CN114601061A - 一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料及其制备方法,本发明涉及仔猪饲料及其制备领域。本发明要解决现有饲料中含有抗生素,影响肠道菌群,导致仔猪生长性能降低的技术问题。该饲料包括:玉米、46豆粕、膨化大豆、面粉、发酵豆粕、鱼粉、乳清粉、植物油、磷酸氢钙、石粉、盐、酸化剂、中草药制剂和预混合饲料。该无抗饲料具有提高饲料中营养物质消化吸收、维持肠道菌群平衡、促进畜禽生长的作用。且安全无残留、不会对环境造成污染。本发明用于制备无抗仔猪饲料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及仔猪饲料及其制备领域。
背景技术
饲料中添加抗生素的兴起使动物养殖业的发展进入一个新的阶段。过去数十年,通过饲料中添加抗生素和高剂量氧化锌、硫酸铜较好地控制了断奶仔猪腹泻,保障了其良好的生长性能。但抗生素过量、超量使用的情况严重制约我国养殖业的绿色可持续发展。抗生素滥用将导致耐药性细菌大规模爆发,耐受多种抗生素的超级细菌纷至沓来。目前,国家出台一系列政策来引导抗生素逐渐退出饲料添加剂市场,抗生素已不再适用于养殖业新体系。绿色环保的无抗养殖新体系将逐渐成为养殖业的主流趋势。然而,在饲料禁抗、限锌限铜的政策约束下,断奶仔猪肠道健康问题凸显,成为制约生猪养殖发展的核心问题。
由于当下人民物质生活水平不断提高,对食品健康也提出来了更高的要求,“饲料禁抗”的全面推进促进中草药的开发、利用。中草药饲料添加剂具有促消化、促生长、提高免疫力和抗病力等营养保健和药物治疗双重功效,且具有纯天然、低残留、毒副作用小、不产生耐药性、价格低廉等优点。
发明内容
本发明要解决现有饲料中含有抗生素,影响肠道菌群,导致仔猪生长性能降低的技术问题,而提供一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料及其制备方法。
一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,该饲料按重量份数包括:玉米500-700份、46豆粕70-100份、膨化大豆90-120份、面粉15-20份、发酵豆粕20-30份、鱼粉40-60份、乳清粉30-50份、植物油8-12份、磷酸氢钙4-6份、石粉8-10份、盐4-6份、酸化剂0.1-0.5份、中草药制剂3-6份和预混合饲料40-42份。
所述盐为食用盐(NaCl)。
所述膨化大豆要求符合《饲料原料膨化大豆》DB43/T 887-2014的标准。
所述发酵豆粕要求符合《饲料原料》发酵豆粕NY/T2218-2012的标准。
所述鱼粉要求符合国家标准《鱼粉》GB/T019164-2003的要求,且为红鱼粉。
所述石粉要求符合《饲料卫生标准》GB 13078-2017中关于石粉的要求。
所述中草药制剂按重量份数包括:黄芪8-10份、党参8-10份、丁香4-6份、秦皮4-6份、山银花4-6份和甘草4-6份;
所述中草药制剂的制备方法为按重量份数将黄芪8-10份、党参8-10份、丁香4-6份、秦皮4-6份、山银花4-6份和甘草4-6份烘干,烘干温度为50℃,然后粉碎混合。
所述预混合饲料按重量份数包括:载体麦麸5份、风味物质0.2-0.4份、抗氧化剂0.1-0.2份、赖氨酸盐0.2-0.4份、复合酶制剂0.8份、营养素0.2份、有机微量元素0.4份和微生态制剂0.2份。
所述营养素包括维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、叶酸、D-泛酸钙、D-生物素、维生素K3、碘和硒。
按重量份数,烟酸为8~30份,D-泛酸钙为5~35份,维生素为E 2.5~10份,维生素B2为2~7份,维生素B1为1~3份,维生素B6为1~3份,维生素K3为0.5~3份,维生素A为0.2~4份,碘为0.1~2份,硒为0.02~0.1份,D-生物素为0.01~0.1份,维生素B12为0.005~0.05份,维生素D3为0.003~0.03份,叶酸为0.1~0.6份;
所述赖氨酸盐为L-赖氨酸盐酸盐。
所述微生态制剂为酿酒酵母、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的混合物,酿酒酵母、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的质量比为2:1:1:2:1。
所述有机微量元素为甘氨酸铜、甘氨酸铁、甘氨酸锰和甘氨酸锌的混合物,甘氨酸铜、甘氨酸铁、甘氨酸锰和甘氨酸锌的质量比为5:20:4:12;
所述复合酶制剂包括蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶。
所述风味物质为饲用甜味剂和饲用香味剂按质量比1:1的混合;饲用甜味剂为以糖精钠和纽甜为主要成分的市售甜味剂。饲用香味剂为香草奶香为主要香型的市售香味剂;
所述抗氧化剂为乙氧基喹啉或二丁基羟基甲苯。
所述一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述该方法具体按以下步骤进行:
一、按重量份数称取玉米500-700份、46豆粕70-100份、膨化大豆90-120份、面粉15-20份、发酵豆粕20-30份、鱼粉40-60份、乳清粉30-50份、植物油8-12份、磷酸氢钙4-6份、石粉8-10份、盐4-6份、酸化剂0.1-0.5份、中草药制剂3-6份和预混合饲料40-42份;
二、将步骤一称取的玉米、豆粕、膨化大豆、面粉、发酵豆粕、鱼粉、乳清粉、植物油、磷酸氢钙、石粉、盐、酸化剂和预混合饲料粉碎后混匀得饲料混合物;
三、将步骤一称取的中草药制剂加入到步骤二获得的饲料混合物中混匀,完成。
黄芪作为常用的“扶正固本,补中益气”的药物,主要有效成分为黄芪多糖、黄芪等化合物和微量元素,可作用于多种免疫活性细胞、促进某些细胞因子的分泌,进一步发挥免疫调节作用。它对免疫抑制剂造成的免疫低下有明显的保护作用,是具有双向作用的免疫调节剂。
《本草正义》描述:“党参力能补脾养胃,润肺生津,健运中气,本与人参不甚相远。其尤可贵者,则健脾运而不燥,滋胃阴而不湿,润肺而不犯寒凉,养血而不偏滋腻,鼓舞清阳,振动中气而无刚燥之弊。......尤为得中和之正”。其性甘、平,健脾益肺,养血生津,主要用于脾肺气虚,食少倦怠,咳嗽虚喘,气血不足等。现代研究表明,党参中含有多糖、炔苷、生物碱、三萜类、苯丙素类、甾醇等化学成分,具有调节免疫、调节肠胃功能、抗氧化等多种药理作用。
丁香是桃金娘科番樱桃属植物丁香的干燥花蕾,又名公丁香,别名有鸡舌香、丁子香、支解香、瘦香娇,百里馨等,始载于《药性论》,味辛,性温,归脾、胃、肺、肾经,既是一种食药两用的中草药,又是一种名贵的香料。公丁香主要产于坦桑尼亚、马来西亚、印度尼西亚等地。丁香属于中药中的温里药,具有温中降逆、补肾助阳的功效,可治疗脾胃虚寒,呃逆叶泻,心膨冷痛,肾虚阳疹等症。丁香气雄而善行,上可达心肺“疗胸痹”(《本草汇》),下可入肝肾“疗肾气,奔豚气,阴痛,壮阳暖腰膝”,既可内服亦可外用。
丁香的现代药理作用研究主要集中在对消化***、血液***、神经***的作用,其主要成分丁香酚具有抑菌、麻醉、解热、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等多种药理活性。丁香酚特殊的小分子和渗透性以及一定的疏水性和芳香性,使其可以渗入到血管内壁参与药理作用,同时不会形成抗药性。
秦皮为常用中药,始载于《神农本草经》,列为中品,以后历代主要本草均有记载。秦皮的主要功效为清热燥湿、收涩、明目,用于热痢、泄泻、赤白带下、目赤肿痛、目生翳膜。现代药理学研究表明,秦皮有抗病原微生物、抗炎镇痛及抗肿瘤等作用。秦皮中的秦皮甲素、秦皮乙素为抑制病原微生物的有效成分。秦皮对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、变形杆菌、绿脓杆菌、宋内氏痢疾杆菌、志贺氏痢疾杆菌、福氏痢疾杆菌等致病菌均有不同的抗菌作用。
山银花系忍冬科植物华南忍冬的干燥花蕾,是《中华人民共和国药典》2000年版一部所收载的金银花四个物种之一,为华南地区“金银花”药材的主要品种,具有清热解毒、疏风散热的功效,用于治疗痈肿疔疮、喉痹、丹毒、热毒血痢、风热感冒等症。
甘草是一味重要的大宗中药材,常作佐使药入多种中药复方,味甘,性平,归心、肺、脾、胃经,具有补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药的功效。甘草中含有300多种黄酮类混合物、20余种三萜皂苷类化合物及多糖成分。现代药理学研究表明,甘草具有保肝、抗炎、抗菌、抗病毒、镇咳、抗疟,抗氧化、免疫调解等多种活性。
本发明的有益效果是:
该无抗饲料具有提高饲料中营养物质消化吸收、维持肠道菌群平衡、促进畜禽生长的作用。且安全无残留、不会对环境造成污染。
经验证,采用本发明含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料饲养的仔猪,日均采食量均有不同程度的提高,日增重有所提高;对比料肉比有所降低;整体生长性能和饲料转化率都有了改善,腹泻率也有降低,都在可控范围内,且试验猪只健康状况良好,本研究在使用中草药成分、无抗生素,提高了猪群的免疫力,在生长性能和腹泻率方面都得到了改善。
且药配比中黄芪党参使用更多的实施例所制备含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料饲养的仔猪生长性能、日增重、腹泻率方面表现最佳,推测其中的黄芪多糖与党参中的多种生物碱在肠道免疫方面发挥了重要作用。
本发明用于制备无抗仔猪饲料。
具体实施方式
本发明技术方案不局限于以下所列举的具体实施方式,还包括各具体实施方式之间的任意组合。
具体实施方式一:本实施方式一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,该饲料按重量份数包括:玉米500-700份、46豆粕70-100份、膨化大豆90-120份、面粉15-20份、发酵豆粕20-30份、鱼粉40-60份、乳清粉30-50份、植物油8-12份、磷酸氢钙4-6份、石粉8-10份、盐4-6份、酸化剂0.1-0.5份、中草药制剂3-6份和预混合饲料40-42份。
具体实施方式二:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:该饲料按重量份数包括:玉米596份、46豆粕80份、膨化大豆100份、面粉16份、发酵豆粕30份、鱼粉60份、乳清粉45份、植物油10份、磷酸氢钙5份、石粉8份、盐5份、酸化剂0.2份、中草药制剂5份和预混合饲料40份。其它与具体实施方式一相同。
具体实施方式三:本实施方式与具体实施方式一或二不同的是:所述酸化剂按重量份数为6份甲酸、2份丁酸和2份苯甲酸的混合。其它与具体实施方式一或二相同。
具体实施方式四:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至三之一不同的是:所述中草药制剂按重量份数包括:黄芪8-10份、党参8-10份、丁香4-6份、秦皮4-6份、山银花4-6份和甘草4-6份;
所述中草药制剂的制备方法为按重量份数将黄芪8-10份、党参8-10份、丁香4-6份、秦皮4-6份、山银花4-6份和甘草4-6份烘干,烘干温度为50℃,然后粉碎混合。其它与具体实施方式一至三之一相同。
具体实施方式五:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至四之一不同的是:所述预混合饲料按重量份数包括:载体麦麸5份、风味物质0.2-0.4份、抗氧化剂0.1-0.2份、赖氨酸盐0.2-0.4份、复合酶制剂0.8份、营养素0.2份、有机微量元素0.4份和微生态制剂0.2份。其它与具体实施方式一至四之一相同。
具体实施方式六:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至五之一不同的是:所述营养素包括维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、叶酸、D-泛酸钙、D-生物素、维生素K3、碘和硒;
所述赖氨酸盐为L-赖氨酸盐酸盐。其它与具体实施方式一至五之一相同。
具体实施方式七:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至六之一不同的是:所述微生态制剂为酿酒酵母、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的混合物,酿酒酵母、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的质量比为2:1:1:2:1。其它与具体实施方式一至六之一相同。
具体实施方式八:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至七之一不同的是:所述有机微量元素为甘氨酸铜、甘氨酸铁、甘氨酸锰和甘氨酸锌的混合物,甘氨酸铜、甘氨酸铁、甘氨酸锰和甘氨酸锌的质量比为5:20:4:12;
所述复合酶制剂包括蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶。其它与具体实施方式一至七之一相同。
具体实施方式九:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至八之一不同的是:所述风味物质为饲用甜味剂和饲用香味剂按质量比1:1的混合;
所述抗氧化剂为乙氧基喹啉或二丁基羟基甲苯。其它与具体实施方式一至八之一相同。
具体实施方式十:本实施方式一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料的制备方法,所述该方法具体按以下步骤进行:
一、按重量份数称取玉米500-700份、46豆粕70-100份、膨化大豆90-120份、面粉15-20份、发酵豆粕20-30份、鱼粉40-60份、乳清粉30-50份、植物油8-12份、磷酸氢钙4-6份、石粉8-10份、盐4-6份、酸化剂0.1-0.5份、中草药制剂3-6份和预混合饲料40-42份;
二、将步骤一称取的玉米、豆粕、膨化大豆、面粉、发酵豆粕、鱼粉、乳清粉、植物油、磷酸氢钙、石粉、盐、酸化剂和预混合饲料粉碎后混匀得饲料混合物;
三、将步骤一称取的中草药制剂加入到步骤二获得的饲料混合物中混匀,完成。
采用以下实施例验证本发明的有益效果:
实施例一:
本实施例一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,该饲料按重量份数包括:玉米500份、46豆粕70份、膨化大豆120份、面粉20份、发酵豆粕30份、鱼粉40份、乳清粉35份、大豆油8份、磷酸氢钙4份、石粉10份、盐4份、酸化剂0.2份、中草药制剂3份和预混合饲料42份。
所述酸化剂按重量份数为6份甲酸、2份丁酸和2份苯甲酸的混合。
所述中草药制剂按重量份数包括:黄芪8份、党参8份、丁香6份、秦皮6份、山银花6份和甘草4份;
所述中草药制剂的制备方法为按重量份数将黄芪8份、党参8份、丁香6份、秦皮6份、山银花6份和甘草4份烘干,烘干温度为50℃,然后粉碎混合;
其中烘干过程,烘干至水分含量小于14.2%;粉碎过程,要求过20目筛上物质量不超过20%。
所述预混合饲料按重量份数包括:载体麦麸5份、风味物质0.3份、抗氧化剂0.15份、赖氨酸盐0.3份、复合酶制剂0.8份、营养素0.2份、有机微量元素0.4份和微生态制剂0.2份。
抗氧化剂为市售饲用乙氧基喹啉;
赖氨酸盐为市售饲用L-赖氨酸盐酸盐;
复合酶制剂为市售乳仔猪专用复合用酶,成分包括蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶。
所述营养素按重量份数包括8~10份烟酸、20~22份D-泛酸钙、5份维生素E、5份维生素B2、2份维生素B1、2份维生素B6、2份维生素K3、2份维生素A、0.15份碘、0.06份硒、0.05份D-生物素、0.01~0.02份维生素B12、0.01~0.02份维生素D3和0.4份叶酸。
所述微生态制剂为酿酒酵母、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的混合物,酿酒酵母、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的质量比为2:1:1:2:1。
所述有机微量元素为甘氨酸铜、甘氨酸铁、甘氨酸锰和甘氨酸锌的混合物,甘氨酸铜、甘氨酸铁、甘氨酸锰和甘氨酸锌的质量比为5:20:4:12。
所述风味物质为饲用甜味剂和饲用香味剂按质量比1:1的混合。饲用甜味剂为以糖精钠和纽甜为主要成分的市售甜味剂。饲用香味剂为香草奶香为主要香型的市售香味剂。
所述一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料的制备方法,具体按以下步骤进行:
一、按重量份数称取玉米500份、46豆粕70份、膨化大豆120份、面粉20份、发酵豆粕30份、鱼粉40份、乳清粉35份、植物油8份、磷酸氢钙4份、石粉10份、盐4份、酸化剂0.2份、中草药制剂3份和预混合饲料42份;
二、将步骤一称取的玉米、豆粕、膨化大豆、面粉、发酵豆粕、鱼粉、乳清粉、植物油、磷酸氢钙、石粉、盐、酸化剂和预混合饲料粉碎后混匀得饲料混合物;
三、将步骤一称取的中草药制剂加入到步骤二获得的饲料混合物中混匀,完成。
实施例二:
本实施例一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,该饲料按重量份数包括:玉米600份、46豆粕80份、膨化大豆100份、面粉18份、发酵豆粕25份、鱼粉50份、乳清粉40份、大豆油8份、磷酸氢钙4份、石粉10份、盐4份、酸化剂0.2份、中草药制剂3份和预混合饲料42份。
所述酸化剂按重量份数为6份甲酸、2份丁酸和2份苯甲酸的混合。
所述中草药制剂按重量份数包括:黄芪9份、党参9份、丁香5份、秦皮5份、山银花6份和甘草5份;
所述中草药制剂的制备方法为按重量份数将黄芪9份、党参9份、丁香5份、秦皮5份、山银花6份和甘草5份烘干,烘干温度为50℃,然后粉碎混合;
其中烘干过程,烘干至水分含量小于14.2%;粉碎过程,要求过20目筛上物质量不超过20%。
所述预混合饲料按重量份数包括:载体麦麸5份、风味物质0.3份、抗氧化剂0.15份、赖氨酸盐0.3份、复合酶制剂0.8份、营养素0.2份、有机微量元素0.4份和微生态制剂0.2份。
抗氧化剂为市售饲用二丁基羟基甲苯;
赖氨酸盐为市售饲用L-赖氨酸盐酸盐;
复合酶制剂为市售乳仔猪专用复合用酶,成分包括蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶。
所述营养素按重量份数包括8~10份烟酸、8~12份D-泛酸钙、5份维生素E、5份维生素B2、2份维生素B1、2份维生素B6、1~2份维生素K3、0.5~1份维生素A、0.2份碘、0.06份硒、0.05份D-生物素、0.01~0.02份维生素B12、0.01~0.02份维生素D3和0.3份叶酸。
所述微生态制剂为酿酒酵母、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的混合物,酿酒酵母、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的质量比为2:1:1:2:1。
所述有机微量元素为甘氨酸铜、甘氨酸铁、甘氨酸锰和甘氨酸锌的混合物,甘氨酸铜、甘氨酸铁、甘氨酸锰和甘氨酸锌的质量比为5:20:4:12。
所述风味物质为饲用甜味剂和饲用香味剂按质量比1:1的混合。饲用甜味剂为以糖精钠和纽甜为主要成分的市售甜味剂。饲用香味剂为香草奶香为主要香型的市售香味剂。
所述一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料的制备方法,具体按以下步骤进行:
一、按重量份数玉米600份、46豆粕80份、膨化大豆100份、面粉18份、发酵豆粕25份、鱼粉50份、乳清粉40份、大豆油8份、磷酸氢钙4份、石粉10份、盐4份、酸化剂0.2份、中草药制剂3份和预混合饲料42份;
二、将步骤一称取的玉米、豆粕、膨化大豆、面粉、发酵豆粕、鱼粉、乳清粉、植物油、磷酸氢钙、石粉、盐、酸化剂和预混合饲料粉碎后混匀得饲料混合物;
三、将步骤一称取的中草药制剂加入到步骤二获得的饲料混合物中混匀,完成。
实施例三:
本实施例一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,该饲料按重量份数包括:玉米700份、46豆粕70份、膨化大豆90份、面粉15份、发酵豆粕20份、鱼粉60份、乳清粉45份、大豆油10份、磷酸氢钙4份、石粉10份、盐4份、酸化剂0.2份、中草药制剂3份和预混合饲料42份。
所述酸化剂按重量份数为6份甲酸、2份丁酸和2份苯甲酸的混合。
所述中草药制剂按重量份数包括:黄芪10份、党参10份、丁香4份、秦皮6份、山银花4份和甘草4份;
所述中草药制剂的制备方法为按重量份数将黄芪10份、党参10份、丁香4份、秦皮6份、山银花4份和甘草4份烘干,烘干温度为50℃,然后粉碎混合;
其中烘干过程,烘干至水分含量小于14.2%;粉碎过程,要求过20目筛上物质量不超过20%。
所述预混合饲料按重量份数包括:载体麦麸5份、风味物质0.3份、抗氧化剂0.15份、赖氨酸盐0.3份、复合酶制剂0.8份、营养素0.2份、有机微量元素0.4份和微生态制剂0.2份。
抗氧化剂为市售饲用二丁基羟基甲苯;
赖氨酸盐为市售饲用L-赖氨酸盐酸盐;
复合酶制剂为市售乳仔猪专用复合用酶,成分包括蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶。
所述营养素按重量份数包括8~10份烟酸、8~12份D-泛酸钙、5份维生素E、5份维生素B2、2份维生素B1、2份维生素B6、1-2份维生素K3、0.5-1份维生素A、0.2份碘、0.06份硒、0.05份D-生物素、0.01~0.02份维生素B12、0.01~0.02份维生素D3和0.3份叶酸。
所述微生态制剂为酿酒酵母、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的混合物,酿酒酵母、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的质量比为2:1:1:2:1。
所述有机微量元素为甘氨酸铜、甘氨酸铁、甘氨酸锰和甘氨酸锌的混合物,甘氨酸铜、甘氨酸铁、甘氨酸锰和甘氨酸锌的质量比为5:20:4:12。
所述风味物质为饲用甜味剂和饲用香味剂按质量比1:1的混合。饲用甜味剂为以糖精钠和纽甜为主要成分的市售甜味剂。饲用香味剂为香草奶香为主要香型的市售香味剂。
所述一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料的制备方法,具体按以下步骤进行:
一、按重量份数玉米600份、46豆粕80份、膨化大豆100份、面粉18份、发酵豆粕25份、鱼粉50份、乳清粉40份、植物油8份、磷酸氢钙4份、石粉10份、盐4份、酸化剂0.2份、中草药制剂3份和预混合饲料42份;
二、将步骤一称取的玉米、豆粕、膨化大豆、面粉、发酵豆粕、鱼粉、乳清粉、植物油、磷酸氢钙、石粉、盐、酸化剂和预混合饲料粉碎后混匀得饲料混合物;
三、将步骤一称取的中草药制剂加入到步骤二获得的饲料混合物中混匀,完成。
对比实验:
对比实验一:与实施例一不同的是:饲料成分不含有中草药制剂。
对比实验二:与实施例二不同的是:饲料成分不含有中草药制剂。
对比实验三:与实施例三不同的是:饲料成分不含有中草药制剂。
将120头保育前期的断奶仔猪(26日龄)分为6组,分别为对比实验一、对比实验二、对比实验三、实施例一、实施例二、实施例三,每个处理组6个重复,每个重复10头仔猪,保证各处理组间体重无显著差异,各栏舍环境趋于一致,保证充足清洁饮水,自由采食。饲养20天,养殖试验结果如下表所示:
表1对比实验一与实施例一养殖试验结果比较对比
表2对比实验二与实施例二养殖试验结果比较对比
表3对比实验三与实施例三养殖试验结果比较对比
表4保育前期断奶仔猪养殖试验各实施例之间结果比较对比
同列肩标字母相同者为差异不显著(P>O.05),小写字母不同者为差异显著(P<0.05),大写字母不同者表示差异极显著(P<O.01),下同。
试验结果表明,实施例1、实施例2、实施例3与各对比实验相比,日均采食量均有不同程度的提高,但无显著影响(P>O.05);日增重有所提高,差异显著(P<O.05);对比料肉比有所降低,差异显著(P<O.05);整体生长性能和饲料转化率都有了改善,腹泻率也有降低,但差异不显著(P>O.05),都在可控范围内,且试验猪只健康状况良好,本研究在使用中草药成分、无抗生素,提高了猪群的免疫力,在生长性能和腹泻率方面都得到了改善。
实施例1、实施例2、实施例3结果比较发现,其中日均采食量、日增重、料肉比没有显著变化,但是可看出实施例3改善效果较好,实施例3腹泻率有显著降低(P<O.05)。综上,实施例三在生长性能、日增重、腹泻率方面表现最佳。实施例3在中药配比上黄芪党参使用更多,推测其中的黄芪多糖与党参中的多种生物碱在肠道免疫方面发挥了重要作用。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,其特征在于,该饲料按重量份数包括:玉米500-700份、46豆粕70-100份、膨化大豆90-120份、面粉15-20份、发酵豆粕20-30份、鱼粉40-60份、乳清粉30-50份、植物油8-12份、磷酸氢钙4-6份、石粉8-10份、盐4-6份、酸化剂0.1-0.5份、中草药制剂3-6份和预混合饲料40-42份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,其特征在于,该饲料按重量份数包括:玉米596份、46豆粕80份、膨化大豆100份、面粉16份、发酵豆粕30份、鱼粉60份、乳清粉45份、植物油10份、磷酸氢钙5份、石粉8份、盐5份、酸化剂0.2份、中草药制剂5份和预混合饲料40份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,其特征在于,所述酸化剂按重量份数为6份甲酸、2份丁酸和2份苯甲酸的混合。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,其特征在于,所述中草药制剂按重量份数包括:黄芪8-10份、党参8-10份、丁香4-6份、秦皮4-6份、山银花4-6份和甘草4-6份;
所述中草药制剂的制备方法为按重量份数将黄芪8-10份、党参8-10份、丁香4-6份、秦皮4-6份、山银花4-6份和甘草4-6份烘干,烘干温度为50℃,然后粉碎混合。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,其特征在于,所述预混合饲料按重量份数包括:载体麦麸5份、风味物质0.2-0.4份、抗氧化剂0.1-0.2份、赖氨酸盐0.2-0.4份、复合酶制剂0.8份、营养素0.2份、有机微量元素0.4份和微生态制剂0.2份。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,其特征在于,所述营养素包括维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、叶酸、D-泛酸钙、D-生物素、维生素K3、碘和硒;
所述赖氨酸盐为L-赖氨酸盐酸盐。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,其特征在于,所述微生态制剂为酿酒酵母、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的混合物,酿酒酵母、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆、丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的质量比为2:1:1:2:1。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,其特征在于,所述有机微量元素为甘氨酸铜、甘氨酸铁、甘氨酸锰和甘氨酸锌的混合物,甘氨酸铜、甘氨酸铁、甘氨酸锰和甘氨酸锌的质量比为5:20:4:12;
所述复合酶制剂包括蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料,其特征在于,所述风味物质为饲用甜味剂和饲用香味剂按质量比1:1的混合;
所述抗氧化剂为乙氧基喹啉或二丁基羟基甲苯。
10.如权利要求1所述一种含中草药的无抗仔猪饲料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述该方法具体按以下步骤进行:
一、按重量份数称取玉米500-700份、46豆粕70-100份、膨化大豆90-120份、面粉15-20份、发酵豆粕20-30份、鱼粉40-60份、乳清粉30-50份、植物油8-12份、磷酸氢钙4-6份、石粉8-10份、盐4-6份、酸化剂0.1-0.5份、中草药制剂3-6份和预混合饲料40-42份;
二、将步骤一称取的玉米、豆粕、膨化大豆、面粉、发酵豆粕、鱼粉、乳清粉、植物油、磷酸氢钙、石粉、盐、酸化剂和预混合饲料粉碎后混匀得饲料混合物;
三、将步骤一称取的中草药制剂加入到步骤二获得的饲料混合物中混匀,完成。
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CN106071208A (zh) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 青阳县平云牧业开发有限公司 | 一种猪饲料的制备方法 |
CN112293593A (zh) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-02-02 | 东安绿生源种植农民专业合作社 | 一种含中草药的仔猪饲料 |
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