CN114543146A - Villages and small towns heating system based on phase change heat storage and multi-energy complementation - Google Patents
Villages and small towns heating system based on phase change heat storage and multi-energy complementation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000018199 S phase Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/02—Hot-water central heating systems with forced circulation, e.g. by pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/10—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors using latent heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a village and town heating system based on phase change heat storage and multi-energy complementation, which comprises a heat source side and a user side, wherein the heat source side comprises a solar heat collecting system, a middle-deep geothermal heat supply system, an electric heater and a phase change heat storage heat exchange box, the phase change heat storage heat exchange box is provided with two stages, the electric heater is arranged in the first stage, the solar heat collecting system is connected with the two stages of phase change heat storage heat exchange boxes to form a first heat storage loop and is connected with the second stage of phase change heat storage heat exchange box to form a second heat storage loop, a geothermal well of the middle-deep geothermal heat supply system is connected with the second stage of phase change heat storage heat exchange box to form a third heat storage loop, the two stages of phase change heat storage heat exchange boxes are connected with the user side to form a first heating loop, and the second stage of phase change heat storage heat exchange boxes is connected with the user side to form a second heating loop. The invention can meet the requirements that village and town residents adopt large temperature difference for heating at night and small temperature difference for heating in the daytime, and can ensure the continuity and stability of heating by adopting the complementation of two clean energy sources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heating ventilation air conditioners, and particularly relates to a town heating system based on phase change heat storage and multi-energy complementation.
Background
The traditional heating system for villages and small towns utilizes the flue gas generated by the cooking range to heat, although the requirement of heating of residents in winter is met to a certain extent, the problems of poor continuous heating stability and environmental pollution exist, and along with the improvement of the requirement of indoor thermal environment of residents in villages and small towns in winter and the requirement of environmental protection, the heating system for villages and small towns changes the existing heating form imperatively.
Because of the production and living habits of village and town residents, people frequently enter and exit rooms in the daytime, the clothes level is based on the fact that people do not feel cold in outdoor activities in a short time, and therefore it is determined that the daytime heating design temperature of the village and the town is lower than that of the city, a large number of research results also show that most northern villages consider that the indoor and outdoor temperature difference in the daytime in winter cannot be too large, so that the heating requirements that the village and the town residents have different temperature differences in the daytime and at night are met, the conventional heating system mostly adopts constant supply and return water temperature difference to achieve stable heating effect, and the actual requirements of the village and the town residents on winter heating are difficult to adapt.
Solar energy is used as a clean renewable energy source, is widely distributed, has great development and utilization potential, and is an excellent choice for a heat source in heating engineering. However, a single solar energy system is greatly influenced by weather, has intermittent and unreliable energy supply, cannot provide continuous and stable high-density energy source in night and rainy weather, and can be considered to be combined with other energy sources such as geothermal energy and heat storage technology for use.
The energy storage technology can relieve the mismatching of energy supply and demand parties in time, space and strength, and the phase change energy storage technology is characterized in that a phase change material is used for absorbing or releasing a large amount of latent heat in the process of change of a state so as to realize the storage and release of energy, so that the energy storage density is greatly improved compared with sensible heat energy storage. The constant temperature time of heating can be prolonged by utilizing the phase-change temperature control characteristic of the phase-change material, and the reasonable use of the phase-change material can maintain the stability of the indoor temperature for a long time under the condition of intermittent heating.
Chinese patent No. ZL202011005935.0 discloses a phase-change temperature-control heated kang suitable for heating in villages and towns in winter, which comprises heated kang plates, metal corrugated pipes and heating wires, wherein phase-change materials melted at high temperature are filled in the metal corrugated pipes. The heated brick bed can basically maintain the constant temperature of the surface of the heated brick bed all day in the day by storing heat during cooking in the day, and the heated brick bed is heated by the electric heating wires at night. Although the phase-change temperature-control heated brick bed well utilizes the phase-change heat storage technology, the phase-change temperature-control heated brick bed is only limited to heating in the daytime, and is poor in economical efficiency because electric heating is adopted at night with high demand. In addition, the tail end of the heated kang can not bring a good thermal environment to the whole indoor environment, and along with the rapid development of the rural areas at present, the traditional bedding of the heated kang is gradually replaced, so that a combination mode of a phase change heat storage technology and a novel heating tail end is considered in the heating of the villages and the small towns.
Chinese patent ZL201710830052.5 discloses a solar ground source heat pump combined energy supply system and an operation control method thereof. By analyzing the time period of hot water supply required by a domestic hot water demand user, solar energy and a ground source heat pump are used for supplying energy in a combined manner; in the time period when domestic hot water is not needed to be supplied, the heat in the solar heat collector is used for soil heat compensation. Although the system realizes the combined energy supply of solar energy and a ground source heat pump, when end users are scattered, the heat utilization is not regular and can be circulated, and the balance of soil heat extraction and heat supplement is difficult to realize. In addition, the water tank is adopted to store heat, so that the heat storage amount is small, and the solar energy cannot be fully utilized under the better illumination condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a village and town heating system based on phase change heat storage and multi-energy complementation for solving the technical problems in the prior art, the system can meet the requirements of village and town residents on heating by large temperature difference at night and small temperature difference at daytime, and two clean energy sources are used for realizing complementation heating, so that the continuity and stability of heating can be ensured, and the environment cannot be polluted.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems in the prior art is as follows: a villages and small towns heating system based on phase change heat storage and multi-energy complementation comprises a heat source side and a user side, wherein the heat source side comprises a solar heat collecting system, a middle-deep-layer geothermal heat supply system, an electric heater and a phase change heat storage heat exchange box, the phase change heat storage heat exchange box is provided with two stages, the electric heater is arranged in a first-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box, the solar heat collecting system, the first-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box and a second-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box are sequentially connected in series to form a first heat storage loop, the solar heat collecting system and the second-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box are connected to form a second heat storage loop, the middle-deep-layer geothermal heat supply system is provided with a geothermal well, the geothermal well and the second-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box are connected to form a third heat storage loop, and the first-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box and the second-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box are connected with the user side to form a first heating loop, the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box is connected with a user side to form a second heating loop; the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material filled in the first-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box is higher than that of the phase-change material filled in the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box.
And a heat exchange component is connected between the geothermal well and the second-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box.
The heat exchange component is a primary heat exchange component, and the primary heat exchange component is a plate heat exchanger.
The heat exchange component also comprises a secondary heat exchange component, and the secondary heat exchange component is a ground source heat pump unit.
The terminal floor heating structure that adopts of heating of user side, floor heating structure is from supreme structural layer, heat preservation, heat accumulation layer and the screed-coat of being equipped with in proper order down, the heat accumulation layer is filled by phase change material and is formed the hot water coil pipe has been buried underground in the phase change material of heat accumulation layer, the phase change temperature of the phase change material of heat accumulation layer compares the phase change temperature of the phase change material that second grade phase change heat storage heat transfer case was filled is low, than heating indoor design temperature height.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the solar heat collecting system and the middle and deep geothermal heat supply system are adopted as main heat sources and are used for heating residents in villages and small towns in winter, so that the environment is not polluted; the phase-change heat storage and exchange box is adopted to store and release heat by using the phase-change material, so that the mismatching of energy supply and demand parties in time and intensity can be relieved; adopt the independent phase change heat storage heat transfer case of two-stage, the phase change temperature of phase change material is different in the two-stage phase change heat storage heat transfer incasement, correspond two-stage phase change heat storage heat transfer case, through designing different solar energy heat storage mode in the heat source side, and complementary with geothermal energy, adopt supplementary the replenishment of electric energy simultaneously, can guarantee the continuity and the stability of heating, the heat supply corresponding to two-stage phase change heat storage heat transfer case, the different operating condition of user side design, change terminal supply return water difference in temperature through valve control, can satisfy the different heating demands of different periods of villages and small towns user heating, adopt big difference in temperature heating at night, adopt little difference in temperature heating in the daytime. In conclusion, the solar energy and geothermal energy complementary heating system effectively applies solar energy and geothermal energy to heating of villages and towns on the basis of meeting the heating requirements of residents of the villages and the towns in different time periods, and has good technical feasibility and wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a solar water heater; 2. a geothermal well; 3. a plate heat exchanger; 4. a ground source heat pump unit; 5. a phase change heat storage heat exchange tank; 6. an electric heater; 7; a first-stage phase-change heat storage and exchange box; 8. a spiral tube; 9. a second-stage phase-change heat storage and exchange box; 10. a water separator; 11. a water collector; 12. leveling layer; 13. a hot water coil; 14. a heat storage layer; 15. a heat-insulating layer; 16. a structural layer; P1-P5 and a circulating water pump; v1, combination valve; V2-V4 and a common valve; v5, a confluence tee; v6, and a shunt tee.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, a village and town heating system based on phase change thermal storage and multi-energy complementation comprises a heat source side and a user side.
The heat source side comprises a solar heat collecting system, a middle-deep geothermal heat supply system, an electric heater 6 and a phase change heat storage heat exchange box 5.
The phase change heat storage heat exchange box 5 is provided with two stages, and the electric heater 6 is arranged in the first stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box 7.
The solar heat collection system is sequentially connected with the first-stage phase-change heat storage and exchange box 7 and the second-stage phase-change heat storage and exchange box 9 in series to form a first heat storage loop.
The solar heat collection system is connected with the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box 9 to form a second heat storage loop.
The medium-deep geothermal heating system is provided with a geothermal well 2, and the geothermal well 2 is connected with the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box 9 to form a third heat storage loop.
The first-stage phase-change heat-storage heat exchange box 7 and the second-stage phase-change heat-storage heat exchange box 9 which are connected in series are connected with a user side to form a first heating loop.
And the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box 9 is connected with a user side to form a second heating loop.
The phase-change temperature of the phase-change material filled in the first-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box is higher than that of the phase-change material filled in the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box.
According to the system, the solar heat collection system and the middle-deep geothermal heat supply system are used as main heat sources to provide heat for the phase-change heat storage heat exchange box, a user heats the heat from the phase-change heat storage heat exchange box, and solar energy, geothermal energy and other energy sources are reasonably complemented and used for heating users in villages and small towns through heat storage and heat release of the phase-change material.
In the first heating loop, the first-stage phase-change heat-storage heat exchange box 7 and the second-stage phase-change heat-storage heat exchange box 9 are connected in series through a spiral pipe 8.
The solar heat collecting device of the solar heat collecting system adopts a common solar water heater 1 in a village and town family, the solar water heater is provided with a temperature sensor and a display interface, the hot water temperature can be checked in real time, and different control strategies can be conveniently selected according to different hot water temperatures in the solar water heater.
The outlet water of the solar water heater flows into the phase-change heat storage heat exchange box, releases heat to the phase-change material in the heat storage heat exchange box and then returns to the solar water heater through the circulating pump to be heated again, the outlet water of the solar water heater is mainly used for storing heat to the first-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box, a corresponding valve is arranged on a pipeline, and when the solar energy density is low, the outlet water can be controlled to only enter the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box.
The phase-change heat storage and exchange box 5 on the heat source side is provided with two stages of heat storage boxes which are respectively filled with phase-change materials with different phase-change temperatures so as to meet the heat storage of heat sources with different temperatures, effectively utilize low-temperature heat sources and meet the requirement of temperature difference of supply water and return water on the user side.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, a heat exchange component is connected between the geothermal well 2 and the second-stage phase-change heat-storage heat exchange tank 9. More specifically, the heat exchange component may be only a primary heat exchange component, or may be provided with both a primary heat exchange component and a secondary heat exchange component, and in this embodiment, there are two heat exchange components, which are the primary heat exchange component-the plate heat exchanger 3 and the secondary heat exchange component-the ground source heat pump unit 4, respectively.
In this embodiment, the heat source side intermediate-deep geothermal heat supply system mainly includes a geothermal well 2, a plate heat exchanger 3, a ground source heat pump unit 4, and a corresponding water pump and valve, and the intermediate-deep geothermal heat supply system is configured to store heat to the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box. The process is as follows: the outlet water of the geothermal well firstly flows through the plate heat exchanger, flows into the ground source heat pump unit for cascade utilization after primary heat exchange in the heat exchanger, enlarges the utilization temperature difference of geothermal water, and is pressurized and recharged by the circulating pump, so that the condition that water is not taken when heat is taken is ensured. Hot water obtained by the plate heat exchanger and the ground source heat pump unit flows into the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box 9 for heat storage after converging through the three-way valve, heat is released to the phase-change material and then flows into the plate heat exchanger and the heat pump unit respectively through the three-way shunt valve, and circulating pumps P3 and P4 are arranged at water return ports of the plate heat exchanger and the heat pump unit and used for ensuring normal operation of a water system.
For the energy saving, realize intermittent heating, the terminal floor heating structure that adopts of heating of user side, floor heating structure is from supreme structural layer 16, heat preservation 15, heat accumulation layer 14 and the screed-coat 12 of being equipped with in proper order down, heat accumulation layer 14 is filled by phase change material and is formed heat accumulation layer 14 is buried hot water coil 13 underground, heat accumulation layer 14's phase change material's phase change temperature ratio phase change material's that second grade phase change heat storage heat exchange box 9 was filled phase change temperature is low, than heating indoor design temperature height. The terminal heat accumulation layer of above-mentioned heating is different from traditional radiation heating terminal, and the heat accumulation layer adopts phase change material to fill to form, and phase change heat accumulation is compared in concrete sensible heat accumulation surface heat flow density fluctuation little, and the heating time is long, can take intermittent type heating strategy when the heating demand is lower daytime.
The solar heat collection system has three operation modes:
firstly) when the solar radiation intensity is higher, the temperature of hot water is higher than the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the first-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box 7, the valve V1 is closed, the valve V2 is opened, and the hot water flows through the two-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange boxes in sequence to release heat and then flows back to the solar water heater through the circulating pump P1.
Second) when the solar radiation intensity is lower, the temperature of the hot water is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the first-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box 7 but higher than the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the second-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box 9, at this time, the valve V1 is opened, the valve V2 is closed, the hot water directly enters the second-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange box 9 for heat storage, and the hot water flows back to the solar water heater through the circulating pump P1 after releasing heat.
And thirdly) when the weather is rainy, the temperature of the hot water is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the second phase change heat-storage heat-exchange box 9, and at the moment, the valves V1 and V2 and the water pump P1 are temporarily closed to wait for the temperature of the water to rise.
For a middle-deep geothermal heating system, the effluent of the geothermal well firstly flows through the plate heat exchanger 3, flows into the ground source heat pump unit 4 after heat exchange, releases heat in the heat pump unit again and then is recharged back through the circulating water pump P2.
For the medium-deep geothermal heating system, water discharged from the user side of the plate heat exchanger and water discharged from the condensation side of the heat pump unit enter the second phase-change heat storage heat exchange box 9 together for heat storage after passing through the confluence tee joint V5, and after heat release, the water respectively flows back to the plate heat exchanger and the heat pump unit through the diversion tee joint and the circulating water pumps P3 and P4 for reheating.
For the medium-deep geothermal heating system, if the solar hot water meets the heat storage requirement of the second phase-change heat storage heat exchange box 9, namely the temperature in the second phase-change heat storage heat exchange box is higher than the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material, the medium-deep geothermal heating system does not need to be started.
The electric heater 6 is not required to be started under the conventional condition, but the solar heat collection system cannot meet the temperature requirement of the first-stage phase-change heat storage and exchange box 7, namely the temperature in the phase-change heat storage and exchange box 7 is lower than the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material, and the electric heater 6 is started to assist in heating when the temperature of the heat storage layer 14 is lower than the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material at night.
The user side heating can be divided into three operation conditions:
firstly), under the working condition of heating at night, the valve V3 is opened, the valve V4 is closed, and the user side backwater flows into the second phase-change heat-storage heat exchange box and the first phase-change heat-storage heat exchange box in sequence through the water collector 11 and the circulating water pump P5 to be heated and then flows into the radiation tail end for heating through the water separator 10. When heating at night, the backwater of the water collector flows through the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box and the first-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box in sequence for heating, then the water collector is used for heating of a user, the temperature difference of the backwater supply is large in the form, and the water collector is suitable for supplying water to the tail end of the user when the load is large and the heating demand temperature is high at night.
And secondly) under the daytime heating working condition, closing the valve V3, opening the valve V4, enabling the user side backwater to flow into the second phase change heat storage heat exchange box after passing through the water collector 11 and the circulating water pump P5, heating the user side backwater, and then flowing into the radiation tail end through the water separator 10 to realize small temperature difference heating. During daytime heating, the water collector return water only flows through the heating of second phase change heat accumulation heat transfer case, then is used for the user to heat, supplies the return water difference in temperature under this kind of form little, is applicable to the terminal water supply when the load is less and heating demand temperature is lower daytime.
And thirdly), under the intermittent heating working condition, because of the existence of the phase-change material filling layer 14, the heating time at the tail end of radiation is prolonged, when the load is small in the daytime and the temperature of the heat storage layer is higher than the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material of the filling layer, the circulating water pump P5 can be selected to be closed, heating is stopped, and energy-saving operation is performed as far as possible on the premise of meeting the thermal comfort requirement of residents.
The water inlet of the water distributor on the user side of the system is from the phase change heat storage heat exchange box, the outlet water enters the tail end of a user for heating, the return water on the user side enters the phase change heat storage heat exchange box through the water collector for reheating, and the circulating water pump P5 is arranged between the water collector and the phase change heat storage heat exchange box so as to meet the normal operation of a water system on the user side.
The user side of the system sets three water supply and return working conditions based on the heat storage boxes with different two-stage phase-change temperatures so as to meet different heating requirements of residents in villages and towns at daytime and night and intermittent heating requirements.
The operation mode of the system will be described in detail by taking a specific operation condition as an example, for example, the phase-change material with the phase-change temperature of 50 ℃ is selected in the first-stage phase-change heat-storage heat exchange box 7, the phase-change material with the phase-change temperature of 40 ℃ is selected in the second-stage phase-change heat-storage heat exchange box 9, and the phase-change material with the phase-change temperature of 29 ℃ is selected in the heat storage layer 14. The temperature of the outlet water of the geothermal well is 50 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 42 ℃ after the primary heat exchange of the plate heat exchanger, and the temperature is reduced to 30 ℃ after the heat is extracted by the heat pump unit for recharging. The operation conditions of the user side of the heat exchanger and the condensation side of the heat pump unit are both 45 ℃/40 ℃.
Based on the working conditions, when the temperature of water in the solar water heater is higher than 50 ℃, the solar water sequentially stores heat for the two-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box, and when the temperature of water in the solar water heater is lower than 40 ℃, the circulating water pump P3 is stopped, and the solar heat storage is closed.
Based on the working conditions, when the temperature in the second phase change heat storage heat exchange box is less than 40 ℃, and the solar energy cannot meet the heat storage requirement, the medium-deep geothermal heat supply is started, the outlet water temperature of the geothermal well is 50 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 42 ℃ after the primary heat exchange of the geothermal well by the plate heat exchanger, and the temperature is reduced to 30 ℃ after the heat is extracted by the heat pump unit for recharging. The water outlet of the user side of the heat exchanger and the water outlet of the condensation side of the heat pump unit are both 45 ℃, and the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃ after heat is released in the second phase change heat storage heat exchange box 9 for circulating operation.
Based on the working conditions, the tail end backwater of heating can be designed to be 35 ℃, when the heating is carried out in the daytime, the tail end backwater is heated to 40 ℃ by the second phase change heat storage heat exchange box to supply water, the temperature difference of 5 ℃ supply backwater is adopted, the indoor design temperature is 13 ℃, when the heating is carried out at night, the tail end backwater is heated to 40 ℃ by the second phase change heat storage heat exchange box and then enters the first phase change heat storage heat exchange box to be heated to 45 ℃ to supply water, the temperature difference of 10 ℃ supply backwater is adopted, and the indoor design temperature is 18 ℃.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A heating system for villages and small towns based on phase change heat storage and multi-energy complementation is characterized by comprising a heat source side and a user side,
the heat source side comprises a solar heat collecting system, a middle-deep geothermal heat supply system, an electric heater and a phase-change heat storage heat exchange box,
the phase-change heat storage and exchange box is provided with two stages,
the electric heater is arranged in the first-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box,
the solar heat collecting system is sequentially connected with the first-stage phase-change heat storage and exchange box and the second-stage phase-change heat storage and exchange box in series to form a first heat storage loop,
the solar heat collection system is connected with the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box to form a second heat storage loop,
the medium-deep geothermal heating system is provided with a geothermal well, the geothermal well is connected with the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box to form a third heat storage loop,
the first-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box and the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box which are connected in series are connected with a user side to form a first heating loop,
the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box is connected with a user side to form a second heating loop;
the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material filled in the first-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box is higher than that of the phase-change material filled in the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box.
2. The village and town heating system based on phase change heat storage and multi-energy complementation of claim 1, wherein a heat exchange component is connected between the geothermal well and the second-stage phase change heat storage heat exchange tank.
3. The village and town heating system based on phase change heat storage and multi-energy complementation of claim 2, wherein said heat exchange component is a primary heat exchange component, and said primary heat exchange component is a plate heat exchanger.
4. The village and town heating system based on phase change heat storage and multi-energy complementation of claim 3, wherein the heat exchange component further comprises a secondary heat exchange component, and the secondary heat exchange component is a ground source heat pump unit.
5. The village and town heating system based on phase-change heat storage and multi-energy complementation of claim 1, wherein the heating end of the user side adopts a floor heating structure, the floor heating structure is sequentially provided with a structural layer, a heat preservation layer, a heat storage layer and a leveling layer from bottom to top, the heat storage layer is filled with a phase-change material, a hot water coil is embedded in the phase-change material of the heat storage layer, and the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material of the heat storage layer is lower than that of the phase-change material filled in the second-stage phase-change heat storage heat exchange box and higher than the indoor design temperature of heating.
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