CN114521609A

CN114521609A - Preparation process of biological enzymolysis broussonetia papyrifera feed

Info

Publication number: CN114521609A
Application number: CN202111636631.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖淑妹; 吴信; 牛凯敏; 王俊; 王汝霞; 李秋云; 翟振亚; 张志红
Original assignee: Jiangxi Fujia Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangxi Fujia Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-29
Filing date: 2021-12-29
Publication date: 2022-05-24

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation process of biological enzymolysis broussonetia papyrifera feed, and relates to the technical field of biological feed. The preparation process of the invention comprises cutting, crushing, anaerobic fermentation, secondary crushing and feed refining; cutting and crushing the broussonetia papyrifera leaves to obtain crushed leaves with uniform particle size, mixing the crushed leaves with auxiliary materials and a biological fermentation microbial inoculum, and fermenting without leaving sharp tree thorns; the anaerobic fermentation is convenient for controlling the feeding amount of auxiliary materials and biological fermentation inoculants, realizes the continuous crushing, grinding and conveying of fermentation materials, is convenient for the livestock and poultry to eat, digest and absorb, and avoids the agglomeration of the feed in the storage and transportation processes; the multiple enzymes are matched with the microbial inoculum to destroy the cell walls of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, the nutrients such as protein, cellulose, vitamins and the like in the broussonetia papyrifera leaves are decomposed into amino acid, polysaccharide, oligosaccharide and lactic acid, and the corn flour, ammonium bicarbonate and molasses are compounded to improve the palatability, improve the nutritional value of broussonetia papyrifera fermented feed and facilitate the digestion and absorption of livestock and poultry on the nutrients.

Description

Preparation process of biological enzymolysis broussonetia papyrifera feed

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biological feed, in particular to a preparation process of biological enzymolysis broussonetia papyrifera feed.

Background

Broussonetia papyrifera feed is generally prepared by fermenting broussonetia papyrifera leaves serving as a main raw material, the protein content of the broussonetia papyrifera leaves reaches 20-30%, and the broussonetia papyrifera feed contains rich amino acids, vitamins, carbohydrates, trace elements and other nutritional ingredients, and can be used for producing complete livestock feed after being scientifically processed.

The patent of publication No. CN111328922A discloses a method for preparing biological roughage by using whole broussonetia papyrifera and a product thereof, which are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 85-90 parts of whole broussonetia papyrifera, 8-13 parts of corn flour, 0.5-1.0 part of ammonium bicarbonate, 0.5-1.0 part of active leavening agent, 0.4-0.6 part of salt, 6-8 parts of soybean meal, 4-6 parts of organic trace elements, 0.2-0.4 part of compound vitamin and 15-20 parts of plant extract. The invention can effectively fill the technical blank of preparing the biological coarse feed by utilizing the whole broussonetia papyrifera; the fermented whole broussonetia papyrifera is fully utilized as a raw material, the preparation method is simple, the raw material is rich and easy to produce, the biological coarse feed prepared for feeding the cattle and the sheep has a good effect, the appetite of the cattle and the sheep can be enhanced, and the gastrointestinal consumption function of the cattle and the sheep can be changed. However, the following technical problems exist at present: the nutritional value of the broussonetia papyrifera feed is further improved without using a biological fermentation microbial inoculum in a matching way, and the fermented material is not crushed and milled in the transportation process, so that the aggregation is easy to occur to influence the absorption of livestock and poultry.

A solution is now proposed to address the technical drawback in this respect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation process of a feed for broussonetia papyrifera by biological enzymolysis, which is used for solving the technical problems that the nutritive value of the feed for broussonetia papyrifera is not further improved by using a biological fermentation microbial inoculum in a matching way in the prior art, and the fermented materials are not crushed and milled in the transportation process and are easy to agglomerate to influence the absorption of livestock and poultry.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a preparation process of biological enzymolysis broussonetia papyrifera feed comprises the following steps:

step one, cutting and crushing: cutting and crushing the whole broussonetia papyrifera through broussonetia papyrifera feed secondary crushing fermentation equipment to obtain broussonetia papyrifera crushed materials;

step two, anaerobic fermentation: corn flour, ammonium bicarbonate, molasses and a biological fermentation microbial inoculum are added from a feeding hopper, a vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing a fermentation cavity and then anaerobic fermentation is carried out to obtain a fermentation material, the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation is kept at 32-38 ℃, and the time of the anaerobic fermentation is 15-25 days;

step three, secondary crushing: the fermented material falls into a secondary crushing and grinding box through a discharge cavity, and crushed fermented material is obtained after secondary crushing and grinding;

step four, refining the feed: the crushed fermented material, the bean cake, the wheat, the salt and the premix are mixed according to the mass ratio of (65-75): (6-12): (3-8): (0.2-0.6): (3-10) uniformly mixing to obtain the refined feed.

Further, the specific process of the step one is as follows: adding the whole paper mulberry into a primary crushing cavity from a feed hopper, driving a connecting shaft, a cutting blade and a crushing blade to rotate by a speed reducing motor, primarily cutting the whole paper mulberry leaves and leaf stalks by the cutting blade, further refining and crushing the crushing blade in the falling process, and allowing the crushed material to fall into a fermentation cavity after the crushed material meets the requirement of the particle size of a filter screen in a filter hopper; and starting a circulating pump, and conveying the crushed material which does not meet the requirement of the particle size to the primary crushing cavity by the generated centrifugal force for continuous crushing.

Furthermore, the addition amounts of the corn flour, the ammonium bicarbonate, the molasses and the biological fermentation inoculant are respectively 6-11%, 3-6%, 2-5% and 0.6-3.5% of the weight of the whole broussonetia papyrifera; the biological fermentation microbial inoculum is prepared from cellulase, protease, ligninase, amylase, acetic acid bacteria, candida utilis and monascus according to the mass ratio of 1: (0.5-0.8): (0.3-0.5): (0.4-0.7): (1.2-1.6): (1.1-1.3): (0.2-0.6) keeping the enzyme activities of cellulase, protease, ligninase and amylase at 230-260U/kg.

Furthermore, corn flour, ammonium bicarbonate, molasses and biological fermentation bacteria are added from a feeding hopper during anaerobic fermentation and fall onto the outer surface of the gear, the screw is rotated by a hand knob, the torsion spring is inwards compressed by the screw, the straight rack is pushed by the torsion spring to move, the straight rack drives the gear to rotate, the corn flour, ammonium bicarbonate, molasses and biological fermentation bacteria are subjected to refining grinding in the process that the straight rack is meshed with the gear, and the refined grinding falls into a fermentation cavity for anaerobic fermentation.

Further, in the fermentation process, the first servo motor drives the stirring shaft and the stirring rod to rotate, so that the fermented materials are stirred and dispersed; gas generated in the fermentation process enters the alkali liquor tank through the exhaust pipe, acid gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide are neutralized and absorbed by the alkali liquor in the alkali liquor tank, and methane enters the adsorption tank through the connecting pipe and is adsorbed by the methane adsorbent.

Further, broussonetia papyrifera feed regrinding fermentation equipment is including smashing fermentation cylinder, regrinding and grinding the case, smashes the fermentation cylinder and includes from the top down once smashes chamber and the fermentation chamber that sets gradually, once smashes the intracavity and is equipped with and cuts off rubbing crusher and construct, and regrinding and grinding the case and pass through the bottom intercommunication in row material chamber and fermentation chamber, and the top lateral wall in fermentation chamber is equipped with meticulous feeding mechanism.

Furthermore, the cutting and crushing mechanism comprises a speed reducing motor, a connecting shaft and cutting blades, the speed reducing motor extends into the inner cavity of the primary crushing cavity from the top of the primary crushing cavity and is connected with the connecting shaft, the cutting blades are arranged on the periphery of the upper section of the connecting shaft, and the crushing blades are arranged on the periphery of the lower section of the connecting shaft; the crushing blades comprise mounting rings, crushing rods and fine crushing sheets, the mounting rings are sleeved on the periphery of the connecting shaft, the crushing rods are arranged on the periphery of the mounting rings, the fine crushing sheets are arranged above and below the crushing rods, and crushing cutters are arranged on the periphery of the fine crushing sheets; the bottom of the primary crushing cavity is connected with a circulating pump through a discharge pipe, and the circulating pump is communicated with the upper part of the primary crushing cavity through a material return pipe; the top of the primary crushing cavity is provided with a feed hopper, and the bottom of the primary crushing cavity is provided with a filter hopper.

Further, the secondary crushing and grinding box is in a horizontal cylindrical shape, one end of the secondary crushing and grinding box is provided with a second driving motor, and the second driving motor is connected with a secondary crushing and grinding mechanism extending into an inner cavity of the secondary crushing and grinding box; the secondary crushing and grinding mechanism comprises a grinding shaft, spiral flood dragon is arranged on the periphery of the grinding shaft, a grinding roller is arranged between every two adjacent spiral flood dragon, and rolling bearings are arranged at two ends of the grinding shaft; the axle center of the grinding roller is tightly matched with the periphery of the grinding shaft, first grinding teeth are arranged on two sides of the grinding roller, second grinding teeth are arranged on the periphery of the grinding roller, and a discharge hopper is arranged at the bottom of one side, away from the second driving motor, of the secondary grinding box.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the preparation process of the feed for broussonetia papyrifera by biological enzymolysis, broussonetia papyrifera leaves are cut off and crushed to be uniform in particle size and then are mixed with auxiliary materials and biological fermentation microbial inoculum for fermentation, and sharp tree spines cannot be left; the anaerobic fermentation is convenient for controlling the feeding amount of auxiliary materials and biological fermentation inoculants, realizes the continuous crushing, grinding and conveying of fermentation materials, is convenient for the livestock and poultry to eat, digest and absorb, and avoids the agglomeration of the feed in the storage and transportation processes; the multiple enzymes are matched with the microbial inoculum to destroy the cell walls of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, nutrient substances such as protein, cellulose, vitamins and the like in the broussonetia papyrifera leaves are decomposed into molasses amino acid, polysaccharide, oligosaccharide and lactic acid, and the molasses amino acid, polysaccharide, oligosaccharide and lactic acid are compounded with corn flour, ammonium bicarbonate and molasses to improve the palatability, improve the nutritional value of broussonetia papyrifera fermented feed and facilitate the digestion and absorption of livestock and poultry on the nutrient substances.

2. During the rotation process of the gear of the fine feeding mechanism, a pawl on the inner meshing ratchet wheel is contacted with the gear to generate resistance, and the intermittent linkage between the gear and the straight rack is kept; not only the auxiliary materials and the biological fermentation inoculum are refined and milled, but also intermittent and continuous feeding is kept, and the feeding amount of the auxiliary materials and the biological fermentation inoculum is convenient to control.

3. Gas generated in the fermentation process enters the alkali liquor tank through the exhaust pipe, acidic gas such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide gas is neutralized and absorbed by alkali liquor in the alkali liquor tank, methane gas enters the adsorption tank through the connecting pipe and is adsorbed by the methane adsorbent, harmless absorption treatment of waste gas in the fermentation process is kept, and environment pollution caused by the waste gas is avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation process of a feed for biologically hydrolyzing paper mulberry in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a paper mulberry feed secondary crushing fermentation device in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cutting and pulverizing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of pulverizing blades in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fine charging mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a matching structure of the grinding shaft, the spiral auger, the grinding roller and the rolling bearing in the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 7 is a three-dimensional view of an abrasive roll in an embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals: 10. crushing a fermentation tank; 11. a primary crushing chamber; 12. a fermentation chamber; 13. a reduction motor; 14. a connecting shaft; 15. cutting off the blade; 16. crushing the leaves; 17. a discharge pipe; 18. a circulation pump; 19. a material return pipe; 20. a filter hopper; 21. a first servo motor; 22. a stirring shaft; 23. a stirring rod; 24. a discharge pipe; 25. installing a box; 26. a hopper; 27. a straight rack; 28. a gear; 29. an inner engaged ratchet wheel; 30. a pawl; 31. a slider; 32. a chute; 33. a torsion spring; 34. a screw; 35. a knob; 36. a vacuum pump; 37. an exhaust pipe; 38. an alkali liquor tank; 39. a connecting pipe; 40. a secondary crushing and grinding box; 41. an adsorption tank; 42. a second drive motor; 43. grinding the shaft; 44. a spiral flood dragon; 45. grinding the roller; 46. a rolling bearing; 47. a first grinding tooth; 48. second grinding teeth; 49. a discharge hopper; 50. a discharge chamber; 51. a feed hopper; 161. installing a ring; 162. crushing the stems; 163. finely crushing the slices; 164. and (5) crushing knives.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a paper mulberry feed regrinding fermentation equipment, including smashing fermentation cylinder 10, regrinding grinding box 40, smash fermentation cylinder 10 and include from the top down primary crushing chamber 11 and the fermentation chamber 12 that set gradually, be equipped with in the primary crushing chamber 11 and cut off rubbing crusher and construct, regrinding grinding box 40 is through the bottom intercommunication in discharge chamber 50 with fermentation chamber 12, the top lateral wall of fermentation chamber 12 is equipped with fine feeding mechanism.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2-4, the cutting and pulverizing mechanism includes a speed reduction motor 13, a connecting shaft 14, and cutting blades 15, the speed reduction motor 13 extends into an inner cavity of the primary pulverizing chamber 11 from the top thereof and is connected to the connecting shaft 14, a plurality of cutting blades 15 are disposed on the periphery of the connecting shaft 14 near the upper section, and a plurality of pulverizing blades 16 are disposed on the periphery of the connecting shaft 14 near the lower section. The crushing blade 16 comprises a mounting ring 161, crushing rods 162 and fine crushing blades 163, the mounting ring 161 is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting shaft 14, the crushing rods 162 are arranged on the periphery of the mounting ring 161, the fine crushing blades 163 are arranged above and below the crushing rods 162, and the crushing blades 164 are arranged on the periphery of the fine crushing blades 163. The bottom of the primary crushing cavity 11 is connected with a circulating pump 18 through a discharge pipe 17, and the circulating pump 18 is communicated with the upper part of the primary crushing cavity 11 through a return pipe 19. The top in the primary crushing chamber 11 is equipped with feeder hopper 51, and the bottom in the primary crushing chamber 11 is equipped with filter hopper 20, is equipped with the filter screen of particle size 10 ~ 20 meshes in the filter hopper 20.

After the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves are added into the primary crushing cavity 11 from the feed hopper 51, the speed reducing motor 13 is started, the speed reducing motor 13 drives the connecting shaft 14, the cutting blades 15 and the crushing blades 16 to rotate, the cutting blades 15 primarily cut the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves and the leaf stalks thereof, the crushing blades 16 further refine and crush in the falling process, the contact area between the fine crushing blades 163 and the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves is increased by the crushing cutters 164 on the periphery of the fine crushing blades 163, the crushing and refining speed is accelerated, and the crushed materials fall into the fermentation cavity 12 after reaching the requirement of the particle size of the filter screen in the filter hopper 20. After the circulating pump 18 is started, the generated centrifugal force continuously conveys the crushed material which does not meet the requirement of the particle size into the primary crushing cavity 11 until the crushed material meets the requirement of the particle size. The contact area and the contact probability of cutting blades 15, crushing blades 16 and broussonetia papyrifera leaves are increased by the cutting and crushing mechanism, the crushing efficiency of the broussonetia papyrifera leaves is improved, and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves are crushed to be uniform in particle size and then are mixed with auxiliary materials and biological fermentation inoculants to be fermented.

As shown in fig. 2 and 5, a first servo motor 21 is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation chamber 12, the first servo motor 21 extends upwards to be connected with a stirring shaft 22 in the fermentation chamber 12, a plurality of stirring rods 23 are arranged at the periphery of the stirring shaft 22, and the side wall of the bottom of the fermentation chamber 12 is communicated with the top of a secondary crushing and grinding box 40 through a discharge pipe 24. The fine feeding mechanism comprises an installation box 25, a feeding hopper 26, a straight rack 27 and a gear 28, wherein the installation box 25 is obliquely arranged on the top side wall of the fermentation cavity 12, the feeding hopper 26 is arranged above the installation box 25, the gear 28 is arranged at the bottom of the feeding hopper 26, and the straight rack 27 meshed with outer gear teeth of the gear 28 is arranged in the installation box 25. An inner meshing ratchet wheel 29 is arranged at the axis of the gear 28, and a pawl 30 which is contacted with the inner periphery of the gear 28 is arranged at the periphery of the inner meshing ratchet wheel 29. The bottom of the straight rack 27 is provided with a slide block 31, and the installation box 25 is internally provided with a slide groove 32 which is connected with the slide block 31 in a sliding way. One end of the straight rack 27 far away from the fermentation cavity 12 is connected with a torsion spring 33, and the end part of the torsion spring 33 is connected with a knob 35 through a screw 34. The side wall of the top of the fermentation cavity 12 is connected with a vacuum pump 36, the side wall of the top of the fermentation cavity 12 is connected with an alkali liquor tank 38 through an exhaust pipe 37, and the alkali liquor tank 38 is connected with an adsorption tank 41 through a connecting pipe 39. The adsorption tank 41 is filled with a methane adsorbent.

When the crushed broussonetia papyrifera leaves enter the fermentation cavity 12, after the auxiliary materials and the biological fermentation bacteria agent of the feed are added from the feeding hopper 26, the auxiliary materials and the biological fermentation bacteria agent fall onto the outer surface of the gear 28, the screw 34 is rotated by the hand-held knob 35, the torsion spring 33 is inwards compressed by the screw 34, the straight rack 27 is pushed by the torsion spring 33 to move, the straight rack 27 drives the gear 28 to rotate, the auxiliary materials and the biological fermentation bacteria agent are finely ground in the process that the straight rack 27 is meshed with the gear 28, and the finely ground auxiliary materials and the biological fermentation bacteria agent fall into the fermentation cavity 12. During rotation of the gear 28, the pawls 30 of the internal ratchet 29 contact the gear 28 to generate resistance, and intermittent interlocking between the gear 28 and the straight rack 27 is maintained. The fine feeding mechanism not only refines and mills the auxiliary materials and the biological fermentation inoculant, but also keeps intermittent and continuous feeding, and is convenient for controlling the feeding amount of the auxiliary materials and the biological fermentation inoculant. In the fermentation process, the first servo motor 21 drives the stirring shaft 22 and the stirring rod 23 to rotate, so that the fermented materials are stirred and dispersed. Gas generated in the fermentation process enters an alkali liquor tank 38 through an exhaust pipe 37, acidic gas such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide gas is neutralized and absorbed by alkali liquor in the alkali liquor tank 38, and methane gas enters an adsorption tank 41 through a connecting pipe 39 and is adsorbed by a methane adsorbent.

As shown in fig. 2 and 6 to 7, the secondary grinding tank 40 is in the form of a horizontal cylinder, a second driving motor 42 is provided at one end of the secondary grinding tank 40, and the second driving motor 42 is connected to a secondary grinding mechanism extending into the inner cavity of the secondary grinding tank 40. The secondary crushing grinding mechanism comprises a grinding shaft 43, spiral flood dragon 44 is arranged on the periphery of the grinding shaft 43, grinding rollers 45 are arranged between the adjacent spiral flood dragon 44, and rolling bearings 46 are arranged at two ends of the grinding shaft 43. The axis of the grinding roller 45 is tightly matched with the periphery of the grinding shaft 43, the two sides of the grinding roller 45 are provided with first grinding teeth 47, the periphery of the grinding roller 45 is provided with second grinding teeth 48, and the bottom of one side of the secondary crushing grinding box 40 far away from the second driving motor 42 is provided with a discharge hopper 49.

After the material that the fermentation was accomplished gets into in the regrinding grinding box 40 through arranging material chamber 50, start second driving motor 42, second driving motor 42 drive spiral flood dragon 44 and mill the roller 45 rotation, mill the cooperation of the first tooth of grinding 47 and the second tooth of grinding 48 on the roller 45 and carry out the crushing of different angle directions to the fermentation material and mill, make the fermentation material dispersion refine, facilitate the use. The spiral auger 44 conveys the refined fermented materials forward and discharges the refined fermented materials from the discharging hopper 49. The secondary crushing and grinding box 40 realizes continuous crushing, grinding and conveying of the fermented materials, is convenient for eating, digestion and absorption of livestock and poultry, and avoids the agglomeration phenomenon in the processes of feed storage and transportation.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a preparation process of a feed for paper mulberry by biological enzymolysis, including the following steps:

step one, cutting and crushing: cutting and crushing the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves by using broussonetia papyrifera feed secondary crushing fermentation equipment to obtain broussonetia papyrifera crushed materials. The specific process is as follows: adding the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves into a primary crushing cavity 11 from a feed hopper 51, driving a connecting shaft 14, a cutting blade 15 and a crushing blade 16 to rotate by a speed reducing motor 13, primarily cutting the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves and leaf stalks thereof by the cutting blade 15, further refining and crushing the crushing blade 16 in the falling process, and allowing the crushed materials to fall into a fermentation cavity 12 after the crushed materials meet the requirement of the particle size of a filter screen in a filter hopper 20; starting the circulating pump 18, and continuously conveying the crushed materials which do not meet the requirement of the particle size into the primary crushing cavity 11 by the generated centrifugal force;

step two, anaerobic fermentation: corn flour, ammonium bicarbonate, molasses and a biological fermentation microbial inoculum are added from a charging hopper 26, a vacuum pump 36 performs anaerobic fermentation on the fermentation cavity 12 after vacuum pumping to obtain a fermentation material, the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation is kept at 32-38 ℃, and the time of the anaerobic fermentation is 15-25 days; wherein, the auxiliary materials are corn flour, ammonium bicarbonate and molasses, and the addition amounts of the corn flour, the ammonium bicarbonate, the molasses and the biological fermentation bacteria agent are respectively 10%, 5.2%, 4.5% and 1.2% of the weight of the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves. The biological fermentation inoculum is prepared from cellulase, protease, ligninase, amylase, acetic acid bacteria, candida utilis and monascus according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.65: 0.38: 0.55: 1.4: 1.22: 0.52, keeping the enzyme activities of cellulase, protease, ligninase and amylase at 230-260U/kg;

the specific process of anaerobic fermentation is as follows: corn flour, ammonium bicarbonate, molasses and biological fermentation bacteria are added from a feeding hopper 26 and fall onto the outer surface of a gear 28, a knob 35 is held by hand to rotate a screw 34, the screw 34 inwards compresses a torsion spring 33, the torsion spring 33 pushes a straight rack 27 to move, the straight rack 27 drives the gear 28 to rotate, the corn flour, the ammonium bicarbonate, the molasses and the biological fermentation bacteria are subjected to refining grinding in the process that the straight rack 27 is meshed with the gear 28, and the refined grinding falls into a fermentation cavity 12 for anaerobic fermentation; in the fermentation process, the first servo motor 21 drives the stirring shaft 22 and the stirring rod 23 to rotate, so that the fermented materials are stirred and dispersed; gas generated in the fermentation process enters an alkali liquor tank 38 through an exhaust pipe 37, acidic gas such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide gas is neutralized and absorbed by alkali liquor in the alkali liquor tank 38, and methane gas enters an adsorption tank 41 through a connecting pipe 39 and is adsorbed by a methane adsorbent.

Step three, secondary crushing: the fermented material falls into a secondary crushing and grinding box 40 through a discharge cavity 50, and crushed fermented material is obtained after secondary crushing and grinding;

step four, refining the feed: mixing the crushed fermented material, bean cake, wheat, salt and premix according to the weight ratio of 68: 11: 5.6: 0.47: 8, mixing uniformly to obtain the refined feed.

The preparation process of the biological enzymolysis paper mulberry feed comprises cutting and crushing, anaerobic fermentation, secondary crushing and feed refining, wherein the cutting and crushing, the anaerobic fermentation and the secondary crushing are all completed through paper mulberry feed secondary crushing and fermentation equipment, the crushing efficiency of paper mulberry leaves is improved, the paper mulberry leaves are crushed to be uniform in particle size and then are mixed with auxiliary materials and biological fermentation microbial inoculum for fermentation, and sharp tree spines cannot be left; the anaerobic fermentation is convenient to control the feeding amount of the auxiliary materials and the biological fermentation microbial inoculum, the continuous crushing, grinding and conveying of the fermentation materials are realized, the eating, digestion and absorption of livestock and poultry are convenient, and the agglomeration of the feed in the storage and transportation processes is avoided; the multiple enzymes are matched with the microbial inoculum to destroy the cell wall of the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, decompose the nutrients such as protein, cellulose, vitamins and the like in the broussonetia papyrifera leaves into sugars, lipids, lactic acid and amino acid, improve the palatability by matching with corn flour, ammonium bicarbonate and molasses, improve the nutritive value of broussonetia papyrifera feed and facilitate the absorption of livestock and poultry.

Example 3

The difference between the preparation process of the feed for broussonetia papyrifera by biological enzymolysis and the embodiment 2 is that the addition amounts of the corn flour, the ammonium bicarbonate, the molasses and the biological fermentation inoculant in the step two are respectively 8%, 4.5%, 3.6% and 1.8% of the weight of the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves. The biological fermentation inoculum is prepared from cellulase, protease, ligninase, amylase, acetic acid bacteria, candida utilis and monascus according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.6: 0.42: 0.55: 1.36: 1.15: 0.37, keeping the enzyme activities of the cellulase, the protease, the ligninase and the amylase at 230-260U/kg.

In the fourth step, the crushed fermentation material, the bean cake, the wheat, the salt and the premix are mixed according to the weight ratio of 72: 9: 5: 0.36: 8 mixing evenly to obtain the refined feed.

Example 4

The difference between the preparation process of the feed for broussonetia papyrifera by biological enzymolysis and the embodiment 2 is that the addition amounts of the corn flour, the ammonium bicarbonate, the molasses and the biological fermentation inoculant in the step two are respectively 10%, 5.2%, 4.5% and 2.3% of the weight of the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves. The biological fermentation inoculum is prepared from cellulase, protease, ligninase, amylase, acetic acid bacteria, candida utilis and monascus according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.72: 0.46: 0.58: 1.48: 1.23: 0.47, keeping the enzyme activities of the cellulase, the protease, the ligninase and the amylase at 230-260U/kg.

In the fourth step, the crushed fermentation material, the bean cake, the wheat, the salt and the premix are mixed according to the weight ratio of 70: 10: 7: 0.38: 8, mixing uniformly to obtain the refined feed.

Comparative example 1

The difference between the comparative example and the example 2 is that in the first step, the conventional crushing equipment is selected to crush the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves to 20-30 meshes and then the crushed leaves are screened.

Comparative example 2

The difference between this comparative example and example 2 is that acetic acid bacteria, candida utilis and monascus are not added to the biofermentation agent for the anaerobic fermentation in step two.

Comparative example 3

This comparative example differs from example 2 in that secondary pulverization was not carried out.

Feed feeding effect test

The feed feeding effect verification is carried out on the feed for the biological enzymolysis broussonetia papyrifera prepared in the examples 2-4 and the comparative examples 1-3. Selecting 120 young ducks which are healthy in growth and 40-70 g in weight, randomly dividing the young ducks into 6 groups, wherein each group comprises 20 ducks which are respectively an experimental group 1-3 and a comparative group 1-3, correspondingly feeding the biological enzymolysis broussonetia papyrifera feed prepared in the examples 2-4 and the comparative examples 1-3, and the biological enzymolysis broussonetia papyrifera feed can be freely drunk for 30 days, and is fed for 3 times a day, wherein the time is 9-10 am, 2-3 pm and 7-8 pm. And testing the average daily feed intake, the average daily gain and the material weight ratio. Wherein the average daily gain is weighed between 8 and 9 in the morning, and the average daily gain of each group is calculated; the average daily feed intake is divided by the average daily gain. Specific detection results are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 feed feeding effect test results

Test set	Average daily food intake (g)	Average daily gain (g)	Material to weight ratio
				Experimental group 1	158	92	1.72
Experimental group 2	156	90	1.73
				Experimental group 3	157	88	1.78
Comparative group 1	146	68	2.15
				Comparative group 2	153	62	2.47
Comparative group 3	148	66	2.24

As can be seen from the table above, the average daily feed intake and average daily gain of the ducks fed by the experimental group of the biological enzymolysis paper mulberry feed are superior to those of the comparative group, and the material weight ratio is smaller than that of the comparative group, so that the biological enzymolysis paper mulberry feed of the experimental group is more palatable, and has more obvious effects of enhancing nutrition and increasing weight. The comparative group 1 and the comparative group 3 do not adopt the secondary crushing fermentation equipment in the embodiment 1, so that the feed is easy to agglomerate, the nutrient components are not uniformly dispersed, and the daily gain effect is reduced; compared with the group 2, due to the lack of partial microbial inoculum, the nutrient substances such as protein, cellulose, vitamins and the like in the broussonetia papyrifera leaves cannot be completely decomposed into saccharides, lipids, lactic acid and amino acid, the loss of nutrient components is large, and the daily gain effect is obviously reduced.

Meat conventional ingredient test

After the fed duck is slaughtered, selecting a duck meat part for detecting the moisture content, the crude protein content, the intramuscular fat content and the ash content, wherein the specific detection results are shown in a table 2:

TABLE 2 results of conventional meat ingredient testing

As can be seen from the table above, the duck fed with the broussonetia papyrifera feed subjected to biological enzymolysis by the experimental group has the advantages of higher crude protein content, lower intramuscular fat content, lower ash content and higher nutritional value in the conventional meat components.

The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A preparation process of biological enzymolysis broussonetia papyrifera feed is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, cutting and crushing: cutting and crushing the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves by using broussonetia papyrifera feed secondary crushing fermentation equipment to obtain broussonetia papyrifera crushed materials;

step four, refining the feed: the weight ratio of the crushed fermentation material to the bean cake, the wheat, the salt and the premix (65-75): (6-12): (3-8): (0.2-0.6): (3-10) uniformly mixing to obtain the refined feed.

2. The preparation process of the feed for the broussonetia papyrifera through biological enzymolysis, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the specific process of the step one is as follows: adding the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves into a primary crushing cavity (11) from a feed hopper (51), driving a connecting shaft (14) and a cutting blade (15) and a crushing blade (16) to rotate by a speed reducing motor (13), primarily cutting the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves and leaf stalks thereof by the cutting blade (15), further refining and crushing the crushing blade (16) in the falling process, and allowing the crushed materials to fall into a fermentation cavity (12) after the crushed materials meet the requirement of the particle size of a filter screen in a filter hopper (20); and starting the circulating pump (18), and conveying the crushed material which does not meet the requirement of the particle size into the primary crushing cavity (11) by the generated centrifugal force for continuous crushing.

3. The preparation process of the feed for broussonetia papyrifera through biological enzymolysis according to claim 1, wherein the addition amounts of the corn flour, the ammonium bicarbonate, the molasses and the biological fermentation inoculant are respectively 6-11%, 3-6%, 2-5% and 0.6-3.5% of the weight of the whole broussonetia papyrifera leaves; the biological fermentation inoculum is prepared from cellulase, protease, ligninase, amylase, acetic acid bacteria, candida utilis and monascus according to the weight ratio of 1: (0.5-0.8): (0.3-0.5): (0.4-0.7): (1.2-1.6): (1.1-1.3): (0.2-0.6) and keeping the enzymatic activities of the cellulase, the protease, the ligninase and the amylase to be 230-260U/kg.

4. The preparation process of the feed for the broussonetia papyrifera through biological enzymolysis according to claim 1, wherein corn flour, ammonium bicarbonate, molasses and biological fermentation microbial inoculum are added from a feeding hopper (26) during anaerobic fermentation and fall onto the outer surface of a gear (28), a knob (35) is held to rotate a screw rod (34), the screw rod (34) inwards compresses a torsion spring (33), the torsion spring (33) pushes a straight rack (27) to move, the straight rack (27) drives the gear (28) to rotate, the corn flour, ammonium bicarbonate, molasses and the biological fermentation microbial inoculum are finely ground in the process that the straight rack (27) is meshed with the gear (28), and the corn flour, ammonium bicarbonate, molasses and the biological fermentation microbial inoculum fall into a fermentation cavity (12) to perform anaerobic fermentation after the fine grinding.

5. The preparation process of the feed for the broussonetia papyrifera through biological enzymolysis according to claim 4, wherein a first servo motor (21) drives a stirring shaft (22) and a stirring rod (23) to rotate in the fermentation process, so that the fermented materials are stirred and dispersed; gas generated in the fermentation process enters an alkali liquor tank (38) through an exhaust pipe (37), acidic gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide are neutralized and absorbed by alkali liquor in the alkali liquor tank (38), and methane gas enters an adsorption tank (41) through a connecting pipe (39) and is adsorbed by a methane adsorbent.

6. The preparation process of the feed for the broussonetia papyrifera as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fermentation equipment for the second pulverization of the broussonetia papyrifera feed comprises a pulverization fermentation tank (10) and a second pulverization grinding box (40), the pulverization fermentation tank (10) comprises a first pulverization chamber (11) and a fermentation chamber (12) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, a cutting and pulverization mechanism is arranged in the first pulverization chamber (11), the second pulverization grinding box (40) is communicated with the bottom of the fermentation chamber (12) through a discharge chamber (50), and a fine feeding mechanism is arranged on the top side wall of the fermentation chamber (12).

7. The preparation process of the feed for the broussonetia papyrifera as claimed in claim 6, wherein the cutting and crushing mechanism comprises a speed reducing motor (13), a connecting shaft (14) and cutting blades (15), the speed reducing motor (13) extends into an inner cavity of the primary crushing cavity (11) from the top of the primary crushing cavity and then is connected with the connecting shaft (14), the cutting blades (15) are arranged on the periphery of the upper section of the connecting shaft (14), and the crushing blades (16) are arranged on the periphery of the lower section of the connecting shaft (14); the crushing blades (16) comprise mounting rings (161), crushing rods (162) and fine crushing blades (163), the mounting rings (161) are sleeved on the periphery of the connecting shaft (14), the crushing rods (162) are arranged on the periphery of the mounting rings (161), the fine crushing blades (163) are arranged above and below the crushing rods (162), and crushing knives (164) are arranged on the periphery of the fine crushing blades (163); the bottom of the primary crushing cavity (11) is connected with a circulating pump (18) through a discharge pipe (17), and the circulating pump (18) is communicated with the upper part of the primary crushing cavity (11) through a material return pipe (19); the top of the primary crushing cavity (11) is provided with a feed hopper (51), and the bottom of the primary crushing cavity (11) is provided with a filter hopper (20).

8. The preparation process of the feed for the broussonetia papyrifera through biological enzymolysis according to claim 6, wherein the secondary crushing and grinding box (40) is in a horizontal cylinder shape, one end of the secondary crushing and grinding box (40) is provided with a second driving motor (42), and the second driving motor (42) is connected with a secondary crushing and grinding mechanism extending into an inner cavity of the secondary crushing and grinding box (40); the secondary crushing and grinding mechanism comprises a grinding shaft (43), spiral flood dragon (44) are arranged on the periphery of the grinding shaft (43), grinding rollers (45) are arranged between adjacent spiral flood dragon (44), and rolling bearings (46) are arranged at two ends of the grinding shaft (43); the axis of the grinding roller (45) is tightly matched with the periphery of the grinding shaft (43), first grinding teeth (47) are arranged on two sides of the grinding roller (45), second grinding teeth (48) are arranged on the periphery of the grinding roller (45), and a discharge hopper (49) is arranged at the bottom of one side, away from the second driving motor (42), of the secondary grinding box (40).