CN114525115A - Typha angustifolia based photo-thermal interface evaporation material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Typha angustifolia based photo-thermal interface evaporation material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/14—Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Abstract
The invention provides a cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method of the photothermal interface evaporation material comprises the following steps: carbonizing cattail in a tube furnace to obtain carbon powder; adding the cattail pollen into a reaction kettle, and then adding sodium hydroxide for reaction to obtain cattail pollen leaf cellulose; adding cattail leaf cellulose into a container, adding water and carbon powder, and filtering to obtain the cattail-based photothermal membrane, namely the photothermal interface evaporation material. The photothermal conversion cattail-based photothermal film prepared by using cattail as a raw material has a three-dimensional pore structure, super-strong hydrophilic and water-conducting capabilities and good light absorption performance; the cattail grass can effectively absorb sunlight to realize photothermal conversion as a carbon source, and meanwhile, the cattail grass leaves are used as hydrophilic and water-conducting materials to improve the water evaporation efficiency and the salt resistance, so that compared with other sunlight absorbers such as graphene and the like, the cattail-based photothermal interface conversion material with low price is easier to meet the requirement of seawater desalination application in real life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy utilization, biomass resource recycling and photothermal evaporation materials, in particular to a cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In recent risk reports, the world economic forum has listed water shortage as one of the biggest global crisis. Therefore, the search for clean water resources has been placed on development programs in many countries and governments. 97% of all water resources on the earth are saline water which can not be drunk, so the seawater desalination technology becomes a key technology for solving the water resource shortage. The seawater desalination treatment technology mainly comprises a membrane technology and a heat treatment technology. The main drawbacks of these techniques are that high energy consumption affects the cost of desalination and exacerbates the energy crisis. Therefore, the search for alternative clean energy sources for seawater desalination technology is urgent.
Solar energy has the characteristics of cleanness, effectiveness and low price, and can be used for a seawater desalination technology. However, the conventional solar seawater desalination device has low energy utilization rate and high investment cost, and is not suitable for wide application. In recent years, scientists have focused on more efficient, self-powered, portable solar-steam devices. These solar-steam systems utilize novel solar absorbers to efficiently vaporize water, thereby purifying seawater or sewage. Solar-steam systems can be largely classified into three categories: photothermal conversion material is at the bottom of the water, photothermal conversion material is suspended in the water and solar thermal steam conversion based on interfacial heating. Compared with the former two solar photo-thermal-steam conversion systems, the interface heating photo-thermal-steam conversion system has gained more attention due to higher efficiency.
A typical interfacial solar evaporation system comprises the following components: solar energy absorbing layer, heat insulation layer, water supply channel, steam escape channel. Incident sunlight is first absorbed by the solar energy absorbing layer and converted into heat. At the same time, water wets the surface layer through the supply channels under capillary action. At present, the absorber in the interfacial solar evaporation system mainly includes a metal plasma material, a semiconductor material, a carbon-based material, and the like. The main disadvantage of the metal plasma material is that the metal plasma material is easily corroded by seawater and has low reuse rate; the preparation method of the photothermal conversion material is complicated due to the narrow absorption band of the semiconductor material; graphene in the carbon-based material is difficult to be applied to practical production due to high price. The biomass waste is low in price and renewable, and is an abundant carbon source, so that the membrane material based on the biomass waste is a good photothermal interface steam conversion material.
Cattail is a perennial herb, which grows in shallow waters of lakes, rivers or ponds and is widely distributed around the world. The cattail grows fast, the yield is high, and the distribution is wide. As an aquatic plant, the plant can be used for beautifying the water surface and the wetland and has obvious purification effect on eutrophic water. The leaf of cattail is the main part of cattail, its upper part is flat, its middle part is slightly concave, its lower part is gradually raised into convex form, its cross section is semicircular, its intercellular space is large, and its air-permeable tissue is developed, and is spongy, and possesses strong air-permeable capacity and water-absorbing capacity, and can quickly and effectively transport water and nutrient substance. However, in China, the cattail is used for weaving, papermaking and the like, the utilization rate is low, and the photothermal interface conversion material is not prepared by taking the cattail as a raw material in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material, and a preparation method and an application thereof, so as to solve or partially solve the problems in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material, which comprises the following steps:
putting the cattail pollen into a tube furnace, heating to 350-950 ℃ at a speed of 3-10 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 1-3 h to obtain carbon powder;
adding the cattail pollen into a reaction kettle, then adding a sodium hydroxide solution, reacting for 10-15 h at 150-180 ℃, and washing to obtain cattail pollen leaf cellulose;
adding the typha orientalis leaf cellulose into a container, adding water, stirring, adding carbon powder, and filtering to obtain the typha orientalis based photothermal film, namely the typha orientalis based photothermal interface evaporation material.
Preferably, the preparation method of the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material comprises the steps of carbonizing cattail in a tubular furnace, washing the carbonized cattail with 1-3M hydrochloric acid solution, washing with water to be neutral, drying and ball-milling to obtain the carbon powder.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-3M.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material, the cattail leaf cellulose is added into a container, water is added, carbon powder is added after stirring, and the cattail-based photothermal membrane is obtained after filtering, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the cattail leaf cellulose to the carbon powder to the water is (1-2) g, (0.1-0.3) g and (20-30) ml.
Preferably, the preparation method of the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material further comprises bundling the cattail leaves into a bundle to be used as a water guide material, and placing the prepared cattail-based photothermal membrane on the cattail leaf water guide material to obtain the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material.
Preferably, the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material is prepared by drying and ball-milling to obtain carbon powder, wherein the ball-milling time is 20-40 min.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material prepared by the preparation method.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides application of the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material in seawater desalination and sewage treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material and the preparation method and the application thereof have the following beneficial effects:
1. the preparation method of the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material provided by the invention is characterized in that the cattail is used as a raw material to prepare the photothermal conversion cattail-based photothermal film, and the prepared cattail-based photothermal film has a three-dimensional pore structure, super-strong hydrophilic and water-conducting capabilities and good light absorption performance; the cattail grass can effectively absorb sunlight to realize photothermal conversion as a carbon source, and meanwhile, the cattail grass leaves are used as hydrophilic and water-conducting materials to improve the water evaporation efficiency and the salt resistance, so that compared with other sunlight absorbers such as graphene and the like, the cattail-based photothermal interface conversion material with low price is easier to meet the requirement of seawater desalination application in real life. The cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material prepared by the application has the following advantages: can effectively desalt seawater, purify underground water and dye wastewater; the recycling stability is good; the photo-thermal conversion efficiency is higher and can reach 75-85%; the raw materials are renewable, the cost is low, and the large-scale application can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a cattail-based photothermal film prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a surface topography of the cattail-based photothermal film prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the UV-VIS near IR absorption spectrum of the Typha angustifolia-based photothermal film prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the hydrophilic properties of the cattail-based photothermal film prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the outdoor desalination of sea water by the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the concentration of cations in seawater with the concentration of cations in water vapor collected from desalinated seawater;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing ultraviolet spectra of dye wastewater and collected purified dye wastewater.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps:
s1, putting the cattail into a tube furnace, heating to 350-950 ℃ at a speed of 3-10 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 1-3 h to obtain carbon powder;
s2, adding the cattail pollen into a reaction kettle, adding a sodium hydroxide solution, reacting at 150-180 ℃ for 10-15 h, and washing to obtain cattail pollen leaf cellulose;
s3, adding the typha angustifolia leaf cellulose into a container, adding water, stirring, adding carbon powder, and filtering to obtain the typha angustifolia-based photothermal interface evaporation material.
In some embodiments, after the cattail is carbonized in the tube furnace, the carbonized cattail is washed by 1-3M hydrochloric acid solution, washed to be neutral by water, dried and ball-milled to obtain the carbon powder.
In some embodiments, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-3M.
In some embodiments, the cattail leaf cellulose is added into a container, water is added, carbon powder is added after stirring, and the cattail-based photothermal film is obtained after filtering, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the cattail leaf cellulose to the carbon powder to the water is (1-2) g, (0.1-0.3) g, (20-30) ml.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises bundling the cattail leaves into a bundle and using the bundled cattail leaves as a water-conducting material, and placing the prepared cattail-based photothermal film on the cattail leaves water-conducting material to obtain the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material.
In some embodiments, the carbon powder is obtained by ball milling after drying, wherein the ball milling time is 20-40 min.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the method for preparing the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting the cattail leaves into 0.5-1 cm small sections for later use, putting 8-12 g of the cut cattail leaves into a crucible and placing the crucible into a tube furnace, heating to 350-950 ℃ at a speed of 3-10 ℃/min, keeping carbonization for 1-3 h, cooling to room temperature, washing the carbonized cattail leaves with 10-20 ml of 1M hydrochloric acid, washing the carbonized cattail carbon with tap water and deionized water to be neutral, drying, and then putting the cattail leaves into a ball mill for ball milling for 20-40 min to obtain carbon powder;
s2, adding 1-3 g of cattail leaf into a 100ml reaction kettle, then adding 60-80 ml of 1-3M NaOH solution, reacting at 150-180 ℃ for 12 hours, washing with tap water and deionized water to be neutral, and filtering under reduced pressure to obtain cattail leaf cellulose;
s3, putting 1-2 g of the cattail leaf cellulose prepared in the step S2 into a 50ml beaker, adding 20-30 ml of deionized water, magnetically stirring for 30min to completely disperse the cattail leaf cellulose, adding 0.1-0.3 g of carbon powder, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to completely attach the carbon powder to the cattail leaf cellulose, and finally performing reduced pressure filtration to obtain a cattail-based photothermal film capable of evaporating water under sunlight;
s4, cutting the cattail leaves into 3-10 cm small sections, bundling the small sections side by side to form a bundle as a water guide material, and placing the cattail-based photothermal film prepared in the step S3 on the cattail leaf water guide material to form the photothermal interface evaporation system.
Based on the same invention concept, the application also provides the application of the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material prepared by the preparation method in seawater desalination and sewage treatment.
The preparation method of the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material adopts cattail as a raw material to prepare the photothermal conversion cattail-based photothermal film, and the prepared cattail-based photothermal film has a three-dimensional pore structure, super-strong hydrophilic and water-conducting capacity and good light absorption performance; the cattail grass can effectively absorb sunlight to realize photothermal conversion as a carbon source, and meanwhile, the cattail grass leaves are used as hydrophilic and water-conducting materials to improve the water evaporation efficiency and the salt resistance, so that compared with other sunlight absorbers such as graphene and the like, the cattail-based photothermal interface conversion material with low price is easier to meet the requirement of seawater desalination application in real life. The cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material prepared by the application has the following advantages: can effectively desalt seawater, purify underground water and dye wastewater; the recycling stability is good; the photo-thermal conversion efficiency is higher and can reach 75-85%; the raw materials are renewable, the cost is low, and the large-scale application can be realized.
The following further describes the preparation method and application of the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material of the present application with specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, putting 10g of cattail leaf into a crucible and placing the crucible in a tube furnace, heating to 700 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping carbonization for 2h, cooling to room temperature, washing the carbonized cattail leaf with 10ml of 1M hydrochloric acid, washing carbonized cattail carbon with tap water and deionized water to be neutral, drying, and then putting the cattail leaf into a ball mill for ball milling for 30min to obtain carbon powder;
s2, adding 2g of cattail leaf into a 100ml reaction kettle, then adding 80ml of 3M NaOH solution, reacting for 12 hours at 180 ℃, washing with tap water and deionized water to be neutral, and filtering under reduced pressure to obtain cattail leaf cellulose;
s3, putting 1g of the cattail leaf cellulose prepared in the step S2 into a 50ml beaker, adding 30ml of deionized water, magnetically stirring for 30min to completely disperse the cattail leaf cellulose, adding 0.1g of carbon powder, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to completely attach the carbon powder to the cattail leaf cellulose, and finally performing reduced pressure filtration to obtain a cattail-based photothermal film capable of evaporating water under sunlight;
s4, cutting the cattail leaves into 3cm small sections, bundling the small sections side by side to form a bundle as a water guide material, and placing the cattail-based photothermal film prepared in the step S3 on the cattail leaf water guide material to form the photothermal interface evaporation system.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a preparation method of a cattail membrane, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 2g of cattail leaf into a 100ml reaction kettle, then adding 80ml of 3M NaOH solution, reacting for 12 hours at 180 ℃, washing with tap water and deionized water to be neutral, and filtering under reduced pressure to obtain cattail leaf cellulose;
s2, putting 1g of the cattail leaf cellulose prepared in the step S1 into a 50ml beaker, adding 30ml of deionized water, magnetically stirring for 30min to completely disperse the cattail leaf cellulose, and finally filtering under reduced pressure to obtain the cattail membrane.
Performance testing
A photograph of the cattail-based photothermal film prepared in example 1 is shown in FIG. 2.
The surface topography of the cattail-based photothermal film prepared in example 1 is shown in fig. 3, with a magnification of 220.
The ultraviolet-visible near-infrared absorption spectra of the cattail-based photothermal film prepared in example 1, the carbon powder prepared in example 1, and the cattail film prepared in comparative example 1 were tested, and the results are shown in fig. 4. Specifically, in fig. 4, CT-C is the cattail-based photothermal film in example 1, C is the carbon powder in example 1, and CT is the cattail film in comparative example 1. The solar radiance in fig. 4 represents the different band curves of the solar spectrum.
The different materials are put into an ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrometer (Shimadzu, model SolidSpec-3700, Japan) and the light absorption performance of the materials is tested in the range of 250-2500nm, and the fact that the light absorption performance of the cattail film CT in the comparative example 1 is about 40% lower, while the carbon powder C in the example 1 and the cattail-based photothermal film CT-C in the example 1 have very strong light absorption performance and are similar, and about 98% shows that the cattail-based photothermal film is a potential high-efficiency photothermal interface evaporation material.
The cattail-based photothermal film CT-C prepared in example 1 and the cattail film CT prepared in comparative example 1 were adhered to a smooth glass plate, the glass plate was placed on a glass plate of german delf (model OAC25), and the hydrophilic property of the material was measured by the static drop method, and the results are shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the material absorbs the water drops in a short time, demonstrating that the cattail-based photothermal film CT-C and the cattail film CT have strong hydrophilic properties.
The evaporation amount of water in the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material prepared in the embodiment 1 is 1.3-1.8 kg m under 1 standard sunlight irradiation-2h-1。
Specifically, in the interface evaporation process, sunlight irradiates the photo-thermal film, water is locally heated and evaporated, and the water guide material continuously conveys the water at the bottom to the surface of the photo-thermal film to maintain the interface evaporation process. The specific experiment is as follows: binding the cattail leaves into a bundle to be used as a water guide material, wrapping polystyrene foam on the periphery of the cattail leaves to be used as a heat insulation layer, placing the prepared cattail-based photothermal membrane on the cattail leaf water guide material, then placing the whole material in a beaker filled with seawater or wastewater, and then placing the whole beaker on a balance connected with a computer. When sunlight irradiates the photo-thermal material, the mass change of water in the beaker is immediately recorded by an electronic balance and a computer, and the water evaporation rate is tested for 60min under a stable condition, so that the water evaporation rate of the material is evaluated.
The photothermal conversion efficiency of the photothermal interface evaporation material prepared by the method can reach 65-85 percent by calculation by utilizing the conventional solar energy conversion efficiency formula.
The formula of the solar energy conversion efficiency is
Wherein eta represents the solar energy conversion efficiency, m (kg m)-2h-1) Is the water evaporation rate,. DELTA.HvIs the enthalpy of evaporation of water, 2260(kJ kg)-1)，Copt is the optical density, q0Radiant power (1kW m) of a solar intensity-2)。
In 1 standard sunlight (1kW m-2) Under irradiation, the photothermal interface evaporation material prepared in example 1 was recycled for 20 times, and the water evaporation efficiency was not significantly reduced, indicating that the photothermal conversion material prepared by the method of the present invention can be recycled.
The evaluation of seawater desalination performance using the photothermal interface evaporation material prepared in example 1 under natural light intensity irradiation is shown in fig. 6 and 7.
The specific test method is as follows: in order to collect evaporated water, the cattail-based photothermal membrane is arranged in a transparent hemispherical glass cover, the cattail-based photothermal membrane is arranged on a cattail leaf water guide material, the water guide material is filled with water (simulating original seawater or dye wastewater), in the interface evaporation process, sunlight irradiates the photothermal membrane, the water is locally heated and evaporated, and the water guide material continuously conveys the water at the bottom to the surface of the photothermal membrane to maintain the interface evaporation process; under the irradiation of sunlight (figure 6 shows that the temperatures of the surface of the cattail-based photothermal membrane measured by an infrared thermal imager before and after the irradiation of the sunlight are respectively 16.6 ℃ and 33.9 ℃), a large amount of water drops are condensed on a spherical glass cover, the evaporated water drops are collected, and the capacities of desalting seawater and purifying dye wastewater of the photothermal membrane are judged by analyzing and comparing the water drops with original seawater or dye (specifically methylene blue) wastewater. Taking the purification of dye wastewater as an example: the water obtained by evaporating the cattail-based photothermal membrane and the original dye wastewater are respectively put into an ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer (Beijing Puke, model TU-1950), the characteristic absorption peak of methylene blue can be obviously found in the dye wastewater, and the characteristic absorption peak of the methylene blue in the water obtained by photothermal distillation disappears, thus proving that the cattail-based photothermal membrane can effectively purify the dye wastewater.
As can be seen from FIG. 7, Na in the collected water vapor+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+Concentration ratio of Na to original in beaker+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+The concentration is obviously reduced, and the ion concentration meets the WHO standard.
As can be seen from fig. 8, the absorbance of methylene blue in the collected water vapor was significantly reduced compared to the absorbance of methylene blue in the original water, indicating that the cattail-based photothermal film of the present application can effectively purify dye wastewater.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
putting the cattail pollen into a tube furnace, heating to 350-950 ℃ at a speed of 3-10 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 1-3 h to obtain carbon powder;
adding the cattail pollen into a reaction kettle, then adding a sodium hydroxide solution, reacting for 10-15 h at 150-180 ℃, and washing to obtain cattail pollen leaf cellulose;
adding the typha orientalis leaf cellulose into a container, adding water, stirring, adding carbon powder, and filtering to obtain the typha orientalis based photothermal film, namely the typha orientalis based photothermal interface evaporation material.
2. The method for preparing the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material of claim 1, wherein after the cattail is carbonized in the tubular furnace, the carbonized cattail is washed with 1-3M hydrochloric acid solution, then washed with water to neutrality, dried and ball-milled to obtain the carbon powder.
3. The method for preparing the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-3M.
4. The method for preparing the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material of claim 1, wherein the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material is prepared by adding cattail leaf cellulose into a container, adding water, stirring, adding carbon powder, and filtering, wherein the mass volume ratio of cattail leaf cellulose to carbon powder to water is (1-2) g, (0.1-0.3) g, (20-30) ml.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising bundling leaves of the cattail pollen to form a bundle and using the bundle as a water-conducting material, and placing the prepared cattail-based photothermal film on the water-conducting material to obtain the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material.
6. The method for preparing the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the carbon powder is obtained by ball milling after drying, wherein the ball milling time is 20-40 min.
7. A cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material, which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. Use of the cattail-based photothermal interface evaporation material of claim 7 in desalination of sea water, sewage treatment.
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