CN114497763B - Movable interface stabilizing device of liquid metal battery and liquid metal battery - Google Patents
Movable interface stabilizing device of liquid metal battery and liquid metal battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN114497763B CN114497763B CN202210004044.6A CN202210004044A CN114497763B CN 114497763 B CN114497763 B CN 114497763B CN 202210004044 A CN202210004044 A CN 202210004044A CN 114497763 B CN114497763 B CN 114497763B
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- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Sb] GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 lithium halide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/38—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/399—Cells with molten salts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of liquid metal batteries, and relates to a movable interface stabilizing device of a liquid metal battery, wherein the device is composed of conductive or non-conductive materials and is one or more suspendable monomers; the device is suspended at a first interface between the anode (4) and the electrolyte (3) and/or at a second interface between the electrolyte (3) and the cathode (2) of the liquid metal cell. The device enhances the stability of the interface of the liquid metal battery, avoids the battery performance change caused by internal limit region division, is beneficial to reducing solid-phase refractory intermetallic compounds possibly generated in the battery charging and discharging process, and increases the reliability of the liquid metal battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrochemical energy storage batteries, and particularly relates to a movable interface stabilizing device of a liquid metal battery and the liquid metal battery.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the consumption of fossil energy increases year by year, resulting in global warming and deterioration of ecological environment. In 2004, clean energy typified by solar energy, wind energy, and the like has been rapidly developed, but the clean energy is greatly affected by day and night, seasons, weather, and the like, power generation is unstable, and the established capacity is difficult to use effectively. Because of the large fluctuation, grid impact is caused, and effective grid connection is difficult. The large-scale energy storage can effectively consume renewable energy sources to generate electricity, so that the use efficiency and the network access reliability of wind power, solar power generation and the like are improved to a great extent. Liquid metal batteries were developed in the century ago with the development of high purity electrolytic aluminum, but have not received attention for a long time, and recently have re-entered the field of view of research and development personnel due to the rapid development of renewable energy sources.
There are many electrochemical energy storage solutions such as lithium ion batteries, flow batteries, etc., but they have inherent drawbacks such as the higher energy and power density of lithium ion batteries, but also the higher cost, making them unsuitable for use in connection between new energy sources and the power grid.
The 1Ah capacity battery is designed by the Ma province institute of technology (MIT), a battery container is used as a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode current collector is immersed into a negative electrode liquid metal electrode, and an insulating high-purity hot-pressing boron nitride sheath is adopted. Li-Pb-Sb batteries, which have high ionic conductivity and low melting point, combine a lithium negative electrode and a lithium halide electrolyte with antimony as the positive electrode, are attractive in cost performance, but the higher melting point of antimony (631 ℃) makes it necessary to use the battery at high temperatures, which in turn leads to corrosion and an increase in self-discharge rate. At a charge-discharge current density of 280mA cm-2, the Li-Pb-Sb cell obtained 98% coulombic efficiency and 67% voltage efficiency. Long-term battery cycle life testing requires the development of sealing techniques to prevent electrolyte evaporation and longer testing.
Chinese patent application CN109786862a discloses a square section liquid metal battery with a fluid instability suppressing grid device, which uses a fixed grid, the grid thickness is larger than the electrolyte thickness, so that the fluid instability can be suppressed, but the battery cannot move along with the movement of the interface when the battery works, only insulating materials can be used, and the internal division of the battery is caused, so that the electrical performance of the battery is reduced.
Chinese patent application CN108232336a discloses a liquid metal battery with an internal heating device and a method for preparing the same, and the interior of the battery is divided fixedly, so that only insulating materials can be used and the electrical performance of the battery is adversely affected.
Although the above-mentioned prior art has been successful in preparing a liquid metal battery and suppressing interface instability in the actual operation process, the above-mentioned prior art cannot cope with the up-and-down movement of the interface of the battery in real time when the battery is in operation, and only increases the thickness of the divided units, so that only insulating materials can be used and the performance of the battery is adversely affected. If the interface stabilization unit can move with the interface, a separator of smaller thickness can be used, which has less impact on the electrochemical performance of the battery while maintaining the stability of the interface and enhancing the reliability of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a movable interface stabilizing device for a liquid metal battery, which can maintain the stability of the interface, enhance the reliability of the battery, and reduce the influence of high-melting intermetallic compounds on the battery while not substantially affecting the electrical performance of the battery.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a liquid metal battery that includes a movable interface stabilizer.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a movable interface stabilizing device of a liquid metal battery is composed of conductive or non-conductive materials and is one or more suspendable monomers; the interface stabilization means 5 are suspended at a first interface between the anode 4 and the electrolyte 3 of the liquid metal cell and/or at a second interface between the electrolyte 3 and the cathode 2.
The density of the material of the interface stabilizer 5 suspended at the first interface is greater than the density of the electrolyte 3 and less than the density of the anode 4; the density of the material of the interface stabilizer 5 suspended at the second interface is greater than the density of the cathode 2 and less than the density of the electrolyte 3; such that the interface stabilizer 5 floats at the first interface and/or at the second interface and moves with the movement of the interfaces.
The material of the interface stabilizer 5 suspended at the first interface is different from the material of the interface stabilizer 5 suspended at the second interface.
The thickness of the portion of the interface stabilizer 5 suspended at the first interface within the electrolyte 3 is less than the thickness of the electrolyte 3; the thickness of the portion of the interface stabilizer 5 suspended at the second interface within the cathode 2 is less than the thickness of the cathode 2.
When the material of the interface stabilizer 5 is a conductor, the thickness of the portion of the interface stabilizer 5 located in the electrolyte 3 is 2/3 of the thickness of the electrolyte 3.
The interface stabilizer 5 is made of high-temperature resistant insulating material, transition metal, stainless steel or iron-based nickel-based alloy, and does not react or dissolve with the anode 4, the electrolyte 3 and the cathode 2; the high-temperature resistant insulating material comprises insulating ceramic, boron nitride, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide; the transition group metals include nickel, chromium, copper, tungsten, and molybdenum.
The melting point of the material of the interface stabilizer 5 is 50 ℃ or higher than the melting point of the highest melting point material among the anode 4, the electrolyte 3, and the cathode 2.
Preferably, the melting point of the material of the interface stabilizer 5 is 100 ℃ higher than the melting point of the highest melting point material among the anode 4, the electrolyte 3, and the cathode 2.
The interfacial stability means 5 adjusts the density by hollow or sandwich means.
The cross section area of the monomer of the interface stabilizing device 5 is uniform from top to bottom or gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the monomer is in a grid shape or a spiral shape; the cross section of the grid is round, square or triangular.
The lower end surface of the interface stabilizer 5 has a plurality of downward protrusions along the stacking direction of the battery electrode and the electrolyte.
Preferably, the protrusions are wedge-shaped.
The maximum cross-sectional area of the interface stabilizer 5 is smaller than the interface area.
When the interface stabilizer 5 is in a grid shape, the maximum distance between the outer wall of the interface stabilizer 5 and the inner wall of the battery is smaller than or equal to the grid gap.
A liquid metal battery having an interface stabilization device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the interface between the cathode and the electrolyte and the interface between the electrolyte and the anode of the liquid metal battery can move up and down along with the charge and discharge of the battery, and the interface can fluctuate under the conditions of a thermal field, an electric field, a magnetic field, external vibration and the like to cause the short circuit and the failure of the battery. Aiming at the defects that the size of a stabilizing device is increased to cope with the movement of a battery interface and cause adverse effects on the electrical performance of the battery due to the adoption of a fixed interface stabilizing device in the current liquid metal battery, the invention provides a mode of suspending by using density difference, so that the interface stabilizing device moves along with the movement of the interface, the stability of the interface is maintained, the reliability of the battery is enhanced and the influence of high-melting-point intermetallic compounds on the battery is reduced while the electrical performance of the battery is basically not influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid metal cell with a movable interfacial stability device in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circular grid-like interface stabilization device of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a helical interfacial stability device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an interface stabilization device with a wedge-shaped tip according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the circular grid-like interface stabilizer and the inner wall of the battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1 inert gas
2 cathode
3 electrolyte
4 anode
5 interface stabilizing device
a maximum distance between the outer wall of the interface stabilizing device and the inner wall of the battery
b minimum distance of outer wall of interface stabilizer from inner wall of battery
d grid gap
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a liquid metal battery with a movable interface stabilizer includes an inert gas 1, a cathode 2, an electrolyte 3, an anode 4, and an interface stabilizer 5.
The interface stabilizer 5 is composed of a conductive or non-conductive material, the interface stabilizer 5 being suspended at a first interface between the anode 4 and the electrolyte 3 and/or at a second interface between the electrolyte 3 and the cathode 2 of the liquid metal cell.
The density of the material of the interface stabilizer 5 suspended at the first interface is intermediate between the densities of the two substances constituting said first interface; the density of the material of the interface stabilizer 5 suspended at the second interface is between the densities of the two substances constituting said second interface.
The interface stabilizer 5 may be in a grid shape, a spiral shape, or the like according to the shape of the liquid metal battery and the flow rule of the internal substances; the interface stabilizer 5 floats at the first and second interfaces and moves with the movement of the interfaces. The thickness of the portion of the interface stabilizer 5 suspended at the first interface within the electrolyte 3 is less than the thickness of the electrolyte 3; the thickness of the portion of the interface stabilizer 5 suspended at the second interface within the cathode 2 is less than the thickness of the cathode 2. The interfaces are different, and the materials of the interface stabilizing device 5 are also different.
A liquid metal battery interface stabilizer, wherein when the material of the interface stabilizer 5 is a conductor, the thickness of the part of the interface stabilizer 5 located in the electrolyte 3 is less than 1/3 of the thickness of the electrolyte 3. The interface stabilizer 5 is made of high-temperature resistant insulating material, transition metal, stainless steel or iron-based nickel-based alloy, and does not react or dissolve with the anode 4, the electrolyte 3 and the cathode 2; the high-temperature resistant insulating material comprises insulating ceramic, boron nitride, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide; the transition group metals include nickel, chromium, copper, tungsten, and molybdenum. The melting point of the material is higher than the melting points of the anode 4, the electrolyte 3, and the cathode 2, and preferably higher than 100 ℃. The density of the material of the interface stabilizer 5 is between the densities of the two substances constituting the interface, so as to be able to float at the interface and move with the up and down movement of the interface. The density of the interfacial stability means 5 may be adjusted by hollow or sandwich means to suspend the interfacial stability means 5 at the interface.
The interface stabilizer 5 may have a grid shape, a spiral shape, or the like, and may be changed according to the area of the interface and the state of the flow of the internal material.
The lower end surface of the interfacial stability device 5 has a plurality of downward protrusions along the stacking direction of the battery electrode and the electrolyte 3, and preferably, the protrusions are wedge-shaped, i.e., the portion connected to the interfacial stability device 5 is thicker and the lower end is pointed.
As shown in fig. 5, the maximum cross-sectional area of the interfacial stability device 5 is smaller than the interfacial area. In fig. 5, a is the maximum distance between the outer wall of the interface stabilizer 5 and the inner wall of the battery, b is the minimum distance between the outer wall of the interface stabilizer and the inner wall of the battery, and d is the grid gap, i.e., the diameter. Wherein, the maximum distance a of the outer wall of the interface stabilizing device from the inner wall of the battery is smaller than or equal to the grid gap d.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 2, the interface stabilizing device for liquid metal battery of the present invention is made of insulating ceramics in a cylindrical shape and connected in parallel with each other, and has a cross-sectional area of 78.5cm according to the liquid metal battery 2 The ceramic cylinders are connected in parallel to form 64cm 2 Is a part of the area of the substrate. The anode of the battery adopts tin-antimony alloy, and the electrolyte is LiF: liCl: libr=1: 1:1 as electrolyte, the cathode is lithium metal embedded into foam nickel; the insulating ceramic is partially immersed in the anode and partially remains in the electrolyte. The insulating ceramic moves up and down as the battery charges and discharges.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, a liquid metal battery interface stabilizer of the present invention is bent in a spiral shape from hollow 306 stainless steel. The anode of the battery adopts tin-antimony alloy, and the electrolyte is LiF: liCl: libr=1: 1:1 as electrolyte, and the cathode is lithium metal; the helical hollow 306 stainless steel is partially immersed in the electrolyte and partially left in the cathode lithium, which effectively enhances the stability of the interface.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 4, in the liquid metal battery interface stabilizing device of the present invention, the upper part is made of insulating ceramic into a parallel cylindrical shape, the lower part is shaped like a wedge, the wedge is immersed in the anode, and the cylindrical part is positioned at the interface of the anode and the electrolyte. The anode of the battery adopts tin-antimony alloy, and the electrolyte is LiF: liCl: libr=1: 1:1 as electrolyte, and the cathode is lithium metal embedded into foam nickel. The battery effectively enhances the stability of the interface.
While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Indeed, the novel embodiments described herein may be modified in any other form; further, various omissions, substitutions, and changes in the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the inventions, and the appended claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as fall within the scope and spirit of the inventions.
Claims (13)
1. A mobile interface stabilization device for a liquid metal battery, characterized in that the interface stabilization device (5) is composed of an electrically conductive or non-conductive material, being one or more suspendable monomers; the interface stabilization device (5) is suspended at a first interface between the anode (4) and the electrolyte (3) of the liquid metal cell and/or at a second interface between the electrolyte (3) and the cathode (2);
the density of the material of the interface stabilizer (5) suspended at the first interface is greater than the density of the electrolyte (3) and less than the density of the anode (4); the density of the material of the interface stabilizer (5) suspended at the second interface is greater than the density of the cathode (2) and less than the density of the electrolyte (3); so that the interface stabilization device (5) floats at the first interface and/or at the second interface and moves with the movement of the interfaces;
the cross section area of the monomer is uniform from top to bottom or gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the monomer is in a grid shape or a spiral shape; the cross section of the grid is round, square or triangular.
2. The mobile interface stabilizer for a liquid metal battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the interface stabilizer (5) suspended at the first interface is different from the material of the interface stabilizer (5) suspended at the second interface.
3. The mobile interface stabilizer for liquid metal batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the portion of interface stabilizer (5) suspended at the first interface within the electrolyte (3) is smaller than the thickness of the electrolyte (3); the thickness of the portion of the interface stabilizer (5) suspended at the second interface within the cathode (2) is less than the thickness of the cathode (2).
4. The movable interface stabilizer for liquid metal batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that when the material of the interface stabilizer (5) is a conductor, the thickness of the part of the interface stabilizer (5) located in the electrolyte (3) is 2/3 of the thickness of the electrolyte (3).
5. The movable interface stabilization device of a liquid metal battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the interface stabilization device (5) is a high temperature resistant insulating material, a transition metal, stainless steel or iron-based, nickel-based alloy, which does not react and dissolve with the anode (4), the electrolyte (3), the cathode (2); the high-temperature resistant insulating material comprises insulating ceramic, boron nitride, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide; the transition group metals include nickel, chromium, copper, tungsten, and molybdenum.
6. The movable interface stabilizer for liquid metal cells according to claim 1, characterized in that the melting point of the material of the interface stabilizer (5) is higher than the melting point of the highest melting point material of the anode (4), the electrolyte (3) and the cathode (2) by more than 50 ℃.
7. The movable interface stabilizer for liquid metal batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that the melting point of the material of the interface stabilizer (5) is 100 ℃ higher than the melting point of the highest melting point material of the anode (4), the electrolyte (3) and the cathode (2).
8. The mobile interface stabilizer for liquid metal batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that the interface stabilizer (5) adjusts the density by means of hollow or sandwich measures.
9. The movable interface stabilizer for liquid metal batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end surface of the interface stabilizer (5) has a plurality of downward protrusions along the stacking direction of the battery electrode and the electrolyte.
10. The liquid metal cell mobile interface stabilization device of claim 9, wherein the protrusion is wedge-shaped.
11. The mobile interface stabilizer for liquid metal batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that the maximum cross-sectional area of the interface stabilizer (5) is smaller than the interface area.
12. The movable interface stabilizer for liquid metal batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that when the interface stabilizer (5) is grid-shaped, the maximum distance of the outer wall of the interface stabilizer (5) from the inner wall of the battery is smaller than or equal to the grid gap.
13. A liquid metal battery having an interface stabilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210004044.6A CN114497763B (en) | 2022-01-05 | 2022-01-05 | Movable interface stabilizing device of liquid metal battery and liquid metal battery |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210004044.6A CN114497763B (en) | 2022-01-05 | 2022-01-05 | Movable interface stabilizing device of liquid metal battery and liquid metal battery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114497763A CN114497763A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
| CN114497763B true CN114497763B (en) | 2024-02-09 |
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| CN108232336A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of liquid metal cell with inner heating device and preparation method thereof |
| KR101950096B1 (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2019-02-19 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | Lithium secondary battery comprising solid electrolyte interphase layer |
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