CN114483838A - Brake band-type brake clearance detection system and method - Google Patents
Brake band-type brake clearance detection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114483838A CN114483838A CN202011156017.8A CN202011156017A CN114483838A CN 114483838 A CN114483838 A CN 114483838A CN 202011156017 A CN202011156017 A CN 202011156017A CN 114483838 A CN114483838 A CN 114483838A
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- braked body
- vibration acceleration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
- B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
- B66D5/06—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with radial effect
- B66D5/08—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with radial effect embodying blocks or shoes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D49/00—Brakes with a braking member co-operating with the periphery of a drum, wheel-rim, or the like
- F16D49/16—Brakes with two brake-blocks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
- F16D2066/006—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature without direct measurement of the quantity monitored, e.g. wear or temperature calculated form force and duration of braking
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Abstract
The invention discloses a brake band-type gap detection system.N brakes are arranged around a braked body; the brake fixing part is fixedly connected with the fixed part of the braked body; the brake movable part is used for pushing the brake friction part to the braked body movable part; when the brake is in the contracting brake state, the brake movable part moves towards the braked body movable part to enable the brake friction part to be attached to the braking surface of the braked body movable part; when the brake is released, the brake movable part moves away from the braked body movable part to enable the brake friction part and the braked surface of the braked body movable part to form a brake-contracting gap; the distance between the sensor and each brake is equal, and the sensor is used for detecting a noise signal at the part of the braked body or a vibration acceleration signal on a fixed part of the braked body; when the peak value of the signal detected by the sensor is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, the controller outputs a brake band-type gap oversize signal. The invention only uses a single sensor to detect whether the band-type brake gaps of all brakes of a braked body are too large, and the cost is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an elevator technology, in particular to a brake band-type brake clearance detection system and a brake band-type brake clearance detection method.
Background
The brake is one of the most important parts of an elevator, having the function of keeping the elevator stationary and emergency braking. The brake failure can cause the accidents of top rushing, falling, shearing and the like of the lift car which seriously harm the life safety of passengers. Therefore, at least two groups of brake mechanical components are arranged on one elevator driving main machine, so that enough braking force is still provided for braking the elevator driving main machine when one group of mechanical components fails.
For a traction type host machine, the band-type brake clearance between a brake friction part and a brake wheel or a brake disc of the host machine is generally small, so that the stroke of band-type brake action is short, and the reliability of the band-type brake is greatly influenced by the band-type brake clearance. When the band-type brake clearance is too small, the friction part of the brake can rub with a brake wheel or a brake disc of a main engine for a long time, so that the friction part of the brake is seriously abraded, and the braking force is reduced. When the band-type brake clearance is too large, the spring force pressing the brake friction part on a brake wheel or a brake disc of the main machine is reduced, the braking force is correspondingly reduced, the stroke of the brake friction part is increased, the band-type brake delay time is increased, and the braking distance is increased during emergency braking; larger band-type brake gaps can also generate larger band-type brake noises, and the life of the top-layer householder is influenced. Therefore, the brake band gap needs to be checked regularly.
At present, a feeler gauge is generally used for measuring the brake band-type gap, but the method needs manual operation, has low automation degree and longer measuring interval time. There are also solutions for directly measuring the band-type brake clearance by using devices such as an eddy current sensor and an optical sensor, but these methods need to change the structure of the brake, and each group of brake mechanical parts needs to be separately configured with the sensor, which is relatively high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that whether the band-type brake gaps of all brakes of a braked body are too large is detected by only using a single sensor, so that the cost is lower.
In order to solve the technical problem, the brake band-type gap detection system provided by the invention comprises a controller, a sensor and N brakes 7, wherein N is a positive integer;
the braked body 6 includes a braked body fixing part 61 and a braked body movable part 62;
the braked body movable part 62 rotates around its axis with respect to the braked body fixed part 61;
the brake 7 includes a brake fixing portion 71, a brake movable portion 72, and a brake friction portion 73;
the N brakes are arranged around the braked body 6;
the brake fixing part 71 is fixedly connected with the braked body fixing part 61;
a brake movable portion 72 for pressing a brake friction portion 73 against the braked body movable portion 62;
a brake friction portion 73 for braking the braked body movable portion 62;
the brake 7, in the contracting brake state, the brake movable part 72 moves to the braked body movable part 62 to make the brake friction part 73 stick to the braking surface of the braked body movable part 62, and the braked body movable part 62 decelerates or keeps still under the action of the brake friction part 73; when in the brake releasing state, the brake movable part 72 moves away from the braked body movable part 62, so that the brake friction part 73 and the braking surface of the braked body movable part 62 form a brake-contracting gap delta X;
the sensors are equal in distance from each brake and are used for detecting a noise signal at the braked body 6 or a vibration acceleration signal on the braked body fixing part 61;
and when the peak value of the noise signal or the vibration acceleration signal detected by the sensor is greater than the upper limit set threshold value, the controller outputs a brake band-type gap oversize signal.
Preferably, N is 2 or 3.
Preferably, the braked body 6 is an elevator hoisting machine.
Preferably, the sensor is a microphone 21 for detecting a noise signal at the braked body 6.
Preferably, the sensor is an acceleration sensor 22 fixed to the braking object fixing part 61, and configured to detect a vibration acceleration signal on the braking object fixing part 61.
Preferably, the brake 7 includes a brake fixing portion 71, a brake moving portion 72, a brake friction portion 73 and a brake elastic member 74;
a brake friction portion 73 is fixed to the brake movable portion 72 near the braked body movable portion 62 end;
the brake movable part 72 is connected with the brake fixing part 71 through the brake elastic element 74 at the end far away from the brake body movable part 62;
the brake 7 is configured such that, in the contracting brake state, the brake elastic element 74 is released to move the brake movable portion 72 away from the brake fixing portion 71 toward the braking object movable portion 62, and the brake friction portion 73 is brought into contact with the braking surface of the braking object movable portion 62; in the released state, the brake movable portion 72 moves away from the braking object movable portion 62 toward the brake fixing portion 71, so that the brake friction portion 73 forms a band gap Δ X with the braking surface of the braking object movable portion 62, and the brake elastic element 74 is compressed.
Preferably, the brake movable portion 72 moves away from the braked body movable portion 62 in the energized state to compress the brake elastic member 74 to contact the brake fixing portion 71, and the brake 7 enters the released state; in the power-off state, the brake friction portion 73 is pressed against the braking surface of the braking object movable portion 62 by the movement toward the braking object movable portion 62 by the elastic force of the brake elastic element 74, and the brake 7 is brought into the contracting brake state.
Preferably, the band-type brake clearance of the brake 7 is adjusted in the actual working environment of the braked body 6 to enable the band-type brake clearance to meet the design requirement, then band-type brake noise or the vibration acceleration of the fixed part 61 of the braked body during band-type brake is measured, the measured value is used as a reference, and the measured value is expanded according to a specific algorithm to obtain a noise upper limit setting threshold or a vibration acceleration upper limit setting threshold; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and obtaining a noise upper limit setting threshold or a vibration acceleration upper limit setting threshold according to a simulation test.
Preferably, the specific algorithm is to multiply the measured value by a coefficient K as a reference.
Preferably, the controller includes a control unit 11, a storage unit 13, an arithmetic unit 14, and a monitoring unit 15;
the storage part 13 is used for storing test data and setting a threshold value;
the control part 11 controls the sensor to detect the noise signal of the braked body 6 or the vibration acceleration signal of the braked body fixing part 61 according to the state of the braked body 6;
the calculation unit 14 extracts a noise peak value or a vibration acceleration peak value of the brake 7 in the contracting brake state from the test data of the sensor;
the monitoring part 15 compares the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value of the brake 7 in the brake state with a set threshold value, and if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value exceeds the upper limit set threshold value, the monitoring part judges that the brake gap of the brake is too large and outputs a brake gap too large signal.
In order to solve the technical problem, the brake band-type gap detection method of the brake band-type gap detection system provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
firstly, all brakes 7 are in a brake state;
secondly, the controller controls one brake 7 to release the brake for a first set time, and then the brake is released; the sensor detects a noise signal at the braked body 6 or a vibration acceleration signal on the braked body fixing part 61;
the controller extracts a noise peak value or a vibration acceleration peak value of the brake 7 in a contracting brake state from a noise signal or a vibration acceleration signal detected by the sensor;
and if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, the controller outputs a signal that the brake band-type gap is too large.
Preferably, in the fourth step, if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value is smaller than the lower limit set threshold value, outputting a brake band-type gap undersize signal of the brake, wherein the lower limit set threshold value is smaller than the upper limit set threshold value; and if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value is between the lower limit set threshold value and the upper limit set threshold value, outputting the brake clearance normal signal.
Preferably, the first set time is greater than 2 seconds and less than 100 seconds.
Preferably, in the second step, one of the brakes 7 is released and then released again for a plurality of times;
in the third step, the controller extracts the mean value or median of the noise peak value or the mean value or median of the vibration acceleration peak value when the brake 7 is in the brake-holding state from the noise signal or the vibration acceleration signal detected by the sensor in the processes of multiple brake-releasing and brake-holding actions;
and in the fourth step, if the mean value or median of the noise peak value or the mean value or median of the vibration acceleration peak value is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, outputting a signal that the brake band-type gap is too large.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides another brake band-type gap detection method of the brake band-type gap detection system, which comprises the following steps:
releasing all the brakes 7 to start the movement of the braked body movable part 62;
secondly, the movable part 62 of the braked body is subjected to acceleration, uniform speed and deceleration processes;
the controller judges that the brake is about to be carried out when the rotating speed of the braking object movable part 62 of the braking object 6 is less than the set rotating speed, and controls the sensor to start detecting the noise signal at the braking object 6 or the vibration acceleration signal on the braking object fixing part 61;
the controller sends out a brake signal to control the brakes 7 to brake;
the controller controls the sensor to stop detecting after sending the brake signal and delaying for a second set time;
the controller extracts a noise peak value or a vibration acceleration peak value from detection data of the sensor;
and (seventhly), if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, the controller outputs a signal that the brake band-type gap exists and is too large.
Preferably, the steps (one) to (six) are repeated for multiple times, the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value of the multiple braking processes is collected, the average or the median of the noise peak value or the median of the vibration acceleration peak value of the multiple braking processes is obtained, in the step (seven), the average or the median of the noise peak value or the median of the vibration acceleration peak value is compared with the upper limit set threshold value, whether the average or the median of the noise peak value or the median of the vibration acceleration peak value is larger than the upper limit set threshold value or not is judged, and if the average or the median of the noise peak value or the median of the vibration acceleration peak value is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, the controller outputs a signal indicating that the brake band gap is too large.
According to the brake band-type gap detection system and method, the size of the band-type gap of the brake 7 is related to the peak value of vibration or noise generated during band-type brake, and the larger the gap is, the larger the peak value of vibration or noise is. The relative size of the band-type brake gap can be obtained by measuring the vibration or noise peak value of the band-type brake process and comparing the measured vibration or noise peak value with a set threshold value, so that the purpose of detecting the band-type brake gap is achieved. The distance between the sensor and each brake is equal, and the amplitude of noise or vibration acceleration measured by the sensor when each brake 7 is individually braked is basically consistent, so that whether the brake clearance of all the brakes 7 of a braked body is overlarge can be detected by using only a single sensor. The sensor can adopt a sensor with more mature technology, such as the microphone 21 or the acceleration sensor 22, and the overall cost is lower.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the present invention are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a brake in an open state according to an embodiment of the brake clearance detecting system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a brake in a brake state according to an embodiment of the brake clearance detection system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of noise or vibration acceleration data of a brake during multiple brake release and brake holding processes measured when a braked body is in a static state;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a brake band gap detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graphical representation of noise data measured throughout the motion of a braked body;
FIG. 6 is a graphical representation of vibration acceleration data measured throughout the motion of the body being braked;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of another embodiment of a brake band-type gap detection method according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
6 a braked body; 61 a braked body fixing part; 62 a braked body movable part; 7, a brake; 71 a brake fixing portion; 72 a brake movable part; 73 a brake friction portion; 74 a brake spring element; 21 a microphone; 22 an acceleration sensor; 11 a control unit; 13 a storage section; 14 a calculation unit; 15 a monitoring section.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the brake band-type gap detection system includes a controller, a sensor and N brakes 7, where N is a positive integer;
the braked body 6 includes a braked body fixing part 61 and a braked body movable part 62;
the braked body movable part 62 rotates around its axis with respect to the braked body fixed part 61;
the brake 7 includes a brake fixing portion 71, a brake moving portion 72, and a brake friction portion 73;
the N brakes are arranged around the braked body 6 and are used for braking the braked body 6;
the brake fixing part 71 is fixedly connected with the braked body fixing part 61 and used for fixing the brake 7;
a brake movable portion 72 for pressing a brake friction portion 73 against the braked body movable portion 62;
a brake friction portion 73 for braking the braked body movable portion 62;
the brake 7, in the contracting brake state, the brake movable part 72 moves to the braked body movable part 62 to make the brake friction part 73 stick to the braking surface of the braked body movable part 62, and the braked body movable part 62 decelerates or keeps still under the action of the brake friction part 73; when in the brake releasing state, the brake movable part 72 moves away from the braked body movable part 62, so that the brake friction part 73 and the braking surface of the braked body movable part 62 form a brake-contracting gap delta X;
the sensors are equal in distance from each brake and are used for detecting a noise signal at the braked body 6 or a vibration acceleration signal on the braked body fixing part 61;
and when the peak value of the noise signal or the vibration acceleration signal detected by the sensor is greater than the upper limit set threshold value, the controller outputs a brake band-type gap oversize signal.
Preferably, N is 2 or 3.
Preferably, the braked body 6 is an elevator hoisting machine.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the sensor is a microphone 21 for detecting a noise signal at the braked body 6.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the sensor is an acceleration sensor 22 fixed to the braking object fixing part 61 for detecting a vibration acceleration signal on the braking object fixing part 61.
The upper limit setting threshold may be obtained by:
1) adjusting the band-type brake clearance of the brake 7 in the actual working environment of the braked body 6 to enable the band-type brake clearance to meet the design requirement, measuring band-type brake noise during band-type brake or the vibration acceleration of a fixed part 61 of the braked body, taking the measured value as a reference, and expanding the measured value according to a specific algorithm (for example, multiplying the measured value by a coefficient K, wherein K is 1-1.5) to obtain a noise upper limit setting threshold or a vibration acceleration upper limit setting threshold;
2) and obtaining a noise upper limit setting threshold or a vibration acceleration upper limit setting threshold according to a simulation test.
In the brake band-type gap detection system according to the first embodiment, the size of the band-type gap of the brake 7 is related to a vibration or noise peak value generated during band-type braking, and the larger the gap is, the larger the vibration or noise peak value is. The relative size of the band-type brake clearance can be obtained by measuring the vibration or noise peak value of the band-type brake process and comparing the measured vibration or noise peak value with a set threshold value, so that the purpose of detecting the band-type brake clearance is achieved. The distance between the sensor and each brake is equal, and the amplitude of noise or vibration acceleration measured by the sensor when each brake 7 is individually braked is basically consistent, so that whether the brake clearance of all the brakes 7 of a braked body is overlarge can be detected by using only a single sensor. The sensor can adopt a sensor with more mature technology, such as the microphone 21 or the acceleration sensor 22, and the overall cost is lower.
Example two
According to an embodiment of a brake band-type gap detecting system, the brake 7 includes a brake fixing portion 71, a brake moving portion 72, a brake friction portion 73 and a brake elastic element 74;
a brake friction part 73 is fixed to the brake movable part 72 near the end of the braked body movable part 62;
the brake movable part 72 is connected with the brake fixing part 71 through the brake elastic element 74 at the end far away from the brake body movable part 62;
the brake 7 is configured such that, in the contracting brake state, the brake elastic element 74 is released to move the brake movable portion 72 away from the brake fixing portion 71 toward the braking object movable portion 62, and the brake friction portion 73 is brought into contact with the braking surface of the braking object movable portion 62; in the released state, the brake movable portion 72 moves away from the braking object movable portion 62 toward the brake fixing portion 71, so that the brake friction portion 73 forms a band gap Δ X with the braking surface of the braking object movable portion 62, and the brake elastic element 74 is compressed.
Preferably, the brake movable portion 72 moves away from the braked body movable portion 62 in the energized state to compress the brake elastic element 74 and contacts the brake fixing portion 71, so that the brake 7 enters the released state; in the power-off state, the brake friction member 73 is pressed against the braking surface of the movable member 62 to be braked by the movement of the movable member 62 to be braked due to the elastic force of the brake elastic member 74, and the friction force generated by the pressing causes the movable member 62 to be braked while being in a stationary state or in a moving state to be rapidly braked, thereby bringing the brake 7 into an contracting state.
EXAMPLE III
According to an embodiment of a brake band-type brake gap detection system, the controller comprises a control part 11, a storage part 13, a calculation part 14 and a monitoring part 15;
the storage part 13 is used for storing test data and setting threshold values;
the control part 11 controls the sensor to detect the noise signal of the braked body 6 or the vibration acceleration signal of the braked body fixing part 61 according to the state of the braked body 6;
the computation unit 14 extracts a noise peak value or a vibration acceleration peak value of the brake 7 in the contracting brake state from the test data of the sensor;
the monitoring part 15 compares the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value of the brake 7 in the brake state with a set threshold value, and if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value exceeds the upper limit set threshold value, the monitoring part judges that the brake gap of the brake is too large and outputs a brake gap too large signal.
Example four
A brake band-type gap detection method of a brake band-type gap detection system according to a first embodiment is shown in fig. 4, and includes the following steps:
firstly, all brakes 7 are in a brake state;
secondly, the controller controls one brake 7 to release the brake for a first set time, and then the brake is released; the sensor detects a noise signal at the braked body 6 or a vibration acceleration signal on the braked body fixing part 61;
the controller extracts a noise peak value or a vibration acceleration peak value of the brake 7 in a contracting brake state from a noise signal or a vibration acceleration signal detected by the sensor;
and if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, the controller outputs a signal that the brake band-type gap is too large.
Preferably, in the fourth step, if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value is smaller than the lower limit set threshold value, outputting a brake band-type gap undersize signal of the brake, wherein the lower limit set threshold value is smaller than the upper limit set threshold value; and if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value is between the lower limit set threshold value and the upper limit set threshold value, outputting the brake clearance normal signal.
Preferably, the first set time is greater than 2 seconds and less than 100 seconds.
When the braked body movable portion 62 is not required to operate, all the brakes 7 are in the contracting brake state to hold the braked body movable portion 62 in the stationary state. At this time, the corollary equipment associated with the braked body 7 is also in an idle state, and the noise and vibration in the environment are small, so that the interference of accidental factors can be eliminated conveniently.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the noise and vibration impact of the brake 7 are significantly higher than those of the brake release, so that the extracted peaks are generated during the brake release process, and there is no need to worry about the influence of the noise and vibration impact during the brake release process.
The brake band-type gap detection method of the fourth embodiment is suitable for the idle period of the braked body 6, and the braked body 6 is in the working condition of a static state. When all the brakes 7 are in the contracting brake state, one brake 7 is released and continues for a first set time, then the brake is released, the rest brakes 7 keep the contracting brake state to maintain the static state of the movable part 62 of the braked body, the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value detected by the sensor is compared with the upper limit set threshold value, if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value exceeds the upper limit set threshold value, the contracting brake gap is judged to be too large, a signal indicating that the contracting brake gap is too large can be output, and a maintenance worker is reminded to maintain the brake 7. The brake releasing and contracting operations of each brake are sequentially carried out, so that whether the contracting brake gaps of all the brakes are too large can be detected.
EXAMPLE five
Based on the method for detecting the band-type brake clearance of the four brakes in the embodiment, in the second step, one brake 7 is subjected to multiple brake release and then band-type brake actions;
in the third step, the controller extracts the mean value or median of the noise peak value or mean value or median of the vibration acceleration peak value in the brake 7 state from the noise signal or vibration acceleration signal detected by the sensor in the process of multiple brake release and brake re-locking actions;
and in the fourth step, if the mean value or median of the noise peak value or the mean value or median of the vibration acceleration peak value is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, outputting a signal that the brake band-type gap is too large.
The brake band-type gap detection method of the fifth embodiment extracts noise peak values or vibration acceleration peak values of multiple band-type brake actions, and obtains an average or median of the obtained multiple peak values as a peak value for judgment, so that the detection data of the sensor can be prevented from being influenced by external accidental factors.
EXAMPLE six
A brake band-type gap detection method of a brake band-type gap detection system according to a first embodiment is shown in fig. 7, and includes the following steps:
releasing all the brakes 7 to start the movement of the braked body movable part 62;
secondly, the movable part 62 of the braked body is subjected to acceleration, uniform speed and deceleration processes;
the controller judges that the brake is about to be carried out when the rotating speed of the braking object movable part 62 of the braking object 6 is less than the set rotating speed, and controls the sensor to start detecting the noise signal at the braking object 6 or the vibration acceleration signal on the braking object fixing part 61;
the controller sends out a brake signal to control the brakes 7 to brake;
the controller controls the sensor to stop detecting after the brake signal is sent and the second set time Δ T is delayed (the speed of the brake object movable part 62 is reduced to zero);
the controller extracts a noise peak value or a vibration acceleration peak value from detection data of the sensor;
and (seventhly), if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, the controller outputs a signal that the brake band-type gap exists and is too large.
Because the test data is possibly influenced by external accidental factors, the steps (one) to (six) can be repeated for multiple times, noise peak values or vibration acceleration peak values of multiple braking processes are collected, the average number or the median of the noise peak values or the median of the vibration acceleration peak values collected for multiple braking processes are obtained, in the step (seven), the average number or the median of the noise peak values or the median of the vibration acceleration peak values is compared with the upper limit set threshold value, whether the average number or the median of the noise peak values or the median of the vibration acceleration peak values is larger than the upper limit set threshold value or not is judged, and the controller outputs a signal that the brake band gap is too large.
The noise data measured by the sensor during the whole movement of the braked body 6 is shown in fig. 5, and the vibration acceleration data measured by the sensor is shown in fig. 6. When the braked body 6 needs to operate, all the brakes 7 are released at the same time, the braked body movable part 62 completes the motion process of acceleration, uniform speed and deceleration, and all the brakes 7 are clamped together after the braked body movable part 62 enters the deceleration process. As is clear from fig. 5 and 6, noise and vibration shock at the time of contracting the brake have a significant peak. When the band-type brake gap is too large, the peak value may even become a maximum value of noise and vibration acceleration of the braked body 6 during the whole movement process.
The brake band-type gap detection method of the sixth embodiment is suitable for the working condition that the operation of the braked body is close to the end.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A brake band-type brake clearance detection system is characterized by comprising a controller, a sensor and N brakes (7), wherein N is a positive integer;
the braked body (6) comprises a braked body fixing part (61) and a braked body movable part (62);
the braked body movable part (62) rotates around the axis relative to the braked body fixed part (61);
the brake (7) comprises a brake fixing part (71), a brake moving part (72) and a brake friction part (73);
the N brakes are arranged around the braked body (6);
the brake fixing part (71) is fixedly connected with the fixed part (61) of the braked body;
a brake movable section (72) for pressing a brake friction section (73) against the braked body movable section (62);
a brake friction unit (73) for braking the brake-object movable unit (62);
the brake (7) has a brake movable part (72) moving towards the braked body movable part (62) when in an internal contracting brake state, so that a brake friction part (73) is attached to the braking surface of the braked body movable part (62), and the braked body movable part (62) decelerates or keeps static under the action of the brake friction part (73); when in a brake releasing state, the brake movable part (72) moves away from the braked body movable part (62) to enable the brake friction part (73) and the braking surface of the braked body movable part (62) to form an internal contracting brake gap delta X;
the sensors are equal in distance from each brake and used for detecting a noise signal at the part of the braked body (6) or a vibration acceleration signal on the fixed part (61) of the braked body;
and when the peak value of the noise signal or the vibration acceleration signal detected by the sensor is greater than the upper limit set threshold value, the controller outputs a brake band-type gap oversize signal.
2. The brake band gap detection system according to claim 1,
n is 2 or 3.
3. The brake band gap detection system according to claim 1,
the braked body (6) is an elevator tractor.
4. The brake band gap detection system according to claim 1,
the sensor is a microphone (21) for detecting a noise signal at the braked body (6).
5. The brake band gap detection system according to claim 1,
the sensor is an acceleration sensor (22), is fixed on the fixed part (61) of the braked body and is used for detecting a vibration acceleration signal on the fixed part (61) of the braked body.
6. The brake band gap detection system according to claim 1,
the brake (7) comprises a brake fixing part (71), a brake moving part (72), a brake friction part (73) and a brake elastic element (74);
a brake friction part (73) is fixed on the brake movable part (72) near the end of the braked body movable part (62);
the end of the brake movable part (72) far away from the brake body movable part (62) is connected with the brake fixing part (71) through a brake elastic element (74);
the brake (7) is characterized in that when in an contracting brake state, the brake elastic element (74) is released, the brake movable part (72) is separated from the brake fixing part (71) and moves towards the braked body movable part (62), and the brake friction part (73) is attached to the braking surface of the braked body movable part (62); when the brake is released, the brake movable part (72) moves away from the braked body movable part (62) to the brake fixing part (71) to enable the brake friction part (73) and the braking surface of the braked body movable part (62) to form a brake contracting gap delta X, and the brake elastic element (74) is compressed.
7. The brake band gap detection system according to claim 6,
the brake movable part (72) moves away from the braked body movable part (62) in an electrified state to compress the brake elastic element (74) to contact with the brake fixing part (71), so that the brake (7) enters a brake release state; in the power-off state, the brake friction part (73) is pressed and attached to the braking surface of the brake body movable part (62) by the movement of the brake body movable part (62) due to the elastic force of the brake elastic element (74), and the brake (7) enters the contracting brake state.
8. The brake band gap detection system according to claim 6,
adjusting the band-type brake clearance of a brake (7) in the actual working environment of a braked body (6) to enable the band-type brake clearance to meet the design requirement, measuring band-type brake noise or the vibration acceleration of a fixed part (61) of the braked body during band-type brake, taking the measured value as a reference, and expanding the measured value according to a specific algorithm to obtain a noise upper limit setting threshold or a vibration acceleration upper limit setting threshold; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and obtaining a noise upper limit setting threshold or a vibration acceleration upper limit setting threshold according to a simulation test.
9. The brake band gap detection system according to claim 8,
the specific algorithm is to multiply the measured value by a coefficient K as a reference.
10. The brake band gap detection system according to claim 1,
the controller comprises a control part (11), a storage part (13), an operation part (14) and a monitoring part (15);
the storage part (13) is used for storing test data and setting a threshold value;
the control part (11) controls the sensor to detect a noise signal at the part of the braked body (6) or a vibration acceleration signal on the part (61) fixed on the braked body according to the state of the braked body (6);
the computing unit (14) extracts a noise peak value or a vibration acceleration peak value of the brake (7) in a brake state from test data of the sensor;
the monitoring part (15) compares the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value of the brake (7) in the brake state with a set threshold value, and if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value exceeds the upper limit set threshold value, the brake clearance is judged to be overlarge, and a brake clearance overlarge signal is output.
11. A brake band-gap detecting method of the brake band-gap detecting system according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
firstly, all brakes (7) are in a contracting brake state;
secondly, the controller controls one brake (7) to release the brake for a first set time, and then the brake is released; the sensor detects a noise signal at the part of the braked body (6) or a vibration acceleration signal on a fixed part (61) of the braked body;
the controller extracts a noise peak value or a vibration acceleration peak value of the brake (7) in a contracting brake state from a noise signal or a vibration acceleration signal detected by the sensor;
and if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, the controller outputs a signal that the brake band-type gap is too large.
12. The brake band gap detecting method according to claim 11,
in the fourth step, if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value is smaller than the lower limit set threshold value, outputting a brake band-type gap undersize signal of the brake, wherein the lower limit set threshold value is smaller than the upper limit set threshold value; and if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value is between the lower limit set threshold value and the upper limit set threshold value, outputting the brake clearance normal signal.
13. The brake band gap detecting method according to claim 11,
the first set time is more than 2 seconds and less than 100 seconds.
14. The brake band gap detecting method according to claim 11,
in the second step, one brake (7) is released and then is clamped for multiple times;
in the third step, the controller extracts the mean value or the median or the mean value or the median of the peak value of the vibration acceleration when the brake (7) is in the contracting state from the noise signal or the vibration acceleration signal detected by the sensor in the process of multiple brake releasing and contracting actions;
in the fourth step, if the mean value or median of the noise peak value or the mean value or median of the vibration acceleration peak value is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, outputting a signal that the brake band-type gap of the brake is too large.
15. A brake band-gap detecting method of the brake band-gap detecting system according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
releasing all brakes (7) to start the movement of the braked body movable part (62);
secondly, the movable part (62) of the braked body is subjected to acceleration, uniform speed and deceleration processes;
the controller judges that the brake is about to be carried out when the rotating speed of the braking object movable part (62) of the braking object (6) is lower than the set rotating speed, and controls the sensor to start detecting a noise signal at the braking object (6) or a vibration acceleration signal on the braking object fixing part (61);
the controller sends out a brake signal to control the brakes (7) to be braked;
the controller controls the sensor to stop detecting after sending the brake signal and delaying for a second set time;
the controller extracts a noise peak value or a vibration acceleration peak value from detection data of the sensor;
and (seventhly), if the noise peak value or the vibration acceleration peak value is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, the controller outputs a signal that the brake band-type gap exists and is too large.
16. The brake band gap detecting method according to claim 15,
and (seventhly), comparing the average number or the median of the noise peak values or the median of the vibration acceleration peak values or the median with an upper limit set threshold value, judging whether the average number or the median of the noise peak values or the median of the vibration acceleration peak values is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, and if the average number or the median of the noise peak values or the vibration acceleration peak values is larger than the upper limit set threshold value, outputting a signal indicating that the brake band-type gap is too large by the controller.
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