CN114586641A - Container cultivation strong seedling substrate for grifola frondosa and application thereof - Google Patents
Container cultivation strong seedling substrate for grifola frondosa and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114586641A CN114586641A CN202210236107.0A CN202210236107A CN114586641A CN 114586641 A CN114586641 A CN 114586641A CN 202210236107 A CN202210236107 A CN 202210236107A CN 114586641 A CN114586641 A CN 114586641A
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/50—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor contained within a flexible envelope
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0293—Seed or shoot receptacles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a container cultivation strong seedling substrate for clematis glauca and application thereof. The container cultivation strong seedling substrate comprises: peat soil, perlite and coconut shell; the weight ratio of the peat soil to the perlite to the coconut shell is 55-65:10-20: 20-30. The substrate is used for cultivating the grifola frondosa seedlings, the survival rate of the grifola frondosa seedlings can be greatly improved to 87.22% at most, and the seedling height and root growth of the grifola frondosa seedlings are remarkably promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a container cultivation strong seedling substrate for clematis glauca and application thereof.
Background
Ash wood lotus (A)Manglietia conifera) Is Magnoliaceae (Magnolia) of the genus Andrographis (Mandeliaceae)Magnolia) Tall trees have neat and beautiful tree shapes and clean, white and fragrant flowers, and can be used as ornamental trees and street trees for cultivation; because the tree trunk is straight and round, the wood material is light and heavy, and is suitable for high-grade furniture and plywood. The grifola frondosa is warm, wet and fertile, is suitable for growing in northern tropical and southern subtropical regions, is originally produced in Vietnam and Indonesia, has good tree shape due to high growth speed, and has better growth performance in southern regions of China since the 20 th century 60 years when introduced and cultivated in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian and the like. The grifola frondosa has good ecological and economic benefits as a fast-growing tree species, is widely popularized and planted in south China in recent years, and has introduction tests in subtropical regions such as Zhejiang, Hunan and Anhui. The grifola frondosa seeds are suitable for being planted and sown at any time, in the process of seedling production, the seedling raising mode of the grifola frondosa in south China is mainly the traditional open field type planting and seedling raising mode, the seedlings are easy to wither and yellow, diapause and slow in growth in the early stage, the quality of plant seedling raising is reduced, the planting period is prolonged, the waste of manpower, material resources and resources is caused, the economic benefit of grifola frondosa production is greatly reduced, the planting survival rate is easy to be low due to the fact that the growing period of the grifola frondosa seedlings which miss the planting season is too long, and the afforestation effect is not ideal. The container seedling culture has the advantages of convenient transportation, convenient pre-planting treatment, high afforestation survival rate, wide application range, low economic cost and the like, and becomes a main mode for forestry seedling production and application. But the survival rate and growth of container seedlingsThe potential is influenced by various factors, such as growth environment, substrate types, substrate containers, transplanting modes and the like, particularly the substrate types play an important role in the forest seedling raising process. The method is characterized in that 6 different substrate ratios are used for cultivating 4 seedling raising tree species of Chinese toon, Japanese larch, arborvitae and Chinese pine in Duyu and Liu Shifeng, and different tree species are proved to be suitable for different seedling raising substrates, so that different tree species have different light substrate suitable types.
At present, no relevant documents which are recorded about the substrate for culturing strong seedlings in the grifola frondosa container are searched.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a container strong seedling substrate for loganlotus, which can greatly improve the survival rate of loganlotus seedlings and promote the seedling height and root growth of loganlotus.
The container cultivation strong seedling substrate comprises: peat soil, perlite and coconut shell; the weight ratio of the peat soil to the perlite to the coconut shell is 55-65:10-20: 20-30.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the peat soil to the perlite to the coconut shell is 60:15: 25.
Particularly, the container seedling culture or strong seedling has the advantages of high survival rate, no aging limit, light weight, convenient transportation and the like, and is widely applied to the field of agriculture and forestry. The invention obtains the substrate suitable for container seedling culture or strong seedling of the limelia prostrata by researching the influence of different substrate types and whether the root is broken on the survival rate, the height, the ground diameter and the root system index of the limelia prostrata container seedling.
Specifically, at present, the formula of the light matrix most suitable for the growth of the seedlings of the logania ashmead is not clear, only the zea dao male and the like in domestic reports set 6 proportions of 5 matrixes of pine bark powder, yellow core soil, forest surface soil, burnt soil and peat for container seedling cultivation experiments of the logania ashmead, and the result shows that the method is more favorable for plant growth by adding 25% -50% of the pine bark powder as the matrix in the yellow core soil for container seedling cultivation of the logania ashmead. However, the volume weight of the loess is large, and most of the container seedlings adopt peat soil with good air permeability, light weight and high water holding rate as a matrix for plant cultivation at present.
Specifically, the existing literature researches that the phoebe bournei is planted by taking a light matrix containing 60% of peat soil as a matrixPhoebe bournei) "Chipi QinggangCyclobalanopsis gilva) The indexes of the plant such as seedling height, ground diameter and the like are superior to those of other matrix culture. The reason is that part of the yersinia esculenta and perlite is added into the light medium culture medium, so that the water holding rate of the culture medium can be increased, the air permeability of the culture medium is increased, and in the growth process of tropical and subtropical trees such as the grayish lotus, the phoebe bournei, the cyclobalanopsis glauca and the like, sufficient water is needed for the plants to grow, the growth environment of the root system also needs higher air permeability, and the situations of root rot and the like are avoided.
The invention also aims to provide a cultivation container containing the container cultivation strong seedling substrate, wherein the cultivation container is made of degradable and breathable materials.
Specifically, the strong seedling substrate cultured in the container is placed in the culture container for use.
Preferably, the incubation container is made of non-woven fabric.
The invention also provides a seedling strengthening and raising method of the grifola frondosa. The method can greatly improve the survival rate of the grifola frondosa seedlings and remarkably promote the seedling height and root growth of the grifola frondosa seedlings.
Further, the container in which the cultivation is performed is made of a degradable and breathable material.
Preferably, the container in which the cultivation is performed is a container made of non-woven fabric.
Preferably, the container is a bag made of non-woven fabric, and the specification of the bag is 5-6 cm × 9.5-10.5 cm × 9.5-10.5 cm.
Preferably, the grifola frondosa seedlings are cultivated after root cutting treatment.
Furthermore, the adopted grey lotus bud seedlings are the bud seedlings after 0.5-1.5 months of sowing.
Further, the grifola frondosa bud seedlings are selected to be 5cm high.
Specifically, the grifola frondosa seedlings can be obtained by sowing, and in certain embodiments, grifola frondosa seedlings with two true leaves up to about 5cm high after one month of growth are selected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that
The container strong seedling substrate for the grifola frondosa provided by the invention is used for cultivating grifola frondosa seedlings, the survival rate of the grifola frondosa seedlings can be greatly improved to 87.22% at most, and the seedling height and root growth of the grifola frondosa seedlings are promoted.
The cultivation container for the container strong seedling substrate for containing the grifola frondosa provided by the invention is a non-woven fabric container, the non-woven fabric container is not required to be removed in the transplanting process and can be naturally degraded, the non-woven fabric seedling culture transplanting the seedlings together with the light substrate to the afforestation site, and the container removal required in the traditional plastic container seedling culture is omitted in the process, so that the risk of root system fracture and soil loosening caused by container removal is reduced or avoided, the damage of the root system in the transplanting process is reduced, the survival rate of plants can be kept to be improved, the seedling reviving period is shortened, and the labor cost is greatly saved.
Compared with the plants cultured by the conventional plastic bagged loess, clay and other methods, the container strong seedling substrate and the culturing method for the grifola frondosa provided by the invention have the defects that the root system is poor in development, roots are indented, roots are deviated and the like, so that the early water absorption and soil fixing capacity of the plants are poor, and even the plants cannot normally convey nutrients to the overground parts of the plants, so that the plants grow slowly and have poor stress resistance; according to the invention, in the research on the influence of different light substrates on the growth of the grifola frondosa, the growth of the underground root system of the grifola frondosa is related to the type of the substrate, and after the grifola frondosa grows for 4 months, the main root and fibrous root of the grifola frondosa cultured by using loess are both longer than those of the light substrate culture medium, but the number of the fibrous root is less than that of the light substrate culture medium, so that the grifola frondosa seedling plant can be more favorably rooted in the light substrate culture environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an analysis of the seedling height of the gray lotus under different seedling raising treatments.
FIG. 2 is an analysis of the groundsel herb ground diameter under different seedling raising treatments.
FIG. 3 is an analysis of the groundsel land diameter under different seedling raising treatments.
FIG. 4 is an analysis of the groundsel land diameter under different seedling raising treatments.
FIG. 5 is an analysis of the groundsel land diameter under different seedling raising treatments.
FIG. 6 shows Graham lotus seedlings sampled after 1 month of growth.
FIG. 7 shows Grateloupia acuminata seedlings sampled after 2 months of growth.
FIG. 8 shows Graham lotus seedlings sampled after 3 months of growth.
FIG. 9 shows Graham lotus seedlings sampled after 4 months of growth.
Detailed Description
The examples are given for the purpose of better illustration of the invention, but the invention is not limited to the examples. Therefore, those skilled in the art should make insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the embodiments of the present invention in light of the above teachings and remain within the scope of the invention.
In the implementation of the invention, the survival rate of the logwood lotus under different treatments and overground and underground growth data are analyzed by variance analysis, and the data analysis and mapping are completed by software SPSS 22.0 and Excel 2016.
Example 1 Graphnia transplanting culture and related data statistics
Soaking the Murraya koenigii seeds in warm water of 40 ℃ for 6-8 hours, sowing a seedbed in 2020, 10 months and 19 days, and growing for 35 days until the height of the seedbed is about 5cm, wherein two true leaves are present; transplanting to seedling container bag in 2020, 11/24 days.
The embodiment of the invention adopts two transplanting modes of broken roots and unbroken roots, and the transplanting modes are respectively planted in a light substrate non-woven fabric container bag with the specification of 5.5 cm multiplied by 10cm, the light substrate formula comprises peat soil 60%, perlite 15% + coconut 25%, and a yellow core soil black plastic container bag with the specification of 8 cm multiplied by 12 cm. Namely setting 4 different treatments, namely cutting the root of the light matrix, cutting the root of the yellow-heart soil and cutting the root of the yellow-heart soil; each 180 plants are treated, 3 times of treatment are set, 12 blocks are formed, and normal nursery cultivation measures are adopted in the seedling stage.
In the embodiment of the invention, the root breaking processing mode is as follows: the main root is cut off by about 1/3, and if the main root is 3cm long, 1cm is cut off.
In the embodiment of the invention, the nursery cultivation measure comprises the following steps:
(1) water spraying moisture-keeping device
After sowing, spraying water in a mist form by a sprayer to keep the seedbed moist, wherein the humidity is based on the principle that the surface matrix is not dry and whitish.
(2) Temperature-controlled germination acceleration
The temperature in the seedbed is controlled to be about 30 ℃ before the seeds germinate and come out of the soil, and the maximum temperature is not more than 35 ℃. After the seeds germinate and come out of the soil, the temperature of the seedbed is controlled below 30 ℃. The temperature of the greenhouse can be adjusted by adopting ventilation, wind-closing and water-spraying modes.
(3) Transplanting of seedlings
Spraying clear water on the container matrix until the container matrix is thoroughly wet, transplanting the bud seedlings with 2-3 true leaves into the container, and shading the bud seedlings in cloudy days, at night or immediately after transplanting by using a shading net with shading rate of 75-80%. Cutting off overlong radicles during transplanting, and keeping the length of the radicles to be 3-4 cm; inserting a hole with the depth of about 3cm into the center of the container by a bamboo stick, then putting the bud seedling into the hole, keeping the root system stretched, extruding the substrate to close the hole to enable the substrate to be in close contact with the root of the bud seedling, watering root fixing water in time, shading by a shading net with the shading rate of 75-80% for 10 days, and then gradually uncovering the shade. During the period, the sprayer is used for spraying water according to the humidity condition to keep the blades wet. The container bag is used for direct seeding, seedling deletion and seedling supplement are carried out in the time period, and the technical method of seedling supplement is the same as the above.
(4) Management of seedling stage
Management of water and fertilizer
After the bud seedlings are transplanted to survive, watering is carried out in the morning and at night according to the change of weather, and the substrate is kept moist. After the seedlings return to normal growth, 0.1% -0.2% aqueous solution of compound fertilizer (N: P2O 5: K2O = 19: 19) is applied every 10 days, the fertilizing amount is gradually increased along with the increase of the seedling stage, and the foliage is rinsed with water after application to avoid burning. When the seedling leaf is shrunk and falls and the growth peak appears, 0.5 percent of calcium superphosphate, urea and compound fertilizer can be sprayed and applied alternately at regular intervals. When the height of the seedlings reaches the standard of outplanting, water and fertilizer are controlled, and lignification of the seedlings is promoted. The water spraying amount of the seedlings in the growth container 2a is less for multiple times, and the growth is controlled. In winter, when the weather is likely to be frosted, the seedbed is covered by the mulching film in full package at the evening to prevent cold damage.
② graded seedling raising
When the seedlings in the container grow to 10-15 cm in average height, the seedlings are separated and placed in different seedling trays of the same specification according to the size of the seedlings, and management such as additional fertilization needs to be enhanced for the seedlings with smaller specifications.
③ changing the bag and transplanting
When 2a container seedlings are cultivated, the seedlings in the current year need to be transplanted after bag replacement, and 1a is cultivated after the bag replacement. The bag is changed and transplanted in 1-3 months of the nursery stock dormancy period. The matrix (calculated by volume ratio) can adopt 100 percent of yellow core soil.
Weed and prevent harm
Weeding: manually removing, early removing and cleaning; watering for 1 time after weeding.
And (3) pest control: the main pests are mole cricket and cricket to eat the seedlings. 0.25 kg of 57% phoxim, 1.5-2.5 kg of wheat bran and a proper amount of water are added and uniformly stirred to form a dough which is scattered on a seedbed and a footpath. When nymph is damaged, spraying organophosphorus or pyrethroid pesticide, applying 3% fluthrin granules to roots, and irrigating 1000 times of 50% octathiophosphate emulsion to roots for prevention and treatment. After survival, the mixture is regularly prevented and treated according to weather change, and the mixture is sprayed with 500-800 times of 50% wettable carbendazim solution 1-2 times a week and continuously for 2-3 weeks in high-humidity seasons.
Fifthly, hardening the seedlings
The fertilization is stopped and the sunshade net is folded up about 2 months before the seedlings in the ground container are outplanted and about 15 days before the seedlings in the overhead container are outplanted, and the water spraying times are gradually reduced (to the extent that the seedlings do not wither).
Sixth, moving, separating and pruning
The seedlings in the container placed on the ground are moved for the first time and are separated within 1 month when root systems penetrate through the black mulching film on the bed surface, and the seedlings are moved for the second time and are separated again within 1 month before the seedlings are lifted, so that the lignification of the seedlings is promoted. Before moving, the root system which penetrates through the bag and enters the soil is shoveled off by a shovel. The branched seedlings should be trimmed.
The embodiment of the invention carries out investigation on background data when transplanting is carried out for 24 days at 11 months in 2020, and the investigation is carried out once every 1 month after transplanting, wherein the investigation time is respectively as follows: 24 days 11 and 24 months in 2020, 25 days 12 and 25 months in 2020, 25 days 1 and 25 months in 2021, 24 days 2 and 25 days 3 and 25 months in 2021 (respectively noted as 0 month, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and 4 months), the investigation contents include survival rate of the grifola frondosa, seedling height and ground diameter of overground part, and indexes such as main root length, rootlet number and rootlet length of underground part of 3 investigation plants are randomly extracted.
The results are as follows:
(1) influence of different seedling raising treatments on survival rate of grifola frondosa
The survival rates of the plants under four different treatments of the broken root of the light matrix, the broken root of the yellow-heart soil and the broken root of the yellow-heart soil are shown in the following table 1 through statistical analysis.
TABLE 1 analysis of survival rates of seedlings of Clematis limeliana under different seedling raising treatments
| Treatment of | Root of light-weight substrate | Light matrix unbroken root | Root of yellow-heart soil | Root of yellow-core soil |
| Survival rate | 84.45±2.8%a | 87.22±2.1%a | 61.67±6.8%b | 51.12±11.57%b |
Note: the different lower case letters in the table indicate that there is a significant difference at the p <0.0 level.
From table 1, it can be seen that: the survival rate of the light matrix treated grifola frondosa plants is above 84%, wherein the highest survival rate of the light matrix treated without root breaking is 87.22%, the survival rate of the light matrix treated with root breaking is 84.45%, both of which are significantly higher than the survival rate of the plants treated with yellow-heart soil (p is less than 0.05), wherein the survival rate of the plants treated with root breaking by nutrient soil is 61.67%, and the survival rate of the plants treated with root breaking by nutrient soil is higher than the survival rate of the plants treated with root breaking by nutrient soil (51.12%); the survival rate difference of the lognita tree seedlings treated by the same matrix is not obvious (p is less than 0.05), and the survival rate of the lognita tree seedlings is not obviously influenced by the root breaking treatment.
(2) Influence of different seedling raising treatments on seedling height of Murraya koenigii
The observation and statistics of the high growth condition of the seedlings of the clematis glauca after being transplanted for 4 months are carried out, and the result is shown in figure 1, and can be seen from figure 1: at 0 month of transplantation, there was no significant difference in seedling height between the 4 different treatments. In the subsequent 4 months of growth period, the seedling height of the grifola frondosa plant treated by the culture medium which is the light matrix is obviously higher than that of the yellow core soil, the maximum seedling height of the light matrix without root breaking treatment is 13.79cm in 1 month, and the seedling height is 12.57cm in the light matrix with root breaking treatment; at 2 months, the height of the seedling treated by the broken root of the light matrix is the largest and is 20.17cm, the height of the seedling treated by the broken root of the light matrix is 20.16cm, and the height of the seedling treated by the light matrix and the broken root of the light matrix is about 2 times of that of the seedling treated by the unripe root of yellow core soil. After the seedlings of the grifola frondosa are transplanted and grown for 4 months, the heights of seedlings in each treatment interval are from high to low in sequence: light matrix (48.96 cm), light matrix (48.93 cm), yellow-heart soil (32.96 cm), and yellow-heart soil (25.90 cm).
From the analysis results, the height of the treated seedlings taking the light matrix as the culture medium is obviously higher than that of the yellow core soil in the early growth stage of the grifola frondosa seedlings, and whether the root breaking treatment is carried out under the culture of the same culture medium has no obvious influence on the high growth of the grifola frondosa seedlings (p is less than 0.05), but in general, the height and ground diameter of the plants subjected to the root breaking treatment are all higher than those of the plants subjected to the root breaking treatment which are not subjected to the root breaking treatment in the same culture medium.
(3) Influence of different seedling raising treatments on the groundsel of Grateloupia
The growth of the grifola frondosa in 5 months is counted, as shown in fig. 2, as can be seen from fig. 2:
during transplanting, the ground diameter of the light matrix without root cutting is larger than that of the other 3 pieces of treatment, and the average value is 0.25 cm.
In the growth period of 0 to 4 months, the ground diameter of the treated grifola frondosa seedlings of the light matrix culture medium is obviously higher than that of the yellow core soil culture medium, and whether the root is cut under the same culture medium condition has no obvious influence on the ground diameter of the plants (p is less than 0.05). In the investigation at the end of 0 month and the investigation at 1 month, the ground diameter is sequentially from high to low, namely, light matrix root breaking, yellow core soil root breaking and yellow core soil root breaking.
When the root is cut off in the light matrix at 2 months, the average increase of the ground diameter of the treated plant reaches 0.16cm, which is 0.09 cm higher than that of the plant with the light matrix without the root, 0.06 cm of the plant with the root cut off in yellow-heart soil and 0.02 cm of the plant with the root cut off in yellow-heart soil.
After 4 months of growth, the difference between the root diameter growth of the grifola frondosa seedlings growing on the light substrate and the root diameter treatment is smaller, but the root diameter growth of the grifola frondosa seedlings growing on the light substrate is larger than that of the grifola frondosa seedlings growing on the medium of loess. The maximum diameter of the light-matrix root-broken grifola frondosa seedlings is 0.51cm, and the minimum diameter of the grifola frondosa seedlings which are not subjected to root-breaking treatment by loess is 0.30 cm.
According to the analysis results, the growth amount of the plant ground diameter cultured by the light matrix is obviously higher than that of the plant ground diameter cultured by the loess in the early growth stage of the grifola frondosa seedlings, and whether the root is broken or not in the same culture medium environment has no obvious influence on the grifola frondosa ground diameter.
(4) Influence of different seedling raising treatments on the length of the main root of the grifola frondosa
The main root length of the grifola frondosa growth was investigated by randomly drawing 3 plants per month from 4 different treated plants, and the results are shown in fig. 3, from which fig. 3 shows:
the main root length of 4 different treated seedlings of the grayish lotus has no significant difference when the background of 0 month (2020.11.24) is investigated;
after the plant grows for 1 month, the main root length of the light-matrix unbroken root-treated grifola frondosa plant is obviously longer than that of the other three treatments, the main root length of each treatment is sequentially from high to low, namely the light-matrix unbroken root is longer than that of yellow-heart soil unbroken root, that of yellow-heart soil broken root is longer than that of the light-matrix broken root, and when the light-matrix treatment is carried out, the broken root treatment is 2.57cm shorter than that of the unbroken root treatment.
In the growth period of 2-4 months, no significant difference exists among the main root lengths of 4 treatments (p is less than 0.05), and after the transplanting growth of the grifola frondosa seedlings is carried out for 4 months, the main root lengths are from high to low: root is broken by yellow-heart soil, root is broken by light matrix, and root is broken by yellow-heart soil.
According to the analysis results, the light matrix is more favorable for the growth of the light matrix without root breaking in the first 2 months after the transplantation of the seedlings of the clematis griffithii, and whether the light matrix, the light matrix and the light matrix are treated or not with root breaking along with the extension of the growth period has no significant influence on the growth of the main root of the clematis griffithii, but the main root of the plant treated with the light matrix and the root breaking during the same treatment is longer.
(5) Influence of different seedling raising treatments on growth of ash lotus stamen roots
The statistics of the root length of the ash lotus stamen of the sampled sample are carried out, and the results are shown in FIG. 4:
during transplanting, the length of the 4 treated fibrous roots is between 4 and 5 cm. After the root is grown for 1 month, the length of the fibrous root of the broken root of the light matrix is obviously higher than that of the broken root of the light matrix, and the length of the fibrous root of each treatment is sorted from large to small, namely the broken root of the light matrix is more than the broken root of yellow-heart soil and more than the broken root of the yellow-heart soil. In the subsequent 3-5 months of growth period, there was no significant difference between the length of the beard roots of the 4 different treatments, and there was no obvious regularity in the length of the gray lotus beard roots in different time periods.
(6) Influence of different seedling raising treatments on the root number of ash lotus stamens
The statistics of the number of fibrous roots of the sampled grayish lotus are shown in fig. 5, and the results are shown in fig. 5:
during transplanting, the average number of fibrous roots of the root breaking treatment of the nutrient soil is obviously smaller than that of other three treatments, wherein the number of fibrous roots of the unbroken root of the yellow-core soil is 9.56 at most, and then the unbroken root of the light matrix and the broken root of the light matrix are adopted.
There was no significant difference between the 4 treated whisker counts during the growth period of 1-3 months.
And when the medium grows for 4 months, the number of the treated rootlets of the light medium broken roots is obviously greater than that of the uncut roots of the yellow core soil, and the number of the treated rootlets is as follows from large to small: the root breaking of the light matrix is more than the root breaking of the yellow-heart soil.
In the embodiment of the invention, the different treated water plants of the grifola frondosa seedlings at different growth stages are shown in fig. 6-9.
The analysis results are integrated, so that in the growth period of 1-3 months of the growth of the grifola frondosa seedlings, the number of fibrous roots of the plants under each treatment has no significant difference, and in 4 months, the fibrous roots of the plants with the light matrix and broken roots are more.
In conclusion, in the seedling culture process, the container type and specification, whether the root is broken or not and the substrate type are interacted, in order to explore the influence of different substrate types and the root breaking treatment on the growth and development of the grifola frondosa, the invention implements a grifola frondosa container strong seedling culture test, and analyzes the growth indexes such as survival rate, seedling height, ground diameter, main root length, fibrous root number, fibrous root length and the like.
The result shows that the survival rate of the plant of the kalanchoe pulchella cultured by the light medium is higher than that of the yellow core soil, which is compared with that of the yangxing Hui et al, which takes coconut chaff, peat soil and perlite as the medium and the yellow core soil as the contrast to the red vertebra: (A)Castanopsis hystrix) The results of container seedlings were inconsistent, and the survival rate of rosette with 100% loess as the matrix was 99.52% and 98.57% with the similar ratio of 60% peat soil, 20% perlite and 20% gamma-bran as the matrix in this study at two months of growth. The survival rate of the seeds without root breaking in yellow-heart soil is only 51.12 percent, while the survival rate of the seeds without root breaking in light matrix is 87.22 percent, which is far higher than that of yellow-heart soil culture. The different tree species plants have different adaptability to the light medium, and the growth adaptability of the plants should be fully investigated in the culture process, so that the suitable light medium is selected for seedling culture.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A container cultivation strong seedling substrate for grifola frondosa, which is characterized by comprising: peat soil, perlite and coconut shell; the weight ratio of the peat soil to the perlite to the coconut shell is 55-65:10-20: 20-30.
2. The container cultivation sound seedling substrate according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of peat soil, perlite and Coco is 60:15: 25.
3. A cultivation vessel comprising the vessel cultivation strong seedling substrate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cultivation vessel is made of degradable and gas permeable material.
4. A cultivating container according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the cultivating container is made of non-woven fabric.
5. A method for strengthening seedlings of Humulus scandens is characterized by comprising the step of transplanting Humulus scandens bud seedlings into the container cultivation strong seedling substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 2 for cultivation.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the container for cultivating is made of non-woven fabric.
7. A strong seedling raising method according to claim 6, wherein the container is a bag made of non-woven fabric and has a specification of 5-6 cm x 9.5-10.5 cm.
8. A seedling strengthening method according to claim 5, wherein the grifola frondosa bud seedlings are cultivated after root cutting treatment.
9. A strong seedling culture method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the selected grayish lotus bud is a bud after 0.5 to 1.5 months of sowing.
10. A strong seedling and seedling method according to any one of claims 5-8, wherein the grifola frondosa bud seedling is a bud seedling with a seedling height of more than or equal to 5 cm.
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