler to ensure the solid-gas premixing effect. Solid particles are prevented from accumulating in the inlet flue, and the heat exchange effect is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high flow rate hybrid solid-gas heater;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a particle flow equalizer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an ash deposition spoiler.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless expressly stated otherwise, as understood by those skilled in the art. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the embodiments of the invention, reference will now be made to the drawings of several specific embodiments illustrated in the drawings and in no way should be taken to limit the embodiments of the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: a high flow rate solid-gas mixed heater comprises an inlet flue 1, a heat carrier inlet pipeline 2, a particle flow equalizer 3, an ash deposition spoiler 4, a cyclone separator 5, an outlet flue 6 and a heat carrier outlet pipeline 7;
the inlet flue 1 is connected with the side wall of the cyclone separator 5, the top of the inlet flue 1 is connected with the heat carrier inlet pipeline 2, the outlet flue 6 is arranged at the top of the cyclone separator 5, the heat carrier outlet pipeline 7 is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separator 5, the particle flow equalizer 3 is arranged between the inlet flue 1 and the heat carrier inlet pipeline 2, and the dust deposition spoiler 4 is arranged at the bottom of the inlet flue 1.
In this embodiment, the following will be described: the invention adopts the cyclone separator to carry out gas-solid mixing, heating and separation, and can realize solid heating with high mass flow rate. The solid particle flow equalizer is arranged at the outlet of the heat carrier, so that solid particles uniformly enter the inlet flue, and the flue gas and the solid particles achieve a better pre-mixing effect. The lower part of the inlet flue is provided with an ash deposition disturbing device, and the ash deposition disturbing device can periodically purge the ash deposition which is not taken away by the flue gas through the compressed air classification and send the ash deposition into the separator.
And heating the reheat solid particles by using the hot flue gas, wherein the solid particles are directly contacted with the hot flue gas. The heat exchange area and the heat transfer coefficient are increased compared with the non-contact mode. The heat exchange can be completed in a short time. After heat exchange, the cyclone separator technology is utilized to realize the efficient separation of the gas-solid mixture and extract the heat carrier after heat absorption. High flow rate solid particle heating can thus be achieved.
And adding a particle flow equalizer at the outlet of the heat carrier. After the flow rate of the heat carrier is increased, the premixing effect with the hot flue gas is reduced, so that the problem is solved. And a particle flow equalizer is added at the heat carrier outlet, and the flow cross section of solid particles is increased by impacting the flow dividing structure.
An ash deposition turbulence device is arranged below the inlet flue. If the flue gas cannot timely take away the heat carrier, the heat carrier is deposited below the inlet flue in a form of accumulated ash, so that the flow section of the flue is changed, and the flow field distribution of the flue gas is deteriorated. After the dust deposition turbulence device is arranged, the dust deposition problem generated by premixing high-flow solid particles and smoke can be effectively solved.
The second embodiment is as follows: the particle flow equalizer 3 comprises a flange 3-1 and an equalizing structure 3-2;
the flow equalizing structure 3-2 is fixed inside the inlet flue 1 through a flange 3-1.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
And a third specific embodiment: the particle flow equalizer 3 further comprises two fixed clamping seats 3-3 and a heat insulation material 3-4;
the heat insulation material 3-4 is fixed on the inner side of the flange 3-1, the two fixing clamping seats 3-3 are symmetrically embedded in the flange heat insulation material 3-4, and the flow equalizing structure 3-2 is arranged between the two fixing clamping seats 3-3.
In this embodiment, the following will be described: in consideration of certain abrasion during operation of the impact diversion structure, the impact diversion structure needs to be replaced regularly, so that a flexible fixing mode is adopted. The length of the single impact flow dividing structure is larger than that of the pipeline, so that the two ends can be supported by adopting the fixing clamping seats, the displacement in the left-right direction and the front-back direction is limited, but the axial displacement is not limited, and the expansion is facilitated. The end part is covered by a tube seat to realize sealing, and the internal gap of the tube seat is filled with heat insulation materials to prevent the tube seat from overtemperature. The end part of the tube seat adopts a flange cover structure, and the impact shunt structure after abrasion can be periodically opened and replaced.
Other embodiments are the same as the second embodiment.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: a high-flow-rate solid-gas hybrid heater, wherein the accumulated ash spoiler 4 comprises a purging main pipe 4-1 and a plurality of purging pipes 4-2;
the air inlet ends of the purging pipes 4-2 are communicated with the purging main pipe 4-1, and the air outlet ends of the purging pipes 4-2 are communicated with the bottom of the inlet flue 1.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
Fifth embodiment: a high flow rate solid-gas mixed heater is provided with a manual adjusting valve 4-3 on each purging pipe 4-2.
Other embodiments are the same as the fourth embodiment.
Specific embodiment six: a high flow rate solid-gas hybrid heater is characterized in that: an electric regulating valve 4-4 is arranged on the purging main pipe 4-1.
Other embodiments are the same as the fourth embodiment.
Seventh embodiment: the purging main pipe 4-1 is provided with a flowmeter 4-5.
Other embodiments are the same as the fourth embodiment.
Eighth embodiment: the plurality of purge pipes 4-2 are arranged at equal intervals.
Other embodiments are the same as the fourth embodiment.
Detailed description nine: the plurality of purge pipes 4-2 are connected with the inlet flue 1 through the anti-abrasion castable 4-6.
In this embodiment, the following will be described: the structural characteristics of downdip of the inlet flue of the separator are fully utilized in the arrangement of the purging air structure, the anti-abrasion castable is arranged into a multi-stage step shape, and a plurality of purging pipe nozzles are arranged on the vertical face of each stage of step. The arrangement protects the purging pipe in the flue from being washed by deposited ash, and on the other hand, the horizontal step surface is also beneficial to purging the fly ash. The blowing wind of different steps is provided by the same main pipe, and the flow distribution can be adjusted through the air door, so that the air distribution is matched with the easy ash deposition area. The total blowing air quantity is regulated during operation through an electric air door.
Other embodiments are the same as the fourth embodiment.
Working principle:
1. and heating the reheat solid particles by using the hot flue gas, wherein the solid particles are directly contacted with the hot flue gas. The heat exchange area and the heat transfer coefficient are increased compared with the non-contact mode. The heat exchange can be completed in a short time. After heat exchange, the cyclone separator technology is utilized to realize the efficient separation of the gas-solid mixture and extract the heat carrier after heat absorption. High flow rate solid particle heating can thus be achieved.
2. And adding a particle flow equalizer at the outlet of the heat carrier. After the flow rate of the heat carrier is increased, the premixing effect with the hot flue gas is reduced, so that the problem is solved. And a particle flow equalizer is added at the heat carrier outlet, and the flow cross section of solid particles is increased by impacting the flow dividing structure.
In consideration of certain abrasion during operation of the impact diversion structure, the impact diversion structure needs to be replaced regularly, so that a flexible fixing mode is adopted. The length of the single impact flow dividing structure is larger than that of the pipeline, so that the two ends can be supported by adopting the fixing clamping seats, the displacement in the left-right direction and the front-back direction is limited, but the axial displacement is not limited, and the expansion is facilitated. The end part is covered by a tube seat to realize sealing, and the internal gap of the tube seat is filled with heat insulation materials to prevent the tube seat from overtemperature. The end part of the tube seat adopts a flange cover structure, and the impact shunt structure after abrasion can be periodically opened and replaced. The structure is shown in detail in figure 2.
3. An ash deposition turbulence device is arranged below the inlet flue. If the flue gas cannot timely take away the heat carrier, the heat carrier is deposited below the inlet flue in a form of accumulated ash, so that the flow section of the flue is changed, and the flow field distribution of the flue gas is deteriorated. After the dust deposition turbulence device is arranged, the dust deposition problem generated by premixing high-flow solid particles and smoke can be effectively solved.
The dust accumulation disturbing device promotes dust accumulation flow in an air blowing mode, and dust accumulation removal is achieved. The structural characteristics of downdip of the inlet flue of the separator are fully utilized in the arrangement of the purging air structure, the anti-abrasion castable is arranged into a multi-stage step shape, and a plurality of purging pipe nozzles are arranged on the vertical face of each stage of step. The arrangement protects the purging pipe in the flue from being washed by deposited ash, and on the other hand, the horizontal step surface is also beneficial to purging the fly ash. The blowing wind of different steps is provided by the same main pipe, and the flow distribution can be adjusted through the air door, so that the air distribution is matched with the easy ash deposition area. The total blowing air quantity is regulated during operation through an electric air door. The structure is shown in detail in figure 3.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (5)

1. A high flow rate solid-gas hybrid heater is characterized in that: the device comprises an inlet flue (1), a heat carrier inlet pipeline (2), a particle flow equalizer (3), an accumulated ash spoiler (4), a cyclone separator (5), an outlet flue (6) and a heat carrier outlet pipeline (7);
the inlet flue (1) is connected with the side wall of the cyclone separator (5), the top of the inlet flue (1) is connected with the heat carrier inlet pipeline (2), the outlet flue (6) is arranged at the top of the cyclone separator (5), the heat carrier outlet pipeline (7) is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separator (5), a particle flow equalizer (3) is arranged between the inlet flue (1) and the heat carrier inlet pipeline (2), and an ash deposition spoiler (4) is arranged at the bottom of the inlet flue (1);
the dust deposition spoiler (4) comprises a purging main pipe (4-1) and a plurality of purging pipes (4-2);
the air inlet ends of the plurality of purging pipes (4-2) are communicated with the purging main pipe (4-1), and the air outlet ends of the plurality of purging pipes (4-2) are communicated with the bottom of the inlet flue (1);
the plurality of purge pipes (4-2) are connected with the inlet flue (1) through anti-abrasion castable (4-6);
the anti-wear castable (4-6) is arranged in a multi-stage ladder shape, and a plurality of purging pipes (4-2) are arranged on the elevation of each stage of the steps;
the particle flow equalizer (3) comprises a flange (3-1) and a flow equalizing structure (3-2);
the flow equalizing structure (3-2) is fixed in the inlet flue (1) through a flange (3-1);
the particle flow equalizer (3) further comprises two fixed clamping seats (3-3) and a heat insulation material (3-4);
the heat insulation material (3-4) is fixed on the inner side of the flange (3-1), the two fixing clamping seats (3-3) are symmetrically embedded in the flange heat insulation material (3-4), and the flow equalizing structure (3-2) is arranged between the two fixing clamping seats (3-3).
2. A high flow rate solid-gas hybrid heater according to claim 1, wherein: each purging pipe (4-2) is provided with a manual adjusting valve (4-3).
3. A high flow rate solid-gas hybrid heater according to claim 1, wherein: an electric regulating valve (4-4) is arranged on the purging main pipe (4-1).
4. A high flow rate solid-gas hybrid heater according to claim 1, wherein: the purging main pipe (4-1) is provided with a flowmeter (4-5).
5. A high flow rate solid-gas hybrid heater according to claim 1, wherein: the plurality of purge pipes (4-2) are arranged at equal intervals.
CN202210374594.7A 2022-04-11 2022-04-11 High-flow-rate solid-gas hybrid heater Active CN114618389B (en)

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CN114618389B true CN114618389B (en) 2023-12-15

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5364446A (en) * 1989-08-09 1994-11-15 Cra Services Ltd. Heating and treatment of particulate material
US7202389B1 (en) * 1999-11-11 2007-04-10 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Flash-pyrolysis in a cyclone
CN213019611U (en) * 2020-09-07 2021-04-20 山东福源锅炉有限公司 Coal feeding anti-blocking device
CN112728530A (en) * 2021-02-07 2021-04-30 西安交通大学 Anti-blocking system for coal dropping pipe of circulating fluidized bed boiler

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150021159A1 (en) * 2013-07-19 2015-01-22 ABRI-Tech Inc. Compact fast pyrolysis system for conversion of carbonaceous materials to liquid, solid and gas

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5364446A (en) * 1989-08-09 1994-11-15 Cra Services Ltd. Heating and treatment of particulate material
US7202389B1 (en) * 1999-11-11 2007-04-10 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Flash-pyrolysis in a cyclone
CN213019611U (en) * 2020-09-07 2021-04-20 山东福源锅炉有限公司 Coal feeding anti-blocking device
CN112728530A (en) * 2021-02-07 2021-04-30 西安交通大学 Anti-blocking system for coal dropping pipe of circulating fluidized bed boiler

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