CN114502251A - 可重复使用的复合过滤材料及制备和使用其去除和破坏水中分子污染物的方法 - Google Patents
可重复使用的复合过滤材料及制备和使用其去除和破坏水中分子污染物的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114502251A CN114502251A CN202080070893.0A CN202080070893A CN114502251A CN 114502251 A CN114502251 A CN 114502251A CN 202080070893 A CN202080070893 A CN 202080070893A CN 114502251 A CN114502251 A CN 114502251A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- filter material
- composite filter
- pfa
- particles
- gac
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013032 photocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940031182 nanoparticles iron oxide Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroform Substances ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dopamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002156 adsorbate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PGNRLPTYNKQQDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxyindole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C(O)NC2=C1 PGNRLPTYNKQQDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- JQWHASGSAFIOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium periodate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]I(=O)(=O)=O JQWHASGSAFIOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960003638 dopamine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTENFNNZBMHDDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dopamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CTENFNNZBMHDDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021577 Iron(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960001149 dopamine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013056 hazardous product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002274 Nalgene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012494 Quartz wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 meshes Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
- B01D39/04—Organic material, e.g. cellulose, cotton
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1692—Other shaped material, e.g. perforated or porous sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2003—Glass or glassy material
- B01D39/2017—Glass or glassy material the material being filamentary or fibrous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2027—Metallic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28016—Particle form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/2808—Pore diameter being less than 2 nm, i.e. micropores or nanopores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/28083—Pore diameter being in the range 2-50 nm, i.e. mesopores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/28085—Pore diameter being more than 50 nm, i.e. macropores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3071—Washing or leaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0414—Surface modifiers, e.g. comprising ion exchange groups
- B01D2239/0428—Rendering the filter material hydrophobic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0471—Surface coating material
- B01D2239/0485—Surface coating material on particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0471—Surface coating material
- B01D2239/0492—Surface coating material on fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1216—Pore size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/301—Detergents, surfactants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/40—Organic compounds containing sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
Abstract
具有高比表面积的具体官能化复合过滤材料用于吸附饮用水中的PFA。在优选实施方式中,基础过滤材料是粒状活性炭(GAC),其依次涂覆有聚多巴胺薄层、部分氧化的铁的薄层和十八烷基胺的薄涂层。在PFA被吸附到涂覆的GAC颗粒上后,PFA通过冲洗过程去除并保留在冲洗流出物中。根据需要回收和重新涂覆GAC颗粒以恢复其吸附能力。使用光化学过程处理含PFA的流出物以破坏PFA分子。现在不含PFA的流出物可以作为无害材料处理。复合过滤材料适用于从个人使用的小型无源***到大型高流量公用事业水处理***的***。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及使用复合吸附剂通过吸附处理水。本发明更具体地涉及去除含有氟或含氟化合物的污染物。本发明还涉及吸附剂/过滤器的再生。具体而言,本发明涉及从水中去除分子污染物以及安全地破坏它们;特别是去除和破坏全氟烷基和多氟烷基的分子,其中通常是长链(C=8)分子全氟辛酸(PFOA)和全氟辛烷磺酸盐(PFOS)和相关的短链PFA(C≤7)。
背景技术
有充分证据表明,现在环境中存在多种人为材料,这些材料对人类(和动物)生命具有作用持久性和有害性。饮用水中的痕量人造分子物质(例如全氟烷基和多氟烷基,统称为PFA)尤其令人担忧。去除此类分子污染物方法的两个示例包括:1)使受污染的水流过粒状颗粒的床,其表面含有化学吸附和/或物理吸附(物理性吸附)的活性位点;或2)使受污染的水流过多孔膜、超细网或由各种材料制成的紧密堆积纤维的网络,所有这些都具有用于化学吸收和/或物理吸附的活性表面位点。任一种方法的有效性都取决于用于捕获和保持污染物分子的活性位点的数量,而该数量又取决于与水接触的总表面积。一个重要的基础过滤材料特性是表面积与材料质量的比值或比表面积,表示为SA,通常以m2/g为单位。
所述复合过滤材料的比面积越高,所述材料需要更换或(如果可能的话)重新活化的频率就越低。有两种方法可以达到粒状颗粒的高比面积:如果是实心颗粒,则将直径(或最大尺寸)限制至几微米或更小,或者在每个粒状颗粒的表面产生大量纳米级孔隙(从零点几纳米到几百纳米)。前者的一个例子是,与毫米或更大直径的二氧化硅球相比,几微米直径的二氧化硅球。(例如,直径为1mm的二氧化硅球的比面积为约0.1m2/g,而直径为10微米的球体的比面积为约90m2/g。)后者的一个例子是多孔基础过滤材料。
在分子污染物吸附领域有经验的人员已知,在所述多孔基础过滤材料中具有孔径分布是很重要的。一般来说,污染物分子越接近基础滤芯的表面,吸附越强。在小直径的孔中,分子会自动靠近孔壁,使吸附更强。更小的、更强的吸附孔通常被认为具有更高的能量。多孔基础过滤材料的非限制性示例是粒状活性炭(GAC)。根据活化过程,GAC可以具有低至零点几m2/g至高于1500m2/g的比表面积。活性表面位点基本上都在GAC颗粒的孔的内侧壁表面上。通常,孔径通常分为三大类尺寸:微孔,其尺寸小于两纳米,在本申请中通常为零点几纳米到几纳米;大孔,其尺寸大于50纳米,在本申请中通常为几纳米到几十纳米;和中孔,其尺寸为2至50纳米(含),在本申请中通常为几十纳米到几百纳米。较高能量的孔是GAC颗粒中的微孔。中孔在本领域中被描述为分子到达较小孔的途径,因此与微孔和大孔相比,预期对GAC的吸附能力的贡献较小。
虽然用于处理含有诸如PFA等分子污染物的饮用水的一种常见方法是使用GAC床,但这种方法的一个困难是,一旦GAC被例如PFA分子饱和,则GAC本身就会变成有害材料,必须进行相应处理。目前,处理PFA饱和粒状活性炭材料有两种广泛的方法:1)将用过的GAC作为有害材料处理,使污染物无法从中逸出并重新进入环境;或2)从GAC中剥离污染物并在非常高的温度下焚烧污染物。通常这样的温度接近1000C。目前最近的证据清楚地表明,必须采取极端预防措施,以防止在焚烧过程中将空气中的PFA污染物释放到环境中。一种经过专门设计以消除对苛刻处理措施(如1000C炉)的需要的过滤介质显然是可取的。
发明内容
本发明是一种可重复使用的复合过滤材料及其制备方法,它可以由多种基础过滤材料在温和条件下使用简单的工艺制成。合适的基础过滤材料包括实心粒状颗粒、多孔粒状颗粒、多孔膜、网状物和成束成网络的实心或多孔纤维。通常,高性能过滤材料将具有高比表面积和大量活性表面位点。对这种过滤材料的改善是以这样的方式预处理过滤材料,即一旦发生污染物吸附,吸附后的气态基、溶液基或它们的组合处理过程将致使污染物从过滤材料中释放出来进入处理流出物(treatment effluent)。然后可以将处理流出物引导到合适的容器中,在其中它可以被进一步处理以破坏污染物,从而允许安全排放现在无污染物的流出物。
附图说明
图1描绘了粒状活性炭的三维颗粒(1)的一部分的二维截面图,显示了由活化过程产生的理想孔阵列的开口(2)。然后用聚多巴胺(PDA)(3)涂覆具有孔(2)的三维颗粒(1)的表面,该聚多巴胺(PDA)(3)被官能化以改善其金属螯合能力。将铁膜(4)设置在官能化PDA上,然后沉积十八烷基胺(ODA)膜(5)。较小的通道是微孔,较大的开口是通向微孔的中孔。图不是按比例绘制的。
图2显示了使用复合过滤材料从水中去除污染物所需的步骤流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明的所有实施方式将在宽浓度范围内从饮用水中捕获宽范围的分子污染物。作为非限制性示例,所述PFA分子的预期浓度范围从每升几纳克延伸到每升几微克。同样,在不暗示任何限制的情况下,本节其余段落的重点将是从饮用水中去除所引用浓度范围内的PFA分子。所述PFA分子的两个突出示例是全氟辛酸(PFOA)和全氟辛烷磺酸盐(PFOS)。在不暗示对基础(即预处理)过滤材料的选择或配置有任何限制的情况下,基础过滤材料的至少一个实施方式是粒状活性炭。预处理的GAC的孔宽范围可以从零点几纳米(nm)到大于100nm。第一工艺步骤,在GAC颗粒的至少一部分上沉积粘合材料的薄涂层;第二步,增强粘合材料的螯合能力;第三步,在官能化粘合材料的至少一部分上沉积至少部分氧化的金属的薄涂层;和第四步,在氧化金属涂层的至少一部分上沉积疏水涂层。所有涂层均在简单的室温(或接近室温)温度过程中沉积。
由于本发明包括向孔表面添加可以封闭较小的微孔的涂层,因此重要的是至少具有一些大孔,这些大孔最坏的结果是在所有涂覆工艺之后变成微孔。涂覆过程也可以导致一些中孔最终变成微孔以及一些大孔(如果足够小)也将有助于整体吸附。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,直接在GAC表面上涂覆的所述官能化粘合材料层包括官能化聚多巴胺(PDA)层。官能化PDA层厚度在约零点几纳米到约5nm的范围内。第二层是沉积在官能化PDA层的至少一部分上的铁薄膜。铁膜在GAC的整个表面上可以是连续的或者可以不是连续的,并且可以具有从一个单层到约5nm范围内的厚度。所述铁膜的至少一部分被至少部分地氧化。第三层包括疏水材料,其全部或部分地覆盖部分氧化的铁膜的表面,和(如果存在)可能地以下任一种的一部分:非氧化的铁膜、官能化PDA涂层、原样沉积的PDA涂层和未涂覆的GAC底物。
其它过渡金属、碱金属、碱土金属、稀土金属和元素周期表中第13、14和15族的所有其它金属以及它们的氧化物(如果有的话)可以用来代替铁或甚至与铁一起使用。
本发明的所有实施方式将物理吸附水中宽浓度范围内的污染物分子。物理吸附(即非化学吸附)过程由污染物分子和任何给定过滤材料之间的疏水、静电或分散力控制。表面电荷接近零但略带表面负电荷的表面从水中吸附PFA分子将主要通过疏水力发生。类似地,如果表面接近零但略微带净正电荷,则吸附可以是疏水和弱静电力的组合。普遍认为疏水力将主导疏水分子在疏水表面上的物理吸附。
在去除过程的一个实施方式中,一旦复合GAC颗粒已经被PFA吸附物饱和,则可以将它们置于设计成从复合GAC颗粒中释放所述PFA吸附物分子的溶液中。当释放到处理溶液中时,PFA吸附物分子可随流出物一起被带走,而吸附剂底物颗粒可以保留以供重复使用。在本发明的一个实施方式中,冲洗过的底物颗粒可以恢复成其原始的、未涂覆的表面。在另一个实施方式中,冲洗过的底物颗粒可以在其表面上含有粘合剂儿茶酚基(catechol-based)材料的涂层。在本发明的又一个实施方式中,冲洗过的底物颗粒可以含有粘合剂PDA材料的涂层以及该粘合剂PDA涂层上的部分氧化的金属涂层。在又一个实施方式中,冲洗过的GAC底物颗粒可以含有粘合材料涂层、金属涂层、部分氧化的金属涂层和疏水材料涂层。一旦冲洗并除去了疏水涂层和污染物分子,则GAC底物颗粒可根据需要进行再处理以将材料恢复到其预吸附配置,并重复使用。
来自过滤和冲洗过程的污染流出物可以使用多种众所周知的光催化过程中的一种进行处理。非限制性但作为说明,可以将含有PFA吸附物的冲洗工艺流出物与一定体积的纳米级光催化颗粒混合,所述纳米级光催化颗粒包括会促进PFA吸附物分子的光催化破坏的一种或多种金属氧化物。催化纳米颗粒可具有约5nm至500nm范围内的最大尺寸。取决于光催化颗粒的电子带隙,促进PFA污染物的光催化破坏的光波长可以在约650nm至约100nm范围内。一旦污染物破坏完成,可以通过任何合适的方式(过滤、离心等)回收光催化颗粒,并将流出物排出以进行处理。
作为本发明主题的制备可重复使用的复合过滤材料的方法包括一系列顺序程序,下文提供了其细节。不限制其它底物,此处描述的程序适用于GAC颗粒。类似的程序可以与其它复合过滤材料一起使用,无论是颗粒性质的还是多孔或无孔膜、超细网或纤维网络(例如石英棉纤维束)的形式。程序1提供了为以下描述的后续程序制备商用粒状活性炭颗粒的工艺步骤。程序2和3提供了两组可供选择的工艺步骤,以在GAC上沉积粘合材料涂层。在优选实施方式中,粘合材料是聚多巴胺(PDA)。程序4提供了对PDA膜进行改性(即官能化)的工艺步骤,以在其表面上产生二羟基吲哚(DHI)亚基,从而增加其金属螯合能力。程序5提供了使用至少部分氧化的铁膜涂覆官能化PDA表面的工艺步骤。程序6提供了将十八烷基胺(ODA)的疏水涂层施加到至少部分氧化的金属涂层作为GAC颗粒上的最终层的工艺步骤。ODA涂层是示例性的,并且不限制可以与此处未包括的其它合适的工艺步骤一起使用的其它疏水性涂层。
除非另有说明,否则所有程序均在室温下进行。
作为示例而非限制,一旦复合官能化GAC颗粒已吸附了预定质量的PFA分子,则可通过如程序7中所述去除疏水层而从GAC中去除吸附的PFA分子。如果需要,随后可以遵循程序8中的工艺步骤从颗粒中去除铁膜。所得流出物可以添加到来自程序7的冲洗流出物中。然后,通过施用程序9中提供的工艺步骤,变性或破坏来自冲洗程序的流出物中所含的PFA分子。
可以通过遵循程序10中提供的工艺步骤来确定颗粒吸附能力以及在给定组的条件下吸附的PFA分子的总量。
颗粒、制备和使用所述颗粒的程序以及描述为吸附目标的污染物是说明性的而非限制性的。对此处描述的技术的替代方案对于在表面上沉积材料和去除材料的领域的技术人员来说将是已知的。
程序1:分拣和清洁所接收到的煤基或植物基粒状活性炭颗粒
使用的材料:
-比表面积大于900m2/g的粒状活性炭(GAC)颗粒
-150ml-300ml去离子(DI)水
-氮气
工艺步骤:
-称量10-20g所接收到的颗粒。
-作为说明并且对于一个特定的实施方式,筛分并仅保留2.36mm(#8筛)至2.8mm(#7筛)GAC。
-用压缩空气去除灰尘。
-用150ml-300ml DI水冲洗颗粒。
-用低压氮气流干燥。
-在125C下烘烤过夜。
程序2:在粒状活性炭颗粒上碱性溶液(pH=8.5)沉积粘合剂儿茶酚基材料的薄涂
层
使用的材料:
-2g按照上述程序1分拣和清洁的GAC
-250ml 8.5pH Tris碱
-0.4g盐酸多巴胺
工艺步骤:
-在1000ml Erlenmeyer烧瓶中将2g颗粒与250ml Tris和0.4g多巴胺组合。
-充气并且在125rpm下振动2小时。
-用100ml DI水冲洗。
-在70C下干燥样品16-24小时。
-重新称量。
程序3:在粒状活性炭颗粒上沉积酸基粘合剂儿茶酚基材料
使用的材料:
-1g按照上述程序1分拣和清洁的GAC
-250ml pH 5的McIlvaine缓冲液
-0.4g盐酸多巴胺
-0.01g高碘酸钠
工艺步骤:
-在1000ml Erlenmeyer烧瓶中将l g GAC与250ml McIlvaine缓冲液和0.4g多巴胺组合。
-加入高碘酸钠,涡旋,充气并在125rpm下振动2小时。
-用约40ml DI水冲洗颗粒。
-在150ml DI水中在250rpm下搅拌60分钟。
-用100ml DI水冲洗颗粒。
-在70C下干燥样品16-24小时。
-重新称量。
程序4:对GAC底物颗粒上的PDA层进行官能化,以在PDA表面上产生二羟基吲哚
(DHI)亚基
使用的材料:
-33.29g CaCl2
-6.05g Tris缓冲液
-1L DI H2O
-1g具有聚多巴胺涂层的颗粒
-HCl
工艺步骤:
-通过在1L DI H2O中将33.29g CaCl2和6.05g Tris组合来制备CaCl2和Tris溶液。
-将pH调节至9.5。
-按比例组合:1g颗粒比100ml处理溶液。
-通过溶液鼓泡空气4小时并用搅拌棒混合。
-从溶液中取出颗粒并用200ml DI H2O冲洗。
-在pH 2.5HCl中温育颗粒15分钟。
-从溶液中取出颗粒并用200ml DI H2O冲洗。
程序5:在GAC底物颗粒上的官能化PDA层上沉积至少部分氧化的铁膜-氯化亚铁工
艺
使用的材料:
-0.01g FeCl2
-5g PDA@GAC
-1ml NaClO
-HC1
-NaOH
-振动台
-pH计
工艺步骤:
-在50ml烧瓶中,将FeCl2与25ml DI水与每25ml至多5gPDA@GAC组合。
-在>160rpm下振动2小时。
-2小时后,***pH计并测取读数。
-加入1ml NaClO。
-一旦稳定,用NaOH溶液(或HCl,如必要)调节pH至约pH 5.0。
-继续振动。
-再重复步骤2-6三次(总共使用4ml NaClO)。
-用200ml DI H2O冲洗两次。
-在使用成品颗粒之前,在80C下干燥最少4小时。
程序6:在Al2O3或GAC多孔颗粒底物上的粘合剂儿茶酚基层上的金属氧化物层上沉
积十八烷基胺(ODA)薄层-氯仿工艺
使用的材料:
-100ml氯仿
-0.4g十八烷基胺
-1.0g涂覆用复合颗粒
工艺步骤:
-在适当的烧杯中加入100ml氯仿。
-在氯仿中加入0.4g十八烷基胺。
-添加待涂覆的1.0g复合颗粒。
-将混合物振动所需的时间(5分钟-2小时)。
-使用不锈钢网过滤出颗粒。
-干燥颗粒,不超过60C。
程序7:吸附后去除含有PFA分子的十八烷基胺(ODA)层
使用的材料:
-100ml DI H2O
-至多5g受污染的颗粒
-热板
工艺步骤:
-将DI H2O添加到烧杯中并在热板上加热至80C。
-将受污染的颗粒加入烧杯中并盖上。
-加热长达1天。
-从废液中滤出颗粒。
-根据EPACircular 537.1测试废液的PFA含量。
程序8:去除ODA/PFA后从吸附剂颗粒中溶解先前沉积的铁
使用的材料:
-0.5g从程序6中保留的完整GAC颗粒
-50ml 5%硝酸
工艺步骤:重要:在通风橱中进行所有工作。
-将0.5g先前制备的吸附剂颗粒放入50ml预热至70C的5%硝酸中。
-在振动台上在125-400rpm下振动15分钟。
-通过Nalgene过滤器过滤从溶液中去除GAC颗粒。
-测试滤液的铁浓度。
-冲洗颗粒,保存流出物用于分析。
-根据EPACircular 537.1测试废液的PFA含量。
-使用任何方便的标准技术(如原子吸附光谱仪)测试冲洗流出物的铁含量。
程序9:使用组合的金属氧化物纳米颗粒光催化破坏PFOS和PFOA及相关的PFA化合
物
所需材料:
-0.1g Fe2O3@TiO2复合纳米颗粒,近似平均最大尺寸在20nm至60nm范围内
-总容积350ml的耐酸光催化反应室
-石英管夹套的UV-C光源(6W,120v)
-来自程序7和8的300ml滤液和冲洗流出物
-微型轨道振动台
工艺步骤
-将300ml冲洗流出物倒入反应室。
-将0.1g复合干燥纳米颗粒添加到室中。
-密封室,置于200-450rpm的振动台上。
-打开UV灯并使反应进行至少24小时。
-从反应室中去除溶液。
-使溶液沉降,然后倒出尽可能多的液体以进行PFA测试,同时不要倒出任何纳米颗粒。如果需要,离心溶液以获得最大的纳米颗粒保留。
程序10:使用单一氧化物纳米颗粒对PFOA和PFOS及相关PFA化合物进行光催化破
坏
所需材料:
-0.1近似平均最大尺寸在5nm至60nm范围内的TiO2纳米颗粒
-总容积为350ml的耐酸光催化反应室
-石英管夹套的UV-C光源(6W,120v)
-300ml来自程序7和8的滤液和冲洗流出物
-微型轨道振动台
工艺步骤:
-将300ml滤液和冲洗流出物倒入反应室。
-将0.1g干纳米颗粒添加到室中。
-密封室,置于200-450rpm下的振动台上。
-打开UV灯并使反应进行至少24小时。
-从反应室中去除溶液。
-在不倒出任何纳米颗粒的情况下,尽可能多地倒出液体以进行PFA测试。如果需要,离心溶液以获得最大的纳米颗粒保留。
可以通过应用程序1-6中描述的适当方法或方法的组合,对从程序7和8获得的经冲洗分离的、现在无污染物的吸附剂颗粒进行重新官能化。
一旦产生了本发明的任何实施方式,就可以使用下面的程序11测试它们的吸附能力。
程序11:测试复合过滤材料的PFOS和PFOA吸附
所需材料:
-若干克制备的复合过滤材料
-制备多个量的含有指定浓度在各约1ppb至各约100ppb范围内的PFOS和PFOA的DI水
工艺步骤:
-向含有至少100ml制备的受污染DI水的多个Erlenmeyer***每一个中添加数量范围从1g到10g的复合过滤材料。
-将烧瓶放在轨道振动台上24小时,其速度足以促进复合过滤材料和污染物的混合。
-倾析液体并按照EPACircular 537.1 PFA测试程序分析PFA。
通过使用上述或类似程序形成的本发明的所有实施方式都适用于从水中吸附污染物PFA分子。吸附可以通过以下来完成:1)将复合过滤材料置于固定滤床中并使受污染的水流过床;或2)将复合过滤材料直接与受污染的水混合预定时间,然后通过例如离心、简单筛分或其它合适的工艺将复合过滤材料与水分离。
通过说明而非限制的方式,本发明公开的复合GAC颗粒的至少一种样品的吸附能力测试结果如下:吸附PFOA的能力:2.99mg/g,以及吸附PFOS:2.43mg/g。为比较起见,来自同一批材料的原始GAC经过程序1后的测试结果如下:PFOA:2.86mg/g;PFOS:2.30mg/g。结果表明,实施本发明的颗粒在吸附PFA方面与原始颗粒一样有效。显著的区别在于,被原始GAC颗粒吸附的PFA分子只能在苛刻的条件下去除,而本发明能够在温和的条件下通过简单的工艺进行所述去除。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,通过将步骤7中描述的工艺应用于先前描述的典型吸附测试中使用的复合GAC颗粒,从复合GAC颗粒中去除PFA分子。使用程序11通过0.5g复合GAC制品从50ml受污染的水中吸附的PFOA量确定为14±1.5微克。根据EPA Circular 537.1确定,使用程序7在50ml初始清水中回收的PFOA量为12±0.8微克,这与注意到的实验误差内的初始吸附量一致。
Claims (12)
1.一种用于去除水中污染物的复合过滤材料,其中所述复合过滤材料由具有表面区域的基础过滤材料组成;并且其中所述基础过滤材料的所述表面区域至少部分涂覆有粘合材料薄层;并且
其中所述粘合材料薄层至少部分涂覆有金属薄层;并且
其中所述金属薄层至少部分被氧化;并且
其中部分氧化的所述金属薄层至少部分涂覆有疏水材料薄层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合过滤材料,其中所述基础过滤材料包含实心粒状颗粒、多孔粒状颗粒、多孔膜、超细网或者实心或多孔纤维的网络中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的复合过滤材料,其中所述基础过滤材料包含多孔粒状颗粒。
4.根据权利要求3所述的复合过滤材料,其中所述多孔粒状颗粒是微孔的。
5.根据权利要求3所述的复合过滤材料,其中所述多孔粒状颗粒是大孔的。
6.根据权利要求3所述的复合过滤材料,其中所述多孔粒状颗粒是中孔的。
7.根据权利要求3所述的复合过滤材料,其中所述多孔粒状颗粒含有变化量的所有三种类型的孔隙。
8.根据权利要求1所述的复合过滤材料,其中所述粘合材料薄层包含聚多巴胺(PDA)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的复合过滤材料,其中所述金属薄层包含至少部分氧化的铁。
10.根据权利要求1所述的复合过滤材料,其中所述金属薄层包含以下各项中的一种:铁,过渡金属,碱金属,碱土金属,稀土金属或者来自元素周期表第13、14或15族的另一种金属。
11.根据权利要求1所述的复合过滤材料,其中所述疏水材料薄层包含十八烷基胺(ODA)。
12.一种从水中去除和处理污染物的方法,所述方法的步骤包括:
将一定量的权利要求1所述的复合过滤材料置于受污染的水中,并且将所述复合过滤材料留在所述受污染的水和所述复合过滤材料的混合物中一段时间;和
从所述混合物中去除所述复合过滤材料;和
将所述复合过滤材料置于清水中,制备第二混合物,加热所述第二混合物,并将所述第二混合物在升高的温度下保持约1天;和
从所述混合物中去除所述复合过滤材料,留下流出物;和
将来自所述第二混合物的所述流出物置于具有二氧化钛@氧化铁纳米颗粒或二氧化钛纳米颗粒中的任一种以及UV光源的光催化反应室中,并且密封;和
使所述UV光开启并且使所述光催化反应室以250至400RPM振动至少24小时;和
将回收的所述复合过滤材料置于适当的储存介质中,以备将来根据需要进行再处理。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201962914378P | 2019-10-11 | 2019-10-11 | |
US62/914,378 | 2019-10-11 | ||
PCT/US2020/070651 WO2021072446A1 (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2020-10-10 | Reusable composite filter material and methods for making and using the same for removing and destroying molecular contaminants from water |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114502251A true CN114502251A (zh) | 2022-05-13 |
Family
ID=75438193
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202080070893.0A Pending CN114502251A (zh) | 2019-10-11 | 2020-10-10 | 可重复使用的复合过滤材料及制备和使用其去除和破坏水中分子污染物的方法 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US12037266B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP4041430A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2022551327A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20220079647A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN114502251A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2020364329A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2021072446A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116020413A (zh) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-04-28 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | 一种去除水中全氟化合物的吸附材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113341011B (zh) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-11-29 | 中国药科大学 | 一种用于萃取和富集PAHs的固相萃取材料及其在多环芳烃化合物检测的应用 |
CN113527933B (zh) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-12-28 | 四川大学 | 类病毒状铁氧矿物超疏水涂层及其制备方法 |
WO2023076688A1 (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-05-04 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | System and devices for removal of contaminates |
CN115381963B (zh) * | 2022-07-25 | 2023-08-25 | 新乡医学院 | 一种聚多巴胺/硫化亚铁复合光热抗菌材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58109135A (ja) * | 1981-12-21 | 1983-06-29 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 粒状活性炭のコ−テイング方法 |
JP2003261314A (ja) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-16 | Panasonic Communications Co Ltd | 活性炭とその製造方法及び浄水装置 |
KR100704929B1 (ko) * | 2006-03-16 | 2007-04-09 | (주)선진환경 | 중금속 및 유기물 제거용 3가철 첨착 활성탄과 그 제조방법 |
US20070193938A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-23 | Yavorsky David P | Adsorbent filter media for removal of biological contaminants in process liquids |
JP2011025160A (ja) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-02-10 | Aoyama Eco System:Kk | 水処理用炭−金属複合体及び炭−金属複合体用成型体 |
US20110139726A1 (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-06-16 | Yan Jin | Filtration media coated with zero-valent metals, their process of making, and use |
CN102989414A (zh) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-03-27 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种超疏水活性炭改性材料的制备方法 |
JP2013103174A (ja) * | 2011-11-14 | 2013-05-30 | Osaka Gas Chem Kk | 疎水化吸着材およびその製造方法 |
CN104192978A (zh) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-10 | 华南理工大学 | 一种光声协同降解全氟辛烷磺酸盐的装置和方法 |
CN104628193A (zh) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-20 | 北京师范大学 | 一种以可见光-电联合催化降解水中全氟辛烷磺酸的方法 |
CN105329976A (zh) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-17 | 清华大学 | 吸附并降解水中全氟化合物的方法 |
JP2016098124A (ja) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-30 | 株式会社Kri | 疎水性活性炭及びその製造方法 |
CN106219666A (zh) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-14 | 广西大学 | 一种Pt掺杂In2O3光催化降解水中PFOA的方法 |
JP2018008859A (ja) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-01-18 | 株式会社Kri | 疎水性活性炭の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4820294A (en) * | 1986-05-22 | 1989-04-11 | Chicopee | Apertured film facing and method of making the same |
US5182030A (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-01-26 | Board Of Control Of Michigan Technological University | Regeneration of adsorbents using advanced oxidation |
CA2301640C (en) * | 1997-09-11 | 2005-05-03 | Precision Dynamics Corporation | Laminated radio frequency identification device |
US7341661B2 (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2008-03-11 | Unit Process Technologies, L.L.C. | Clarification and sorptive-filtration system for the capture of constituents and particulate matter in liquids and gases |
US7655112B2 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2010-02-02 | Kx Technologies, Llc | Integrated paper comprising fibrillated fibers and active particles immobilized therein |
US7390414B2 (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2008-06-24 | Wrt International Llc | Regeneration of chemically treated zeolite |
US7768405B2 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2010-08-03 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd | Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof |
EP1737916B1 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2012-08-01 | Cabot Corporation | Surface modified carbon products and their applications |
GB0501199D0 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2005-03-02 | Qinetiq Ltd | Improved RF tags |
WO2008118228A2 (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-10-02 | Stonybrook Water Purification | Articles comprising a fibrous support |
EP2155613A1 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2010-02-24 | H2q Water Industries LTD. | Filter medium |
US8404613B2 (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2013-03-26 | Brookhaven Science Associates, Llc | Platinum-based electrocatalysts synthesized by depositing contiguous adlayers on carbon nanostructures |
EP2319619A1 (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and an apparatus for regeneration of an adsorbent |
CN103534009B (zh) * | 2011-05-16 | 2016-08-31 | 先进水处理公司 | 具有聚多巴胺涂层的改进的膜 |
US10005716B2 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2018-06-26 | Cheorwon Plasma Research Institute | Method for synthesizing catecholamines by using plasma polymerization |
CN107666947B (zh) * | 2015-05-01 | 2020-09-25 | 特励达科学与成像有限责任公司 | 经涂布颗粒状过滤介质 |
US20190001299A1 (en) * | 2015-08-22 | 2019-01-03 | Entegris, Inc. | Microcrystalline cellulose pyrolyzate adsorbent and gas supply packages comprising same |
EP4026808B1 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2024-07-24 | Emerging Compounds Treatment Technologies, Inc. | System for removing and concentrating per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (pfas) from water |
US10987653B2 (en) * | 2017-01-31 | 2021-04-27 | Auburn University | Material for removing contaminants from water |
-
2020
- 2020-10-10 AU AU2020364329A patent/AU2020364329A1/en active Pending
- 2020-10-10 KR KR1020227015664A patent/KR20220079647A/ko unknown
- 2020-10-10 CN CN202080070893.0A patent/CN114502251A/zh active Pending
- 2020-10-10 JP JP2022521755A patent/JP2022551327A/ja active Pending
- 2020-10-10 US US17/606,505 patent/US12037266B2/en active Active
- 2020-10-10 EP EP20873936.7A patent/EP4041430A4/en active Pending
- 2020-10-10 WO PCT/US2020/070651 patent/WO2021072446A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58109135A (ja) * | 1981-12-21 | 1983-06-29 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 粒状活性炭のコ−テイング方法 |
JP2003261314A (ja) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-16 | Panasonic Communications Co Ltd | 活性炭とその製造方法及び浄水装置 |
US20070193938A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-23 | Yavorsky David P | Adsorbent filter media for removal of biological contaminants in process liquids |
KR100704929B1 (ko) * | 2006-03-16 | 2007-04-09 | (주)선진환경 | 중금속 및 유기물 제거용 3가철 첨착 활성탄과 그 제조방법 |
JP2011025160A (ja) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-02-10 | Aoyama Eco System:Kk | 水処理用炭−金属複合体及び炭−金属複合体用成型体 |
US20110139726A1 (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-06-16 | Yan Jin | Filtration media coated with zero-valent metals, their process of making, and use |
JP2013103174A (ja) * | 2011-11-14 | 2013-05-30 | Osaka Gas Chem Kk | 疎水化吸着材およびその製造方法 |
CN102989414A (zh) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-03-27 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种超疏水活性炭改性材料的制备方法 |
CN104192978A (zh) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-10 | 华南理工大学 | 一种光声协同降解全氟辛烷磺酸盐的装置和方法 |
JP2016098124A (ja) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-30 | 株式会社Kri | 疎水性活性炭及びその製造方法 |
CN104628193A (zh) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-20 | 北京师范大学 | 一种以可见光-电联合催化降解水中全氟辛烷磺酸的方法 |
CN105329976A (zh) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-17 | 清华大学 | 吸附并降解水中全氟化合物的方法 |
CN106219666A (zh) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-14 | 广西大学 | 一种Pt掺杂In2O3光催化降解水中PFOA的方法 |
JP2018008859A (ja) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-01-18 | 株式会社Kri | 疎水性活性炭の製造方法 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116020413A (zh) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-04-28 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | 一种去除水中全氟化合物的吸附材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN116020413B (zh) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-10-13 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | 一种去除水中全氟化合物的吸附材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2020364329A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 |
US20220204363A1 (en) | 2022-06-30 |
WO2021072446A1 (en) | 2021-04-15 |
EP4041430A4 (en) | 2023-08-30 |
EP4041430A1 (en) | 2022-08-17 |
JP2022551327A (ja) | 2022-12-08 |
US12037266B2 (en) | 2024-07-16 |
KR20220079647A (ko) | 2022-06-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN114502251A (zh) | 可重复使用的复合过滤材料及制备和使用其去除和破坏水中分子污染物的方法 | |
Bao et al. | PEI grafted amino-functionalized graphene oxide nanosheets for ultrafast and high selectivity removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions by adsorption combined with reduction: Behaviors and mechanisms | |
Arenas et al. | Nanoplastics adsorption and removal efficiency by granular activated carbon used in drinking water treatment process | |
Lu et al. | Fabrication of cross-linked chitosan beads grafted by polyethylenimine for efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium from water | |
Sanguanpak et al. | Porous metakaolin-based geopolymer granules for removal of ammonium in aqueous solution and anaerobically pretreated piggery wastewater | |
Oyehan et al. | The capacity of mesoporous fly ash grafted with ultrathin film of polydiallyldimethyl ammonium for enhanced removal of phenol from aqueous solutions | |
TW201505972A (zh) | 使用零價奈米顆粒處理含污染物液體的方法及設備 | |
JP6495316B2 (ja) | 極めて優れたヒ素除去特性を備える酸化セリウム(iv) | |
Hashemian | MnFe2O4/bentonite nano composite as a novel magnetic material for adsorption of acid red 138 | |
Hamidi Malayeri et al. | Magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotube as an adsorbent for toluidine blue o removal from aqueous solution | |
Shojaei et al. | Lead adsorption onto surface modified nano titania: Kinetic and thermodynamic studies | |
Domingues et al. | Effective and simple removal of Hg from real waters by a robust bio-nanocomposite | |
Li et al. | Sustainably closed loop recycling of hierarchically porous polymer microbeads for efficient removal of cationic dyes | |
Zhang et al. | Synthesis of polyethyleneimine modified polyurethane foam for removal of Pb (II) ion from aqueous solution | |
Kumarage et al. | Electrospun amine-functionalized silica nanoparticles–cellulose acetate nanofiber membranes for effective removal of hardness and heavy metals (As (v), Cd (ii), Pb (ii)) in drinking water sources | |
Sharifian et al. | Reusable granulated silica pillared clay for wastewater treatment, selective for adsorption of Ni (II) | |
Hariyanti et al. | Magnetized algae-silica hybrid from Porphyridium sp. biomass with Fe3O4 particle and its application as adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution | |
EP3288900A1 (en) | Coated granular filtration media | |
US20040124151A1 (en) | Fibrous protein adsorption of heavy metals | |
Atesa et al. | Comparative study on adsorptive removal of Cu, Pb, Zn heavy metals by modified perlite composites | |
US9579630B2 (en) | Bead immobilized with absorbent and microorganisms | |
Pang et al. | Adsorption of chromium (VI) onto activated carbon modified with KMnO4 | |
CN105854783A (zh) | 脱氮除磷即时再生磁性滤料及其制备方法 | |
JP2005270933A (ja) | 陰イオン吸着材、陰イオンの除去方法、陰イオン吸着材の再生方法および元素回収方法 | |
Arsalan et al. | Highly efficient PANI-WH novel composite for remediation of Ni (II), Pb (II), and Cu (II) from wastewater |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |