CN114575847B - Shallow coal seam water-retaining mining and underground reservoir construction integrated method - Google Patents
Shallow coal seam water-retaining mining and underground reservoir construction integrated method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114575847B CN114575847B CN202210250638.5A CN202210250638A CN114575847B CN 114575847 B CN114575847 B CN 114575847B CN 202210250638 A CN202210250638 A CN 202210250638A CN 114575847 B CN114575847 B CN 114575847B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012945 sealing adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for integrating water retention mining of a shallow coal seam and construction of an underground reservoir, creatively provides filling of a goaf caving zone part to reduce damage to a water-bearing layer, and provides a method for fully filling the goaf caving zone part, wherein a layer of II or III-shaped precast block is paved on a coal seam bottom plate behind a hydraulic support in a row along the inclination, the precast block is adopted and comprises a filling cavity to ensure the construction efficiency and the construction is light, and the strength can be ensured after the filling cavity is filled; the filling construction area is arranged in the return air roadway, so that the construction efficiency can be improved, the interference with coal mining is reduced, and certain self-flow can be realized by utilizing the self-weight; the designed track with a special structure can greatly improve the laying efficiency of the precast blocks and reduce the labor capacity. Meanwhile, the laid precast blocks form a bottom plate water-resisting layer, and a water-proof treatment is performed on the circumferential coal wall in a combined mode, and finally an underground reservoir is formed in the truncated cone-shaped water flowing crack area, so that the mining and underground reservoir construction are protected to be integrated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal mine water retention mining, in particular to a method for integrating shallow coal seam water retention mining and underground reservoir construction.
Background
The intensification level of underground coal mining in China is continuously improved, and the method becomes an important way for improving the safety guarantee degree, the resource recovery rate and the economic benefit of coal mines. High-strength mining is an important mode of intensive mining, but the brought surface subsidence is fast and deformation is large, and further ecological damage is needed to be solved urgently. China has unbalanced coal existence and ecological environment capacity distribution, the yield of western Jinshanmengning sweet coal represented by Shendong mining areas accounts for 3/4 of the whole country, but the areas are vulnerable to ecology and deficient in water resources, and high-intensity mining causes groundwater loss and damage, so that desertification and desertification of the mining areas and the periphery are aggravated. The ecological damage of the surface of the mining area is caused by the mining damage of a lower rock stratum and the transmission damage of an upper rock stratum and a surface layer caused by the mining damage of a lower rock stratum caused by deformation, breakage and movement of overlying strata caused by coal mining. Therefore, the basic of the ecological restoration of the mining area is to reduce the damage to the surface ecology from the mining source to the maximum extent, and the key is to fully utilize the damage rule of mining on the overburden rock and the surface to realize artificial control of damage conduction, so that the coordination of efficient restoration and high-strength mining of the surface ecology is realized. However, in the prior art, underground gangue filling mining, high water filling mining and paste filling mining which control surface damage from the source cannot meet the requirement of high-strength mining due to large filling quantity, high filling cost, complex working procedures and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for integrating water retention mining and underground reservoir construction of a shallow coal seam, which comprises the following steps:
a. planning a mining area, arranging fault with water guiding danger in a coal pillar of the section, communicating air return tunnels on two sides of a driving working face with a transportation tunnel and cutting holes, and spraying concrete on the wall surfaces of the air return tunnels, the transportation tunnel and the cutting holes and performing waterproof treatment;
b. constructing two chambers in a coal pillar between a take-up line and an ascending mountain in an upper return air roadway, wherein one chamber is used as a prefabricated block temporary storage space, the other chamber is used as a paste filling transfer station, a filling pipeline is laid from a ground construction filling well to the paste filling transfer station, and a filling construction area is laid from the filling transfer station;
c. the original mining height M of the coal seam is H, and the distance from the coal seam to the aquifer is H; determining the coal seam critical mining height Mc so that the height H of the water flowing fractured zone is higher under the critical mining height d <H; the water-flowing fractured zone is not communicated with the aquifer, and a protective layer with a certain thickness is reserved between the aquifer and the water-flowing fractured zone;
d. the working face is pushed forwards along the trend from the cutting hole, and meanwhile, precast blocks with the thickness of M-Mc are paved on the coal seam floor behind the hydraulic support and the corresponding transportation roadway floor at the lower part; the prefabricated block is in a shape of II or III, is integrally in a cuboid structure and comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and a vertical supporting plate for connecting the top plate and the bottom plate; filling cavities are formed between the vertical supporting plates of the same precast block and between the adjacent vertical supporting plates of the two adjacent precast blocks; the length directions of the laid precast blocks are arranged in a row along an inclination direction, the upper and lower adjacent filling cavities are communicated, the opening of the final filling cavity is positioned in the return air roadway, i.e. the filling construction area is arranged in the return air roadway, and all the adjacent precast blocks are subjected to sealing treatment;
preferably, the adjacent precast blocks are fixed in a joggle mode, joggle areas are arranged on the side portions of the top plate and the bottom plate of the adjacent precast blocks, and grooves and protruding blocks for joggle are arranged in the middle of the joggle areas. Furthermore, a sealing adhesive tape and a sealing groove are arranged at the upper part of the joggle joint area, a filling sealing groove is arranged at the lower part of the joggle joint area, and sealing materials are filled for sealing after the precast blocks are laid.
Preferably, the prefabricated section transports from the return air tunnel to the direction of the haulage tunnel, and each row of the prefabricated section is laid from the bottom to the top from the direction of the haulage tunnel to the return air tunnel. Further, lay the track along the trend behind the hydraulic support, the track includes the multistage, and every section track lower part is provided with the gyro wheel that can move along the trend with moving towards, and upper portion is provided with along the rolling fixed idler wheel of trend, makes things convenient for the prefabricated section to move down to preset position on fixed idler wheel, later removes each section track to the hydraulic support direction in proper order from bottom to top, carries out the laying of next row of prefabricated section.
e. D, filling the filling cavity of the prefabricated block laid in the step d, then continuously paving the prefabricated block on the bottom plate of the return air roadway and filling, and ensuring that the filling cavity is filled with paste filling materials before each time of periodic pressure;
preferably, the paste filling material is set before the cycle of pressing.
The paste filling material mainly adopts one or more of coal gangue, fly ash, washing tailings and aeolian sand as raw materials.
f. Repeating the steps until the working surface is adopted;
g. spraying concrete on the wall surface of the coal pillar close to the upper mountain side of the collection line, performing waterproof treatment, and sealing an air return roadway and a transportation roadway at the collection line to form an underground reservoir;
h. and (3) constructing a water injection well and a water pumping well from the ground to the underground water reservoir, wherein the water injection well is close to the air return roadway side, and the water pumping well is close to the transportation roadway side.
Preferably, sleeves are arranged in the water injection well and the water pumping well, and the parts of the sleeves in the underground reservoir are floral tubes.
Has the advantages that: the invention relates to a method for integrating water-retaining mining and underground reservoir construction of a shallow coal seam, which creatively provides that a goaf caving zone is partially filled to reduce the actual mining height so as to reduce the damage to a water-containing layer, water-retaining mining is realized, and the problems of high cost, high efficiency and large workload of whole filling are solved. Furthermore, the invention creatively provides a method for fully filling the caving zone part of the goaf, wherein a layer of II or III-shaped precast blocks are paved on the coal bed bottom plate behind the hydraulic support in a row along the inclination direction, the precast blocks are adopted and comprise filling cavities to ensure the construction efficiency and the construction is light, and the strength can be ensured after the filling cavities are filled; the filling construction area is arranged in the return air roadway, so that the construction efficiency can be improved, the interference with coal mining is reduced, and certain self-flow can be realized by utilizing the self-weight; the designed track with a special structure can greatly improve the laying efficiency of the precast blocks and reduce the labor capacity. In addition, the filling time is given, namely the paste filling material is condensed before the periodic pressure comes, so that the top plate is prevented from collapsing and crushing the hollow prefabricated block. Meanwhile, the laid precast blocks form a bottom plate water-resisting layer, and a water-proof treatment is performed on the circumferential coal wall in a combined mode, and finally an underground reservoir is formed in the truncated cone-shaped water flowing crack area, so that the mining and underground reservoir construction are protected to be integrated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a method for integrating water-retaining mining and underground reservoir construction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of water retention mining and the completion of underground reservoir construction;
FIG. 3 is a cross section perpendicular to the length direction of a type II precast block;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the dovetail joint area of FIG. 3;
in the figure, 1-surface; 2-an aqueous layer; 3-a protective layer; 4-section coal pillar; 5-working surface; 6-water flowing fractured zone; 7-formation caving boundary; 8-precast block; 81-top plate, 82-bottom plate; 83-vertical support plates; 84-a tenon region; 841-sealing rubber strip and sealing groove; 842-grooves and bumps; 843-filling a sealing groove; 85-filling the cavity; 9-underground water reservoir; 10-water injection well; 11 pumping well.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a method for integrating water-retaining mining and underground reservoir construction of a shallow coal seam comprises the following steps:
a. planning a mining area, arranging a fault with water guiding danger in a section coal pillar 4, communicating air return tunnels on two sides of a tunneling working face 5 with a transportation tunnel through cut holes, spraying concrete on the wall surfaces of the air return tunnels, the transportation tunnel and the cut holes, and performing waterproof treatment;
b. constructing two chambers in a coal pillar between a take-up line and an upper mountain in an upper return air roadway, wherein one chamber is used as a prefabricated block temporary storage space, the other chamber is used as a paste filling transfer station, a filling pipeline is laid from a ground construction filling well to the paste filling transfer station, and a filling construction area is laid from the paste filling transfer station;
c. the original mining height M of the coal seam is H, and the distance from the coal seam to the aquifer 2 is H; determining the coal seam critical mining height Mc so that the height H of the water flowing fractured zone 6 is higher under the critical mining height d <H; namely, the water flowing fractured zone is not communicated with the aquifer 2, the protected exploitation of the aquifer is realized, and a protective layer 3 with a certain thickness is reserved between the aquifer 2 and the water flowing fractured zone 6;
d. the working face is pushed forwards along the trend from the cutting hole, and meanwhile, precast blocks 8 with the thickness of M-Mc are paved on the coal seam floor behind the hydraulic support and the corresponding transportation roadway floor at the lower part; the precast block 8 is in a shape of 'II' or 'III', is integrally in a cuboid structure and comprises a top plate 81, a bottom plate 82 and a vertical supporting plate 83 for connecting the top plate and the bottom plate; filling cavities 85 are formed between the vertical supporting plates 83 of the same precast block and between the adjacent vertical supporting plates 83 of the two adjacent precast blocks; the length direction of the laid precast blocks is arranged in a row along the inclination, the upper and lower adjacent filling cavities 85 are communicated, the opening of the final filling cavity is positioned in the return air roadway, the other opening is sealed in the transportation roadway, the filling construction area is arranged in the return air roadway, and all the adjacent precast blocks are sealed;
preferably, the adjacent prefabricated blocks 85 are fixed by joggle joint, including row-to-row and column-to-column (inclined to row, oriented to row); specifically, the side portions of the top plate 81 and the bottom plate 82 of the adjacent precast block are provided with a joggle area 84, and the middle portion of the joggle area is provided with a groove and a bump 842 for joggling. Furthermore, a sealing rubber strip and a sealing groove 841 are arranged at the upper part of the joggle joint area, and a filling sealing groove 843 is arranged at the lower part of the joggle joint area, and is used for filling sealing materials for sealing after the precast block is laid.
Preferably, the precast blocks are transported from the return air roadway to the transport roadway, and each row of precast blocks is paved from bottom to top from the transport roadway to the return air roadway; further, a track along the inclination is laid behind the hydraulic support, the track comprises multiple sections, the lower portion of each section of track is provided with a roller capable of moving along the inclination and the trend, the upper portion of each section of track is provided with a fixed roller capable of rolling along the inclination, the precast blocks can conveniently move downwards to a preset position along the fixed rollers, and then each section of track is sequentially moved towards the hydraulic support from bottom to top to lay the next row of precast blocks.
e. C, filling the filling cavity of the prefabricated block laid in the step d, then continuously laying the prefabricated block on the bottom plate of the return air roadway and filling, and ensuring that paste filling materials are filled into the filling cavity 85 before periodic pressure is applied every time;
preferably, the paste filling material is set before the cycle of pressing.
Preferably, the paste filling material mainly adopts coal gangue, fly ash, washing tailings, aeolian sand and the like as raw materials.
f. Repeating the steps until the working surface is picked;
g. the method comprises the steps that concrete is sprayed on the wall surface of a coal pillar, close to the upper mountain side, of a collection line and waterproof treatment is carried out on the wall surface, the air return roadway and the transportation roadway are sealed at the collection line, so that an underground reservoir 9 is formed, the lower portion of the underground reservoir is a prefabricated block, the lower side boundary of the side portion is the wall surface of the coal pillar, sprayed with the concrete and subjected to waterproof treatment, the upper side boundary of the side portion is a rock stratum collapse boundary 7, and the top boundary is a protective layer bottom plate, namely the top surface of a water diversion fracture area;
h. a water injection well 10 and a water pumping well 11 are constructed from the ground 1 to the underground reservoir 9, the water injection well 10 is close to the return airway side, the water pumping well 11 is close to the transportation airway side, and therefore water can be filtered through broken rocks in the underground reservoir.
Preferably, sleeves are arranged in the water injection well 10 and the water pumping well 11, and the parts of the sleeves in the underground reservoir are floral tubes.
Claims (5)
1. A method for integrating water retention mining and underground reservoir construction of a shallow coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. planning a mining area, arranging fault with water guiding danger in a coal pillar of the section, communicating air return tunnels on two sides of a driving working face with a transportation tunnel and cutting holes, and spraying concrete on the wall surfaces of the air return tunnels, the transportation tunnel and the cutting holes and performing waterproof treatment;
b. constructing two chambers in a coal pillar between a take-up line and an ascending mountain in an upper return air roadway, wherein one chamber is used as a prefabricated block temporary storage space, the other chamber is used as a paste filling transfer station, a filling pipeline is laid from a ground construction filling well to the paste filling transfer station, and a filling construction area is laid from the filling transfer station;
c. the original mining height M of the coal seam is H, and the distance from the coal seam to the aquifer is H; determining the critical mining height of the coal bed to be Mc, so that the height H of the water flowing fracture area under the critical mining height d <H; the water-flowing fractured zone is not communicated with the aquifer, and a protective layer with a certain thickness is reserved between the aquifer and the water-flowing fractured zone;
d. the working face is pushed forwards along the trend from the cutting hole, and meanwhile, precast blocks with the thickness of M-Mc are paved on the coal seam floor behind the hydraulic support and the corresponding transportation roadway floor at the lower part; the prefabricated block is in a shape of II or III, is integrally in a cuboid structure and comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and a vertical supporting plate for connecting the top plate and the bottom plate; filling cavities are formed between the vertical supporting plates of the same precast block and between the adjacent vertical supporting plates of the two adjacent precast blocks; the length direction of the laid precast blocks is arranged in a row along the coal seam inclination, the upper and lower adjacent filling cavities are communicated, the opening of the final filling cavity is positioned in the air return roadway, namely, the filling construction area is arranged in the air return roadway, and all the adjacent precast blocks are sealed;
e. d, filling the filling cavity of the prefabricated block laid in the step d, then continuously paving the prefabricated block on the bottom plate of the return air roadway and filling, and ensuring that paste filling materials are filled into the filling cavity before periodic pressure is applied every time;
f. repeating the steps until the working surface is picked;
g. spraying concrete on the wall surface of the coal pillar close to the upper mountain side of the collection line, performing waterproof treatment, and sealing an air return roadway and a transportation roadway at the collection line to form an underground reservoir;
h. and (3) constructing a water injection well and a water pumping well from the ground to the underground water reservoir, wherein the water injection well is close to the air return roadway side, and the water pumping well is close to the transportation roadway side.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step d, the adjacent prefabricated blocks are fixed in a joggle mode, the side parts of the top plate and the bottom plate of the adjacent prefabricated blocks are provided with joggle areas, the middle parts of the joggle areas are provided with grooves and protrusions for joggling, the upper parts of the joggle areas are provided with sealing rubber strips and sealing grooves, the lower parts of the joggle areas are provided with filling sealing grooves, and the prefabricated blocks are filled with sealing materials for sealing after being laid.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the paste-fill material is allowed to set before the periodic pressurization in step e.
4. The method for integrating water conservation exploitation of a shallow coal seam with construction of an underground reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step e, the paste filling material is one or more of coal gangue, fly ash, washing tailings and aeolian sand.
5. The method for integrating water conservation exploitation with an underground reservoir of a shallow coal seam as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step h, sleeves are arranged in the water injection well and the water pumping well, and the part of the sleeves in the underground reservoir is floral tubes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210250638.5A CN114575847B (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Shallow coal seam water-retaining mining and underground reservoir construction integrated method |
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| CN202210250638.5A CN114575847B (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Shallow coal seam water-retaining mining and underground reservoir construction integrated method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| SU1710747A1 (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1992-02-07 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт горной геомеханики и маркшейдерского дела | Method of making artificial water basin on coal-bearing area |
| US9371185B2 (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2016-06-21 | China Shenhua Energy Company Limited | Method for distributed storage and use of underground water in mine |
| CN104929639A (en) * | 2015-05-23 | 2015-09-23 | 西安科技大学 | Flexible strip-filled water-protection mining method |
| CN109139109A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2019-01-04 | 缪协兴 | A kind of method on the artificial water storage stratum of solid filling coal-mining technique |
| CN109236373B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2024-04-16 | 清华大学 | Universal coal mine underground reservoir and construction method thereof |
| CN109209481A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-15 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Crack grouting charge for remittance method is developed around a kind of goaf |
| CN112096380B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2022-05-17 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | High-strength mining rock stratum migration grouting control and grouting amount calculation method |
| CN111577280B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-04-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Mining area multi-layer water resource collaborative protective mining method |
| CN114017108B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2024-02-02 | 河南理工大学 | Gangue functional type partial filling coal mine underground reservoir |
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