CN114589311A - Aluminum alloy melt flow control device and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy, a molten aluminum alloy flow control device and control method thereof is disclosed, molten aluminum alloy flow control device's honeycomb duct adopts the multistage setting, the great guide section of internal diameter is connected in the upper end of stable section, can reduce molten aluminum alloy flow and flow the degree of difficulty, and stable section adopts the equal internal diameter structure, can form stable molten aluminum alloy efflux, set up the horn mouth section in stable section exit, can avoid leading to the intense cooling metal efflux of low temperature inert protective gas around because of the metal efflux entrainment effect, be favorable to making the metal efflux after the emergence keep the superheat degree, improve atomization effect.

Description

Aluminum alloy melt flow control device and control method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, in particular to an aluminum alloy melt flow control device and a control method thereof.

Background

Aluminum alloy powder is a common material for metal 3D printing, at present, the technology for producing the aluminum alloy powder mainly comprises a vacuum induction melting gas atomization method (VIGA) and a vacuum melting turntable centrifugal atomization method, the flows of the two methods can be summarized as aluminum alloy melting, heat preservation, drainage, atomization and screening, and the main difference is the difference of an atomization principle and an atomization medium. In the atomization process flow, the tundish and the flow guide pipe are used as key parts for 'top loading and bottom loading', so that the transformation from an alloy molten pool in a smelting crucible to a low-dimensional aluminum alloy molten liquid column is realized, and the atomization production efficiency, the particle size distribution of atomized powder and the yield of atomized powder are obviously influenced.

No matter vacuum induction melting gas atomization or vacuum melting turntable centrifugal atomization, in order to obtain satisfactory target particle size powder yield, a flow guide pipe of an atomization device needs to be capable of providing a stable low-dimensional molten aluminum alloy liquid column, but molten aluminum alloy is low in density and high in kinematic viscosity, so that the flowability of molten aluminum alloy is very poor. However, although the problem can be alleviated to a certain extent by increasing the superheat degree of the aluminum alloy melt, the novel high-strength aluminum alloy added with multiple alloy components is easy to segregate, the high-temperature aluminum alloy melt is very corrosive, and the segregation of the aluminum alloy and the corrosion of equipment can be caused by too high superheat degree; therefore, it is difficult for the conventional method to further improve the atomization effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application aims to provide an aluminum alloy melt flow rate control device and a control method thereof, which can effectively improve the atomization effect.

In a first aspect, the application provides an aluminum alloy melt flow control device which comprises a smelting chamber, an atomizing chamber, a tundish, a flow guide pipe and a control system, wherein the tundish is arranged in the smelting chamber, the upper end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the lower end of the tundish, and the lower end of the flow guide pipe extends into the atomizing chamber; the guide pipe comprises a guide section, a stabilizing section and a bell mouth section which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the inner diameter of the upper end of the guide section is larger than that of the lower end of the guide section, and the inner diameter of any cross section of the guide section is not smaller than that of any cross section below the guide section; the inner hole of the stabilizing section is cylindrical, and the diameter of the inner hole is equal to the inner diameter of the lower end of the guiding section; the hole of horn mouth section is the frustum form that the little lower extreme of upper end is big, the lower extreme of stable section with the upper end intercommunication of horn mouth section, the hole diameter ratio of stable section the diameter of the hole upper end of horn mouth section is little.

This aluminum alloy melt flow control device, its honeycomb duct adopts the multistage setting, the great guide section of internal diameter is connected in the upper end of stable section, can reduce the aluminum alloy melt and flow the degree of difficulty, and stable section adopts the equal internal diameter structure, can form stable aluminum alloy melt efflux, set up the horn mouth section in stable section exit, avoid leading to the strong cooling metal efflux of low temperature inert protective gas around because of the metal efflux entrainment effect, be favorable to making the metal efflux after the outgoing keep the superheat degree, improve atomization effect.

In some embodiments, the inner hole of the guide section is a rotator with a generatrix in a straight line or a smooth curve, and the diameter of the inner hole of the guide section is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

In some embodiments, the inner bore of the guide section includes a constant diameter section and a transition section, the transition section is disposed at the lower side of the constant diameter section, the constant diameter section is cylindrical, and the diameter of the transition section is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

In some embodiments, the inner bore of the guide section comprises a plurality of bore sections, the plurality of bore sections are arranged from top to bottom, the plurality of bore sections comprise at least one of a constant diameter section and a variable diameter section, and adjacent two bore sections are connected through a transition section; the equal-diameter section is cylindrical; the diameter of the variable diameter section is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the diameter of the transition section is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the lower end of the guide section is not more than 2 mm. Thereby ensuring that a low-dimensional molten aluminum alloy liquid column with the size meeting the requirement is formed in the stable section to ensure the atomization effect.

Preferably, the length of the stabilizing section is 2 to 6 times the inner diameter of the stabilizing section.

Preferably, the diameter of the inner hole of the stabilizing section is 1mm-4mm smaller than the diameter of the upper end of the inner hole of the bell-mouth section.

Preferably, the guide section and the stabilizing section are sleeved with a heating temperature control device. Therefore, the aluminum alloy melt can be maintained to have proper superheat degree through the heating temperature control device, and the atomization effect is further improved.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a control method, which is applied to the control system of the aluminum alloy melt flow control device described above; the method comprises the following steps:

A1. acquiring target flow data of the aluminum alloy melt at the outlet of the stable section and the liquid level height in the tundish;

A2. calculating an ideal air pressure difference between the upper end of the tundish and the lower end of the bell mouth section according to the target flow data and the liquid level height;

A3. acquiring first actual air pressure data at the upper end of the tundish and second actual air pressure data at the lower end of the bell mouth section;

A4. and adjusting the air pressure of the smelting chamber according to the ideal air pressure difference, the first actual air pressure data and the second actual air pressure data.

Preferably, step a3 includes:

acquiring first measured air pressure data of a plurality of different positions at the upper end of the tundish;

calculating an average value of the first measured air pressure data as the first actual air pressure data;

acquiring second measured air pressure data of a plurality of different positions at the lower end of the bell mouth section;

and calculating the average value of the second measured air pressure data as the second actual air pressure data.

Has the advantages that:

the application provides an aluminum alloy melt flow control device and control method thereof, the honeycomb duct adopts the multistage setting, the great guide section of internal diameter is connected in the upper end of stable section, can reduce the aluminum alloy melt degree of difficulty that flows, and stable section adopts the equal internal diameter structure, can form stable aluminum alloy melt efflux, set up the horn mouth section in stable section exit, can avoid leading to the strong cooling metal efflux of low temperature inert shielding gas around because of the metal efflux entrainment effect, be favorable to making the metal efflux after the emergence keep the superheat degree, improve atomization effect.

Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an aluminum alloy melt flow rate control device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first draft tube.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second type of draft tube.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third draft tube.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a heating temperature control device.

Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 7 shows the simulation results of the change in the mass flow rate of the aluminum alloy melt with time.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a smelting chamber; 2. an atomization chamber; 3. pouring in a tundish; 301. mounting a support; 4. a flow guide pipe; 401. a guide section; 4011. a constant diameter section; 4012. a transition section; 402. a stabilization section; 403. a flare section; 4031. a truncated cone cylinder part; 4032. a top cover; 5. heating a temperature control device; 501. a cylindrical housing; 502. a heating member; 503. a heat-insulating layer; 504. a ceramic seal cover; 6. an air inlet pipe; 7. an air outlet pipe; 8. an electromagnetic valve; 9. a pressure sensor; 10. a temperature sensor; 11. a signal collector; 12. a computer; 13. and an industrial personal computer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Referring to fig. 1-5, in some embodiments of the present application, a flow control device for molten aluminum alloy includes a melting chamber 1, an atomizing chamber 2, a tundish 3, a flow guide tube 4 and a control system, wherein the tundish 3 is disposed in the melting chamber 1, an upper end of the flow guide tube 4 is communicated with a lower end of the tundish 3, and a lower end of the flow guide tube 4 extends into the atomizing chamber 2; the draft tube 4 comprises a guide section 401, a stabilizing section 402 and a bell mouth section 403 which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the inner diameter of the upper end of the guide section 401 is larger than that of the lower end, and the inner diameter (diameter) of any cross section of the guide section 401 is not smaller than that of any cross section below the guide section; the inner hole of the stabilizing section 402 is cylindrical with the diameter equal to the inner diameter of the lower end of the guide section 401; the inner hole of the bell mouth section 403 is in a frustum shape with a small upper end and a large lower end, the lower end of the stabilizing section 402 is communicated with the upper end of the bell mouth section 403, and the diameter of the inner hole of the stabilizing section 402 is smaller than that of the upper end of the inner hole of the bell mouth section 403.

This aluminum alloy melt flow control device, its honeycomb duct 4 adopts the multistage setting, the great guide section 401 of internal diameter is connected in the upper end of stable section 402, can reduce the aluminum alloy melt degree of difficulty that flows, and stable section 402 adopts the equal internal diameter structure, can form stable aluminum alloy melt efflux, set up horn mouth section 403 in stable section 402 exit, can avoid leading to the strong cooling metal efflux of low temperature inert protective gas around because of the metal efflux entrainment effect, be favorable to making the metal efflux after the emergence keep the superheat degree, improve atomization effect.

In some embodiments, the inner hole of the guide section 401 is a rotating body (where the central axis of the rotating body is the central axis of the guide section 401) whose generatrix is a straight line or a smooth curve (which means that there is a tangent line at each position on the curve, and the tangent line continuously rotates with the movement of the tangent point), and the diameter of the inner hole of the guide section 401 gradually decreases from top to bottom. For example, in the draft tube 4 of fig. 2, the inner hole of the guide section 401 is a truncated cone-shaped inner hole, i.e., the inner hole of the guide section 401 is a rotating body whose generatrix is a straight line. When the inner hole of the guiding section 401 is a smooth curve, the inner hole of the guiding section 401 is a truncated cone-like inner hole with a circumferential surface bulging outwards or concave inwards.

In some embodiments, the inner bore of the guide section 401 includes a constant diameter portion 4011 and a transition portion 4012, the transition portion 4012 is disposed at the lower side of the constant diameter portion 4011, the constant diameter portion 4011 has a cylindrical shape, and the diameter of the transition portion 4012 is gradually reduced from top to bottom. For example, the guide tube 4 of fig. 3, the inner bore of the guide section 401 includes a constant diameter section 4011 and a transition section 4012, and the transition section 4012 has a truncated cone shape. Also for example, in the draft tube 4 of fig. 4, the inner bore of the leading section 401 includes a constant diameter section 4011 and a transition section 4012, and the transition section 4012 is hemispherical. In practice the shape of the transition segment 4012 is not limited to the shape of fig. 3 and 4.

In some embodiments, the inner bore of the guide section 401 includes a plurality of bore sections, the plurality of bore sections are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the plurality of bore sections include at least one of a constant diameter section 4011 and a variable diameter section, and two adjacent bore sections are connected by a transition section 4012; the equal diameter section 4011 is cylindrical; the diameter of the variable diameter section is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the diameter of the transition section 4012 gradually decreases from top to bottom. For example, the inner bore of the leading section 401 may include a plurality of equal diameter sections 4011, each equal diameter section 4011 has a decreasing diameter from top to bottom, two adjacent equal diameter sections 4011 are connected by a transition section 4012, and the lowest equal diameter section 4011 and the stabilizing section 402 are also connected by the transition section 4012. For another example, a part of the equal diameter section 4011 in the previous example may be replaced with a variable diameter section, if the hole section at the lowest side is the variable diameter section and the diameter of the lower end of the variable diameter section is equal to the inner diameter of the stabilizing section 402, the hole section at the lowest side and the stabilizing section 402 do not need to be connected through the transition section 4012, otherwise, the hole section at the lowest side and the stabilizing section 402 are connected through the transition section 4012.

Wherein the outer diameter of the draft tube 4 generally varies with the inner diameter such that the wall thickness of the draft tube 4 is uniform (e.g., the draft tube 4 of fig. 2, 3, and 4); however, the outer diameter of the draft tube 4 is not limited to this, and only the diameter of the inner hole thereof may vary with the axial position.

In some preferred embodiments, the inner diameter of the lower end of the guide section 401 is not more than 2 mm. Thereby ensuring that a low-dimensional molten aluminum alloy liquid column with the size meeting the requirement is formed in the stable section to ensure the atomization effect.

In some preferred embodiments, the length of the stabilizing section 402 is 2-6 times the inner diameter of the stabilizing section 402. The advantages are that: on one hand, the stability of the low-dimensional aluminum alloy melt liquid column flowing out of the guide pipe 4 is obviously improved, and on the other hand, the excessive increase of the flow resistance of the aluminum alloy melt is not caused.

In some preferred embodiments, the diameter of the inner bore of the stabilizing section 402 is 1mm to 4mm smaller than the diameter of the inner bore upper end of the flare section 403. Within this range, a strong cooling of the metal jet by the surrounding cryogenic inert shielding gas due to the entrainment of the metal jet is relatively effectively avoided.

Wherein, the flare section 403 can be integrally provided with the stabilizing section 402 and the guiding section 401, but more preferably, the flare section 403 is detachably connected with the stabilizing section 402, so that the flare section 403 with different sizes can be replaced according to the change of the actual atomization process parameters, and the applicability is improved. For example, the bell mouth section 403 includes a truncated cone 4031 and a top cover 4032 disposed at the upper end of the truncated cone 4031, the top cover 4032 is centrally provided with a connection hole (see fig. 2) adapted to the stabilizing section 402, the outer surface of the stabilizing section 402 is provided with an external thread, the connection hole is provided with a corresponding internal thread, and the stabilizing section 402 is threadedly connected to the connection hole through the external thread.

Preferably, the guide section 401 and the stabilizing section 402 are sheathed with a heating temperature control device 5, see fig. 1. Therefore, the proper superheat degree of the aluminum alloy melt can be maintained through the heating temperature control device 5, and the atomization effect is further improved; the heating temperature control device 5 can also prevent the aluminum alloy melt liquid column from being solidified due to heat dissipation along the flow path at the guide section and the stable section.

In some embodiments, see fig. 5, the heating and temperature control device 5 comprises a cylindrical housing 501 coaxially disposed with the guide section 401 and the stabilizing section 402, wherein a gap is formed between the inner wall of the cylindrical housing 501 and the outer surfaces of the guide section 401 and the stabilizing section 402, and a heating component 502 (such as, but not limited to, a heating wire) is disposed in the gap. Because gaps are formed between the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 501 and the outer surfaces of the guide section 401 and the stabilizing section 402, the draft tube 4 can be prevented from contacting with the cylindrical shell 501 to transfer heat, and the heat loss is reduced. Preferably, the clearance between the inner wall of the cylindrical housing 501 and the outer surfaces of the guide section 401 and the stabilizing section 402 is 40mm-120mm (referring to the radial dimension).

Wherein, the upper end of the cylindrical shell 501 can be directly connected with the bottom of the mounting support 301 of the tundish 3, so as to avoid the heat transfer of the draft tube 4 and the cylindrical shell 501. For example, an external thread may be provided on the upper end of the cylindrical housing 501, and an internal thread hole adapted to the upper end of the cylindrical housing 501 may be provided on the bottom of the mounting base 301, through which the cylindrical housing 501 is connected to the internal thread hole.

In order to further improve the heat preservation effect, a heat preservation layer 503 can be arranged between the cylindrical shell 501 and the heating component 502, and a reflective coating can be coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 501 to reduce the heat loss of the flow guide pipe 4 through a heat radiation mode.

In some embodiments, the lower end of the cylindrical housing 501 is provided with a ceramic sealing cover 504, the middle of the ceramic sealing cover 504 is provided with a position-avoiding hole matched with the stabilizing section 402, and the stabilizing section 402 passes through the position-avoiding hole; therefore, when the guide section 401 or the stabilizing section 402 is broken to cause leakage of the aluminum alloy melt, the aluminum alloy melt can be prevented from damaging the atomizing equipment.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the molten aluminum alloy flow control device further comprises a gas inlet pipe 6 and a gas outlet pipe 7 which are communicated with the smelting chamber 1, wherein electromagnetic valves 8 are arranged on the gas inlet pipe 6 and the gas outlet pipe 7; so that the pressure in the smelting chamber 1 can be regulated by controlling the ingress and egress of protective gas (typically inert gas) through the solenoid valve 8.

In some embodiments, see fig. 1, the upper end of the tundish 3 is provided with at least one pressure sensor 9 for measuring the air pressure, and the lower end of the bell mouth section 403 is provided with at least one pressure sensor 9 for measuring the air pressure; therefore, the air pressure at the upper end of the tundish 3 and the air pressure at the lower end of the bell mouth section 403 can be measured, so that the air pressure of the smelting chamber 1 can be regulated and controlled according to the pressure difference between the two positions, the mass flow of the molten aluminum alloy at the outlet at the lower end of the stabilizing section 402 is stable, and the atomization effect is ensured. Preferably, the upper end of the tundish 3 is provided with a plurality of pressure sensors 9, and the plurality of pressure sensors 9 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the tundish 3; the lower end of the bell mouth section 403 is provided with a plurality of pressure sensors 9, and the plurality of pressure sensors 9 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the bell mouth section 403; therefore, the average value of the plurality of pressure sensors 9 can be used as the corresponding detection result, and the accuracy is improved. Furthermore, pressure sensors 9 can be additionally arranged at other positions in the smelting chamber 1 to measure the air pressure of the smelting chamber 1.

In some embodiments, see fig. 1, at least one temperature sensor 10 is disposed on the stabilizing section 402; therefore, the temperature of the stable section 402 can be measured, and a basis is provided for controlling the superheat degree of the aluminum alloy melt.

In some embodiments, the tundish 3 is further provided with a liquid level sensor (not shown) for detecting the liquid level in the tundish 3; for example, the level sensor may be a laser range sensor.

In this embodiment, see fig. 1, the control system includes a signal collector 11, a computer 12 and an industrial personal computer 13, the signal collector 11 and the industrial personal computer 13 are both electrically connected to the computer 12, the solenoid valve 8 is electrically connected to the industrial personal computer 13, and the liquid level sensor, the pressure sensor 9 and the temperature sensor 10 are all electrically connected to the signal collector 11. The signal collector 11 is used for converting electric signals of the liquid level sensor, the pressure sensor 9 and the temperature sensor 10 into digital signals and sending the digital signals to the computer 12 for processing, the computer 12 is used for generating a control instruction of the electromagnetic valve 8 according to measurement results of the liquid level sensor and the pressure sensor 9 and sending the control instruction to the industrial personal computer 13, and the industrial personal computer 13 is used for controlling the electromagnetic valve 8 to work according to the control instruction.

Referring to fig. 6, the present application provides a control method applied to the control system of the foregoing molten aluminum alloy flow rate control device; the method comprises the following steps:

A1. acquiring target flow data of the aluminum alloy melt at the outlet of the stabilizing section 402 and the liquid level height in the tundish 3;

A2. calculating an ideal air pressure difference between the upper end of the tundish 3 and the lower end of the bell mouth section 403 according to the target flow data and the liquid level height;

A3. acquiring first actual air pressure data at the upper end of the tundish 3 and second actual air pressure data at the lower end of the bell mouth section 403;

A4. and adjusting the air pressure of the smelting chamber 1 according to the ideal air pressure difference, the first actual air pressure data and the second actual air pressure data.

The target flow data is preset flow data and can be set according to actual needs. The level of the liquid in the tundish 3 can be measured by a level sensor.

Wherein, step A2 includes:

the ideal air pressure difference is calculated by the following formula:

；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the pressure difference is an ideal pressure difference,

in order to be the target flow rate data,

is a liquid level height (which is a reference level at the outlet of the lower end of the stabilizing section 402, i.e., a height from the reference level to the liquid level in the tundish 3),

is the density of the molten aluminum alloy,

in order to be the acceleration of the gravity,

as a flow coefficient of the flow guide tube (which can be measured beforehand),

the diameter of the outlet of the draft tube 4 (i.e., the inner diameter of the stabilizing section 402).

In some embodiments, step a3 includes:

acquiring first measured air pressure data (measured by a plurality of pressure sensors 9 at the upper end of the tundish 3) at a plurality of different positions at the upper end of the tundish 3;

calculating an average value of the first measured air pressure data as first actual air pressure data;

acquiring second measured air pressure data (measured by a plurality of pressure sensors 9 at the lower end of the flare section 403) at a plurality of different positions at the lower end of the flare section 403;

and calculating the average value of the second measured air pressure data as second actual air pressure data.

Therefore, the accuracy of the air pressure measurement result is improved, and the flow is ensured to be more stable.

In some embodiments, step a4 includes:

calculating target air pressure data at the upper end of the tundish 3 according to the ideal air pressure difference and the second actual air pressure data; specifically, the second actual air pressure data plus the ideal air pressure difference is equal to the target air pressure data;

calculating a deviation between the target air pressure data and the first actual air pressure data;

and generating a pressure regulating instruction according to the deviation so as to control the electromagnetic valve 8 to work, and performing air supplement or exhaust operation on the smelting chamber 1 to enable the air pressure data at the upper end of the tundish 3 to reach target air pressure data.

In one embodiment, the flow guide tube 4 of the aluminum alloy melt flow control device comprises a guide section 401, a stable section 402 and a bell mouth section 403, the inner diameter of the upper end of the guide section 401 is not less than 6mm, the inner hole of the guide section 401 is in a shape of a rotating body with a smooth curve as a bus, the inner diameter of the lower end of the guide section 401 is 1.8mm, the length of the stable section 402 is 3 times of the inner diameter of the stable section, the guide section 401 and the stable section 402 are made of boron nitride ceramic (or alumina ceramic doped with barium oxide), and the inner surface of the inlet at the upper end of the guide section 401 is coated with a silicon nitride ceramic coating so as to prolong the service life of the flow guide tube 4; the internal diameter of the upper end of the flare section 403 is 3.8mm (2 mm greater than the internal diameter of the stabilizing section 402) and the internal diameter of the lower end of the flare section 403 is 6 mm. The guide section 401 and the stabilizing section 402 are sleeved with a heating temperature control device 5, a cylinder shell 501 of the heating temperature control device 5 is a stainless steel shell, the narrowest part of a gap between the cylinder shell 501 and the flow guide pipe 4 is 80mm (radial dimension), a heat insulation layer 503 with the thickness of 10mm is arranged in the heating temperature control device 5, the heat insulation layer is made of high-temperature asbestos (the thickness of the heat insulation layer can be actually selected from 5mm to 20 mm), a distance of 10mm is formed between the heat insulation layer 503 and the heating part 502 (the distance can be actually selected from 5mm to 20 mm), the inner surface of the cylinder shell 501 is coated with a reflective coating, the upper end of the cylinder shell 501 is in threaded connection with the mounting support 301, a ceramic sealing cover 504 is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder shell 501, and the ceramic sealing cover 504 is made of alumina ceramic. The upper end of the tundish 3 is uniformly provided with a plurality of pressure sensors 9 along the circumferential direction, and the lower end of the bell mouth section 403 is uniformly provided with a plurality of pressure sensors 9 along the circumferential direction. When the aluminum alloy is AlSi10Mg, the simulation results of the time-varying mass flow of the aluminum alloy melt shown in fig. 7 can be obtained by simulation through the control of the control method, and it can be seen from the figure that the control of the aluminum alloy melt flow control device through the control method can ensure the good stability of the mass flow of the aluminum alloy melt.

The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The aluminum alloy melt flow control device comprises a smelting chamber (1), an atomizing chamber (2), a tundish (3), a guide pipe (4) and a control system, wherein the tundish (3) is arranged in the smelting chamber (1), the upper end of the guide pipe (4) is communicated with the lower end of the tundish (3), and the lower end of the guide pipe (4) extends into the atomizing chamber (2); the device is characterized in that the draft tube (4) comprises a guide section (401), a stable section (402) and a bell mouth section (403) which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the inner diameter of the upper end of the guide section (401) is larger than that of the lower end of the guide section, and the inner diameter of any cross section of the guide section (401) is not smaller than that of any cross section below the guide section; the inner hole of the stabilizing section (402) is cylindrical, the diameter of the inner hole is equal to the inner diameter of the lower end of the guide section (401); the hole of horn mouth section (403) is the frustum form that the little lower extreme of upper end is big, the lower extreme of stable section (402) with the upper end intercommunication of horn mouth section (403), the hole diameter ratio of stable section (402) the diameter of the hole upper end of horn mouth section (403) is little.

2. An aluminum alloy melt flow rate control device according to claim 1, wherein the inner hole of the guide section (401) is in the shape of a straight line or a smooth curved rotating body, and the diameter of the inner hole of the guide section (401) is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

3. An aluminum alloy melt flow control device as in claim 1 wherein said guide section (401) bore includes a constant diameter section (4011) and a transition section (4012), said transition section (4012) being disposed below said constant diameter section (4011), said constant diameter section (4011) being cylindrical, said transition section (4012) being tapered in diameter from top to bottom.

4. An aluminum alloy melt flow control device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said inner bore of said guide section (401) comprises a plurality of bore sections, said plurality of bore sections being arranged in series from top to bottom, said plurality of bore sections comprising at least one of a constant diameter section (4011) and a variable diameter section, adjacent two of said bore sections being connected by a transition section (4012); the equal diameter section (4011) is cylindrical; the diameter of the variable diameter section is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the diameter of the transition section (4012) is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

5. An aluminium alloy melt flow control device according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the guide section (401) has an internal diameter of no more than 2 mm.

6. An aluminum alloy melt flow control device as set forth in claim 1 wherein said stabilizing section (402) has a length 2-6 times the inner diameter of said stabilizing section (402).

7. An aluminum alloy melt flow control device as in claim 1 wherein the diameter of the inner bore of the stabilizing section (402) is 1mm to 4mm smaller than the diameter of the upper end of the inner bore of the flare section (403).

8. An aluminium alloy melt flow control device according to claim 1, wherein the guiding section (401) and the stabilizing section (402) are sheathed with a heating temperature control device (5).

9. A control method, characterized in that it is applied to the control system of the aluminum alloy melt flow rate control device according to any one of claims 1 to 8; the method comprises the following steps:

A1. acquiring target flow data of the aluminum alloy melt at the outlet of the stable section (402) and the liquid level height in the tundish (3);

A2. calculating an ideal air pressure difference between the upper end of the tundish (3) and the lower end of the bell mouth section (403) according to the target flow data and the liquid level height;

A3. acquiring first actual air pressure data at the upper end of the tundish (3) and second actual air pressure data at the lower end of the bell mouth section (403);

A4. and adjusting the air pressure of the smelting chamber (1) according to the ideal air pressure difference, the first actual air pressure data and the second actual air pressure data.

10. The control method according to claim 9, wherein step a3 includes:

acquiring first measured air pressure data of a plurality of different positions at the upper end of the tundish (3);

calculating an average value of the first measured air pressure data as the first actual air pressure data;

acquiring second measured air pressure data of a plurality of different positions at the lower end of the bell mouth section (403);

and calculating the average value of the second measured air pressure data as the second actual air pressure data.

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