CN114555879A - 粘胶人造丝用处理剂、粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液、粘胶人造丝及粘胶人造丝的制造方法 - Google Patents
粘胶人造丝用处理剂、粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液、粘胶人造丝及粘胶人造丝的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114555879A CN114555879A CN202180005780.7A CN202180005780A CN114555879A CN 114555879 A CN114555879 A CN 114555879A CN 202180005780 A CN202180005780 A CN 202180005780A CN 114555879 A CN114555879 A CN 114555879A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- viscose rayon
- surfactant
- treating agent
- aqueous liquid
- zinc compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- IPCXNCATNBAPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zn] IPCXNCATNBAPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(oxo)tin Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Sn]([O-])=O BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPYYEEJOMCKTPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dodecanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GPYYEEJOMCKTPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其特征在于,包含锌化合物和表面活性剂。本发明的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其特征在于,包含含有表面活性剂的粘胶人造丝用处理剂、锌化合物、以及水。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及粘胶人造丝用处理剂、附着有该处理剂的粘胶人造丝、粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液、附着有该水性液的粘胶人造丝以及粘胶人造丝的制造方法。
背景技术
作为以纸浆、棉籽绒等作为原料的再生纤维,已知有粘胶人造丝。粘胶人造丝的生物降解性优异,吸湿性和吸水性优异,从这些方面出发作为绵花的替代纤维引起了人们的关注。通常,粘胶人造丝纤维是在制备原料溶液后进行湿式纺丝,经纺织工序等而得到。例如在纺织工序前为了提高工序通过性,有时对粘胶人造丝赋予粘胶人造丝用处理剂。
以往已知有专利文献1中公开的粘胶人造丝用处理剂。专利文献1中,作为粘胶人造丝用处理剂,公开了包含油脂、阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂等的构成。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特许第5630932号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
但是,该现有的粘胶人造丝用处理剂存在下述课题:由于其含有表面活性剂,因此在制备水性液时或进行使用时容易产生起泡、特别是在使水性液附着于粘胶人造丝的工序中容易产生起泡。另一方面,若降低表面活性剂的含量,则水性液的乳化稳定性降低,因此具有水性液的外观容易变差的课题。
本发明是鉴于这样的情况而完成的,其目的在于提供能够提高所制备的水性液的外观、能够降低起泡的粘胶人造丝用处理剂。另外在于提供能够提高外观、能够降低起泡的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液。另外在于提供附着有该粘胶人造丝用处理剂或粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液的粘胶人造丝。另外在于提供使用了该粘胶人造丝用处理剂或粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液的粘胶人造丝的制造方法。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明人为了解决上述课题进行了研究,结果发现,在包含表面活性剂的粘胶人造丝用处理剂中含有锌化合物而成的处理剂正好合适。
用于解决上述课题的粘胶人造丝用处理剂(不包括添加在纺丝浴中的处理剂或者含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物)的特征在于,其包含锌化合物和表面活性剂。
用于解决上述课题的粘胶人造丝用处理剂(该处理剂不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物)的特征在于,其包含锌化合物、表面活性剂、以及在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂中,优选上述表面活性剂包含选自阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂中的至少一者。
用于解决上述课题的粘胶人造丝用处理剂(该处理剂不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物)的特征在于,其包含锌化合物、以及作为表面活性剂的至少阴离子表面活性剂。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂优选进一步包含非离子表面活性剂。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂中,优选上述表面活性剂包含上述阴离子表面活性剂,上述阴离子表面活性剂含有选自油脂的硫酸酯、油脂的硫酸酯的胺盐和油脂的硫酸酯的碱金属盐中的至少一种硫酸化油。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂中,优选上述表面活性剂包含上述阴离子表面活性剂,上述阴离子表面活性剂包含选自碳原子数8~24的脂肪酸的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、在碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇上加成合计1~20摩尔的碳原子数2~4的环氧烷而成的物质的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磷酸酯的碱金属盐和碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磺酸的碱金属盐中的至少一者。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂中,设上述锌化合物和上述表面活性剂的合计含有比例为100质量%时,优选上述锌化合物的含有比例为0.001~5质量%。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂优选进一步含有在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂中,设上述锌化合物、上述表面活性剂和上述油的合计含有比例为100质量%时,优选上述锌化合物的含有比例为0.001~1质量%。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂优选用于纺织用原绵。
用于解决上述课题的粘胶人造丝的特征在于,其附着有上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂。
用于解决上述课题的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液(该水性液不包括纺丝浴或者含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物)的特征在于,其包含含有表面活性剂的粘胶人造丝用处理剂、锌化合物、以及水。
用于解决上述课题的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液(该水性液不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物)的特征在于,其包含:含有表面活性剂以及在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油的粘胶人造丝用处理剂;锌化合物;以及水。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液中,优选上述表面活性剂包含选自阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂中的至少一者。
用于解决上述课题的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液(该水性液不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物)的特征在于,其包含至少包含阴离子表面活性剂作为表面活性剂的粘胶人造丝用处理剂、锌化合物、以及水。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液优选进一步包含非离子表面活性剂。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液中,优选上述表面活性剂包含上述阴离子表面活性剂,上述阴离子表面活性剂含有选自油脂的硫酸酯、油脂的硫酸酯的胺盐和油脂的硫酸酯的碱金属盐中的至少一种硫酸化油。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液中,优选上述表面活性剂包含上述阴离子表面活性剂,上述阴离子表面活性剂包含选自碳原子数8~24的脂肪酸的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、在碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇上加成合计1~20摩尔的碳原子数2~4的环氧烷而成的物质的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磷酸酯的碱金属盐和碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磺酸的碱金属盐中的至少一者。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液中,设上述锌化合物、上述表面活性剂和水的合计含有比例为100质量%时,优选上述锌化合物的含有比例为0.00001~0.4质量%。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液优选进一步含有在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液中,设上述锌化合物、上述表面活性剂、上述油和水的合计含有比例为100质量%时,优选上述锌化合物的含有比例为0.00001~0.3质量%。
上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液优选被用于纺织用原绵。
用于解决上述课题的粘胶人造丝的特征在于,其附着有上述粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液。
用于解决上述课题的粘胶人造丝的制造方法的特征在于,其经历使含有表面活性剂和锌化合物的水性液(该水性液不包括纺丝浴或者含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物)附着于粘胶人造丝的工序。
用于解决上述课题的粘胶人造丝的制造方法的特征在于,其经历使含有锌化合物、表面活性剂以及在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油的水性液(该水性液不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物)附着于粘胶人造丝的工序。
用于解决上述课题的粘胶人造丝的制造方法的特征在于,其经历使含有锌化合物以及作为表面活性剂的至少阴离子表面活性剂的水性液(该水性液不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物)附着于粘胶人造丝的工序。
上述粘胶人造丝的制造方法中,优选上述水性液进一步包含在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油。
上述粘胶人造丝的制造方法中,优选上述水性液中的锌化合物的含有比例为0.00001~0.3质量%。
上述粘胶人造丝的制造方法中,优选按照相对于粘胶人造丝,使上述锌化合物、上述表面活性剂和上述油的合计为0.01~1.0质量%的方式进行附着。
发明的效果
根据本发明,能够提高所制备的水性液的外观,能够降低起泡、特别是使水性液附着的工序中的起泡。
具体实施方式
(第1实施方式)
对于将本发明的粘胶人造丝用处理剂(以下也称为处理剂)具体化的第1实施方式进行说明。处理剂包含锌化合物和表面活性剂。本发明中的处理剂不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物。即,本发明的处理剂与这样的遮蔽组合物不同,其不用于织物等布料的遮蔽加工。另外,本发明的处理剂与添加在粘胶人造丝纺丝浴中的处理剂也不同,其不用于纺丝后的粘胶人造丝。
锌化合物可降低包含表面活性剂的处理剂的起泡。作为锌化合物,例如可以举出无机酸盐、有机酸盐、氯化锌、氧化锌、硫化锌、对苯酚磺酸锌等。作为无机酸盐的具体例,例如可以举出硫酸锌、乙酸锌、硝酸锌、碳酸锌、铬酸锌、锡酸锌、磷酸锌、钼酸锌等。作为有机酸盐的具体例,例如可以举出月桂酸锌、葡萄糖酸锌、硬脂酸锌等。这些锌化合物可以单独使用1种,也可以组合使用2种以上。
处理剂中,设锌化合物和表面活性剂的合计含有比例为100质量%时,锌化合物的含有比例的下限没有特别限定,优选为0.001质量%以上、更优选为0.01质量%以上。该锌化合物的含有比例为0.001质量%以上的情况下,能够进一步降低所制备的水性液的起泡。该锌化合物的含有比例的上限没有特别限定,优选为5质量%以下、更优选为3质量%以下。该锌化合物的含有比例为5质量%以下的情况下,能够抑制后述的表面活性剂对赋予纺织特性所带来的影响。
表面活性剂可提高由处理剂得到的乳液的稳定性、提高水性液的外观。可作为平滑成分或集束成分对人造丝纤维赋予优异的纺织特性。作为表面活性剂,例如可以举出阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂等。这些表面活性剂可以单独使用1种,也可以组合使用2种以上。
作为阴离子表面活性剂的具体例,例如可以举出:(1)蓖麻油脂肪酸硫酸酯的碱金属盐、芝麻油脂肪酸硫酸酯的碱金属盐、妥尔油脂肪酸硫酸酯的碱金属盐、大豆油脂肪酸硫酸酯的碱金属盐、菜籽油脂肪酸硫酸酯的碱金属盐、棕榈油脂肪酸硫酸酯的碱金属盐、猪油脂肪酸硫酸酯的碱金属盐、牛油脂肪酸硫酸酯的碱金属盐、鲸油脂肪酸硫酸酯的碱金属盐等碳原子数8~24的脂肪酸的硫酸酯的碱金属盐;(2)月桂基硫酸酯的碱金属盐、十六烷基硫酸酯的碱金属盐、油基硫酸酯的碱金属盐、硬脂基硫酸酯的碱金属盐等碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇的硫酸酯的碱金属盐;(3)聚氧乙烯(氧化乙烯单元数为3、以下记为n=3)月桂基醚的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、聚氧乙烯(n=5)月桂基醚的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、聚氧乙烯(n=3)聚氧丙烯(氧化丙烯单元数为3、以下记为m=3)月桂基醚的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、聚氧乙烯(n=3)油基醚的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、聚氧乙烯(n=5)油基醚的硫酸酯的碱金属盐等在碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇上加成合计1~20摩尔(表示平均加成摩尔数)的碳原子数2~4的环氧烷而成的物质的硫酸酯的碱金属盐;(4)月桂基磷酸酯的碱金属盐、十六烷基磷酸酯的碱金属盐、油基磷酸酯的碱金属盐、硬脂基磷酸酯的碱金属盐等碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磷酸酯的碱金属盐;(5)月桂基磺酸酯的碱金属盐、十六烷基磺酸酯的碱金属盐、油基磺酸酯的碱金属盐、硬脂基磺酸酯的碱金属盐、十四烷磺酸酯的碱金属盐等碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磺酸的碱金属盐;(6)聚氧乙烯(n=5)月桂基醚磷酸酯的碱金属盐、聚氧乙烯(n=5)油基醚磷酸酯的碱金属盐、聚氧乙烯(n=10)硬脂基醚磷酸酯的碱金属盐等在脂肪族醇上加成合计1~20摩尔(表示平均加成摩尔数)的碳原子数2~4的环氧烷而成的物质的磷酸酯的碱金属盐;(7)蓖麻油的硫酸酯、芝麻油的硫酸酯、妥尔油的硫酸酯、大豆油的硫酸酯、菜籽油的硫酸酯、棕榈油的硫酸酯、猪油的硫酸酯、牛油的硫酸酯、鲸油的硫酸酯等油脂的硫酸酯、其胺盐或其碱金属盐等硫酸化油;(8)月桂酸的碱金属盐、油酸的碱金属盐、硬脂酸的碱金属盐等脂肪酸的碱金属盐;(9)二辛基磺化琥珀酸的碱金属盐等脂肪族醇的磺化琥珀酸酯的碱金属盐;等等。
作为构成上述阴离子表面活性剂的碱金属盐的具体例,例如可以举出钠盐、钾盐等。作为构成上述阴离子表面活性剂的胺盐的具体例,例如可以举出:(1)甲胺、二甲胺、三甲胺、乙胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、N,N-二异丙基乙胺、丁胺、二丁胺、2-甲基丁胺、三丁胺、辛胺、二甲基月桂胺等脂肪族胺;(2)苯胺、N-甲基苄基胺、吡啶、吗啉、哌嗪、它们的衍生物等芳香族胺类或杂环胺;(3)单乙醇胺、N-甲基乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、二丁基乙醇胺、丁基二乙醇胺、辛基二乙醇胺、月桂基二乙醇胺等烷醇胺;(4)N-甲基苄基胺等芳基胺;(5)聚氧乙烯月桂基氨基醚、聚氧乙烯硬脂基氨基醚等聚氧化烯烷基氨基醚;(6)氨;等等。
这些阴离子表面活性剂中,从提高由处理剂得到的乳液的稳定性、进一步提高水性液的外观的方面出发,优选(1)~(5)的阴离子表面活性剂、(7)的硫酸化油,从作为平滑成分对人造丝纤维赋予优异的纺织特性的方面出发,更优选(7)的硫酸化油。进而,从提高本发明的效果的方面出发,优选将选自(1)~(5)的阴离子表面活性剂中的至少一种与(7)的硫酸化油合用。
作为阳离子表面活性剂的具体例,例如可以举出月桂基三甲基氯化铵、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、硬脂基三甲基氯化铵、二十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵等。
关于非离子表面活性剂的种类,例如可以举出在醇类或羧酸类上加成环氧烷而成的化合物、羧酸类与多元醇的酯化合物、在羧酸类与多元醇的酯化合物上加成环氧烷而成的醚-酯化合物等。
关于作为非离子表面活性剂的原料使用的醇类的具体例,例如举出:(1)甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、戊醇、己醇、辛醇、壬醇、癸醇、十一烷醇、十二烷醇、十三烷醇、十四烷醇、十五烷醇、十六烷醇、十七烷醇、十八烷醇、十九烷醇、二十烷醇、二十一烷醇、二十二烷醇、二十三烷醇、二十四烷醇、二十五烷醇、二十六烷醇、二十七烷醇、二十八烷醇、二十九烷醇、三十烷醇等直链烷基醇;(2)异丙醇、异丁醇、异己醇、2-乙基己醇、异壬醇、异癸醇、异十二烷醇、异十三烷醇、异十四烷醇、异三十烷醇、异十六烷醇、异十七烷醇、异十八烷醇、异十九烷醇、异二十烷醇、异二十一烷醇、异二十二烷醇、异二十三烷醇、异二十四烷醇、异二十五烷醇、异二十六烷醇、异二十七烷醇、异二十八烷醇、异二十九烷醇、异十五烷醇等支链烷基醇;(3)十四碳烯醇、十六碳烯醇、十七碳烯醇、十八碳烯醇、十九碳烯醇等直链烯基醇;(4)异十六碳烯醇、异十八碳烯醇等支链烯基醇;(5)环戊醇、环己醇等环状烷基醇;(6)苯酚、苯甲醇、单苯乙烯化苯酚、二苯乙烯化苯酚、三苯乙烯化苯酚等芳香族系醇;等等。
关于作为非离子表面活性剂的原料使用的羧酸类的具体例,例如可以举出:(1)辛酸、壬酸、癸酸、十一烷酸、十二烷酸、十三烷酸、十四烷酸、十五烷酸、十六烷酸、十七烷酸、十八烷酸、十九烷酸、二十烷酸、二十一烷酸、山嵛酸等直链烷基羧酸;(2)2-乙基己酸、异十二烷酸、异十三烷酸、异十四烷酸、异十六烷酸、异十八烷酸等支链烷基羧酸;(3)十八碳烯酸、十八碳二烯酸、十八碳三烯酸等直链烯基羧酸;(4)苯甲酸等芳香族系羧酸;等等。
关于作为非离子表面活性剂的原料使用的环氧烷的具体例,例如可以举出环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷等。环氧烷的加成摩尔数可适宜地设定,优选为0.1~60摩尔、更优选为1~40摩尔、进一步优选为2~30摩尔。需要说明的是,环氧烷的加成摩尔数表示相对于投入原料中的醇类或羧酸类1摩尔的环氧烷的摩尔数。
关于作为非离子表面活性剂的原料使用的多元醇的具体例,例如可以举出乙二醇、丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2-甲基-1,2-丙二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、2,5-己二醇、2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇、2,3-二甲基-2,3-丁二醇、甘油、2-甲基-2-羟基甲基-1,3-丙二醇、2-乙基-2-羟基甲基-1,3-丙二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、山梨糖醇酐、季戊四醇、山梨糖醇等。
处理剂优选进一步含有在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油。通过混配该油,例如能够对人造丝纤维赋予纺织特性。并且可降低由包含该油和表面活性剂的处理剂制备的水性液的起泡。这些油可以单独使用1种,也可以组合使用2种以上。
油在70℃的状态可以根据JIS K 0064进行测定。
作为烃系化合物的具体例,例如可以举出矿物油、固体石蜡等。
作为油脂的具体例,例如可以举出蓖麻油、芝麻油、妥尔油、棕榈油、棕榈仁油、椰油、菜籽油、猪油、牛油、鲸油、它们的氢化油等。
作为酯的具体例,例如可以举出硬脂酸丁酯、硬脂酸十八酯、甘油单油酸酯、甘油三油酸酯、山梨糖醇酐单月桂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐三月桂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、山梨糖醇酐三油酸酯、山梨糖醇酐单硬脂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐三硬脂酸酯等。
处理剂中,设锌化合物、表面活性剂和上述油的合计含有比例为100质量%时,锌化合物的含有比例的下限没有特别限定,优选为0.001质量%以上、更优选为0.01质量%以上。该锌化合物的含有比例为0.001质量%以上的情况下,能够进一步降低所制备的水性液的起泡。该锌化合物的含有比例的上限没有特别限定,优选为1质量%以下。该锌化合物的含有比例为1质量%以下的情况下,能够进一步提高所制备的水性液的外观。
处理剂中,上述各成分的含量可从本发明的效果以及纺织特性的赋予等方面出发适宜地设定。例如以硫酸化油为1~30质量%、阴离子表面活性剂为1~50质量%、油为15~75质量%、非离子表面活性剂为30~80质量%的范围进行使用。
需要说明的是,在处理剂中,根据所使用的表面活性剂、油的成分,可能包含过渡金属离子。例如,在进行酯的合成时,作为催化剂使用Ti、Mo、Mn、Sn等过渡金属,因此残留过渡金属离子可能会包含在处理剂中。过渡金属离子也与Ca离子等同样地可得到降低起泡的效果。从发挥出降低水性液中的起泡的效果的方面出发、处理剂中的过渡金属离子浓度优选为10ppm~30000ppm、更优选为10ppm~10000ppm。
(第2实施方式)
接着对于将本发明的粘胶人造丝具体化的第2实施方式进行说明。本实施方式的粘胶人造丝上附着有第1实施方式的处理剂。作为附着方法,可以应用公知的方法,例如浸渍法、喷雾法、辊法、喷淋法、滴加-流下法等。另外,作为进行附着的工序没有特别限定,例如可以举出精炼工序的后工序、纺织工序等。特别优选在精炼工序的后工序、即纺织工序之前用于纺织用原绵。
作为使第1实施方式的处理剂附着于粘胶人造丝纤维时的处理剂的形态,例如可以举出水性液等。需要说明的是,在不妨碍本发明效果的范围内包含少量的有机溶剂也是无妨的。粘胶人造丝纤维的处理方法优选下述方法:将第1实施方式的处理剂用水稀释,制成例如浓度0.5~30质量%的水性液,使该水性液按照相对于粘胶人造丝纤维以不包含溶剂的第1实施方式的处理剂为0.01~1质量%的比例的方式进行附着。通过以该比例赋予,特别能够对人造丝纤维赋予优异的纺织特性。
(第3实施方式)
对于将本发明的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液(以下也称为水性液)具体化的第3实施方式进行说明。水性液包含含有表面活性剂的粘胶人造丝用处理剂、锌化合物、以及水。本发明中的水性液不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物。即,本发明的水性液与这样的遮蔽组合物不同,其不用于织物等布料的遮蔽加工。另外,本发明的水性液与作为粘胶人造丝纺丝浴使用的水性液不同,其不用于纺丝后的粘胶人造丝。
表面活性剂可提高包含处理剂的水性液的乳化稳定性,提高水性液的外观。表面活性剂的具体例可以采用第1实施方式中记载的具体例。
锌化合物可降低包含表面活性剂的水性液的起泡。水性液可以在将处理剂与锌化合物混合后与水混合来制备,也可以在将处理剂与水混合后混配锌化合物来制备。锌化合物的具体例可以采用第1实施方式中记载的具体例。
在水性液中,设锌化合物、表面活性剂和水的合计含有比例为100质量%时,锌化合物的含有比例的下限没有特别限定,优选为0.00001质量%以上、更优选为0.0001质量%以上。该锌化合物的含有比例为0.00001质量%以上的情况下,能够进一步降低水性液的起泡。该锌化合物的含有比例的上限没有特别限定,优选为0.4质量%以下、更优选为0.35质量%以下。该锌化合物的含有比例为0.4质量%以下的情况下,能够进一步提高水性液的外观。
水性液优选进一步含有在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油。通过混配该油,例如能够对人造丝纤维赋予纺织特性。该油的具体例可以采用第1实施方式中记载的具体例。
在处理剂中,设锌化合物、表面活性剂、上述油和水的合计含有比例为100质量%时,锌化合物的含有比例的下限没有特别限定,优选为0.00001质量%以上、更优选为0.0001质量%以上。该锌化合物的含有比例为0.00001质量%以上的情况下,能够进一步降低水性液的起泡。该锌化合物的含有比例的上限没有特别限定,优选为0.3质量%以下。该锌化合物的含有比例为0.3质量%以下的情况下,能够进一步提高水性液的外观。
水性液中,上述各成分的含量可从本发明的效果以及纺织特性的赋予等方面出发适宜地设定。例如以硫酸化油为0.001~6质量%、阴离子表面活性剂为0.001~10质量%、油为0.02~18质量%、非离子表面活性剂为0.03~21质量%、水为70~99.9质量%的范围进行使用。
水性液中的溶剂以外的固体成分浓度根据对人造丝的附着方法等适宜地设定,例如为浓度0.5~30质量%。
(第4实施方式)
接着对于将本发明的粘胶人造丝具体化的第4实施方式进行说明。本实施方式的粘胶人造丝上附着有第3实施方式的水性液。作为附着方法,可以应用公知的方法,例如浸渍法、喷雾法、辊法、喷淋法、滴加-流下法等。另外,作为进行附着的工序没有特别限定,例如可以举出精炼工序的后工序、纺织工序等。特别优选在精炼工序的后工序、即纺织工序之前用于纺织用原绵。水性液优选按照相对于粘胶人造丝纤维以不包含溶剂的固体成分(锌化合物、表面活性剂和上述油的合计)计为0.01~1质量%的比例的方式进行附着。通过以该比例赋予,特别能够对人造丝纤维赋予优异的纺织特性。
对本实施方式的处理剂、水性液以及粘胶人造丝的作用和效果进行说明。
(1)本实施方式的处理剂或水性液含有锌化合物。因此,能够降低由处理剂制备水性液时以及使用水性液时的起泡、特别是使水性液附着的工序中的起泡。另外,表面活性剂可提高由处理剂得到的乳液的稳定性、提高水性液的外观。
(2)即使在将本实施方式的处理剂或水性液利用浸渍法、喷雾法、喷淋法、滴加-流下法等特别容易起泡的使用方法赋予至纤维的情况下,也能够降低起泡。
(3)本实施方式的处理剂或水性液能够提高乳液的稳定性、降低起泡。因此,特别是在精炼工序的后工序、即纺织工序之前用于纺织用原绵的情况下,能够将处理剂或水性液均匀地赋予至粘胶人造丝,进一步提高纺织特性。
上述实施方式可以如下进行变更来实施。上述实施方式以及下述变更例可以在技术上不矛盾的范围内相互组合来实施。
●在上述实施方式的处理剂或水性液中,可以在不妨碍本发明效果的范围内,作为用于保持处理剂或水性液的品质的稳定剂或电荷控制剂,进一步混配上述以外的表面活性剂、防静电剂、连接剂、抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、pH调节剂等通常用于处理剂或水性液中的成分。
●作为上述实施方式的水性液的制备时使用的水的种类没有特别限定,可以为几乎不含杂质的蒸馏水、含有Ca离子、Mg离子等的硬水或软水。从可得到基于Ca离子、Mg离子的降低起泡的效果的方面出发,优选应用软水或硬水。从发挥出降低起泡的效果的方面出发,水性液中的Ca离子等金属离子浓度优选为0.1ppm~10000ppm、更优选为0.1ppm~100ppm。
另外,在处理剂中,根据所使用的表面活性剂、油的成分,可能包含过渡金属离子。例如,在进行酯的合成时,作为催化剂使用Ti、Mo、Mn、Sn等过渡金属,因此残留过渡金属离子可能会包含在处理剂中。过渡金属离子也与Ca离子等同样地可得到降低起泡的效果。从发挥出降低起泡的效果的方面出发,水性液中的过渡金属离子浓度优选为0.1ppm~10000ppm、更优选为0.1ppm~1000ppm。
实施例
以下,为了更具体地说明本发明的构成和效果,举出实施例等,但本发明并不限于这些实施例。需要说明的是,以下的实施例和比较例的说明中,份是指质量份,并且%是指质量%。
试验分组1(粘胶人造丝用处理剂的制备)
(实施例1)
作为处理剂的原料,使用下述材料。需要说明的是,各成分的数值表示处理剂中的含量。
锌化合物:乙酸锌(A-1)0.1%
阴离子表面活性剂:妥尔油脂肪酸的硫酸酯的钠盐(B-1)3%
阴离子表面活性剂:聚氧乙烯(n=3)油基醚的硫酸酯的钠盐(B-2)3%
阴离子表面活性剂(硫酸化油):牛油硫酸酯的钠盐(C-2)9%
非离子表面活性剂:聚氧乙烯(n=5)硬脂酸酯(D-1)9%
非离子表面活性剂:聚氧乙烯(n=10)油酸酯(D-2)39.9%
油:20℃的粘度为10mm2/s的矿物油(E-1)15%
油:牛油(E-2)21%
(实施例2~20和比较例1,2)
除了采用表1所示的材料和混配比例以外,利用与实施例1相同的过程制备处理剂。将各例中使用的各成分的种类、处理剂中的各成分的含有比例(%)示于表1的“锌化合物”栏、“阴离子表面活性剂”栏、“非离子表面活性剂”栏和“油”栏中。
[表1]
表1中,
A-1表示乙酸锌、
A-2表示硫酸锌、
A-3表示硝酸锌、
B-1表示妥尔油脂肪酸的硫酸酯的钠盐、
B-2表示聚氧乙烯(n=3)油基醚的硫酸酯的钠盐、
B-3表示月桂基磺酸的钠盐、
B-4表示月桂基磷酸酯的钾盐、
B-5表示月桂基硫酸酯的钠盐、
B-6表示聚氧乙烯(n=3)月桂基醚的硫酸酯的钠盐、
C-1表示猪油硫酸酯的钠盐、
C-2表示牛油硫酸酯的钠盐、
C-3表示蓖麻油硫酸酯的钠盐、
C-4表示芝麻油硫酸酯的钠盐、
C-5表示妥尔油硫酸酯的钠盐、
C-6表示蓖麻油硫酸酯的三乙醇胺盐、
D-1表示聚氧乙烯(n=5)硬脂酸酯、
D-2表示聚氧乙烯(n=10)油酸酯、
D-3表示聚氧乙烯(n=10)硬脂酸酯、
D-4表示聚氧乙烯(n=3)油酸酯、
D-5表示聚氧乙烯(n=13)油酸酯、
D-6表示聚氧乙烯(n=10)月桂酸酯、
D-7表示聚氧乙烯(n=8)月桂酸酯、
D-8表示聚氧乙烯(n=20)山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、
E-1表示20℃的粘度为10mm2/s的矿物油、
E-2表示牛油、
E-3表示20℃的粘度为31mm2/s的矿物油、
E-4表示山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、
E-5表示固体石蜡(熔点56℃)、
F-1表示水、
*1表示设锌化合物和表面活性剂的合计含有比例为100质量%的情况下的锌化合物的含有比例。
试验分组2(处理剂的评价)
(评价试验)
使用实施例1~20和比较例1、2的处理剂,进行水性液外观和水性液泡试验。各试验的过程如下所示。并且将试验结果示于表1的“水性液外观”栏和“水性液泡试验”栏中。
(水性液外观)
向按照上述混配比例制备的各例的处理剂10份中加入水990份,在50℃进行搅拌,制备含有1%处理剂的水性液。基于下述基准目视确认水性液的外观,并进行评价。
●水性液外观的评价基准
◎(优):未观察到浮渣的析出的情况
○(良):稍有浮渣析出,但为浮在表面的程度,不是在实用上成为问题的水平的情况
×(不良):浮渣大量析出,外观不良的情况
(水性液泡试验)
使用蒸馏水,制备试验分组1中得到的处理剂的1%水性液后,保温在50℃。接着将该水性液25g装入100mL带有磨口塞的量筒中,以30秒进行30次强振,静置30秒后,再次以30秒进行30次强振。静置5分钟后,测定从水面起到泡的上表面为止的高度。
●水性液泡试验的评价基准
◎(优):从水面起到泡的上表面为止的高度小于5cm的情况
○(良):从水面起到泡的上表面为止的高度为5cm以上且小于10cm的情况
×(不良):从水面起到泡的上表面为止的高度为10cm以上的情况
由表1的结果可知,根据本发明,具有能够抑制水性液的起泡而不会使水性液的外观变差的效果。
试验分组3(粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液的制备)
(实施例21)
作为水性液的原料,使用以下的材料。需要说明的是,各成分的数值表示水性液中的含量。
锌化合物:乙酸锌(A-1)0.001%
阴离子表面活性剂:妥尔油脂肪酸的硫酸酯的钠盐(B-1)0.03%
阴离子表面活性剂:聚氧乙烯(n=3)油基醚的硫酸酯的钠盐(B-2)0.03%
阴离子表面活性剂(硫酸化油):牛油硫酸酯的钠盐(C-2)0.09%
非离子表面活性剂:聚氧乙烯(n=5)硬脂酸酯(D-1)0.09%
非离子表面活性剂:聚氧乙烯(n=10)油酸酯(D-2)0.399%
油:20℃的粘度为10mm2/s的矿物油(E-1)0.15%
油:牛油(E-2)0.21%
向按照上述混配比例制备的处理剂10份中加入水990份,在50℃进行搅拌,制备含有1%处理剂的水性液。
(实施例22~40和比较例3、4)
除了采用表2所示的材料和混配比例以外,利用与实施例21同样的过程制备水性液。将各例中使用的各成分的种类、水性液中的各成分的含有比例(%)示于表2的“锌化合物”栏、“阴离子表面活性剂”栏、“非离子表面活性剂”栏、“油”栏和“水”栏中。
[表2]
表2中的A-1等的成分标记与表1中相同,
*2表示设锌化合物、表面活性剂和水的合计含有比例为100质量%的情况下的锌化合物的含有比例。
试验分组4(水性液的评价)
(评价试验)
使用实施例21~40和比较例3、4的水性液,进行水性液外观和水性液泡试验。评价方法和评价基准与试验分组2相同。并且将试验结果示于表2的“水性液外观”栏和“水性液泡试验”栏中。
由表2的结果可知,根据本发明,具有能够抑制水性液的起泡而不会使水性液的外观变差的效果。
本发明还包括下述方式。
(附记1)
一种粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其特征在于,其包含锌化合物和表面活性剂。
(附记2)
如附记1所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其中,上述表面活性剂包含选自阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂中的至少一者。
(附记3)
如附记2所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其中,上述表面活性剂包含上述阴离子表面活性剂,上述阴离子表面活性剂含有选自油脂的硫酸酯、油脂的硫酸酯的胺盐和油脂的硫酸酯的碱金属盐中的至少一种硫酸化油。
(附记4)
如附记2或3所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其中,上述表面活性剂包含上述阴离子表面活性剂,上述阴离子表面活性剂包含选自碳原子数8~24的脂肪酸的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、在碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇上加成合计1~20摩尔的碳原子数2~4的环氧烷而成的物质的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磷酸酯的碱金属盐和碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磺酸的碱金属盐中的至少一者。
(附记5)
如附记1~4中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其中,设上述锌化合物和上述表面活性剂的合计含有比例为100质量%时,上述锌化合物的含有比例为0.001~5质量%。
(附记6)
如附记1~5中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其进一步含有在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油。
(附记7)
如附记6所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其中,设上述锌化合物、上述表面活性剂和上述油的合计含有比例为100质量%时,上述锌化合物的含有比例为0.001~1质量%。
(附记8)
如附记1~7中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其用于纺织用原绵。
(附记9)
一种粘胶人造丝,其特征在于,其附着有附记1~8中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂。
(附记10)
一种粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其特征在于,其包含含有表面活性剂的粘胶人造丝用处理剂、锌化合物、以及水。
(附记11)
如附记10所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其中,上述表面活性剂包含选自阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂中的至少一者。
(附记12)
如附记11所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其中,上述表面活性剂包含上述阴离子表面活性剂,上述阴离子表面活性剂含有选自油脂的硫酸酯、油脂的硫酸酯的胺盐和油脂的硫酸酯的碱金属盐中的至少一种硫酸化油。
(附记13)
如附记11或12所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其中,上述表面活性剂包含上述阴离子表面活性剂,上述阴离子表面活性剂包含选自碳原子数8~24的脂肪酸的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、在碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇上加成合计1~20摩尔的碳原子数2~4的环氧烷而成的物质的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磷酸酯的碱金属盐和碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磺酸的碱金属盐中的至少一者。
(附记14)
如附记10~13中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其中,设上述锌化合物、上述表面活性剂和水的合计含有比例为100质量%时,上述锌化合物的含有比例为0.00001~0.4质量%。
(附记15)
如附记10~14中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其进一步含有在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油。
(附记16)
如附记15所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其中,设上述锌化合物、上述表面活性剂、上述油和水的合计含有比例为100质量%时,上述锌化合物的含有比例为0.00001~0.3质量%。
(附记17)
如附记10~16中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其用于纺织用原绵。
(附记18)
一种粘胶人造丝,其特征在于,其附着有附记10~17中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液。
(附记19)
一种粘胶人造丝的制造方法,其特征在于,其经历使含有锌化合物和表面活性剂的水性液附着于粘胶人造丝的工序。
(附记20)
如附记19所述的粘胶人造丝的制造方法,其中,上述水性液进一步包含在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油。
(附记21)
如附记20所述的粘胶人造丝的制造方法,其中,上述水性液中的锌化合物的含有比例为0.00001~0.3质量%。
(附记22)
如附记20或21所述的粘胶人造丝的制造方法,其中,按照相对于粘胶人造丝使上述锌化合物、上述表面活性剂和上述油的合计为0.01~1.0质量%的方式进行附着。
Claims (30)
1.一种粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其特征在于,其包含锌化合物和表面活性剂,该处理剂不包括添加在纺丝浴中的处理剂或者含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物。
2.一种粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其特征在于,其包含锌化合物、表面活性剂、以及在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油,该处理剂不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其中,所述表面活性剂包含选自阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂中的至少一者。
4.一种粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其特征在于,其包含锌化合物、以及作为表面活性剂的至少阴离子表面活性剂,该处理剂不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其进一步包含非离子表面活性剂。
6.根据权利要求3~5中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其中,所述表面活性剂包含所述阴离子表面活性剂,所述阴离子表面活性剂含有选自油脂的硫酸酯、油脂的硫酸酯的胺盐和油脂的硫酸酯的碱金属盐中的至少一种硫酸化油。
7.根据权利要求3~6中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其中,所述表面活性剂包含所述阴离子表面活性剂,所述阴离子表面活性剂包含选自碳原子数8~24的脂肪酸的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、在碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇上加成合计1~20摩尔的碳原子数2~4的环氧烷而成的物质的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磷酸酯的碱金属盐和碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磺酸的碱金属盐中的至少一者。
8.根据权利要求1、4、5中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其中,设所述锌化合物和所述表面活性剂的合计含有比例为100质量%时,所述锌化合物的含有比例为0.001质量%~5质量%。
9.根据权利要求1或4所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其进一步含有在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油。
10.根据权利要求2或9所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其中,设所述锌化合物、所述表面活性剂和所述油的合计含有比例为100质量%时,所述锌化合物的含有比例为0.001质量%~1质量%。
11.根据权利要求1~10中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂,其被用于纺织用原绵。
12.一种粘胶人造丝,其特征在于,其附着有权利要求1~11中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂。
13.一种粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其特征在于,其包含含有表面活性剂的粘胶人造丝用处理剂、锌化合物、以及水,该水性液不包括纺丝浴或者含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物。
14.一种粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其特征在于,其包含:含有表面活性剂以及在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油的粘胶人造丝用处理剂;锌化合物;以及水,该水性液不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其中,所述表面活性剂包含选自阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂中的至少一者。
16.一种粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其特征在于,其包含:至少包含阴离子表面活性剂作为表面活性剂的粘胶人造丝用处理剂;锌化合物;以及水,该水性液不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物。
17.根据权利要求16所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其进一步包含非离子表面活性剂。
18.根据权利要求15~17中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其中,所述表面活性剂包含所述阴离子表面活性剂,所述阴离子表面活性剂含有选自油脂的硫酸酯、油脂的硫酸酯的胺盐和油脂的硫酸酯的碱金属盐中的至少一种硫酸化油。
19.根据权利要求15~18中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其中,所述表面活性剂包含所述阴离子表面活性剂,所述阴离子表面活性剂包含选自碳原子数8~24的脂肪酸的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、在碳原子数8~24的脂肪族醇上加成合计1~20摩尔的碳原子数2~4的环氧烷而成的物质的硫酸酯的碱金属盐、碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磷酸酯的碱金属盐和碳原子数8~24的脂肪族烷基磺酸的碱金属盐中的至少一者。
20.根据权利要求13、16、17中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其中,设所述锌化合物、所述表面活性剂和水的合计含有比例为100质量%时,所述锌化合物的含有比例为0.00001质量%~0.4质量%。
21.根据权利要求13或16所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其进一步含有在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油。
22.根据权利要求14或21所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其中,设所述锌化合物、所述表面活性剂、所述油和水的合计含有比例为100质量%时,所述锌化合物的含有比例为0.00001质量%~0.3质量%。
23.根据权利要求13~22中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液,其用于纺织用原绵。
24.一种粘胶人造丝,其特征在于,其附着有权利要求13~23中任一项所述的粘胶人造丝用处理剂的水性液。
25.一种粘胶人造丝的制造方法,其特征在于,其经历使含有锌化合物和表面活性剂的水性液附着于粘胶人造丝的工序,该水性液不包括纺丝浴或者含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物。
26.一种粘胶人造丝的制造方法,其特征在于,其经历使含有锌化合物、表面活性剂、以及在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油的水性液附着于粘胶人造丝的工序,该水性液不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物。
27.一种粘胶人造丝的制造方法,其特征在于,其经历使含有锌化合物和作为表面活性剂的至少阴离子表面活性剂的水性液附着于粘胶人造丝的工序,该水性液不包括含有结合有单偶氮色素的磺化酞菁锌化合物的遮蔽组合物。
28.根据权利要求25或27所述的粘胶人造丝的制造方法,其中,所述水性液进一步包含在70℃呈液态的选自烃系化合物、油脂和酯中的至少一种油。
29.根据权利要求26或28所述的粘胶人造丝的制造方法,其中,所述水性液中的锌化合物的含有比例为0.00001质量%~0.3质量%。
30.根据权利要求28或29所述的粘胶人造丝的制造方法,其中,按照相对于粘胶人造丝使所述锌化合物、所述表面活性剂和所述油的合计为0.01~1.0质量%的方式进行附着。
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