CN114574161A - Friction material for brake pad - Google Patents
Friction material for brake pad Download PDFInfo
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- CN114574161A CN114574161A CN202210318119.8A CN202210318119A CN114574161A CN 114574161 A CN114574161 A CN 114574161A CN 202210318119 A CN202210318119 A CN 202210318119A CN 114574161 A CN114574161 A CN 114574161A
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- graphene
- parts
- brake pad
- friction material
- friction
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- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GMPXKQWBQHVHMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azido 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)ON=[N+]=[N-] GMPXKQWBQHVHMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GFHNAMRJFCEERV-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt chloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GFHNAMRJFCEERV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 alkynyl graphene Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BSULWPSUVMOMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azidoethanol Chemical compound OCCN=[N+]=[N-] BSULWPSUVMOMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021589 Copper(I) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- NKNDPYCGAZPOFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(i) bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu] NKNDPYCGAZPOFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacryloyl chloride Chemical compound CC(=C)C(Cl)=O VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-yn-1-ol Chemical compound OCC#C TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910006124 SOCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Substances ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HIZCIEIDIFGZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-L trithiocarbonate Chemical compound [S-]C([S-])=S HIZCIEIDIFGZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012989 trithiocarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910021344 molybdenum silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003831 antifriction material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N AIBN Substances N#CC(C)(C)\N=N\C(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethyldiethylenetriamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)CCN(C)C UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012673 precipitation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/149—Antislip compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1436—Composite particles, e.g. coated particles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The scheme relates to a friction material for a brake pad, which comprises the following raw materials: graphene-carbon fiber composite materials, polyacrylonitrile fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers, phenolic resins, fillers, titanate coupling agents, molybdenum disulfide and silicide whiskers; the graphene-carbon fiber composite material is obtained by introducing abundant nitrogen elements on the surface of graphene through a click chemical reaction, grafting polyacrylonitrile on the surface of the graphene through a free radical polymerization reaction, and finally embedding metal particles in a carbonization process. The friction material provided by the invention can be used for preparing a brake pad, the strength of the brake pad is improved by taking phenolic resin as a binder, acrylonitrile fiber, aramid fiber and glass fiber, and molybdenum disulfide and silicide whiskers as an anti-friction agent, so that the friction material has a lubricating effect and stabilizes the friction coefficient; the graphene-carbon fiber composite material further improves the strength, wear resistance and high temperature resistance of the material; the friction stability of the brake pad at high temperature can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction materials, in particular to a friction material for a brake pad.
Background
Friction is a physical phenomenon that has advantages and disadvantages in real life, such as the need to reduce energy loss by reducing friction when the machine is running; friction is required in vehicle braking. The brake pad is an important part in the automobile, and plays a significant role in the automobile braking process. The brake pad made of the friction material should have excellent performances such as stable friction coefficient, low wear rate and the like.
In the friction material, the carbon fiber has excellent performances of high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance and the like, and the brake pad made of the carbon fiber has light weight and strong impact resistance. The chopped carbon fiber is formed by cutting carbon fiber filaments by a fiber cutting machine, and the basic performance of the chopped carbon fiber is mainly determined by the performance of the carbon fiber filaments. The chopped carbon fibers have the advantages of uniform dispersion, simple process and the like, can be applied to special fields unsuitable for carbon fiber filaments, and have the advantages of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, light weight and the like. However, the smooth surface of the fiber without active functional groups makes it poor in adhesion property when reinforcing composite materials, and cannot well exert the advantages of the chopped carbon fiber itself. At present, the modification of the chopped carbon fiber mainly focuses on the treatment of the surface of the fiber so as to improve the strength of the fiber. Therefore, the wear resistance of the carbon fiber is expected to be improved through organic and inorganic chemical modification, so that the carbon fiber can meet the performance requirements of the automobile brake pad.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention designs a novel nitrogen-containing precursor material based on graphene oxide to carry out organic and inorganic chemical modification on conventional chopped carbon fibers, the prepared material has high strength and high wear resistance, and the friction material for the brake pad can be prepared after the material is mixed with phenolic resin, filler and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a friction material for a brake pad comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of graphene-carbon fiber composite material, 2-3 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 5-15 parts of aramid fiber, 5-15 parts of glass fiber, 5-25 parts of phenolic resin, 10-30 parts of filler, 0.1-0.5 part of titanate coupling agent, 0.1-0.3 part of molybdenum disulfide and 3-6 parts of silicide whisker;
the preparation process of the graphene-carbon fiber composite material comprises the following steps:
1) using SOCl2Activating graphene oxide, then reacting with propargyl alcohol to introduce an active group alkynyl on the surface of the graphene to obtain an alkynyl graphene;
2) preparing azido methacrylate by esterification reaction of 2-azido ethanol and methacryloyl chloride;
3) carrying out click chemical reaction on alkynyl graphene and azido methacrylate under the catalysis of cuprous bromide to prepare modified graphene oxide;
4) ultrasonically dispersing modified graphene oxide in tetrahydrofuran, introducing nitrogen for bubbling for half an hour, and then carrying out free radical polymerization with acrylonitrile under the protection of nitrogen under the initiation of azodiisobutyl to form a composite spinning solution;
5) soaking the chopped carbon fibers in the composite spinning solution, and adding a certain amount of cobalt chloride hexahydrate aqueous solution; heating and refluxing for 1h, then replacing a distillation head to remove the solvent, carrying out pre-oxidation treatment on the mixture at 150-200 ℃, then heating to 500-800 ℃ for heat treatment for 30min under the protection of inert gas, and then heating to 1000-1200 ℃ for heat treatment for 10-20 min.
Further, the mass ratio of the alkynyl graphene to the azido methacrylate is 2-8: 1.
Further, the mass ratio of the modified graphene oxide to acrylonitrile is 1: 8-12, and the molar ratio of the trithioester, the azodiisobutyl group and the acrylonitrile is 1:0.2: 20-100.
Further, the chopped carbon fibers are aramid-based carbon fibers.
Further, the chopped carbon fibers are pretreated before being used, and the treatment process comprises the steps of soaking the chopped carbon fibers in ethanol for a period of time, heating and stirring the soaked chopped carbon fibers in a mixed solution of nitric acid and sulfuric acid for 1-2 hours, washing the soaked chopped carbon fibers with water to be neutral, and drying the soaked chopped carbon fibers in vacuum.
Further, the mass ratio of the chopped carbon fibers, the cobalt chloride hexahydrate and the modified graphene oxide is 6-10: 1-3: 0.5-1.
Further, the filler comprises a plurality of compositions of mica, vermiculite, aragonite and chromium ore powder.
In the scheme, the phenolic resin, the filler, the titanate coupling agent, the molybdenum disulfide and the silicide whisker are common raw materials for preparing the friction material of the brake pad, and have the functions of adhesion, filling and friction reduction; acrylonitrile fiber, aramid fiber and glass fiber form a carbon fiber collective material, and a small amount of graphene-carbon fiber composite material is added to improve the wear resistance of the carbon fiber.
Specifically, the scheme introduces abundant nitrogen elements on the surface of graphene through a click chemical reaction, and simultaneously utilizes terminal double bonds and acrylonitrile to enable polyacrylonitrile grafted on the surface of the graphene to have controllable molecular weight and molecular weight distribution through controllable free radical polymerization, so that the polyacrylonitrile has more stable processing performance, and polymer chains are arranged in an oriented manner in the subsequent carbonization process, so that the tensile strength is effectively improved; the nitrogen element is removed in the carbonization process, so that pores and air holes are generated, metal particles enter the pores and the air holes, the porosity is gradually reduced after further high-temperature treatment, the density is improved, the metal particles are tightly combined with the carbon fiber material, and the wear resistance and the heat resistance of the composite material can be effectively improved by the cobalt metal particles; the aramid fiber is used as a chopped carbon fiber base material, has high strength and high heat resistance, is subjected to oxidation treatment before being immersed in the composite spinning solution, so that oxygen-containing active functional groups are generated on the surface of the fiber, and generates interface interaction with polyacrylonitrile grafted modified graphene oxide in the composite spinning solution, thereby having a good effect of improving the mechanical properties of the material.
Therefore, in the friction material, the strength and the hardness of the composite material can be effectively improved by adding a small amount of the graphene-carbon fiber composite material, and the attenuation of the dynamic friction factor is reduced, so that the abrasion loss can be reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the friction material provided by the invention can be used for preparing a brake pad, the strength of the brake pad is improved by taking phenolic resin as a binder, acrylonitrile fiber, aramid fiber and glass fiber, and molybdenum disulfide and silicide whisker are taken as friction reducers, so that the friction material has a lubricating effect and stabilizes the friction coefficient; the graphene-carbon fiber composite material further improves the strength, wear resistance and high temperature resistance of the material; the friction stability of the brake pad at high temperature can be effectively improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention provides a friction material for a brake pad, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of graphene-carbon fiber composite material, 2-3 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 5-15 parts of aramid fiber, 5-15 parts of glass fiber, 5-25 parts of phenolic resin, 10-30 parts of filler, 0.1-0.5 part of titanate coupling agent, 0.1-0.3 part of molybdenum disulfide and 3-6 parts of silicide whisker;
the graphene-carbon fiber composite material is prepared by the scheme, and other raw materials are common materials in the field and can be obtained commercially; the preparation process of the graphene-carbon fiber composite material comprises the following steps:
firstly, graphene oxide is prepared according to a modified Hummers method, and then SOCl is utilized at 70 DEG C2Heating and refluxing the acyl chloride graphene and graphene oxide for 24 hours to obtain acyl chloride graphene, and then carrying out esterification reaction with propargyl alcohol at room temperature for 24 hours to introduce an active group alkynyl on the surface of the graphene to obtain an alkynylated graphene;
2) adding 5mmol of 2-azido ethanol and 50ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran into a reaction bottle, adding 10mmol of triethylamine, placing the reaction bottle in an ice water bath for magnetic stirring, diluting 10mmol of methacryloyl chloride with 10ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran uniformly, slowly dropwise adding into the reaction bottle, keeping stirring in the ice water bath for 4 hours, moving the reaction bottle to room temperature, stirring overnight, carrying out reduced pressure distillation, and separating to obtain azido methacrylate;
3) dispersing 1g of alkynyl graphene in 40ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, adding 1g of azido methacrylate, 0.2g of cuprous bromide and 0.5ml of pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, reacting for 12h at 50 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and flushing insoluble substances with methanol after the reaction is finished to obtain modified graphene oxide;
4) ultrasonically dispersing modified graphene oxide in tetrahydrofuran, introducing nitrogen for bubbling for half an hour, and then carrying out free radical polymerization with acrylonitrile under the protection of nitrogen under the initiation of azodiisobutyl to form a composite spinning solution;
the mass ratio of the modified graphene oxide to acrylonitrile is 1: 8-12, and the molar ratio of the trithioester, the azodiisobutyl group and the acrylonitrile is 1:0.2: 20-100.
The structural formula of the trithioester is shown in the specification
Reference is made to J.Polym.Sci.part A: Polym.Chem.,2010,48, 3573-3580.
5) Soaking the chopped carbon fibers in the composite spinning solution, and adding a certain amount of cobalt chloride hexahydrate aqueous solution; heating and refluxing for 1h, then changing a distillation head to remove the solvent, carrying out pre-oxidation treatment on the mixture at 150-200 ℃, then heating to 500-800 ℃ for heat treatment for 30min under the protection of inert gas, and then heating to 1000-1200 ℃ for heat treatment for 10-20 min.
Example 1:
the graphene-carbon fiber composite material is prepared according to the preparation method, wherein the mass ratio of the modified graphene oxide to the acrylonitrile is 1:8, and the molar ratio of the trithioester, the azodiisobutyl group and the acrylonitrile is 1:0.2: 50. The mass ratio of the chopped carbon fibers, the cobalt chloride hexahydrate and the modified graphene oxide is 6:1: 0.5.
The friction material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of graphene-carbon fiber composite material, 2 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 7 parts of aramid fiber, 15 parts of glass fiber, 20 parts of phenolic resin, 22 parts of filler, 0.1 part of titanate coupling agent, 0.2 part of molybdenum disulfide and 3 parts of silicide whisker.
Example 2:
the graphene-carbon fiber composite material is prepared according to the preparation method, wherein the mass ratio of the modified graphene oxide to the acrylonitrile is 1:10, and the molar ratio of the trithioester, the azodiisobutyl group and the acrylonitrile is 1:0.2: 50. The mass ratio of the chopped carbon fibers, the cobalt chloride hexahydrate and the modified graphene oxide is 8:2: 0.5.
The friction material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of graphene-carbon fiber composite material, 3 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 10 parts of aramid fiber, 10 parts of glass fiber, 23 parts of phenolic resin, 24 parts of filler, 0.2 part of titanate coupling agent, 0.3 part of molybdenum disulfide and 4 parts of silicide whisker.
Example 3:
the graphene-carbon fiber composite material is prepared according to the preparation method, wherein the mass ratio of the modified graphene oxide to the acrylonitrile is 1:12, and the molar ratio of the trithiocarbonate, the azodiisobutyl group and the acrylonitrile is 1:0.2: 80. The mass ratio of the chopped carbon fibers, the cobalt chloride hexahydrate and the modified graphene oxide is 10:3: 1.
The friction material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of graphene-carbon fiber composite material, 2 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 15 parts of aramid fiber, 13 parts of glass fiber, 25 parts of phenolic resin, 28 parts of filler, 0.5 part of titanate coupling agent, 0.3 part of molybdenum disulfide and 5 parts of silicide whisker.
Comparative example 1:
the friction material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0 part of graphene-carbon fiber composite material, 2 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 15 parts of aramid fiber, 13 parts of glass fiber, 25 parts of phenolic resin, 28 parts of filler, 0.5 part of titanate coupling agent, 0.3 part of molybdenum disulfide and 5 parts of silicide whisker.
Comparative example 2:
the graphene-carbon fiber composite material is prepared according to the preparation method, wherein the modified graphene oxide is prepared by directly carrying out a grafting reaction on graphene oxide and acrylonitrile (the polymerization process can be an in-situ solution polymerization method or an in-situ precipitation polymerization method, and the like, for example, the graphene oxide can be directly dispersed in dimethyl sulfoxide, AIBN and acrylonitrile are added, and the mixture is stirred and reacted for 12 hours at 60 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen), and the rest conditions are the same as in example 1.
The friction material can be obtained by uniformly mixing all components for forming the friction material according to a formula; the present application is not particularly limited to the method of mixing the composition. The friction material prepared by mixing can be used for preparing a brake pad, and the preparation process is a hot press molding technology known in the art, and the scheme is not repeated.
Testing the friction coefficient and the wear rate of the brake pad according to the GB/T5763-2008 standard; the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Testing the hardness of the brake pad according to the GB/T5766-2006 standard; the flexural strength of the brake pads was tested according to the GB/T1449-2005 standard and the results are reported in Table 2.
TABLE 2
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
| Hardness of | 83.2 | 80.1 | 84.4 | 71.3 | 75.5 |
| Bending strength MPa | 112.33 | 107.25 | 110.84 | 86.54 | 88.11 |
| Compressive strength MPa | 190.22 | 183.45 | 187.36 | 144.55 | 152.31 |
As can be seen from the data in tables 1 and 2, the friction coefficient of the brake pad prepared from the friction material provided by the scheme is 0.36-0.43, and the friction performance and the mechanical property are greatly improved compared with the brake pad without the graphene-carbon fiber composite material.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in all kinds of fields of application of the invention, and further modifications may readily be effected by those skilled in the art, so that the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The friction material for the brake pad is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of graphene-carbon fiber composite material, 2-3 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 5-15 parts of aramid fiber, 5-15 parts of glass fiber, 5-25 parts of phenolic resin, 10-30 parts of filler, 0.1-0.5 part of titanate coupling agent, 0.1-0.3 part of molybdenum disulfide and 3-6 parts of silicide whisker;
the preparation process of the graphene-carbon fiber composite material comprises the following steps:
1) using SOCl2Activating graphene oxide, then reacting with propargyl alcohol to introduce an active group alkynyl on the surface of the graphene to obtain an alkynyl graphene;
2) preparing azido methacrylate by esterification reaction of 2-azido ethanol and methacryloyl chloride;
3) carrying out click chemical reaction on alkynyl graphene and azido methacrylate under the catalysis of cuprous bromide to prepare modified graphene oxide;
4) ultrasonically dispersing modified graphene oxide in tetrahydrofuran, introducing nitrogen for bubbling for half an hour, and then carrying out free radical polymerization with acrylonitrile under the protection of nitrogen under the initiation of trithiocarbonate and azobisisobutyl to form a composite spinning solution;
5) soaking the chopped carbon fibers in the composite spinning solution, and adding a certain amount of cobalt chloride hexahydrate aqueous solution; heating and refluxing for 1h, then replacing a distillation head to remove the solvent, carrying out pre-oxidation treatment on the mixture at 150-200 ℃, then heating to 500-800 ℃ for heat treatment for 30min under the protection of inert gas, and then heating to 1000-1200 ℃ for heat treatment for 10-20 min; cooling to obtain the product.
2. The friction material for a brake pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the alkynylated graphene to the azido methacrylate is 2-8: 1.
3. The friction material for a brake pad according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the modified graphene oxide to acrylonitrile is 1:8 to 12, and the molar ratio of the trithioester and the azobisisobutyl group to acrylonitrile is 1:0.2:20 to 100.
4. The friction material for brake pads as claimed in claim 1 wherein said chopped carbon fibers are aramid-based carbon fibers.
5. The friction material for the brake pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chopped carbon fibers are pre-treated before use, and the treatment process comprises soaking the chopped carbon fibers in ethanol for a period of time, then heating and stirring in a mixed solution of nitric acid and sulfuric acid for 1-2 hours, finally washing with water to neutrality, and vacuum drying.
6. The friction material for a brake pad according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the chopped carbon fibers, the cobalt chloride hexahydrate and the modified graphene oxide is 6-10: 1-3: 0.5-1.
7. The friction material for a brake pad according to claim 1, wherein the filler comprises a combination of mica, vermiculite, aragonite, chrome ore powder.
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