CN114478148A - Explosive multi-mechanism coupling type energetic electromagnetic damage cloud cluster and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Explosive multi-mechanism coupling type energetic electromagnetic damage cloud cluster and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114478148A CN114478148A CN202210020561.2A CN202210020561A CN114478148A CN 114478148 A CN114478148 A CN 114478148A CN 202210020561 A CN202210020561 A CN 202210020561A CN 114478148 A CN114478148 A CN 114478148A
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- mxene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
Abstract
The invention relates to a blasting multi-mechanism coupling type energetic electromagnetic damage cloud cluster and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of electromagnetic damage and energetic materials. Etching MAX phase with hydrofluoric acid to obtain layered MXene, then generating CoNi alloy particles on the surface of MXene in situ by adopting a hydrothermal method to form a CoNi-coated MXene magnetoelectric coupling type composite material, uniformly mixing the CoNi-coated MXene magnetoelectric coupling type composite material with graphite, aluminum powder, magnesium powder, tungsten powder and polytetrafluoroethylene in a ball milling mode, and then carrying out molding powder pressing on the obtained mixture and sintering to obtain the energetic powder column. The energetic explosive column can generate violent explosion and combustion reaction under high-speed impact, and release a large-range carbon-based electromagnetic interference smoke cloud cluster while generating ultrahigh energy, thereby realizing the comprehensive damage effect of integrating the hard damage of penetration and implosion and the soft damage of electromagnetic interference and communication interruption on a target.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic damage and the field of energetic materials, and relates to a blasting multi-mechanism coupling type energetic electromagnetic damage cloud cluster and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The standard configuration of the traditional army is strong firepower and power, and the modern army must put the electromagnetic attack and defense force into a standard configuration list. The application of electronic information technology will initiate a great revolution in the field of electromagnetic battles, and a new development stage of intelligent, bee-colony, smart and high-energy electronic countermeasure will be about to come. The advanced electromagnetic countermeasure technology is mastered, so that on one hand, the important targets of our party can be protected from being tracked and struck, on the other hand, the detection and communication of the important targets of the enemy can be effectively suppressed in the battle, and the survival capability and the overall operational efficiency of the weapon equipment of our army in the battlefield are improved.
The hard damage technology mainly based on energetic materials and the soft damage technology mainly based on electromagnetic pressing are the key research points for carrying out damage on various targets at home and abroad at present, and the attack means of the damage method on the maneuvering targets such as unmanned planes and unmanned plane swarms is similar to that of 'big cannon shooting mosquitoes', and has the huge defects of high cost, low hit rate, low cost effectiveness ratio and poor adaptability. Therefore, the vulnerability characteristic that the target network links are mutually communicated is taken as a breakthrough, a new concept cloud damage technology integrating a hard damage technology and a soft damage technology is developed, and the method has a far-reaching significance for determining the technological development situation of the current air defense system and making technical reserve and coping strategies for future wars in advance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to an explosion multi-mechanism coupling type energetic electromagnetic damage cloud cluster and a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The preparation method of the explosive multi-mechanism coupling type energetic electromagnetic damage cloud cluster comprises the following steps:
etching an aluminum layer in the MAX phase by using hydrofluoric acid, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain layered MXene;
step two, MXene and CoCl obtained in the step one2.6H2O、NiCl2.6H2O is evenly mixed in polyethylene glycol, then 5 to 10 percent of hydrazine hydrate is added and evenly stirred to obtain mixed solution;
step three, placing the mixed solution obtained in the step two in a high-pressure reaction kettle, reacting for 10-16 h at 150-190 ℃, washing for 3-5 times by using ethanol and deionized water, and drying at 60-80 ℃ to obtain the MXene loaded CoNi magnetoelectric coupling composite material;
step four, uniformly mixing the MXene loaded CoNi composite material obtained in the step three with graphite, aluminum powder, magnesium powder, tungsten powder and polytetrafluoroethylene through a ball mill to obtain a mixture, and performing pressing and sintering processes on the mixture to obtain an energy-containing composite grain;
the raw materials are mixed according to the following mass portions: 25-35 parts of MXene-loaded CoNi magnetoelectric coupling composite material, 5-10 parts of graphite, 10-15 parts of aluminum powder, 5-10 parts of magnesium powder, 5-10 parts of tungsten powder and 20-30 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene.
And fifthly, carrying out high-speed collision on the energetic composite grain obtained in the step four and a target through the propellant powder to generate explosion and combustion reaction and form an electromagnetic interference cloud cluster so as to realize comprehensive damage to the target.
Preferably, the MAX phase is Ti3AlC2、Ti2AlC or Ti3One or more AlCN(s) with the grain size less than or equal to 200 meshes; the concentration of the hydrofluoric acid is more than or equal to 40%, and the mass ratio of the hydrofluoric acid to the MAX phase is 5-10.
Preferably, the particle size of the graphite is less than or equal to 50 meshes; the magnesium powder, the aluminum powder and the tungsten powder are in micron order.
Preferably, the pressure intensity of the compression molding process is 10-40 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5-10 min; the sintering temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the sintering time is 2-4 h.
The energetic explosive column can generate violent explosion and combustion reaction under high-speed impact, and release a large-range carbon-based electromagnetic interference smoke cloud cluster while generating ultrahigh energy, thereby realizing the comprehensive damage effect of integrating the hard damage of penetration and implosion and the soft damage of electromagnetic interference and communication interruption on a target.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the energetic composite grain obtained by the invention has very high safety in the transportation and storage processes, instantly releases energy after high-speed collision with a target, generates violent explosion and combustion reaction, and realizes the hard damage effects of penetration, implosion and the like to the target; active substances such as MXene, CoNi and graphene with excellent wave-absorbing and electromagnetic shielding properties are covered in the air for a long time and in a large range through explosion and combustion reactions, communication is interrupted through electromagnetic interference on target communication signals to kill the warfare, and the electromagnetic cloud damage effect is realized.
(2) MXene and graphite adopted by the invention are multilayer materials with excellent conductivity, the good conductivity can greatly improve the dielectric loss of electromagnetic waves, and the multilayer structure is beneficial to multiple reflection and absorption attenuation of the electromagnetic waves among the materials; the transition metal CoNi has excellent magnetism, and is beneficial to the magnetic loss of electromagnetic waves; the conductive MXene and the magnetic CoNi have strong intermolecular acting force and therefore have good adhesion, and the compounding of the conductive MXene and the magnetic CoNi can effectively improve the impedance matching characteristic of the composite material and enhance the shielding efficiency of the electromagnetic interference cloud cluster.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a TEM picture of MXene loaded CoNi composite prepared based on example 1.
Figure 2 is a photograph of an energetic composite charge pressed based on example 2.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical aspects of the present invention will now be described in detail below in order to clearly understand the technical features of the present invention, but the present invention is not to be construed as limiting the implementable scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) 2g of Ti3AlC2Adding the mixture into 20mL of 49% hydrofluoric acid solution, stirring and reacting for 24h at room temperature to etch off Ti3AlC2Filtering, washing and drying the aluminum layer to obtain layered MXene;
(2) 5g of MXene and 0.1mol of CoCl2.6H2O、0.1mol NiCl2.6H2Uniformly mixing O in 50mL of polyethylene glycol, adding 2mL of hydrazine hydrate, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution, placing the mixed solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle, reacting for 12 hours at 170 ℃, washing with ethanol and deionized water, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the MXene-loaded CoNi magnetoelectric coupling composite material;
(3) mixing 10g of MXene-loaded CoNi composite material, 5g of graphite, 10g of aluminum powder, 8g of magnesium powder, 10g of tungsten powder and 20g of polytetrafluoroethylene uniformly by a ball mill to obtain a mixture, pressing the mixture under the pressure of 20MPa for 5min, and sintering at 500 ℃ for 2h to obtain an energy-containing composite grain;
(4) the obtained energetic composite explosive column is collided with a 3mm steel plate at an initial speed of 800m/s at a high speed through a propellant powder to generate explosion and combustion reaction and form an electromagnetic interference cloud cluster.
Fig. 1 is a TEM picture of MXene loaded CoNi composite prepared based on example 1. The damage diameter of the obtained energetic grain with the diameter of 1cm to a 3mm steel plate is 4 cm; the effective dead time of the gram-magnitude electromagnetic interference cloud cluster is 15s, the average transmittance of 532nm laser is 5.2%, the average transmittance of 1064nm laser is 6.5%, the average shielding effectiveness of a GPS wave band is 20dB, and the average shielding effectiveness of an X wave band is 18 dB.
Example 2
(1) 2g of Ti2Adding AlC into 20mL of 49% hydrofluoric acid solution, stirring and reacting at room temperature for 24h to etch off Ti3AlC2Filtering, washing and drying the aluminum layer to obtain layered MXene;
(2) 5g of MXene and 0.1mol of CoCl2.6H2O、0.1mol NiCl2.6H2Uniformly mixing O in 50mL of polyethylene glycol, adding 2mL of hydrazine hydrate, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution, placing the mixed solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle, reacting for 12 hours at 170 ℃, washing with ethanol and deionized water, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the MXene-loaded CoNi magnetoelectric coupling composite material;
(3) mixing 10g of MXene-loaded CoNi composite material, 5g of graphite, 10g of aluminum powder, 8g of magnesium powder, 10g of tungsten powder and 20g of polytetrafluoroethylene uniformly by a ball mill to obtain a mixture, pressing the mixture under the pressure of 20MPa for 5min, and sintering at 500 ℃ for 2h to obtain an energy-containing composite grain;
(4) the obtained energetic composite explosive column is collided with a 3mm steel plate at an initial speed of 800m/s at a high speed through a propellant powder to generate explosion and combustion reaction and form an electromagnetic interference cloud cluster.
Figure 2 is a photograph of an energetic composite charge pressed based on example 2. The damage diameter of the obtained energetic grain with the diameter of 1cm to a 3mm steel plate is 3.6 cm; the effective dead time of the gram-magnitude electromagnetic interference cloud cluster is 16s, the average transmittance of 532nm laser is 4.6%, the average transmittance of 1064nm laser is 5.3%, the average shielding effectiveness of a GPS wave band is 21dB, and the average shielding effectiveness of an X wave band is 19 dB.
Example 3
(1) 2g of Ti3Adding AlCN into 20mL of 49% hydrofluoric acid solution, stirring and reacting for 24h at room temperature to etch off Ti3AlC2Filtering, washing and drying the aluminum layer to obtain layered MXene;
(2) 5g of MXene and 0.1mol of CoCl2.6H2O、0.1mol NiCl2.6H2O is uniformly mixed in 50mL of polyethylene glycol and addedUniformly stirring 2mL of hydrazine hydrate to obtain a mixed solution, placing the mixed solution into a high-pressure reaction kettle, reacting for 12 hours at 170 ℃, washing with ethanol and deionized water, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the MXene-loaded CoNi magnetoelectric coupling composite material;
(3) mixing 10g of MXene-loaded CoNi composite material, 5g of graphite, 10g of aluminum powder, 8g of magnesium powder, 10g of tungsten powder and 20g of polytetrafluoroethylene uniformly by a ball mill to obtain a mixture, pressing the mixture under the pressure of 20MPa for 5min, and sintering at 500 ℃ for 2h to obtain an energy-containing composite grain;
(4) the obtained energetic composite explosive column is collided with a 3mm steel plate at an initial speed of 800m/s at a high speed through a propellant powder to generate explosion and combustion reaction and form an electromagnetic interference cloud cluster.
The damage diameter of the obtained energetic grain with the diameter of 1cm to a 3mm steel plate is 4.2 cm; the effective dead time of the gram-magnitude electromagnetic interference cloud cluster is 14s, the average transmittance of 532nm laser is 5.4%, the average transmittance of 1064nm laser is 4.9%, the average shielding effectiveness of a GPS wave band is 22dB, and the average shielding effectiveness of an X wave band is 17 dB.
Example 4
(1) 2g of Ti3AlC2Adding the mixture into 20mL of 49% hydrofluoric acid solution, stirring and reacting for 24h at room temperature to etch off Ti3AlC2Filtering, washing and drying the aluminum layer to obtain layered MXene;
(2) 5g of MXene and 0.1mol of CoCl2.6H2O、0.1mol NiCl2.6H2Uniformly mixing O in 50mL of polyethylene glycol, adding 2mL of hydrazine hydrate, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution, placing the mixed solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle, reacting for 12 hours at 170 ℃, washing with ethanol and deionized water, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the MXene-loaded CoNi magnetoelectric coupling composite material;
(3) mixing 10g of MXene-loaded CoNi composite material, 5g of graphite, 10g of aluminum powder, 8g of magnesium powder, 10g of tungsten powder and 20g of polytetrafluoroethylene uniformly by a ball mill to obtain a mixture, pressing the mixture under the pressure of 20MPa for 5min, and sintering at 500 ℃ for 2h to obtain an energy-containing composite grain;
(4) the obtained energetic composite explosive column is collided with a 3mm steel plate at an initial speed of 900m/s at a high speed through a propellant powder to generate explosion and combustion reaction and form an electromagnetic interference cloud cluster.
The damage diameter of the obtained energetic grain with the diameter of 1cm to a 3mm steel plate is 5.3 cm; the effective dead time of the ten-gram-magnitude electromagnetic interference cloud cluster is 21s, the average transmittance of 532nm laser is 2.1%, the average transmittance of 1064nm laser is 2.6%, the average shielding effectiveness of a GPS wave band is 28dB, and the average shielding effectiveness of an X wave band is 20 dB.
Example 5
(1) 2g of Ti3AlC2Adding the mixture into 20mL of 49% hydrofluoric acid solution, stirring and reacting for 24h at room temperature to etch off Ti3AlC2Filtering, washing and drying the aluminum layer to obtain layered MXene;
(2) 5g of MXene and 0.1mol of CoCl2.6H2O、0.1mol NiCl2.6H2Uniformly mixing O in 50mL of polyethylene glycol, adding 2mL of hydrazine hydrate, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution, placing the mixed solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle, reacting for 12 hours at 170 ℃, washing with ethanol and deionized water, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the MXene-loaded CoNi magnetoelectric coupling composite material;
(3) mixing 10g of MXene-loaded CoNi composite material, 5g of graphite, 10g of aluminum powder, 8g of magnesium powder, 10g of tungsten powder and 20g of polytetrafluoroethylene uniformly by a ball mill to obtain a mixture, pressing the mixture under the pressure of 20MPa for 5min, and sintering at 500 ℃ for 2h to obtain an energy-containing composite grain;
(4) the obtained energetic composite explosive column is collided with a 3mm steel plate at an initial speed of 1000m/s at a high speed through a propellant powder to generate explosion and combustion reaction and form an electromagnetic interference cloud cluster.
The damage diameter of the obtained energetic grain with the diameter of 1cm to a 3mm steel plate is 5.6 cm; the effective dead time of the ten-gram-magnitude electromagnetic interference cloud cluster is 26s, the average transmittance of 532nm laser is 1.9%, the average transmittance of 1064nm laser is 2.2%, the average shielding effectiveness of a GPS wave band is 29dB, and the average shielding effectiveness of an X wave band is 22 dB.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the explosive multi-mechanism coupling type energetic electromagnetic damage cloud cluster is characterized by comprising the following steps:
etching an aluminum layer in the MAX phase by using hydrofluoric acid, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain layered MXene;
step two, MXene and CoCl obtained in the step one2.6H2O、NiCl2.6H2O is evenly mixed in polyethylene glycol, then 5 to 10 percent of hydrazine hydrate is added and evenly stirred to obtain mixed solution;
step three, placing the mixed solution obtained in the step two in a high-pressure reaction kettle, reacting for 10-16 h at 150-190 ℃, washing for 3-5 times by using ethanol and deionized water, and drying at 60-80 ℃ to obtain the MXene loaded CoNi magnetoelectric coupling composite material;
step four, uniformly mixing the MXene loaded CoNi composite material obtained in the step three with graphite, aluminum powder, magnesium powder, tungsten powder and polytetrafluoroethylene through a ball mill to obtain a mixture, and performing pressing and sintering processes on the mixture to obtain an energy-containing composite grain;
and fifthly, carrying out high-speed collision on the energetic composite grain obtained in the fourth step and a target through a propellant to generate explosion and combustion reactions and form an electromagnetic interference cloud cluster.
2. The method for preparing the blasting multi-mechanism coupled energetic electromagnetic damage cloud cluster as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MAX phase is Ti3AlC2、Ti2AlC or Ti3One or more AlCN(s) with the grain size less than or equal to 200 meshes; the concentration of the hydrofluoric acid is more than or equal to 40%, and the mass ratio of the hydrofluoric acid to the MAX phase is 5-10.
3. The preparation method of the blasting multi-mechanism coupled energetic electromagnetic damage cloud cluster as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the raw materials are mixed according to the following parts by mass: 25-35 parts of MXene-loaded CoNi magnetoelectric coupling composite material, 5-10 parts of graphite, 10-15 parts of aluminum powder, 5-10 parts of magnesium powder, 5-10 parts of tungsten powder and 20-30 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene.
4. The method for preparing the blasting multi-mechanism coupled energetic electromagnetic damage cloud cluster as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the graphite is less than or equal to 50 meshes; the magnesium powder, the aluminum powder and the tungsten powder are in micron order.
5. The preparation method of the blasting multi-mechanism coupled energetic electromagnetic damage cloud cluster as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressing pressure is 10-40 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5-10 min; the sintering temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the sintering time is 2-4 h.
6. The explosive multi-mechanism coupled energetic electromagnetic damage cloud cluster is characterized by being obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The use of the blasting multi-mechanism coupled energetic electromagnetic damage cloud according to claim 6 for hard damage for target set penetration and implosion and soft damage for electromagnetic interference and communication interruption.
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