CN114535393A - Stepped pre-expansion forming processing device and method for stepped part - Google Patents
Stepped pre-expansion forming processing device and method for stepped part Download PDFInfo
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- CN114535393A CN114535393A CN202210056319.0A CN202210056319A CN114535393A CN 114535393 A CN114535393 A CN 114535393A CN 202210056319 A CN202210056319 A CN 202210056319A CN 114535393 A CN114535393 A CN 114535393A
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
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- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a stepped part step-by-step pre-expansion forming processing device and a forming processing method, wherein the stepped part step-by-step pre-expansion forming processing device comprises the following steps: the liquid filling device comprises a liquid filling base, a liquid filling cavity and a liquid filling device, wherein the liquid filling base is internally provided with the liquid filling cavity, and the upper end of the liquid filling cavity is arranged in an open manner; the guide cylinder is arranged on the liquid filling base and is positioned above the opening of the liquid filling cavity, and a plate to be processed is placed between the guide cylinder and the liquid filling base; and the forming male die is movably arranged in the guide cylinder and is used for processing the pre-pressed plate to be processed into a required stepped component. Compared with the prior art, the scheme can perform distributed pre-expansion forming processing for pre-expansion forming and extrusion forming of the plate to be processed into the stepped member, the deformation precision of the stepped member is high, the deformation is sufficient and uniform, and the machinability is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forming of complex parts, in particular to a stepped part step-by-step pre-expansion forming device and a forming method.
Background
With the development of light weight in various fields such as automobiles, aerospace and the like, plate parts are also developed in the direction of large size, thin wall, deep cavity, complex curved surface and difficult-to-deform materials. The aluminum alloy material is applied to automobiles, aerospace and other aspects, the requirement for light weight is effectively met, and particularly for complex parts such as aluminum alloy automobile body covering parts and large complex double-curvature aluminum alloy skins of airplanes, the complex parts formed by the aluminum alloy material are favored by research.
The Chinese patent CN107755511A discloses an expanding-pressing composite forming method for small fillet characteristics of a thin-wall part, which provides an expanding-pressing composite forming method for solving the technical problems that the small fillet of the thin-wall part has large required liquid chamber pressure and is difficult to form accurately and the like during hydraulic forming. The method comprises two hydraulic forming procedures of preforming and final forming, the adopted dies are two pairs of dies, a barrel-shaped part with a flange is required to be formed on the preforming die in a hydraulic mode, then the part is taken out, is inverted on the final forming die and is expanded and then pressed, and a small fillet forming part is obtained. The method not only needs two pairs of dies, but also takes out parts in the forming process, and is more complicated and higher in cost; the method does not relate to the forming problem of the step-shaped complex part.
Chinese patent CN105537454A discloses a sheet metal forming process for thin-wall parts of airplane stepped parts, which is to form a basin-shaped primary part by drawing with a rigid die and then obtain a final stepped part by hydraulic forming with a rubber bag in a mode of drawing-then-hydraulic forming. The method improves the stress condition during drawing, and improves the forming efficiency and the processing quality of parts. However, the invention needs to manufacture a drawing die and a rubber bag forming tool, has higher cost, more troublesome forming process and longer time, adopts the rubber bag to form, is easy to damage, needs to be frequently replaced and is not easy to control the flow of the plate.
The method for forming the complex special-shaped bottom part by the stepwise pre-expansion disclosed by the Chinese patent CN12222273A aims at the problems of less material gathering, poor film sticking property, low pre-expansion height limit and the like of the bottom part of the complex special-shaped bottom part, and provides the method for forming the complex special-shaped bottom part by the stepwise pre-expansion. In the method, a proper blank holder is selected to control the pre-expansion height of the plate, and the pre-expansion height is greater than the final forming height; when the pre-expansion is accurate, the blank holder needs to be replaced, circumferential pressure is applied around the flange, film sticking at the bottom is promoted, and the forming process is complex.
The shapes of the stepped thin-wall parts of the airplane, the stepped parts of the motor shell, the oil bottom box and the like are complex, the parts can not be formed by adopting common drawing, and the problem that the complicated parts can not be formed by hydro-mechanical drawing can be effectively solved. However, the parts formed by the ordinary hydro-mechanical drawing have the problems of uneven deformation, insufficient deformation and the like,
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a stepped part step-by-step pre-bulging forming processing device and a stepped part step-by-step pre-bulging forming processing method, and aims to solve the problems of uneven and insufficient deep drawing deformation of parts in the prior art.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a stepped pre-expansion forming processing apparatus for a stepped member, comprising:
the liquid filling device comprises a liquid filling base, a liquid filling cavity and a liquid filling device, wherein the liquid filling base is internally provided with the liquid filling cavity, and the upper end of the liquid filling cavity is arranged in an open manner;
the guide cylinder is arranged on the liquid filling base and is positioned above the opening of the liquid filling cavity, and a plate to be processed is placed between the guide cylinder and the liquid filling base; and
and the forming male die is movably arranged in the guide cylinder and is used for processing the pre-pressed plate to be processed into a required stepped component.
In one embodiment, a liquid inlet hole is formed through the side wall of the liquid filling base, and the liquid inlet hole is communicated with the liquid filling cavity.
In one embodiment, the side wall of the liquid filling base is further provided with a threaded hole, a pipe joint is arranged in the threaded hole, and the pipe joint is used for being communicated with liquid supply equipment.
In one embodiment, the diameter of the threaded hole is larger than the diameter of the liquid inlet hole.
In one embodiment, the stepped pre-expansion forming device further comprises a first sealing ring, and the first sealing ring is arranged between the pipe joint and the wall of the threaded hole in a sealing mode.
In one embodiment, the stepped part step-by-step pre-expansion forming processing device further comprises a second sealing ring, the liquid filling base is provided with a sealing groove arranged around the opening of the liquid filling cavity, and the second sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove in a sealing mode and is in sealing abutting joint with the guide cylinder.
In one embodiment, a first transition round angle is arranged at the top of the side wall of the liquid filling cavity, and a second transition round angle is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the guide cylinder, wherein the second transition round angle is opposite to and arranged close to the first transition round angle.
In one embodiment, the stepped pre-expansion forming device further comprises a backing plate, and the backing plate is detachably arranged between the guide cylinder and the forming male die.
In one embodiment, the forming male die comprises a pressure plate and a male die body, the pressure plate is connected with the male die body, and the backing plate is detachably arranged between the pressure plate and the guide cylinder;
the base plate comprises a first half body and a second half body which are arranged in a split mode, and the first half body and the second half body can be spliced or split;
and a gap is reserved between the lower surface of the pressure plate and the upper surface of the guide cylinder, so that the plate to be processed can be conveniently taken out of the forming male die after being formed.
In another aspect, the present application further provides a forming method using the stepped pre-expansion forming device for stepped parts, which includes the following steps:
injecting liquid into a liquid filling cavity of the liquid filling base;
placing a plate to be processed above an opening of a liquid filling cavity of a liquid filling base, sequentially installing a guide cylinder and a forming male die above the liquid filling base, and connecting the forming male die with pressure equipment;
continuously injecting liquid with preset pressure into the liquid filling cavity, and performing pre-expansion forming on the plate to be processed through the liquid;
and controlling a pressure device to drive the forming male die to move downwards, so that the forming male die extrudes and processes the plate to be processed to obtain the required stepped member.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the stepped part step-by-step pre-expansion forming processing device adopting the scheme works, firstly, liquid is injected into the liquid filling cavity of the liquid filling base to exhaust air in the liquid filling cavity, then the plate to be processed is placed above the opening of the liquid filling cavity of the liquid filling base, the guide cylinder and the forming convex die are sequentially arranged above the liquid filling base, and the forming convex die is connected with the pressure equipment; continuously injecting liquid with preset pressure into the liquid filling cavity, and performing pre-expansion forming on the plate to be processed through the liquid; and controlling a pressure device to drive the forming male die to move downwards, so that the forming male die extrudes and processes the plate to be processed to obtain the required stepped member. Compared with the prior art, the scheme can perform distributed pre-expansion forming processing for pre-expansion forming and extrusion forming of the plate to be processed into the stepped member, the deformation precision of the stepped member is high, the deformation is sufficient and uniform, and the machinability is strong.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stepped pre-expansion forming device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an axial sectional view of the FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a liquid injection plenum;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a liquid pre-expansion forming process for a sheet material to be processed;
fig. 5 is a schematic processing diagram of pre-bulging forming of a plate to be processed by a male die body.
Wherein:
100. the stepped part is pre-expanded to form the processing device step by step; 10. a liquid-filled base; 11. a liquid filling cavity; 12. opening the mouth; 13. a liquid inlet hole; 14. a threaded hole; 15. a sealing groove; 16. a first transition fillet; 20. a guide cylinder; 21. a second transition fillet; 30. a plate to be processed; 40. forming a male die; 41. pressing a plate; 42. a male die body; 50. a pipe joint; 60. a first seal ring; 70. a second seal ring; 80. a backing plate.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a stepped pre-expansion forming device 100 is shown in an embodiment of the present application, which is applied to a processing occasion of processing a thin plate into a stepped member (component) with a complex structure, and has the advantages of high processing precision and efficiency, wide processing range, and the like.
Illustratively, the stepped-piece stepwise pre-expansion forming processing apparatus 100 includes: a liquid filled base 10, a guide cylinder 20 and a forming punch. The entire forming device is formed in a cylindrical shape in appearance. A liquid filling cavity 11 is formed inside the liquid filling base 10, and the upper end of the liquid filling cavity 11 is arranged in an open manner 12; the guide cylinder 20 is arranged on the liquid filling base 10 and is positioned above the opening 12 of the liquid filling cavity 11, and a plate 30 to be processed is placed between the guide cylinder 20 and the liquid filling base 10; the forming male die is movably arranged in the guide cylinder 20 and is used for processing the pre-pressed plate 30 to be processed into a required stepped member.
The implementation of the technical scheme of the embodiment has the following beneficial effects: when the stepped part step-by-step pre-expansion forming processing device 100 adopting the scheme works, firstly, liquid is injected into the liquid filling cavity 11 of the liquid filling base 10 to exhaust air in the liquid filling cavity 11, then the plate 30 to be processed is placed above the opening 12 of the liquid filling cavity 11 of the liquid filling base 10, the guide cylinder 20 and the forming male die 40 are sequentially arranged above the liquid filling base 10, and the forming male die is connected with pressure equipment; continuously injecting liquid with preset pressure into the liquid filling cavity 11, and performing pre-expansion forming on the plate 30 to be processed through the liquid; and controlling pressure equipment to drive the forming male die to move downwards, so that the forming male die extrudes and processes the plate 30 to be processed to obtain the required stepped component. Compared with the prior art, the scheme can perform distributed pre-expansion forming processing of pre-expansion forming and extrusion forming of the plate 30 to be processed into the step-shaped member, the step-shaped member has high deformation precision, sufficient and uniform deformation and strong machinability.
The guide cylinder 20 and the liquid filling seat are locked by an inner hexagon screw so as to clamp and fix the plate 30 to be processed.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, a liquid inlet hole 13 is formed through a sidewall of the liquid filling base 10, and the liquid inlet hole 13 is communicated with the liquid filling cavity 11. During processing, the liquid inlet hole 13 is connected with an external liquid injection device, and liquid is conveniently injected into the liquid filling cavity 11 from the liquid inlet hole 13. Optionally, the liquid inlet hole 13 may be one, two or more, and is specifically configured according to actual needs.
Further, in order to be connected with the liquid injection device in a detachable mode more conveniently, a threaded hole 14 is further formed in the side wall of the liquid injection base 10, a pipe joint 50 is arranged in the threaded hole 14, and the pipe joint 50 is used for being communicated with the liquid supply device. The pipe joint 50 is screwed in the threaded hole 14, and the threaded connection structure has better sealing performance and can effectively prevent liquid in the liquid filling cavity 11 from leaking outwards.
Alternatively, the liquid injected into the charging chamber 11 may be any one of hydraulic oil and the like.
In some embodiments, the diameter of the threaded hole 14 is larger than the diameter of the liquid inlet hole 13. The threaded hole 14 and the liquid inlet hole 13 can cooperate to form a stepped structure, which further contributes to the improvement of the sealing effect. The threaded hole 14 and the liquid inlet hole 13 are coaxially arranged, so that the processing and forming are convenient.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the stepped pre-expansion forming device 100 further includes a first sealing ring 60, and the first sealing ring 60 is sealingly disposed between the pipe joint 50 and the wall of the threaded hole 14. The first sealing ring 60 is extruded and deformed, so that the sealing capability can be enhanced, and the purpose of preventing liquid leakage is achieved.
In some embodiments, the stepped pre-expansion forming device 100 further includes a second sealing ring 70, the liquid filling base 10 defines a sealing groove 15 disposed around the opening 12 of the liquid filling cavity 11, and the second sealing ring 70 is sealingly disposed in the sealing groove 15 and is in sealing abutment with the guiding cylinder 20. The second sealing ring 70 is extruded and deformed by the guide cylinder 20 and the liquid filling seat, and can effectively seal the assembling surface of the guide cylinder 20 and the liquid filling seat, so as to prevent the liquid in the liquid filling cavity 11 from leaking when the plate 30 to be processed is extruded and formed.
With reference to fig. 2, further, a first transition fillet 16 is disposed at the top of the sidewall of the liquid filling chamber 11, a second transition fillet 21 is disposed at the bottom of the inner wall of the guiding cylinder 20, and the second transition fillet 21 is disposed opposite to and close to the first transition fillet 16. This enables the sheet material 30 to be formed into a stepped member with two steps during the extrusion molding process.
In addition, in some embodiments, the stepped pre-expansion forming device 100 further includes a backing plate 80, and the backing plate 80 is detachably disposed between the guide cylinder 20 and the forming punch. Specifically, the forming punch comprises a pressing plate 41 and a punch body 42, the pressing plate 41 is connected with the punch body 42, and the backing plate 80 is detachably arranged between the pressing plate 41 and the guide cylinder 20. The shim plate 80 is placed between the upper surface of the guide cylinder 20 and the lower surface of the pressure plate 41 and is in clearance fit with the moving punch to effect control of the pre-forming of the sheet material.
Alternatively, the pressing plate 41 and the guide cylinder 20 are connected and fixed by a screw structure.
The backing plate 80 includes a first half body and a second half body which are separately arranged, and the first half body and the second half body can be spliced or split. Thus, the installation and removal of the pad plate 80 is facilitated.
Further, a gap exists between the lower surface of the pressure plate 41 and the upper surface of the guide cylinder 20, so that the plate 30 to be processed can be conveniently taken out of the forming punch after being formed.
Besides the pre-expansion by the backing plate, a microcomputer-controlled universal drawing tester can be used for achieving the same purpose.
In another aspect, the present application further provides a forming method using the stepped pre-expansion forming apparatus 100 as described above, which includes the following steps:
injecting liquid into a liquid filling cavity 11 of a liquid filling base 10;
placing a plate 30 to be processed above an opening 12 of a liquid filling cavity 11 of a liquid filling base 10, sequentially installing a guide cylinder 20 and a forming male die 40 above the liquid filling base 10, and connecting the forming male die with pressure equipment;
continuously injecting liquid with preset pressure into the liquid filling cavity 11, and performing pre-expansion forming on the plate 30 to be processed through the liquid;
and controlling the pressure equipment to drive the forming male die to move downwards, so that the forming male die extrudes and processes the plate 30 to be processed to obtain the required stepped member.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A step-by-step pre-expansion forming processing device for a stepped part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the liquid filling device comprises a liquid filling base, a liquid filling cavity and a liquid filling device, wherein the liquid filling base is internally provided with the liquid filling cavity, and the upper end of the liquid filling cavity is arranged in an open manner;
the guide cylinder is arranged on the liquid filling base and is positioned above the opening of the liquid filling cavity, and a plate to be processed is placed between the guide cylinder and the liquid filling base; and
and the forming male die is movably arranged in the guide cylinder and is used for processing the pre-pressed plate to be processed into a required stepped component.
2. The stepped part step-by-step pre-expansion forming processing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a liquid inlet hole is formed through a side wall of the liquid filling base, and the liquid inlet hole is communicated with the liquid filling cavity.
3. The stepped pre-expansion forming processing device for the stepped part according to claim 2, wherein a threaded hole is further formed in the side wall of the liquid filling base, a pipe joint is arranged in the threaded hole, and the pipe joint is used for being communicated with liquid supply equipment.
4. The stepped pre-expander working apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the diameter of the screw hole is larger than the diameter of the liquid inlet hole.
5. The stepped pre-expander machining device according to claim 3, further comprising a first seal ring disposed between the pipe joint and a wall of the threaded hole in a sealing manner.
6. The stepped part step-by-step pre-expansion forming processing device according to claim 1, wherein the stepped part step-by-step pre-expansion forming processing device further comprises a second sealing ring, the liquid filling base is provided with a sealing groove arranged around an opening of the liquid filling cavity, and the second sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove in a sealing manner and is in sealing abutment with the guide cylinder.
7. The stepped pre-expansion forming device according to claim 6, wherein a first transition fillet is arranged at the top of the side wall of the liquid filling cavity, and a second transition fillet is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the guide cylinder, and the second transition fillet is opposite to and close to the first transition fillet.
8. The stepped pre-expansion forming processing device according to claim 1, further comprising a backing plate, wherein the backing plate is detachably arranged between the guide cylinder and the forming male die.
9. The stepped pre-expansion forming processing device for the stepped part according to claim 8, wherein the forming male die comprises a pressing plate and a male die body, the pressing plate is connected with the male die body, and the backing plate is detachably arranged between the pressing plate and the guide cylinder;
the base plate comprises a first half body and a second half body which are arranged in a split mode, and the first half body and the second half body can be spliced or split;
and a gap is reserved between the lower surface of the pressure plate and the upper surface of the guide cylinder, so that the plate to be processed can be conveniently taken out of the forming male die after being formed.
10. A forming method using a stepped pre-expansion forming device of a stepped member according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
injecting liquid into a liquid filling cavity of the liquid filling base;
placing a plate to be processed above an opening of a liquid filling cavity of a liquid filling base, sequentially installing a guide cylinder and a forming male die above the liquid filling base, and connecting the forming male die with pressure equipment;
continuously injecting liquid with preset pressure into the liquid filling cavity, and performing pre-expansion forming on the plate to be processed through the liquid;
and controlling a pressure device to drive the forming male die to move downwards, so that the forming male die extrudes and processes the plate to be processed to obtain the required stepped member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210056319.0A CN114535393A (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Stepped pre-expansion forming processing device and method for stepped part |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210056319.0A CN114535393A (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Stepped pre-expansion forming processing device and method for stepped part |
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| CN114535393A true CN114535393A (en) | 2022-05-27 |
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| CN202210056319.0A Pending CN114535393A (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Stepped pre-expansion forming processing device and method for stepped part |
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2022
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