CN106340726A - Magnetic conductive nano-metal/carbon airgel absorbing material and the preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Magnetic conductive nano-metal/carbon airgel absorbing material and the preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106340726A CN106340726A CN201610930087.1A CN201610930087A CN106340726A CN 106340726 A CN106340726 A CN 106340726A CN 201610930087 A CN201610930087 A CN 201610930087A CN 106340726 A CN106340726 A CN 106340726A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic conductive nano-metal/carbon airgel absorbing material and the preparation method thereof. The material is formed and prepared from carbon airgel which undergoes sensitization, electroless plating, freeze drying or supercritical drying. The carbon airgel is composed of magnetic metal nano particles and a porous carbon skeleton. The magnetic metal nano particles are distributed evenly on the surface of the carbon airgel and have magnetic force, electrical conductivity, low density, a high specific surface area and a nano-porous structure. Due to the above characteristics, the carbon airgel absorbing material has a good prospect in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption, and it can absorb the wide bands of an electromagnetic wave effectively even with low use amount.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to absorbing material preparing technical field is and in particular to a kind of magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels
Absorbing material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
With the investigative techniques such as light, electricity, magnetic military field extensive application, corresponding counterreconnaissance technology receives people
Increasing concern.Wherein electromagnetic-wave absorbent, effectively can reduce on the premise of not changing armament systems configuration design
The RCS of weaponry, improves its defence capability of surviving, becomes the study hotspot of the military of various countries.Preferably inhale ripple material
Material needs to meet the requirement of " thickness of thin, light weight, absorption frequency width, absorbability are strong ".Traditional absorbing material mainly passes through
Electrical loss is (as conducting polymer, tio2、sio2、zno、batio3Deng) or magnetic loss (as fe, co, ni, fe3o4、γ-fe2o3
Deng) convert electromagnetic waves into heat energy, realize the absorption to incident electromagnetic wave.This kind of material generally has higher density and single
Loss ability, need higher addition (50-70wt%) and thicker coating layer thickness, just can reach preferably absorbing property
(maximum reflection is lost rlmax < -30db), leads to the weight of camouflage coating to be significantly increased.In recent years, changed with magnetic nano-particle
Property conducing composite material, because can simultaneously by dielectric loss and magnetic loss inhale ripple, there is preferably impedance matching property, and have
There is stronger wave-sucking performance it is considered to be the effective replacer of traditional stealth material.Though this kind of composite can be in relatively low painting
In the case of thickness degree, realize electromagnetic wave and absorb by force, but remain a need for of a relatively high absorbing material addition (20-50wt%),
Absorbing material itself has higher density (＞ 1g/cm simultaneously-3), to reducing, camouflage coating deadweight is totally unfavorable.Therefore, protecting
On the basis of holding the strong wave-sucking performance of magnetic conductive composite, reduce the density of absorbing material and required addition as far as possible,
It is very necessary.
Aeroge has low-density, high-specific surface area and abundant loose structure, is one kind " star " material in recent years
Material.Research finds recently, compares traditional non-hole wave absorbing agent, and conductive or magnetic aeroge absorbing material has lower density, and
Certain wave-absorbing effect (compos.sci.technol.117,2015,117,32) can be obtained under relatively low addition.
Loose structure one side can reduce density of material, on the other hand can pass through interface multistep reflection-absorption electromagnetic wave, and reinforcing material is inhaled
Wave energy power.But this kind of material generally has single magnetic or electric conductivity, the strong requirement absorbing of wideband can not be reached.If gas
Gel has magnetic and electric conductivity simultaneously, and it will have low-density and high impedance matching properties, can by electrical loss, magnetic loss,
Interfacial polarization loss and multistep reflection-absorption electromagnetic wave, may realize incidence wave wideband strong in the case of very few additive
Absorb.But unifunctional magnetic or the conductive common document report of aeroge, bifunctional magnetic conductive aeroge involves
Design of material and complex, the rare report at present of synthesis.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solving at least the above and/or defect, and provide at least will be described later excellent
Point.
In order to realize according to object of the present invention and further advantage, there is provided a kind of magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon
Aeroge absorbing material, described nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material is mainly made up of charcoal and metal nanoparticle, wherein charcoal
It is calculated as 75～99% with carbon aerogels weight, metal nanoparticle is calculated as 1～25% with carbon aerogels weight.
Preferably, the specific surface area of described absorbing material is between 300～700g/m2, electrical conductivity between 0.01～1s/m,
Saturation magnetic field intensity is between 0.5～10emu/g, and when this absorbing material uses, minimal reflection loss, between -20～-60db, is inhaled
Ripple effective bandwidth is between 2-5db.
Preferably, described carbon aerogels be resorcinol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels, P-F carbon aerogels, to benzene two
Any one in phenol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels and phloroglucinol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels.
Preferably, described metal nanoparticle is ni or co.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material, bag
Include following steps:
Step one, carbon aerogels are added pdcl2Or sncl2At least 1h is soaked in sensitizing solution；Then deionized water is rinsed
To remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2Or sncl2；
Step 2, by step one process after carbon aerogels be soaked in metallochemistry plating solution, carry out chemical plating 1-12
My god, obtain nano metal/carbon composite；
Step 3, the nano metal obtaining/carbon composite is dried, that is, obtains magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon airsetting
Glue absorbing material.
Preferably, described metallochemistry plating solution is chemical nickel-plating solution or electroless cobalt plating solution；Described chemical nickel plating is molten
The formula of liquid is: 0.05～0.3 weight portion nicl2·6h2O, 20 parts by volume deionized waters, 5 parts by volume of ethanol, 2 parts by volume ammoniacal liquor
And 2 parts by volume hydrazine hydrates；The formula of described electroless cobalt plating solution is: 0.1～0.4 weight portion cocl2·6h2O, 20 weight portions
Deionized water, 5 parts by weight of ethanol, 2 weight portion ammoniacal liquor and 2 weight portion hydrazine hydrates.
Preferably, the drying in described step 3 is one of supercritical drying or freeze-drying；Described overcritical
In drying, nano metal/carbon composite deionized water washing by soaking be must be carried out before it is dried, ethanol or acetone then used
Carry out solvent displacement supercritical drying；In described freeze-drying, before it is dried must by nano metal/carbon composite spends
Ionized water carries out freeze-drying after washing by soaking, that is, obtain magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels.
Preferably, described freeze-drying comprises the following steps:
Step, by nano metal/carbon composite precooling: -30～-50 DEG C of cryogenic temperature, cooling time 1～3 is little
When；
Step, the nano metal/carbon composite after precooling is warming up to 25 DEG C, keeps 2～4 hours；
Step, freeze-drying: the nano metal that step is obtained/carbon composite adds vacuum freeze drier
In, setting condenser temperature is -50～-85 DEG C, and vacuum is 500mpa～50pa, sublimation drying 5-10h, obtains magnetic and leads
Susceptance rice metal/carbon aeroge absorbing material.
Preferably, described metallochemistry plating solution is chemical nickel-plating solution, and the formula of described chemical nickel-plating solution is: 0.05
～0.3 weight portion nicl2·6h2O, 20 parts by volume deionized waters, 0.01～0.06 weight portion inositol six phosphate ester, 1 weight
Part aminoacetic acid, 0.1 parts by volume accelerator, 0.1 parts by weight of urea, 0.1 weight portion antiaging agent, 0.05 weight portion benzo three nitrogen
Azoles, 0.05 parts by volume glycine, 0.06 weight portion PA, 5 parts by volume of ethanol, 2 parts by volume ammoniacal liquor and 2 parts by volume water
Close hydrazine；Described metallochemistry plating solution is electroless cobalt plating solution, and the formula of described electroless cobalt plating solution is: 0.1～0.4 weight portion
cocl2·6h2O, 20 parts by volume deionized waters, 0.01～0.06 weight portion inositol six phosphate ester, 1 weight portion aminoacetic acid,
0.1 parts by volume accelerator, 0.1 parts by weight of urea, 0.1 weight portion antiaging agent, 0.05 weight portion BTA, 0.05 volume
Part glycine, 0.06 weight portion PA, 5 parts by volume of ethanol, 2 parts by volume ammoniacal liquor and 2 parts by volume hydrazine hydrates.
Preferably, the process of described step 2 replaces with: carbon aerogels are positioned on the support of rotation, with 100～
Then metallochemistry plating solution is sprayed onto the carbon airsetting of rotation by the speed rotation of 150r/min with the speed of 50～100ml/min
Chemical plating is carried out on glue 1～12 day, obtain nano metal/carbon composite.
In the present invention, described pdcl2The preparation method of sensitizing solution is to weigh 0.05 weight portion pdcl2In beaker, add
45 parts by volume etoh and 5 parts by volume 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic dissolution in ultrasonic washing instrument and both obtained；Described sncl2Sensitization
The preparation method of liquid is to weigh 0.05 weight portion sncl2In beaker, add 45 parts by volume etoh and 5 parts by volume 1mol l- 1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic dissolution in ultrasonic washing instrument.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect:
(1) present invention proposes a kind of nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material with magnetic and electric conductivity, such airsetting
Glue is to be made up of magnetic metal nano particle and porous carbon skeleton, has magnetic, electric conductivity, low-density, high-specific surface area simultaneously
And nano-porous structure.Due to above characteristic, such aerogel material can be realized electromagnetic wave wideband and inhale by force under compared with few additive
Receive.
(2) aeroge that the present invention provides has suitable electrical conductivity, magnetic, impedance matching property, porous, low simultaneously
Density and higher specific surface area, inhale ripple field in microwave and have preferably application prospect.
(3) present invention provide aerogel material have simultaneously electrical loss inhale ripple, magnetic loss inhale ripple, interface loss inhale ripple and
The characteristics such as ripple are inhaled in multiple reflection loss, can realize incident electromagnetic wave wideband and inhale by force compared with (5wt%-15wt%) under few additive
Receive (minimal reflection loss, between -20～-60db, inhales ripple effective bandwidth between 2-5db).
Part is embodied by the further advantage of the present invention, target and feature by description below, and part also will be by this
Invention research and practice and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Brief description:
Fig. 1 is the ESEM sem figure of the metal/carbon aeroge of the embodiment of the present invention 1 preparation, it can be seen that this gas
Gel is fine and close cellular structures, and ni nano particle is evenly distributed in carbon aerogels skeleton surface；
Fig. 2 is the suction ripple schematic diagram of the ni/ carbon aerogels of the embodiment of the present invention 1 preparation, therefrom can see ni/ carbon airsetting
Glue shows strong absorbing property, and when addition is only 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness is minimum reflection loss during 2mm
, up to -57db, effective bandwidth is up to 3.7db for rlmin.
Specific embodiment:
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification literary composition
Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be appreciated that used herein such as " have ", "comprising" and " inclusion " term do not allot one or many
The presence of individual other element or a combination thereof or interpolation.
In addition, it is necessary to explanation be the electrical conductivity of aerogel material of following examples gained be to be recorded by four probe method
, magnetic property is to be recorded by magnetometer, and metal nano content is recorded by edx, and specific surface area is recorded by automatic adsorption device, inhales ripple
Performance is recorded by vector network analyzer.
Embodiment 1:
Step one, 8.08g resorcinol is mixed with mol ratio 1:2 with formaldehyde after mechanical agitation to clarify, use
0.2mol·l-1Naoh solution constant volume solution obtains wet gel to 100ml, at room temperature gel after 3 days.Pickling is carried out to wet gel
Aging, exchange of solvent, co2Obtain resorcinol-formaldehyde aeroge after supercritical fluid drying, further this aeroge is carried out
Carbonization, is heated to 1050 DEG C with the heating rate of 1.5 DEG C/min, obtains resorcinol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels after constant temperature 2h.
Step 2, weigh 0.05g pdcl2In beaker, add 45ml etoh and 5ml 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic
Ultrasonic dissolution in ripple cleaning device, the resorcinol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels in step one are placed in above-mentioned pdcl2After 1d in activating solution
Take out, deionized water is rinsed to remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2, it is subsequently placed in chemical nickel-plating solution under normal temperature
Carry out chemical plating, until solution is become colorless by bluish violet, obtain ni/ carbon composite；Chemical plating ni is filled a prescription and is: 0.3g
Nicl2 6h2o, 20ml deionized water, 5ml ethanol, 2ml ammoniacal liquor and 2ml hydrazine hydrate；
Step 3, by obtain ni/ carbon composite deionized water clean several times, then carry out exchange of solvent with acetone
Carry out supercritical drying after 7d, that is, obtain ni/ carbon aerogels；
This aeroge ni content is 18wt%；Specific surface area is 416g/m2；Electrical conductivity is 0.1s/cm；Ms is 4.7emu/
g；Mr is 1.7emu/g；Hc is 192oe；When addition is for 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness is minimum reflection during 2mm
Loss rlminUp to -57db, effective bandwidth is up to 3.7db.
Embodiment 2:
Step one, 8.08g phenol is mixed with mol ratio 1:2 with formaldehyde after mechanical agitation to clarify, use 0.2mol l- 1Naoh solution constant volume solution to 100ml, at room temperature gel after 3 days wet gel, it is aging that wet gel is carried out with pickling, solvent
Exchange, co2Obtain P-F aeroge after supercritical fluid drying, further carbonization carried out to this aeroge, with 1.5 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is heated to 1050 DEG C, obtains P-F carbon aerogels after constant temperature 2h；
Step 2, weigh 0.05g pdcl2In beaker, add 45ml etoh and 5ml 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic
Ultrasonic dissolution in ripple cleaning device, the P-F carbon aerogels in step one are placed in above-mentioned pdcl2Take after 1d in activating solution
Go out, deionized water is rinsed to remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2, it is subsequently placed in chemical nickel-plating solution to enter under normal temperature
Row chemical plating, until solution is become colorless by bluish violet, obtains ni/ carbon composite；Chemical plating ni is filled a prescription and is: 0.2g
nicl2·6h2O, 20ml deionized water, 5ml ethanol, 2ml ammoniacal liquor and 2ml hydrazine hydrate；
Step 3, by obtain ni/ carbon composite deionized water clean several times, then carry out exchange of solvent with acetone
Carry out supercritical drying after 7d, that is, obtain ni/ carbon aerogels.
This aeroge ni content is 12.3wt%；Specific surface area is 522g/m2；Electrical conductivity is 0.1s/cm；Ms is
1.2emu/g；Mr is 0.17emu/g；Hc is 64oe；When addition is for 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness is during 2mm
Minimum reflection loss rlminUp to -32db, effective bandwidth is up to 3.7db.
Embodiment 3:
Step one, 8.08g phenol is mixed with mol ratio 1:2 with formaldehyde after mechanical agitation to clarify, use 0.2mol l- 1Naoh solution constant volume solution obtains wet gel to 100ml, at room temperature gel after 3 days；Wet gel is carried out with pickling aging, solvent
Exchange, co2Obtain P-F aeroge after supercritical fluid drying, further carbonization carried out to this aeroge, with 1.5 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is heated to 1050 DEG C, obtains P-F carbon aerogels after constant temperature 2h；
Step 2, weigh 0.05g pdcl2In beaker, add 45ml etoh and 5ml 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic
Ultrasonic dissolution in ripple cleaning device, the P-F carbon aerogels in step one are placed in above-mentioned pdcl2Take after 1d in activating solution
Go out, deionized water is rinsed to remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2, it is subsequently placed in chemical nickel-plating solution to enter under normal temperature
Row chemical plating, until solution is become colorless by bluish violet, obtains co/ carbon composite；Chemical plating co is filled a prescription and is: 0.4g
cocl2·6h2O, 20ml deionized water, 5ml ethanol, 2ml ammoniacal liquor and 2ml hydrazine hydrate；
Step 3, by the co/ obtaining in step 2 carbon composite deionized water clean several times, then carried out with acetone
Carry out supercritical drying after exchange of solvent 7d, that is, obtain co/ carbon aerogels.
This aeroge co content is 25wt%；Specific surface area is 300g/m2；Electrical conductivity is 0.01s/cm；Ms is 10emu/
g；Mr is 3.7emu/g；Hc is 262oe；When addition is for 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness is minimum reflection during 2mm
Loss rlminUp to -60db, effective bandwidth is up to 5db.
Embodiment 4:
Step one, 8.08g hydroquinones is mixed with mol ratio 1:2 with formaldehyde after mechanical agitation to clarify, use
0.2mol·l-1Naoh solution constant volume solution obtains wet gel to 100ml, at room temperature gel after 3 days.Pickling is carried out to wet gel
Aging, exchange of solvent, co2Obtain hydroquinones-formaldehyde aerogels after supercritical fluid drying, further this aeroge is carried out
Carbonization, is heated to 1050 DEG C with the heating rate of 1.5 DEG C/min, obtains hydroquinones-formaldehyde carbon aerogels after constant temperature 2h；
Step 2, weigh 0.05g pdcl2In beaker, add 45ml etoh and 5ml 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic
Ultrasonic dissolution in ripple cleaning device, the hydroquinones in step one-formaldehyde carbon aerogels are placed in above-mentioned pdcl2After 1d in activating solution
Take out, deionized water is rinsed to remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2, it is subsequently placed in chemical nickel-plating solution under normal temperature
Carry out chemical plating, until solution is become colorless by bluish violet, obtain co/ carbon composite；Chemical plating co is filled a prescription and is: 0.05g
nicl2·6h2O, 20ml deionized water, 5ml ethanol, 2ml ammoniacal liquor and 2ml hydrazine hydrate；
Step 3, by the co/ obtaining in step 2 carbon composite deionized water clean several times, then carried out with acetone
Carry out supercritical drying after exchange of solvent 7d, that is, obtain co/ carbon aerogels.
This aeroge co content is 1wt%；Specific surface area is 700g/m2；Electrical conductivity is 1s/cm；Ms is 0.5emu/g；mr
For 0.07emu/g；Hc is 60oe；When addition is for 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness is minimum reflection loss during 2mm
rlminFor -20db, effective bandwidth is up to 3db.
Embodiment 5
Step one, 8.08g phloroglucin is mixed with mol ratio 1:2 with formaldehyde after mechanical agitation to clarify, use
0.2mol·l-1Naoh solution constant volume solution obtains wet gel to 100ml, at room temperature gel after 3 days.Pickling is carried out to wet gel
Aging, exchange of solvent, co2Obtain phloroglucinol-formaldehyde aeroge after supercritical fluid drying, further this aeroge is carried out
Carbonization, is heated to 1050 DEG C with the heating rate of 1.5 DEG C/min, obtains phloroglucinol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels after constant temperature 2h；
Step 2, weigh 0.05g pdcl2In beaker, add 45ml etoh and 5ml 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic
Ultrasonic dissolution in ripple cleaning device, the phloroglucinol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels in step one are placed in above-mentioned pdcl2After 1d in activating solution
Take out, deionized water is rinsed to remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2, it is subsequently placed in chemical nickel-plating solution under normal temperature
Carry out chemical plating, until solution is become colorless by bluish violet.Chemical plating co is filled a prescription and is: 0.3g cocl2·6h2O, 20ml deionization
Water, 5ml ethanol, 2ml ammoniacal liquor and 2ml hydrazine hydrate.
Step 3, by the co/ obtaining in step 2 carbon composite deionized water clean several times, then carried out with acetone
Carry out supercritical drying after exchange of solvent 7d, that is, obtain co/ carbon aerogels.
This aeroge co content is 15wt%；Specific surface area is 450g/m2；Electrical conductivity is 0.2s/cm；Ms is 3.7emu/
g；Mr is 1.2emu/g；Hc is 103oe；When addition is for 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness is minimum reflection during 2mm
Loss rlminUp to -45db, effective bandwidth is up to 4.0db.
Embodiment 6
Step one, 8.08g phenol is mixed with mol ratio 1:2 with formaldehyde after mechanical agitation to clarify, use 0.2mol l- 1Naoh solution constant volume solution obtains wet gel to 100ml, at room temperature gel after 3 days.Wet gel is carried out with pickling aging, solvent
Exchange, co2Obtain P-F aeroge after supercritical fluid drying, further carbonization carried out to this aeroge, with 1.5 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is heated to 1050 DEG C, obtains P-F carbon aerogels after constant temperature 2h.
Step 2, weigh 0.05g pdcl2In beaker, add 45ml etoh and 5ml 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic
Ultrasonic dissolution in ripple cleaning device；P-F carbon aerogels in step one are placed in above-mentioned pdcl2Take after 1d in activating solution
Go out, deionized water is rinsed to remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2, it is subsequently placed in chemical nickel-plating solution to enter under normal temperature
Row chemical plating, until solution is become colorless by bluish violet, obtains co/ carbon composite.Chemical plating co is filled a prescription and is: 0.1g
cocl2·6h2O, 20ml deionized water, 5ml ethanol, 2ml ammoniacal liquor and 2ml hydrazine hydrate；
Step 3, by the co/ obtaining in step 2 carbon composite deionized water clean several times, then carried out with acetone
Carry out supercritical drying after exchange of solvent 7d, that is, obtain co/ carbon aerogels.
This aeroge co content is 10wt%；Specific surface area is 510g/m2；Electrical conductivity is 0.5s/cm；Ms is 1.7emu/
g；Mr is 0.6emu/g；Hc is 97oe；When addition is for 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness is minimum reflection during 2mm
Loss rlminUp to -40db, effective bandwidth is up to 4.0db.
Embodiment 7:
Step one, 8.08g phenol is mixed with mol ratio 1:2 with formaldehyde after mechanical agitation to clarify, use 0.2mol l- 1Naoh solution constant volume solution obtains wet gel to 100ml, at room temperature gel after 3 days.Wet gel is carried out with pickling aging, solvent
Exchange, co2Obtain P-F aeroge after supercritical fluid drying, further carbonization carried out to this aeroge, with 1.5 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is heated to 1050 DEG C, obtains P-F carbon aerogels after constant temperature 2h.
Step 2, weigh 0.05g pdcl2In beaker, add 45ml etoh and 5ml 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic
Ultrasonic dissolution in ripple cleaning device；P-F carbon aerogels in step one are placed in above-mentioned pdcl2Take after 1d in activating solution
Go out, deionized water is rinsed to remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2, it is subsequently placed in chemical nickel-plating solution to enter under normal temperature
Row chemical plating, until solution is become colorless by bluish violet, obtains co/ carbon composite.Chemical plating co is filled a prescription and is: 0.1g
cocl2·6h2O, 20ml deionized water, 0.01g inositol six phosphate ester, 1g aminoacetic acid, 0.1ml accelerator, 0.1g urine
Element, 0.1g antiaging agent, 0.05g BTA, 0.05ml glycine, 0.06g PA, 5ml ethanol, 2ml ammoniacal liquor
And 2ml hydrazine hydrate；
Step 3, by the co/ obtaining in step 2 carbon composite deionized water clean several times, then carried out with acetone
Carry out supercritical drying after exchange of solvent 7d, that is, obtain co/ carbon aerogels.
This aeroge co content is 10wt%；Specific surface area is 680g/m2；Electrical conductivity is 1s/cm；Ms is 3.5emu/g；
Mr is 1.2emu/g；Hc is 100oe；When addition is for 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness is that minimum reflection during 2mm is damaged
Consumption rlminUp to -45db, effective bandwidth is up to 3.0db.
Embodiment 8:
Step one, 8.08g resorcinol is mixed with mol ratio 1:2 with formaldehyde after mechanical agitation to clarify, use
0.2mol·l-1Naoh solution constant volume solution obtains wet gel to 100ml, at room temperature gel after 3 days.Pickling is carried out to wet gel
Aging, exchange of solvent, co2Obtain resorcinol-formaldehyde aeroge after supercritical fluid drying, further this aeroge is carried out
Carbonization, is heated to 1050 DEG C with the heating rate of 1.5 DEG C/min, obtains resorcinol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels after constant temperature 2h.
Step 2, weigh 0.05g pdcl2In beaker, add 45ml etoh and 5ml 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic
Ultrasonic dissolution in ripple cleaning device, the resorcinol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels in step one are placed in above-mentioned pdcl2After 1d in activating solution
Take out, deionized water is rinsed to remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2, it is subsequently placed in chemical nickel-plating solution under normal temperature
Carry out chemical plating, until solution is become colorless by bluish violet, obtain ni/ carbon composite；Chemical plating ni is filled a prescription and is: 0.3g
nicl2·6h2O, 20ml deionized water, 0.02g inositol six phosphate ester, 1g aminoacetic acid, 0.1ml accelerator, 0.1g urine
Element, 0.1g antiaging agent, 0.05g BTA, 0.05ml glycine, 0.06g PA, 5ml ethanol, 2ml ammoniacal liquor
And 2ml hydrazine hydrate；
Step 3, by obtain ni/ carbon composite deionized water clean several times, then carry out exchange of solvent with acetone
Carry out supercritical drying after 7d, that is, obtain ni/ carbon aerogels；
This aeroge ni content is 18wt%；Specific surface area is 660g/m2；Electrical conductivity is 0.8s/cm；Ms is 6.8emu/
g；Mr is 3.5emu/g；Hc is 200oe；When addition is for 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness is minimum reflection during 2mm
Loss rlminUp to -58db, effective bandwidth is up to 4.5db.
Embodiment 9:
Step one, 8.08g phloroglucin is mixed with mol ratio 1:2 with formaldehyde after mechanical agitation to clarify, use
0.2mol·l-1Naoh solution constant volume solution obtains wet gel to 100ml, at room temperature gel after 3 days.Pickling is carried out to wet gel
Aging, exchange of solvent, co2Obtain phloroglucinol-formaldehyde aeroge after supercritical fluid drying, further this aeroge is carried out
Carbonization, is heated to 1050 DEG C with the heating rate of 1.5 DEG C/min, obtains phloroglucinol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels after constant temperature 2h；
Step 2, weigh 0.05g pdcl2In beaker, add 45ml etoh and 5ml 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic
Ultrasonic dissolution in ripple cleaning device, the phloroglucinol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels in step one are placed in above-mentioned pdcl2After 1d in activating solution
Take out, deionized water is rinsed to remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2, it is subsequently placed in chemical nickel-plating solution under normal temperature
Carry out chemical plating, until solution is become colorless by bluish violet.Chemical plating co is filled a prescription and is: 0.3g cocl2·6h2O, 20ml deionization
Water, 5ml ethanol, 2ml ammoniacal liquor and 2ml hydrazine hydrate.
Step 3, by the co/ obtaining in step 2 carbon composite deionized water soaking and washing several times, then freezes dry
Dry, that is, obtain co/ carbon aerogels；
Described freeze-drying comprises the following steps:
Step, by nano metal/carbon composite precooling: -30 DEG C of cryogenic temperature, cooling time 1 hour；
Step, the nano metal/carbon composite after precooling is warming up to 25 DEG C, keeps 2 hours；
Step, freeze-drying: the nano metal that step is obtained/carbon composite adds vacuum freeze drier
In, setting condenser temperature is -50 DEG C, and vacuum is 500mpa, sublimation drying 10h, obtains magnetic conductive co/ carbon aerogels
Absorbing material.
This co/ carbon aerogels absorbing material co content is 15wt%；Specific surface area is 680g/m2；Electrical conductivity is 0.3s/
cm；Ms is 3.9emu/g；Mr is 1.5emu/g；Hc is 115oe；When addition is for 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness is
Minimum reflection loss rl during 2mmminUp to -55db, effective bandwidth is up to 4.6db.
Embodiment 10:
Step one, 8.08g phenol is mixed with mol ratio 1:2 with formaldehyde after mechanical agitation to clarify, use 0.2mol l- 1Naoh solution constant volume solution to 100ml, at room temperature gel after 3 days wet gel, it is aging that wet gel is carried out with pickling, solvent
Exchange, co2Obtain P-F aeroge after supercritical fluid drying, further carbonization carried out to this aeroge, with 1.5 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is heated to 1050 DEG C, obtains P-F carbon aerogels after constant temperature 2h；
Step 2, weigh 0.05g pdcl2In beaker, add 45ml etoh and 5ml 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic
Ultrasonic dissolution in ripple cleaning device, the P-F carbon aerogels in step one are placed in above-mentioned pdcl2Take after 1d in activating solution
Go out, deionized water is rinsed to remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2, then P-F carbon aerogels are placed in rotation
Support on, with the rotation of the speed of 100r/min, then metallochemistry plating solution is sprayed onto rotation with the speed of 100ml/min
Chemical plating is carried out on carbon aerogels 1～12 day, until solution is become colorless by bluish violet, obtain ni/ carbon composite；Chemical plating
Ni fills a prescription and is: 0.2g nicl2·6h2O, 20ml deionized water, 5ml ethanol, 2ml ammoniacal liquor and 2ml hydrazine hydrate；
Step 3, by obtain ni/ carbon composite deionized water clean several times, then carry out exchange of solvent with acetone
Carry out supercritical drying after 7d, that is, obtain ni/ carbon aerogels.
This aeroge ni content is 12.3wt%；Specific surface area is 650g/m2；Electrical conductivity is 0.8s/cm；Ms is
1.5emu/g；Mr is 0.25emu/g；Hc is 105oe；When addition is for 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness is during 2mm
Minimum reflection loss rlminUp to -45db, effective bandwidth is up to 4.2db.
Embodiment 11:
Step one, 8.08g phenol is mixed with mol ratio 1:2 with formaldehyde after mechanical agitation to clarify, use 0.2mol l- 1Naoh solution constant volume solution to 100ml, at room temperature gel after 3 days wet gel, it is aging that wet gel is carried out with pickling, solvent
Exchange, co2Obtain P-F aeroge after supercritical fluid drying, further carbonization carried out to this aeroge, with 1.5 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is heated to 1050 DEG C, obtains P-F carbon aerogels after constant temperature 2h；
Step 2, weigh 0.05g pdcl2In beaker, add 45ml etoh and 5ml 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic
Ultrasonic dissolution in ripple cleaning device, the P-F carbon aerogels in step one are placed in above-mentioned pdcl2Take after 1d in activating solution
Go out, deionized water is rinsed to remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2, then P-F carbon aerogels are placed in rotation
Support on, with the rotation of the speed of 100r/min, then metallochemistry plating solution is sprayed onto rotation with the speed of 100ml/min
Chemical plating is carried out on carbon aerogels 1～12 day, until solution is become colorless by bluish violet, obtain ni/ carbon composite；Chemical plating
Ni fills a prescription and is: 0.3g nicl2·6h2O, 20ml deionized water, 0.02g inositol six phosphate ester, 1g aminoacetic acid, 0.1ml
Accelerator, 0.1g urea, 0.1g antiaging agent, 0.05g BTA, 0.05ml glycine, 0.06g PA,
5ml ethanol, 2ml ammoniacal liquor and 2ml hydrazine hydrate；
Step 3, by obtain ni/ carbon composite deionized water clean several times, then carry out exchange of solvent with acetone
Carry out supercritical drying after 7d, that is, obtain ni/ carbon aerogels.
This aeroge ni content is 12.3wt%；Specific surface area is 680g/m2；Electrical conductivity is 0.85s/cm；Ms is
1.8emu/g；Mr is 0.3emu/g；Hc is 115oe；When addition is for 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness is during 2mm
Minimum reflection loss rlminUp to -50db, effective bandwidth is up to 4.5db.
Embodiment 12:
Step one, 8.08g phenol is mixed with mol ratio 1:2 with formaldehyde after mechanical agitation to clarify, use 0.2mol l- 1Naoh solution constant volume solution to 100ml, at room temperature gel after 3 days wet gel, it is aging that wet gel is carried out with pickling, solvent
Exchange, co2Obtain P-F aeroge after supercritical fluid drying, further carbonization carried out to this aeroge, with 1.5 DEG C/
The heating rate of min is heated to 1050 DEG C, obtains P-F carbon aerogels after constant temperature 2h；
Step 2, weigh 0.05g pdcl2In beaker, add 45ml etoh and 5ml 1mol l-1Hcl is placed in ultrasonic
Ultrasonic dissolution in ripple cleaning device, the P-F carbon aerogels in step one are placed in above-mentioned pdcl2Take after 1d in activating solution
Go out, deionized water is rinsed to remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2, then P-F carbon aerogels are placed in rotation
Support on, with the rotation of the speed of 100r/min, then metallochemistry plating solution is sprayed onto rotation with the speed of 100ml/min
Chemical plating is carried out on carbon aerogels 1～12 day, until solution is become colorless by bluish violet, obtain ni/ carbon composite；Chemical plating
Ni fills a prescription and is: 0.3g nicl2·6h2O, 20ml deionized water, 0.02g inositol six phosphate ester, 1g aminoacetic acid, 0.1ml
Accelerator, 0.1g urea, 0.1g antiaging agent, 0.05g BTA, 0.05ml glycine, 0.06g PA,
5ml ethanol, 2ml ammoniacal liquor and 2ml hydrazine hydrate；
Step 3, by obtain ni/ carbon composite deionized water soaking and washing several times, then freeze-drying, that is, obtain
Obtain ni/ carbon aerogels；
Described freeze-drying comprises the following steps:
Step, by nano metal/carbon composite precooling: -50 DEG C of cryogenic temperature, cooling time 3 hours；
Step, the nano metal/carbon composite after precooling is warming up to 25 DEG C, keeps 4 hours；
Step, freeze-drying: the nano metal that step is obtained/carbon composite adds vacuum freeze drier
In, setting condenser temperature is -85 DEG C, and vacuum is 50pa, sublimation drying 10h, obtains magnetic conductive ni/ carbon aerogels and inhales
Wave material；
This ni/ carbon aerogels ni content is 12.3wt%；Specific surface area is 700g/m2；Electrical conductivity is 1s/cm；Ms is
2emu/g；Mr is 0.5emu/g；Hc is 125oe；When addition is for 10wt%, Wave suction composite material thickness be 2mm when
Low reflection loss rlminUp to -55db, effective bandwidth is up to 4.8db.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment
With, it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore under the universal being limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention does not limit
In specific details with shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material is it is characterised in that described nano metal/carbon aerogels
Absorbing material is mainly made up of charcoal and metal nanoparticle, and wherein charcoal is calculated as 75～99% with carbon aerogels weight, metal nano
Particle is calculated as 1～25% with carbon aerogels weight.
2. magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described suction ripple
The specific surface area of material is between 300～700g/m2, electrical conductivity between 0.01～1s/m, saturation magnetic field intensity between 0.5～
10emu/g, and when this absorbing material uses, minimal reflection loss, between -20～-60db, inhales ripple effective bandwidth between 2-5db.
3. magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described carbon gas
Gel is resorcinol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels, P-F carbon aerogels, hydroquinones-formaldehyde carbon aerogels and isophthalic three
Any one in phenol-formaldehyde carbon aerogels.
4. magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described metal
Nano particle is ni or co.
5. the preparation method of the magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material as described in a kind of any one as right 1～4,
It is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, carbon aerogels are added pdcl2Or sncl2At least 1h is soaked in sensitizing solution；Then deionized water is rinsed to remove
Remove the pdcl of hydrogel surface enrichment2Or sncl2；
Step 2, by step one process after carbon aerogels be soaked in metallochemistry plating solution, carry out chemical plating 1-12 days, obtain
Obtain nano metal/carbon composite；
Step 3, the nano metal obtaining/carbon composite is dried, that is, obtains magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels and inhale
Wave material.
6. the preparation method of magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material as claimed in claim 5, its feature exists
In described metallochemistry plating solution is chemical nickel-plating solution or electroless cobalt plating solution；The formula of described chemical nickel-plating solution is: 0.05
～0.3 weight portion nicl2·6h2O, 20 parts by volume deionized waters, 5 parts by volume of ethanol, 2 parts by volume ammoniacal liquor and the hydration of 2 parts by volume
Hydrazine；The formula of described electroless cobalt plating solution is: 0.1～0.4 weight portion cocl2·6h2O, 20 parts by weight of deionized water, 5 weight portions
Ethanol, 2 weight portion ammoniacal liquor and 2 weight portion hydrazine hydrates.
7. the preparation method of magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material as claimed in claim 5, its feature exists
In the drying in described step 3 is one of supercritical drying or freeze-drying；In described supercritical drying, before it is dried
Nano metal/carbon composite deionized water must be carried out washing by soaking, then carry out solvent with ethanol or acetone and replace simultaneously
Supercritical drying；In described freeze-drying, before it is dried must by nano metal/carbon composite deionized water is soaked
Freeze-drying after washing, that is, obtain magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels.
8. the preparation method of magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material as claimed in claim 7, its feature exists
In described freeze-drying comprises the following steps:
Step, by nano metal/carbon composite precooling: -30～-50 DEG C of cryogenic temperature, cooling time 1～3 hour；
Step, the nano metal/carbon composite after precooling is warming up to 25 DEG C, keeps 2～4 hours；
Step, freeze-drying: the nano metal that step is obtained/carbon composite adds in vacuum freeze drier, if
Put condenser temperature and be -50～-85 DEG C, vacuum is 500mpa～50pa, sublimation drying 5-10h, obtains magnetic conductive and receives
Rice metal/carbon aeroge absorbing material.
9. the preparation method of magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material as claimed in claim 5, its feature exists
In described metallochemistry plating solution is chemical nickel-plating solution, and the formula of described chemical nickel-plating solution is: 0.05～0.3 weight portion
nicl2·6h2O, 20 parts by volume deionized waters, 0.01～0.06 weight portion inositol six phosphate ester, 1 weight portion aminoacetic acid,
0.1 parts by volume accelerator, 0.1 parts by weight of urea, 0.1 weight portion antiaging agent, 0.05 weight portion BTA, 0.05 volume
Part glycine, 0.06 weight portion PA, 5 parts by volume of ethanol, 2 parts by volume ammoniacal liquor and 2 parts by volume hydrazine hydrates；Described gold
Genus chemical plating fluid is electroless cobalt plating solution, and the formula of described electroless cobalt plating solution is: 0.1～0.4 weight portion cocl2·6h2o、20
Parts by volume deionized water, 0.01～0.06 weight portion inositol six phosphate ester, 1 weight portion aminoacetic acid, 0.1 parts by volume accelerate
Agent, 0.1 parts by weight of urea, 0.1 weight portion antiaging agent, 0.05 weight portion BTA, 0.05 parts by volume glycine, 0.06
Weight portion PA, 5 parts by volume of ethanol, 2 parts by volume ammoniacal liquor and 2 parts by volume hydrazine hydrates.
10. the preparation method of magnetic conductive nano metal/carbon aerogels absorbing material as claimed in claim 5, its feature exists
In the process of described step 2 replaces with: carbon aerogels are positioned on the support of rotation, with the speed of 100～150r/min
Then metallochemistry plating solution is sprayed onto on the carbon aerogels of rotation with the speed of 50～100ml/min and carries out chemical plating 1 by rotation
～12 days, obtain nano metal/carbon composite.
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