CN114557358A - 含苯嘧草唑的除草剂组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
含苯嘧草唑的除草剂组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含苯嘧草唑的除草剂组合物,含有A、B两种活性组分,A为苯嘧草唑,B选自精草铵膦、乙氧氟草醚、乙羧氟草醚、精二甲吩草胺、罗克杀草砜中的一种,优选A、B采用1:1.5~10的质量百分比组分,该组合物可以配制成多种剂型。本发明适用于防除园林地和非耕地中的一年生及多年生杂草的应用,两种有效成分复配具有明显的增效作用,提高了防治效果,降低了农药使用量。
Description
本申请是申请号为2018112253305、名称为“含苯嘧草唑的除草组合物及其应用”的专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种农用除草组合物复配技术。
背景技术
含有单一活性成分的除草剂品种在农业除草过程中存在不同程度的缺陷:连续使用容易产生抗药性,除草谱不够广,只能防除单子叶杂草或双子叶杂草,或者只能防除出苗的杂草或未出苗的杂草,不能兼防。通过两种或两种以上活性组分的复配,可以提高防效,减少有效成分的使用量,节约防除成本,延缓杂草抗药性的产生,延长药剂使用寿命,并减少对环境的污染。
申请号:201310267255X的发明公开了一种含有草铵膦和苯嘧磺草胺的除草组合物,有效成分为草铵膦、苯嘧磺草胺,其余为农药助剂。草铵膦和苯嘧磺草胺在除草组合物中的质量份数比为50:1~1:10,草铵膦和苯嘧磺草胺质量总和在除草组合物中的质量百分比为2%~80%。本发明除草组合物根据应用需要可制备成悬浮剂、油悬浮剂、水剂、可湿性粉剂或水分散粒剂中的一种,用于防除非耕地杂草。该组合物的防除非耕地杂草效果明显优于各单剂,减少用药量,延缓杂草抗药性。
苯嘧草唑,化学名:3-(2-氯-4-氟-5-(3-甲基-2,6-二氧-4-三氟甲基-3,6-二氢嘧啶-1(2H)-基)苯基)-5-甲基-4,5-二氢异恶唑-5-羧酸乙酯,结构独特是脲嘧啶与异恶唑结构的结合,与苯嘧磺草胺比较具有更好的除草活性,可以有效地防除园林地和非耕地中的一年生及多年生杂草。但是成本较高。
发明内容
本发明目的:提供一种具有增效显著、低毒性、低成本的含苯嘧草唑的除草组合物。
本发明提及的含苯嘧草唑的除草剂组合物,含有A、B两种活性组分,另含有助剂、载体或稀释剂。A为苯嘧草唑,B选自精草铵膦、乙氧氟草醚、乙羧氟草醚、精二甲吩草胺中、罗克杀草砜的一种。
组分A和组分B的比例基于活性成分的质量份数比可为1:100~100:1。
所述的除草组合物加入助剂及赋形剂,按照本领域技术人员均知的生产工艺,制备成适合农业上使用的任意一种剂型(乳油、水乳剂、微乳剂、悬乳剂、可湿性粉剂或水分散粒剂),比较好的剂型有悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、可湿性粉剂、微乳剂。
所述的助剂及赋形剂包括表面活性剂、分散剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、崩解剂、稳定剂、增稠剂、粘合剂等及其他有益于有效成分在制剂中稳定和发挥药效的已知物质,都是农药制剂中常用或允许使用的各种成分,并无特别限定,具体成分和用量根据配方要求通过试验确认。
A与B的比例基于活性组分的质量分数比优选为1:1.5~10。
根据B组分的不同,A与B的比例基于活性组分的质量分数比最好为1:2~3。
本发明的另一目的,提供上述如除草组合物的一种用途,用于对园林地和非耕地中的一年生及多年生杂草的防除应用。
当除草组合物的用量是A:B=7.5~30:75~180ga.i./hm2时,应用于防除狗尾草具有明显的增效作用。当选用的B组分为精二甲吩草胺时,采用用量为:A+B=7.5~15+75~150ga.i./hm2,应用于防除杂草藜具有良好的防除效果。
当B组分为咪唑乙烟酸、罗克杀草砜、咪唑乙烟酸、精草铵膦,采用用量为:A+B=7.5~30+15~180 ga.i./hm2,应用于防除杂草苘麻具有良好的防除效果。
当B组分为咪唑乙烟酸或者罗克杀草砜时,采用用量为:A+B=7.5~15+22.5~90ga.i./hm2,苗后使用,应用于防除杂草苘麻具有更好的防除效果。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1、两种有效成分复配具有明显的增效作用,提高了防治效果。
2、两种有效成分复配,作用机理独特不存在交互抗性,降低了农药使用量,从而降低了成本和减少了对环境的污染,有利于害虫抗性治理。
3. 当采用不同的B组分时,采用不同的A、B配比及单位面积施用量,用于去除某些特定的杂草,具有其它除草剂不具备的防除药效。本发明的推广应用有巨大的经济效益和社会效益。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的内容作进一步详述,实施例中所提及的内容并非对本发明的限定,材料配方选择可因地制宜而对结果无实质性的影响。在这些实施例中,除另有说明外,所有百分比均为重量百分比。
一、剂型配置实施例:
实施例1、60%苯嘧草唑·精草铵膦水分散粒剂:
苯嘧草唑 20%;
精草铵膦 40%;
十二烷基硫酸钠 4%;
萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物 6%;
硫酸铵 5%;
消泡剂 0.1%;
高岭土补足。
制备方法为:将上述物料一起加入锥形混合机中混合均匀,后经气流粉碎机粉碎,粉碎后的物料再经锥形混合机混合,混合后的物料细度98%通过600目标准筛,加入捏合机中捏合成可塑性物料,最后将此物料放入挤压造粒机中挤压造粒,造粒后经干燥、筛分制得60%苯嘧草唑·精草铵膦水分散粒剂。
实施例2、22%苯嘧草唑·精二甲吩草胺微乳剂:
苯嘧草唑 2%;
精二甲吩草胺 20%;
环己酮 10%;
助表面活性剂 10%;
表面活性剂 20%;
自来水补充至100% 。
制备方法为:将有效成分苯嘧草唑和精二甲酚草胺用溶剂充分溶解后,投入乳化剂、助乳化剂混合均匀,最后加入自来水,进行充分搅拌,即可得22%苯嘧草唑·精二甲吩草胺微乳剂。
实施例3、25%苯嘧草唑·乙氧氟草醚乳油:
苯嘧草唑 10 %;
乙氧氟草醚 15 %;
环己酮 10%;
500# 2%;
1602 4%;
150#溶剂油补足至100%。
制备方法为:将活性成分苯嘧草唑、乙氧氟草醚、助溶剂环己酮、阴离子乳化剂单体500#、非离子乳化剂单体1602、150#溶剂油依次投入搅拌釜中,充分加热搅拌,即得25%苯嘧草唑·乙氧氟草醚乳油产品。
实施例4、 35%苯嘧草唑·罗克杀草砜悬乳剂:
苯嘧草唑 5%;
罗克杀草砜 30%;
环己酮 10%;
SE3700A 6%;
SE3700B 9%;
乙二醇 3%;
黄原胶 0.12%;
苯甲酸钠 0.2%;
消泡剂 0.2%;
去离子水补足至100%。
制备方法为:根据配方称取各组分,将罗克杀草砜原药、分散剂、润湿剂等助剂及部分水粗剪切后投入砂磨机中进行直接砂磨,得到悬浮剂;将苯嘧草唑、助溶剂环己酮、乳化剂等助剂及部分水投入到高剪切乳化釜中高速剪切,得到水乳剂;将悬浮剂与水乳剂按照一定比例并加入增稠剂、防腐剂、防冻剂、消泡剂等搅拌混合均匀后得到悬乳剂成品。
二、室内生物活性测定实施例:
本发明通过室内盆栽试验,对除草剂活性组分A分别与B复配对杂草的室内联合作用进行测定,明确组合物对杂草的联合作用,其中:A为苯嘧草唑,B为精草铵膦、精二甲吩草胺、乙氧氟草醚、乙羧氟草醚、罗克杀草砜中的任一种中的一种。
杂草培养方法为:将定量的杂草种子苘麻和狗尾草(不同的实施例中,可针对室内培养或者自然生长的其它杂草做比较)分别播于直径为7 cm的装有营养土的纸杯中,播后覆土、镇压、淋水后在温室培养。苗后茎叶处理,于禾本科杂草长至5~7叶期、阔叶杂草6~8叶期处理;苗前土壤处理,于播种后第二天进行处理,苗后早期处理,于杂草播种后出苗前进行处理;试验设3次重复。处理后待药液自然风干,放于温室内按常规方法管理,根据杂草受抑制或死亡的情况,于处理后30天,进行目测防效调查。 本发明采用Gowing法对提出的组合物的联合作用进行评价。
式中:
X — 除草剂组分A用量为P时的杂草防效;
Y — 除草剂组分B用量为Q时的杂草防效;
E0 — 除草剂组分A用量为P时的理论防效+除草剂组分B用量为Q时的理论防效;
E — 除草剂组分A与除草剂组分B按上述比例混用后的实测防效。
当E-E0>10%时,为增效作用;当E-E0< -10%时,为拮抗作用;当E-E0值介于±10%时,为加成作用。
实施例5:苯嘧草唑与精二甲吩草胺混用对杂草的联合作用,详见表1。
表1(苗前,另采用B组分为二甲吩草胺,针对狗尾草和藜做对比)
试验结果(表1)表明,在温室条件下,苯嘧草唑分别与酰胺类除草剂精二甲吩草胺混用,进行苗前土壤处理,具有明显的增效作用,且效果优于苯嘧草唑与二甲吩草胺的混用。
实施例6:苯嘧草唑与罗克杀草砜混用对杂草的联合作用,详见表2、表3.
表2(苗前,针对杂草狗尾草和茼麻做比较)
表3(苗后)
试验结果(表2和表3)表明,在温室条件下,苯嘧草唑分别与罗克杀草砜混用,进行苗前土壤处理和苗后茎叶处理,均具有明显的增效作用。
实施例7、苯嘧草唑与精草铵膦混用对杂草的联合作用,详见表4。
表4(另采用B组分为草铵膦做对比)
实施例8、苯嘧草唑与乙氧氟草醚\乙羧氟草醚混用对杂草的联合作用,详见表5。
表5(采用杂草狗尾草、反枝苋做对比)
试验结果(表4和表5)表明,在温室条件下,苯嘧草唑分别与有机磷类除草剂精草铵膦或二苯醚类除草剂乙氧氟草醚、乙羧氟草醚中的一种混用,均具有明显的增效作用(苯嘧草唑与精草铵膦的混用效果优于苯嘧草唑与草铵膦的混用)。
三、田间除草活性测定实施例:
实施例9:苯嘧草唑除草剂组合物对非耕地杂草的防效,详见表6、7、8。
本发明还通过田间小区试验的方法,对含有除草剂活性组分A和活性组分B的制剂实例进行了对杂草的药效试验,明确组合物对非耕地杂草的防除效果。
针对不同制剂实例组分的不同,分别进行了苗前土壤处理、苗后早期和苗后茎叶喷雾处理,喷雾器械为新加坡利农HD400型背负式手动喷雾器(编号H17001),工作压力45Pa,喷射速率640 mL/分钟,可调锥形喷头(325787),喷头高度0.5米,喷幅0.85米,行走速度约16.7米/分钟,喷液量450升/公顷。
表6(与酰胺类组合,苗前,采用B组分为二甲吩草胺和杂草马唐、狗尾草、藜、反枝苋做对比):
表7(与咪唑乙烟酸和罗克杀草砜组合,针对杂草稗草、狗尾草、反枝苋、苘麻做对比,苗后早期,):
表8(与有机磷类和二苯醚类组合,苗后,另采用B组分为草铵膦做对比,针对杂草稗草、狗尾草、苍耳、苘麻做对比):
试验结果(表6~表8)表明,含有除草剂活性组分A和活性组分B的制剂实例对大部分的阔叶杂草和禾本科杂草均有良好的防除效果。
Claims (3)
1.一种含苯嘧草唑的除草剂组合物,含有A、B两种活性组分,另含有助剂,组合物的剂型为乳油、水乳剂、微乳剂、悬乳剂、可湿性粉剂或水分散粒剂,其特征在于:A为苯嘧草唑,B选自精草铵膦、精二甲吩草胺、乙氧氟草醚、乙羧氟草醚、罗克杀草砜中的一种;A与B的比例基于活性组分的质量分数比为1:1.5~10。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含苯嘧草唑的除草剂组合物,其特征在于:B组分为精草铵膦或者乙氧氟草醚,A与B的比例基于活性组分的质量分数比为1:1.5~3。
3.一种除草剂组合物的应用,其特征在于:采用权利要求1所述的除草剂组合物,B组分为精二甲吩草胺,采用量为:A+B=7.5~15+75~150 ga.i./hm2,用于对园林地和非耕地中的一年生及多年生杂草藜的防除。
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