CN109233206B - Preparation method of plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material with friction and wear resistance - Google Patents
Preparation method of plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material with friction and wear resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109233206B CN109233206B CN201811039553.2A CN201811039553A CN109233206B CN 109233206 B CN109233206 B CN 109233206B CN 201811039553 A CN201811039553 A CN 201811039553A CN 109233206 B CN109233206 B CN 109233206B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/61—Polyamines polyimines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a friction and wear resistant natural fiber/epoxy resin composite material. Chopping plant fibers, adding the chopped plant fibers into a polyethyleneimine water solution, treating the plant fibers by magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment, taking out the plant fibers, and filtering; adding the filtered plant fiber into the aqueous solution of the graphite oxide micro-sheets, performing magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment, taking out, filtering and drying to obtain modified plant fiber; the epoxy resin and the curing agent are initially mixed according to the proportion under the mechanical stirring at normal temperature, then the modified plant fiber obtained in the step two is added, and then the mixture is led into a mould to be pre-cured in an ultrasonic water bath and then cured; and cooling to normal temperature after solidification, and taking out the sample strip to obtain the plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material. The plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material has good mechanical property, can effectively reduce the friction coefficient and the wear rate of the plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material and metal friction materials, and can effectively reduce the temperature of a friction surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material manufacturing, and relates to a preparation method of a plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material with friction and wear resistance.
Technical Field
The plant fiber has small density, low price, rich resources and regeneration, is widely applied to textile materials and fuels, and is beginning to be applied to the fields of automobile accessory industry, aerospace materials, sports equipment, building materials and the like in recent years. At present, the researched plant fibers such as sisal fibers, miscanthus fibers, bamboo fibers, coconut fibers and the like are more, and the specific modulus and the specific strength of the plant fibers are similar to those of inorganic synthetic fibers, and the processing process is relatively green, so that the plant fibers can not cause allergic reactions (such as glass fibers) of skin and respiratory tracts, and the plant fibers are widely applied to the preparation of plant fiber/resin composite materials.
The epoxy resin is a common matrix material for preparing high-performance composite materials, and the epoxy resin is compounded with the carbon fiber material, so that the rocket tail fin with high mechanical strength, high impact toughness and good heat resistance can be prepared; the epoxy resin and the fiber cloth are laminated to manufacture the insulating structural member of the motor and the electric appliance; the epoxy resin and the glass fiber are compounded to manufacture the corrosion-resistant container. The epoxy resin is an ideal matrix for preparing the plant fiber composite material with excellent bonding strength, extremely high cohesive force, excellent corrosion resistance and the like.
The plant fiber has the defects of easy moisture absorption, poor compatibility with matrix resin and the like, so that the application of the plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material is limited. Particularly, the vegetable fiber is added into the resin, so that the frictional wear performance of the composite material is reduced sharply, mainly because the vegetable fiber is easy to strip out of the resin due to poor compatibility of the vegetable fiber and a resin matrix in the process of frictional wear with other materials, and the abrasion of the vegetable fiber composite material is further accelerated. In addition, the surface of the stripped plant fiber contains a large amount of hydrophilic groups, so that the plant fiber is easy to absorb water rapidly in the friction and abrasion of the air atmosphere, and the abrasion of a metal friction pair is further accelerated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a preparation method of a vegetable fiber/epoxy resin composite material with friction and wear resistance. According to the method, the natural fiber is subjected to rapid, effective and environment-friendly treatment and then is compounded with the low-temperature curing epoxy resin system, and the occurrence of unevenness and layering of a sample is prevented through ultrasonic dispersion and die turnover, so that the plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material prepared by the method has good friction and wear resistance on a metal friction pair, and the mechanical property of the material is improved compared with that of the composite material prepared by a common method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: chopping the plant fiber to form chopped fiber with the length of about 1 cm and the diameter distribution range of 50-200 um, adding the chopped fiber into a polyethyleneimine water solution at 50 ℃, treating for 5min by magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment, and quickly taking out the plant fiber and filtering;
adding the filtered plant fiber into an aqueous solution of graphite oxide micro-sheets at 70 ℃, performing magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment for 10min, taking out, filtering, and drying at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified plant fiber;
step two: primarily mixing epoxy resin and a curing agent according to a ratio under mechanical stirring at normal temperature, adding the modified plant fiber obtained in the step two, introducing the mixture into a mold, pre-curing for 1 hour in an ultrasonic water bath at 90 ℃, and curing for 3-5 hours at 80 ℃;
step three: and cooling to normal temperature after solidification, and taking out the sample strip to obtain the plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material.
The invention specially treats and modifies the plant fiber with the graphite oxide micro-tablets, and provides the improvement effect of mechanical machinery for the preparation of the plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material.
The treatment method of the invention mainly comprises the steps of crosslinking polyethyleneimine with cellulose on the surface of plant fiber under the condition of aqueous solution to form a thicker adsorption layer on the surface; and then the graphite oxide micro-sheet with electronegativity and polyethyleneimine with electropositive fiber surface are acted to form a surface layer, so that the polarity and the hydrophilicity of the surface are reduced.
In the first step, the plant fiber is selected from coconut fiber and ramie fiber.
In the first step, the mass fraction of the polyethyleneimine aqueous solution is 10-15%, and the polymerization degree of polyethyleneimine is about 100; the diameter distribution range of the graphite oxide micro-sheets is 10-15 mu m, the thickness distribution range of the graphite oxide micro-sheets is 50-100 nm, the purity is 99.92%, and the mass fraction of the graphite oxide micro-sheet aqueous solution is 3-5%.
In the second step, the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is 2: 1-3: 1; the modified plant fiber accounts for 5-15% of the total mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent. Preferably, the added mass of the modified plant fiber accounts for 10 mass percent of the mixture of the epoxy resin and the curing agent.
In the second step, the curing agent is a mixture of 2- (1-piperazinyl) ethylamine and benzyl alcohol.
In the second step, the epoxy resin is a polymer of 4,4- (1-methylethylidene) biphenol and (chloromethyl) oxirane or a mixture of 2,2- [1, 4-butanediyl bis (oxymethylene) diepoxide and 2, 3-epoxypropyl.
In the second step, the mould is turned over once every half hour in the curing process so as to prevent the fibers from forming layered distribution with high bottom concentration and low top concentration.
The epoxy resin curing system adopted by the invention has lower curing temperature and higher viscosity at normal temperature, and compared with a high-temperature curing system, the curing system can effectively prevent the plant fiber from being coked under the high-temperature condition; in addition, the higher viscosity is beneficial to the stable dispersion of the plant fiber in the epoxy resin, and the plant fiber is not easy to settle to form delamination. The surface of the plant fiber treated by the method is covered by the polyethyleneimine, which is beneficial to increasing the bonding force between the plant fiber and the epoxy resin, thereby enhancing the mechanical strength of the composite material.
The graphite oxide micro-sheets are introduced to the surface of the plant fiber, so that a multi-scale reinforcing system with a micro-nano structure is formed on the surface of the plant fiber, the bonding strength of the plant fiber and a resin matrix is further enhanced, and the lubrication and the friction reduction in the abrasion process of the composite material are facilitated.
The graphite oxide micro-sheet adopted by the invention has excellent heat conductivity, and is beneficial to reducing the friction heat generated in friction and reducing the friction and wear.
Verification was carried out by examples, passing thisThe short fiber type plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material prepared by the method has good mechanical property, the tensile strength is more than 36MPa, the elongation at break reaches 6.3-9.8%, the impact strength is improved by 22-67%, the friction coefficient can be as low as 0.22, and the minimum wear rate can reach 96mm3And/1000 r, and can effectively reduce the temperature of the friction surface during the friction process, and prevent further increase of the abrasion.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention uses plant fiber, has wide source and low price, can be degraded in natural environment and is an environment-friendly material.
(2) The method for treating the fibers is rapid and carried out under the water-based condition, does not use an organic solvent, and is environment-friendly.
(3) The precuring of the composite material prepared by the invention adopts an ultrasonic curing system, and the mold is continuously turned over in the curing process, so that the uniform dispersion of the plant fibers in the epoxy resin is facilitated, the plant fibers are prevented from sinking to the bottom, and the layered material with high bottom concentration and low top concentration is formed.
(4) The plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material prepared by the invention has good mechanical strength and lower friction coefficient and wear rate, and is beneficial to the use and popularization in the fields of automobiles and buildings.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
The examples of the invention are as follows:
example 1
The method comprises the following steps: chopping coconut fibers to form chopped fibers with the length of about 1 cm and the diameter distribution range of 100-200 um, adding the chopped fibers into a polyethyleneimine aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 10% at 50 ℃, carrying out treatment for 5min by magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment, quickly taking out and filtering plant fibers, adding the fibers into an aqueous solution of graphite oxide micro-sheets with the mass fraction of 3% at 70 ℃, carrying out magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment for 10min, taking out and filtering, and drying for 12 hours at 90 ℃ to obtain the modified plant fibers.
Step two: firstly, epoxy resin and a curing agent are initially mixed under mechanical stirring at normal temperature according to the mass ratio of 2:1, then 10% of modified fiber is added, then the mixture is led into a mould, precured for 1 hour in an ultrasonic water bath at the temperature of 90 ℃ and then cured for 5 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃. After completion of the curing, the sample was cooled to room temperature and taken out and labeled as example 1.
The results of comparative tests for mechanical properties and frictional wear performance of this example and comparative example 1 are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1
Note: the friction and wear test is carried out on 304 stainless steel as a friction and wear test material; and after the friction and wear experiment is finished, measuring the temperature of the friction and wear surface at a position 10cm away from the surface by an infrared non-contact thermometer, taking five points for testing, and then taking an average value.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps: chopping coconut fibers to form chopped fibers with the length of about 1 cm and the diameter distribution range of 100-200 um, adding the chopped fibers into a polyethyleneimine aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 15% at 50 ℃, carrying out treatment for 5min by magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment, quickly taking out and filtering plant fibers, adding the fibers into an aqueous solution of graphite oxide micro-sheets with the mass fraction of 5% at 70 ℃, carrying out magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment for 10min, taking out and filtering, and drying for 12 hours at 90 ℃ to obtain the modified plant fibers.
Step two: firstly, epoxy resin and a curing agent are initially mixed under mechanical stirring at normal temperature according to the mass ratio of 3:1, then 15% of modified fiber is added, then the mixture is led into a mould, precured for 1 hour in an ultrasonic water bath at the temperature of 90 ℃ and then cured for 4 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃. And after the solidification is finished, cooling to normal temperature, taking out the sample strip, and marking as the modified plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material.
The results of comparative tests for mechanical properties and frictional wear performance of this example and comparative example 1 are shown in the following table.
TABLE 2
| Detecting items | Execution criteria | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Example 2 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | GB/T1040-2006 | 28 | 25 | 42 |
| Elongation at Break (%) | GB/T1040-2006 | 7.3 | 10.2 | 6.3 |
| Flexural strength (Mpa) | GB/T9341-2008 | 38.9 | 31.7 | 56.4 |
| Impact Strength (KJ/m)2) | GB/T1843-2008 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 8.6 |
| Coefficient of friction | GB 10006-88 | 0.42 | 0.53 | 0.32 |
| Abrasion (mm)3/1000r) | GB/T 5478-2008 | 197 | 157 | 106 |
| Abrasion surface temperature (. degree. C.) | Infrared non-contact type | 79 | 77 | 61 |
Note: the friction and wear test is carried out on 304 stainless steel as a friction and wear test material; and after the friction and wear experiment is finished, measuring the temperature of the friction and wear surface at a position 10cm away from the surface by an infrared non-contact thermometer, taking five points for testing, and then taking an average value.
Example 3
The method comprises the following steps: chopping coconut fibers to form chopped fibers with the length of about 1 cm and the diameter distribution range of 100-200 um, adding the chopped fibers into 12% of polyethyleneimine water solution at 50 ℃, performing magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment for 5min, quickly taking out and filtering plant fibers, adding the fibers into 4% of 70 ℃ graphite oxide microchip water solution at mass fraction, performing magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment for 10min, taking out and filtering, and drying at 90 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the modified plant fibers.
Step two: firstly, epoxy resin and a curing agent are initially mixed under mechanical stirring at normal temperature according to the mass ratio of 2.5:1, then modified fiber with the mass fraction of 12 percent is added, then the mixture is introduced into a mould, precured for 1 hour in an ultrasonic water bath at the temperature of 90 ℃ and then cured for 3 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃. And after the solidification is finished, cooling to normal temperature, taking out the sample strip, and marking as the modified plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material.
The results of comparative tests for mechanical properties and frictional wear performance of this example and comparative example 1 are shown in the following table.
TABLE 3
Note: the friction and wear test is carried out on 304 stainless steel as a friction and wear test material; and after the friction and wear experiment is finished, measuring the temperature of the friction and wear surface at a position 10cm away from the surface by an infrared non-contact thermometer, taking five points for testing, and then taking an average value.
Example 4
The method comprises the following steps: chopping the miscanthus fiber to form chopped fiber with the length of about 1 cm and the diameter distribution range of 100-200 um, adding the chopped fiber into a polyethyleneimine aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 15% at 50 ℃, treating for 5min by magnetic stirring and ultrasonic, quickly taking out the plant fiber, filtering, adding the fiber into an aqueous solution of graphite oxide micro-sheets with the mass fraction of 3% at 70 ℃, carrying out magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment for 10min, taking out, filtering, and drying for 12 hours at 90 ℃ to obtain the modified plant fiber.
Step two: firstly, epoxy resin and a curing agent are initially mixed under mechanical stirring at normal temperature according to the mass ratio of 3:1, then 15% of modified fiber is added, then the mixture is led into a mould, precured for 1 hour in an ultrasonic water bath at the temperature of 90 ℃ and then cured for 3 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃. And after the solidification is finished, cooling to normal temperature, taking out the sample strip, and marking as the modified plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material.
The results of comparative tests for mechanical properties and frictional wear performance of this example and comparative example 1 are shown in the following table.
TABLE 4
| Detecting items | Execution criteria | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Example 4 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | GB/T1040-2006 | 28 | 25 | 45 |
| Elongation at Break (%) | GB/T1040-2006 | 7.3 | 10.2 | 9.8 |
| Flexural strength (Mpa) | GB/T9341-2008 | 38.9 | 31.7 | 46.1 |
| Impact Strength (KJ/m)2) | GB/T1843-2008 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 9.7 |
| Coefficient of friction | GB 10006-88 | 0.42 | 0.53 | 0.36 |
| Abrasion (mm)3/1000r) | GB/T 5478-2008 | 197 | 157 | 110 |
| Abrasion surface temperature (. degree. C.) | Infrared non-contact type | 79 | 77 | 71 |
Note: the friction and wear test is carried out on 304 stainless steel as a friction and wear test material; and after the friction and wear experiment is finished, measuring the temperature of the friction and wear surface at a position 10cm away from the surface by an infrared non-contact thermometer, taking five points for testing, and then taking an average value.
Example 5
The method comprises the following steps: chopping the miscanthus fiber to form chopped fiber with the length of about 1 cm and the diameter distribution range of 100-200 um, adding the chopped fiber into 10 mass percent polyethyleneimine aqueous solution at 50 ℃, treating for 5min by magnetic stirring and ultrasonic, quickly taking out and filtering the plant fiber, adding the fiber into 5 mass percent aqueous solution of 70 ℃ graphite oxide micro-sheets, carrying out magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment for 10min, taking out and filtering, and drying for 12 hours at 90 ℃ to obtain the modified plant fiber.
Step two: firstly, epoxy resin and a curing agent are initially mixed under mechanical stirring at normal temperature according to the mass ratio of 2:1, then 10% of modified fiber is added, then the mixture is led into a mould, precured for 1 hour in an ultrasonic water bath at the temperature of 90 ℃ and then cured for 5 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃. And after the solidification is finished, cooling to normal temperature, taking out the sample strip, and marking as the modified plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material.
The results of comparative tests for mechanical properties and frictional wear performance of this example and comparative example 1 are shown in the following table.
TABLE 5
| Detecting items | Execution criteria | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Example 5 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | GB/T1040-2006 | 28 | 25 | 39 |
| Elongation at Break (%) | GB/T1040-2006 | 7.3 | 10.2 | 8.4 |
| Flexural strength (Mpa) | GB/T9341-2008 | 38.9 | 31.7 | 44.3 |
| Impact Strength (KJ/m)2) | GB/T1843-2008 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 7.1 |
| Coefficient of friction | GB 10006-88 | 0.42 | 0.53 | 0.35 |
| Abrasion (mm)3/1000r) | GB/T 5478-2008 | 197 | 157 | 105 |
| Abrasion surface temperature (. degree. C.) | Infrared non-contact type | 79 | 77 | 68 |
Note: the friction and wear test is carried out on 304 stainless steel as a friction and wear test material; and after the friction and wear experiment is finished, measuring the temperature of the friction and wear surface at a position 10cm away from the surface by an infrared non-contact thermometer, taking five points for testing, and then taking an average value.
Example 6
The method comprises the following steps: chopping the miscanthus fiber to form chopped fiber with the length of about 1 cm and the diameter distribution range of 100-200 um, adding the chopped fiber into 12% of polyethyleneimine aqueous solution at 50 ℃, carrying out treatment for 5min by magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment, quickly taking out and filtering the plant fiber, adding the fiber into 4% of 70 ℃ graphite oxide microchip aqueous solution at mass fraction, carrying out magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment for 10min, taking out and filtering, and drying for 12 hours at 90 ℃ to obtain the modified plant fiber.
Step two: firstly, epoxy resin and a curing agent are initially mixed under mechanical stirring at normal temperature according to the mass ratio of 2.5:1, then modified fiber with the mass fraction of 12 percent is added, then the mixture is introduced into a mould, precured for 1 hour in an ultrasonic water bath at the temperature of 90 ℃ and then cured for 4 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃. And after the solidification is finished, cooling to normal temperature, taking out the sample strip, and marking as the modified plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material.
The results of comparative tests for mechanical properties and frictional wear performance of this example and comparative example 1 are shown in the following table.
TABLE 6
| Detecting items | Execution criteria | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Example 6 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | GB/T1040-2006 | 28 | 25 | 41 |
| Elongation at Break (%) | GB/T1040-2006 | 7.3 | 10.2 | 8.9 |
| Flexural strength (Mpa) | GB/T9341-2008 | 38.9 | 31.7 | 48.3 |
| Impact Strength (KJ/m)2) | GB/T1843-2008 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 7.4 |
| Coefficient of friction | GB 10006-88 | 0.42 | 0.53 | 0.29 |
| Abrasion (mm)3/1000r) | GB/T 5478-2008 | 197 | 157 | 96 |
| Abrasion surface temperature (. degree. C.) | Infrared non-contact type | 79 | 77 | 68 |
Note: the friction and wear test is carried out on 304 stainless steel as a friction and wear test material; and after the friction and wear experiment is finished, measuring the temperature of the friction and wear surface at a position 10cm away from the surface by an infrared non-contact thermometer, taking five points for testing, and then taking an average value.
The comparative examples in the above tables are as follows:
comparative example 1 preparation method:
a set of original standard samples was prepared as follows: the method comprises the steps of chopping coconut fibers to form chopped fibers with the length of about 1 cm and the diameter distribution range of 100-200 um, firstly, mechanically stirring epoxy resin and a curing agent at the normal temperature in a mass ratio of 2:1 for preliminary mixing, then adding coconut fibers, wherein the coconut fibers account for 10% of the total mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent, then introducing the coconut fibers into a mold, precuring for 1 hour at the temperature of 90 ℃, and curing for 5 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃. After the solidification, the sample was cooled to room temperature and taken out, and the sample was marked as comparative example 1.
Comparative example 2 preparation method:
coconut Fibers were modified as described in the literature "Manjula R, Raju N V, Chakradur R, et al. Effect of Thermal Aging and Chemical Treatment on tension Properties of Coir Fiber [ J ]. Journal of Natural Fibers,2017,15(1):1-10. coconut Fibers were modified by adding 10% of the modified coconut Fibers to a mixture of epoxy resin and curing agent, vigorously stirring, introducing into a mold, precuring at 90 ℃ for 1 hour, and curing at 80 ℃ for 5 hours. After the solidification, the sample was cooled to room temperature and taken out, and the sample was marked as comparative example 2.
As is obvious after the comparison between the embodiment and the comparative example, the plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material prepared by the invention has good mechanical property, can effectively reduce the friction coefficient and the wear rate of the material with metal and the friction material, can effectively reduce the temperature of the friction surface, and has outstanding technical effect.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a vegetable fiber/epoxy resin composite material with friction and wear resistance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: chopping the plant fiber to form chopped fiber with the length of about 1 cm and the diameter distribution range of 50-200 um, adding the chopped fiber into a polyethyleneimine water solution at 50 ℃, treating for 5min by magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment, taking out the plant fiber, and filtering;
adding the filtered plant fiber into an aqueous solution of graphite oxide micro-sheets at 70 ℃, performing magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment for 10min, taking out, filtering, and drying at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain modified plant fiber;
in the first step, the plant fiber is selected from coconut fiber and ramie fiber;
step two: primarily mixing epoxy resin and a curing agent according to a ratio under mechanical stirring at normal temperature, adding the modified plant fiber obtained in the step two, introducing the mixture into a mold, pre-curing for 1 hour in an ultrasonic water bath at 90 ℃, and curing for 3-5 hours at 80 ℃;
in the second step, the curing agent is a mixture of 2- (1-piperazinyl) ethylamine and benzyl alcohol;
in the second step, the epoxy resin is a polymer of 4,4- (1-methylethylidene) biphenol and (chloromethyl) oxirane or a mixture of 2,2- [1, 4-butanediyl bis (oxymethylene) diepoxide and 2, 3-epoxypropyl;
step three: and cooling to normal temperature after solidification, and taking out the sample strip to obtain the plant fiber/epoxy resin composite material.
2. The method for preparing the vegetable fiber/epoxy resin composite material with friction and wear resistance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the mass fraction of the polyethyleneimine aqueous solution is 10-15%, and the polymerization degree of polyethyleneimine is about 100; the diameter distribution range of the graphite oxide micro-sheets is 10-15 mu m, the thickness distribution range of the graphite oxide micro-sheets is 50-100 nm, the purity is 99.92%, and the mass fraction of the graphite oxide micro-sheet aqueous solution is 3-5%.
3. The method for preparing the vegetable fiber/epoxy resin composite material with friction and wear resistance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is 2: 1-3: 1; the modified plant fiber accounts for 5-15% of the total mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent.
4. The method for preparing the vegetable fiber/epoxy resin composite material with friction and wear resistance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the mold is turned over once every half hour in the curing process.
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| CN112063115A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-11 | 海南大学 | Preparation method of natural coconut shell fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite fabric |
| CN112267451A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-26 | 海南大学 | Coconut fiber epoxy resin composite fabric reinforced foundation manufacturing method and foundation |
| CN113246245B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-07-19 | 武汉理工大学 | Wood-based antifriction and vibration reduction composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114150022B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2023-08-22 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Biochemical molecular cell delivery method based on plant micro-nano structure and application |
| CN114773682A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-07-22 | 中致新(厦门)科技有限公司 | Degradable material prepared based on plant fiber paper and preparation method |
| CN114702784A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-05 | 中南林业科技大学 | Natural fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in 3D printing |
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