CN114455989A - Method for preparing organic fertilizer by carbonizing biological straw through low-temperature oxygen control - Google Patents
Method for preparing organic fertilizer by carbonizing biological straw through low-temperature oxygen control Download PDFInfo
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- CN114455989A CN114455989A CN202210050865.3A CN202210050865A CN114455989A CN 114455989 A CN114455989 A CN 114455989A CN 202210050865 A CN202210050865 A CN 202210050865A CN 114455989 A CN114455989 A CN 114455989A
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 197
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by carbonizing biological straws under low temperature and oxygen control, relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and aims to solve the problems that in the process of preparing the organic fertilizer by carbonizing the biological straws, the straws need to be crushed in advance, and then the crushed straws and sludge need to be stirred and mixed, so that in the process, the crushed straws need to be moved to stirring equipment for mixing and stirring, and in the moving process of the crushed straws, the crushed straws can be blown away by wind, so that material waste is caused, and time is wasted due to the fact that the crushed straws move back and forth. The method comprises the following steps: step 1: preparing sludge, straws, livestock manure, humic acid and microbial inoculum, drying the straws in the sun, crushing the straws by a crushing mechanism in a mixing device, adding the sludge into the mixing device, and stirring and mixing the sludge and the crushed straws by a mixing mechanism in the mixing device to obtain a mixed material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, in particular to a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by carbonizing biological straws under low-temperature oxygen control.
Background
The straws are a general term of stem and leaf parts of mature crops, and generally refer to the residual parts of wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, rape, cotton, sugarcane and other crops after seeds are harvested, and most of crop straws in agricultural production are abandoned in fields or burned in the open air, so that not only is the waste of biomass resources caused, but also serious environmental pollution is caused.
In the existing process of preparing an organic fertilizer by carbonizing biological straws, the straws need to be crushed in advance, and then the crushed straws and sludge are stirred and mixed, so that in the process, the crushed straws need to be moved to stirring equipment for mixing and stirring, and in the moving process of the crushed straws, the crushed straws can be blown away by wind, so that material waste is caused, and time is wasted by moving back and forth; therefore, the existing requirements are not met, and a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by carbonizing biological straws in a low-temperature oxygen-control manner is provided for the organic fertilizer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by carbonizing biological straws under low temperature and oxygen control, and aims to solve the problems that in the process of preparing the organic fertilizer by carbonizing the biological straws in the prior art, straws need to be crushed in advance, and then the crushed straws and sludge need to be stirred and mixed, so that in the process, the crushed straws need to be moved to stirring equipment for mixing and stirring, and the crushed straws are blown away by wind in the moving process, so that the waste of materials is caused, and the time is wasted due to the back-and-forth movement of the crushed straws.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by carbonizing biological straws under low-temperature oxygen control comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing sludge, straws, livestock manure, humic acid and a microbial inoculum, drying the straws in the sun, crushing the straws by a crushing mechanism in a mixing device, adding the sludge into the mixing device, and stirring and mixing the sludge and the crushed straws by a mixing mechanism in the mixing device to obtain a mixed material;
wherein the mixing device comprises:
a base, a fixed seat is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the upper end surface of the base, a mixing box is arranged at the front end of the fixed seat, a mixing chamber is arranged at the upper part inside the mixing box, a crushing chamber is arranged at the lower part inside the mixing box, the mixing chamber is internally provided with a mixing mechanism, the crushing chamber is internally provided with a crushing mechanism, the rear end face of the mixing box is fixedly provided with a connecting plate, the rear end face of the connecting plate is fixedly provided with a rotating shaft, the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the fixed seat through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft extends to the rear end of the fixed seat, the rear end of the fixed seat is fixedly provided with a motor seat, a servo motor is fixedly arranged above the motor base, the output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected with one end, located at the rear end of the fixed base, of the rotating shaft through a coupler, and a control mechanism is arranged on one side of the mixing box;
step 2: drying the mixed material through drying equipment to ensure that the moisture in the mixed material is reduced to 30-40%;
and step 3: adding the dried mixed material into carbonization equipment, introducing oxygen, raising the temperature to carry out carbonization treatment, wherein the set temperature of the carbonization equipment is not more than 350 ℃, cooling the mixed material after carbonization to reduce the temperature to 30-40 ℃, and cooling to obtain the carbon fertilizer;
and 4, step 4: mixing and stirring the carbon fertilizer, the livestock manure and the microbial inoculum, and then composting and fermenting the mixture in a fermentation pile at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ to obtain the carbonized organic fertilizer.
Preferably, in the step 1, the ratio of the straws to the livestock manure is 1:1, the ratio of the sludge to the straws is 2:1, the ratio of the straws to the humic acid is 2:1, and the ratio of the livestock manure to the microbial inoculum is 3: 1.
Preferably, the height of the fermentation pile in the step 4 is 1.2-1.5m, the width is 2-2.5m, the length is more than 2m, the fermentation starting temperature is 15-20 ℃, the temperature of the fermentation pile is increased to more than 60 ℃ in the fermentation process, pile turning is required, the pile turning frequency of the fermentation pile is more than 3 times, the temperature is required to be controlled at 60-65 ℃, and the fermentation days are 15-20 days.
Preferably, the mixing mechanism consists of a first fixed rod, a first connecting block, a stirring rod, a stirring wheel, a feeding pipe and a discharging pipe, the number of the first fixed rods is four, the four first fixed rods are all positioned below the interior of the mixing chamber, one end of the first fixed rod is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the mixing chamber, the first connecting block is positioned between the other ends of the first fixed rods, the first connecting block is fixedly connected with the other end of the first fixing rod, the stirring rod is positioned in the mixing chamber, two ends of the stirring rod are respectively and rotatably connected with the first connecting block and the upper inner wall of the mixing chamber through bearings, a plurality of stirring wheels are arranged, the stirring wheel is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring rod, the feeding pipe is fixedly connected on the outer wall of one side of the mixing box, discharging pipe fixed connection is located the top of inlet pipe, and one side outer wall fixed connection of discharging pipe and mixing box.
Preferably, the discharge pipe and the feed pipe are communicated with the interior of the mixing chamber, one end of the discharge pipe and one end of the feed pipe are both in threaded connection with a sealing cover, one end of the stirring rod extends to the upper part of the mixing box, one end of the stirring rod, which is positioned above the mixing box, is fixedly connected with a first driving bevel gear, supporting plates are fixedly arranged on both sides of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the mixing box, a connecting shaft is arranged between the supporting plates, and both ends of the connecting shaft are respectively rotatably connected with the supporting plate through bearings, one end of the connecting shaft extends to one side of the supporting plate, a first bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting shaft, and the first bevel gear is positioned between the supporting plates, the first bevel gear above the mixing box is meshed with the first driving bevel gear, and a driven bevel gear is fixedly arranged on one side of the connecting shaft, which is positioned on the supporting plates.
Preferably, rubbing crusher constructs by second dead lever, second connecting block, crushing pole, crushing sword, feed chute and apron and constitutes, the second dead lever is provided with four, four the second dead lever all is located the top of smashing indoor portion, and the one end of second dead lever and the inner wall fixed connection who smashes the room, the second connecting block is located between the second dead lever other end, and the other end fixed connection of second connecting block and second dead lever, crushing pole is located the inside of smashing the room, and the both ends of crushing pole pass through the bearing rotation with the below inner wall of second connecting block and crushing room respectively and be connected, crushing sword is provided with the several, and the fixed cover of crushing sword is in the outside of crushing pole, the feed chute is seted up in the top of smashing indoor portion inner wall, the apron is installed in one side of feed chute.
Preferably, an inserting groove is formed in the outer wall of one side of the mixing box, a baffle is inserted into the inserting groove, the front end face, the rear end face and one side end face of the baffle are respectively attached to the inner wall of the front end, the inner wall of the rear end and the inner wall of one side of the mixing box, the baffle is located between the first connecting block and the second connecting block, a sealing plate is fixedly arranged on one side end face of the baffle, one side end face of the sealing plate is attached to the outer wall of one side of the mixing box, the sealing plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of one side of the mixing box through screws, one end of the crushing rod extends to the lower portion of the mixing box, a second driving bevel gear is fixedly arranged at one end of the crushing rod located below the mixing box, and the second driving bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear.
Preferably, the control mechanism comprises two fixing plates, two rotating shafts, two control bevel gears, supporting rods, a mounting plate, a control motor, a storage battery, a first connecting gear and a second connecting gear, the two fixing plates are respectively and fixedly connected above and below one side end face of the mixing box, the rotating shaft is positioned between the two fixing plates, two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively and rotatably connected with the fixing plates through bearings, two ends of the rotating shaft respectively extend to the upper part and the lower part of one side of the mixing box, the two control bevel gears are respectively and fixedly connected at two ends of the rotating shaft, the control bevel gears are meshed with the driven bevel gears, the two supporting rods are respectively and fixedly connected below one side end face of the mixing box, and the supporting rods are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the rotating shaft, mounting panel fixed connection is in one side of bracing piece, control motor fixed mounting is at the front end of mounting panel up end, storage battery fixed mounting is in the rear end of mounting panel up end, and storage battery and control motor pass through wire electric connection, first connecting gear fixed connection is at the output of control motor, the second is connected the fixed outer wall that cup joints at the rotation axis of gear, and the second is connected gear and first connecting gear meshing and is connected.
Preferably, smash the room and all fixedly be provided with transparent observation plate with the inside of mixing chamber front end outer wall, the fixed propelling movement frame that is provided with in below of fixing base rear end face, the lower terminal surface fixed mounting of base has the universal wheel, and the universal wheel is provided with the several.
Preferably, the crushing and mixing step in the step 1 is specifically:
step 1-1: firstly, moving the device to a working place, opening a cover plate, starting a control motor, driving a rotating shaft to rotate by the control motor through a first connecting gear and a second connecting gear, driving a connecting shaft above and below a mixing box to rotate respectively through a control bevel gear and a driven bevel gear, driving a first driving bevel gear and a second driving bevel gear to rotate respectively through a first bevel gear by the connecting shaft, so that a crushing rod and a stirring rod rotate simultaneously, inserting the straws into a crushing chamber through a feeding groove, crushing the straws by a crushing cutter, retaining the crushed straws below the crushing chamber, and closing the cover plate after finishing quantitatively crushing the straws;
step 1-2: starting a servo motor, driving a rotating shaft to rotate by the servo motor, driving a mixing box to rotate by the rotating shaft, so that the mixing box rotates to roll the crushed straws in the crushing chamber, and uniformly crushing the crushed straws by a crushing cutter again while rolling;
step 1-3: observing the crushing state of the straws in the crushing chamber through a transparent observation plate, closing a control motor and a servo motor after the size of the crushed straws reaches the standard, enabling a mixing chamber to be positioned below the crushing chamber, detaching a sealing plate through screws, extracting the baffle plate, not blocking the baffle plate, enabling the crushed straws in the crushing chamber to enter the mixing chamber, inserting the baffle plate after the crushed straws enter the mixing chamber, fixing the sealing plate, enabling the baffle plate to continuously separate the mixing chamber from the crushing chamber, then adding silt into the mixing chamber through a feeding pipe, closing a sealing cover after the feeding is finished, continuously starting the control motor and the servo motor, thereby rotating the mixing box, driving a stirring rod to rotate simultaneously, enabling silt and the straws in the mixing chamber to roll through the rotation of the mixing box, and stirring the silt and the straws by the stirring wheel while the silt and the straws roll, after the stirring and mixing are finished, the mixed materials are extracted through the discharge pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the mixing box, the crushing chamber, the mixing chamber, the crushing mechanism and the mixing mechanism are arranged, so that the crushing chamber and the mixing chamber are integrated, after the crushing work is finished, the mixing box only needs to be rotated, the crushing chamber is positioned above the mixing box, the baffle is pulled out, the crushed straws can automatically enter the mixing chamber in the mixing box and then are mixed and stirred, and therefore, the crushed straws do not need to be moved, the crushed straws are prevented from being blown away by wind in the moving process, the step of moving the straws is omitted, the crushed straws do not need to be stored by other tools for transportation, and the work is more convenient.
2. Through setting up the fixing base, servo motor, the axis of rotation, thereby can make the mixing box rotate through servo motor, consequently make when smashing or mixing operation, the mixing box can rotate, make crushing material can smash when smashing indoor portion and rolling, consequently make crushing sword more even to the crushing effect of material, and when stirring mixing operation, the mixing box rotates and to be stirred when can making the material roll, thereby make the stirring mix more even.
3. Through setting up fixing base, mixing box, axis of rotation to make the mixing box can rotate, consequently make when placing the straw in the inside of smashing the room, can rotate the mixing box, make the below that smashes the room and be located the mixing chamber, thereby make the high reduction of feed chute, the staff of being convenient for carries out the feeding.
4. By arranging the control mechanism, the supporting plate, the connecting shaft, the first driving bevel gear, the second driving bevel gear, the first bevel gear, the control bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, thereby being capable of driving the rotating shaft to rotate by starting the control motor through the first connecting gear and the second connecting gear, the rotating shaft respectively drives the connecting shafts above and below the mixing box to rotate through the control bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, the connecting shaft respectively drives the first driving bevel gear and the second driving bevel gear to rotate through the first bevel gear, thereby enabling the crushing rod and the stirring rod to rotate simultaneously, therefore, when crushed straws and silt are added into the mixing chamber, the straw raw materials can be added into the crushing chamber, thereby enabling the crushing work and the mixing work to be carried out simultaneously, after the mixed materials are discharged, the crushed straws can be directly added into the mixing chamber to be mixed, therefore, when the stirring and mixing work is carried out on a large scale, the crushing and mixing work can be seamlessly connected, and the working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front sectional view of a mixing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged view of a portion of the area A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mixing box and the transparent viewing plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a right side view of the mixing device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the second fixing rod and the second connecting block of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a base; 2. a fixed seat; 3. a mixing box; 4. a mixing chamber; 5. a crushing chamber; 6. a mixing mechanism; 7. a crushing mechanism; 8. a connecting plate; 9. a rotating shaft; 10. a motor base; 11. a servo motor; 12. a control mechanism; 13. a first drive bevel gear; 14. a support plate; 15. a connecting shaft; 16. a first bevel gear; 17. a driven bevel gear; 18. inserting grooves; 19. a baffle plate; 20. a sealing plate; 21. a second drive bevel gear; 22. a transparent viewing plate; 23. a pushing frame; 24. a universal wheel; 25. a sealing cover; 601. a first fixing lever; 602. a first connection block; 603. a stirring rod; 604. a stirring wheel; 605. a feed pipe; 606. a discharge pipe; 701. a second fixing bar; 702. a second connecting block; 703. crushing the stems; 704. a crushing knife; 705. a feed chute; 706. a cover plate; 121. a fixing plate; 122. a rotating shaft; 123. controlling the bevel gear; 124. a support bar; 125. mounting a plate; 126. controlling the motor; 127. a battery cell; 128. a first connecting gear; 129. and a second connecting gear.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-5, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by carbonizing biological straws under low-temperature oxygen control comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing sludge, straws, livestock manure, humic acid and microbial inoculum, drying the straws in the sun, crushing the straws by a crushing mechanism 7 in a mixing device, adding the sludge into the mixing device, adding the sludge, carbonizing the sludge, loosening the soil due to large pores of the carbonized sludge, increasing the air permeability of the soil and the activity of microorganisms in the soil, promoting the healthy growth of plants, and stirring and mixing the sludge and the crushed straws by a mixing mechanism 6 in the mixing device to obtain a mixed material;
wherein, mixing arrangement includes:
a base 1, a fixed seat 2 is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the upper end face of the base 1, a mixing box 3 is arranged at the front end of the fixed seat 2, a mixing chamber 4 is arranged above the interior of the mixing box 3, a crushing chamber 5 is arranged below the interior of the mixing box 3, a mixing mechanism 6 is arranged inside the mixing chamber 4, a crushing mechanism 7 is arranged inside the crushing chamber 5, a connecting plate 8 is fixedly arranged at the rear end face of the mixing box 3, a rotating shaft 9 is fixedly arranged at the rear end face of the connecting plate 8, the other end of the rotating shaft 9 is rotatably connected with the fixed seat 2 through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft 9 extends to the rear end of the fixed seat 2, and the mixing box 3 can rotate through the rotating shaft 9 by arranging the rotating shaft 9, so that when straws are placed inside the crushing chamber 5, the mixing box 3 can be rotated, and the crushing chamber 5 is positioned below the mixing chamber 4, therefore, the height of the feeding groove 705 is reduced, feeding is convenient for workers, a motor base 10 is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the fixed base 2, a servo motor 11 is fixedly arranged above the motor base 10, the output end of the servo motor 11 is fixedly connected with one end, located at the rear end of the fixed base 2, of the rotating shaft 9 through a coupler, and a control mechanism 12 is arranged on one side of the mixing box 3;
step 2: drying the mixed material by drying equipment to ensure that the moisture in the mixed material is reduced to 30-40%, and drying the mixed material to be convenient for carbonizing the mixed material;
and step 3: adding the dried mixed material into carbonization equipment, introducing oxygen, raising the temperature for carbonization, and carbonizing the mixed material so as to carbonize the straws and the sludge, thereby obtaining the carbochemical fertilizer, maintaining the acid-base balance of the soil, ensuring that the set temperature of the carbonization equipment does not exceed 350 ℃, cooling the mixed material after carbonization so as to reduce the temperature to 30-40 ℃, and cooling to obtain the carbochemical fertilizer;
and 4, step 4: mixing and stirring the carbon fertilizer, the livestock manure and the microbial inoculum, adding the livestock manure for mixing and stirring, so that the carbonized fertilizer is mixed and fermented with the livestock manure, the content of organic matters in the carbon fertilizer is high, and after mixing, making a fermentation pile at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for decomposing and fermenting to obtain the carbonized organic fertilizer.
Further, in the step 1, the ratio of the straws to the livestock manure is 1:1, the ratio of the sludge to the straws is 2:1, the ratio of the straws to the humic acid is 2:1, and the ratio of the livestock manure to the microbial inoculum is 3: 1.
Further, the height of the fermentation pile in the step 4 is 1.2-1.5m, the width is 2-2.5m, the length is more than 2m, the cotton quilt effect cannot be generated when the fermentation pile is too small, so that the temperature of the fermentation pile is difficult to rise, the temperature in the fermentation pile is difficult to disperse due to overhigh temperature, the growth of microorganisms is influenced, the fermentation starting temperature is 15-20 ℃, the pile needs to be turned when the temperature of the fermentation pile rises to more than 60 ℃ in the fermentation process, the pile can be turned when the temperature of the fermentation pile rises to more than 60 ℃, the microorganisms can be prevented from being killed by high temperature, the effect of the carbonized organic fertilizer is influenced, the pile turning frequency of the fermentation pile is more than 3 times, the temperature needs to be controlled to be 60-65 ℃, and the fermentation days are 15-20 days.
Further, the mixing mechanism 6 is composed of four first fixing rods 601, four first connecting blocks 602, a stirring rod 603, a stirring wheel 604, a feeding pipe 605 and a discharging pipe 606, the four first fixing rods 601 are all located below the interior of the mixing chamber 4, one end of each first fixing rod 601 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the mixing chamber 4, the first connecting blocks 602 are located between the other ends of the first fixing rods 601, the first connecting blocks 602 are fixedly connected with the other end of the first fixing rods 601, the stirring rod 603 is located inside the mixing chamber 4, two ends of the stirring rod 603 are respectively rotatably connected with the upper inner walls of the first connecting blocks 602 and the mixing chamber 4 through bearings, the stirring wheels 604 are provided with a plurality of stirring wheels 604, the fixing sleeves 604 of the stirring wheels are connected to the outer wall of the stirring rod 603, through the arrangement of the stirring wheels 604, the mixing materials are stirred and mixed through the stirring wheels 604, the feeding pipe 605 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the mixing box 3, the discharging pipe 606 is fixedly connected above the feeding pipe 605, and the discharging pipe 606 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of one side of the mixing box 3.
Further, the discharging pipe 606 and the feeding pipe 605 are communicated with the inside of the mixing chamber 4, the discharging pipe 606 and one end of the feeding pipe 605 are connected with a sealing cover 25 by threads, by arranging the sealing cover 25, the feeding pipe 605 and the discharging pipe 606 are sealed by the sealing cover 25, one end of the stirring rod 603 extends to the upper part of the mixing box 3, one end of the stirring rod 603 above the mixing box 3 is fixedly connected with a first drive bevel gear 13, supporting plates 14 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the mixing box 3, a connecting shaft 15 is arranged between the supporting plates 14, both ends of the connecting shaft 15 are respectively connected with the supporting plates 14 by bearings in a rotating manner, one end of the connecting shaft 15 extends to one side of the supporting plates 14, a first bevel gear 16 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 15, the first bevel gear 16 is arranged between the supporting plates 14, the first bevel gear 16 above the mixing box 3 is meshed with the first drive bevel gear 13, a driven bevel gear 17 is fixedly arranged on one side of the connecting shaft 15, which is positioned on the supporting plate 14.
Further, the crushing mechanism 7 is composed of four second fixing rods 701, four second connecting blocks 702, crushing rods 703, crushing knives 704, a feeding groove 705 and a cover plate 706, the four second fixing rods 701 are arranged, the four second fixing rods 701 are all positioned above the inside of the crushing chamber 5, one end of each second fixing rod 701 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the crushing chamber 5, the second connecting blocks 702 are positioned between the other ends of the second fixing rods 701, the second connecting blocks 702 are fixedly connected with the other ends of the second fixing rods 701, the crushing rods 703 are positioned inside the crushing chamber 5, two ends of each crushing rod 703 are respectively rotatably connected with the second connecting blocks 702 and the inner wall below the crushing chamber 5 through bearings, the crushing knives 704 are provided with a plurality of numbers, the crushing knives 704 are fixedly sleeved outside the crushing rods 703, the feeding groove is arranged above the inner wall 705 at one side of the crushing chamber 5, the cover plate 706 is arranged at one side of the feeding groove 705, the cover plate 706 is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the mixing box 3 through hinges, the rear end of the cover plate 706 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the mixing box 3 through a lock.
Furthermore, the outer wall of one side of the mixing box 3 is provided with an inserting groove 18, the inner part of the inserting groove 18 is inserted with a baffle plate 19, and the front end face, the rear end face and one side end face of the baffle plate 19 are respectively attached to the front end inner wall, the rear end inner wall and one side inner wall of the mixing box 3, the baffle plate 19 is positioned between the first connecting block 602 and the second connecting block 702, by arranging the baffle plate 19, so that the crushing chamber 5 and the mixing chamber 4 are partitioned by a baffle plate 19, a sealing plate 20 is fixedly provided on one end surface of the baffle plate 19, and one side terminal surface of closing plate 20 and the laminating of one side outer wall of mixing box 3, closing plate 20 passes through screw fixed connection with one side outer wall of mixing box 3, and the one end of crushing pole 703 extends to the below of mixing box 3, and the one end that crushing pole 703 is located the mixing box 3 below is fixed and is provided with second drive bevel gear 21, and second drive bevel gear 21 is connected with the meshing of first bevel gear 16.
Further, the control mechanism 12 is composed of two fixing plates 121, two rotating shafts 122, two control bevel gears 123, two support rods 124, a mounting plate 125, a control motor 126, a battery jar 127, a first connecting gear 128 and a second connecting gear 129, the two fixing plates 121 are fixedly connected above and below the end surface of one side of the mixing box 3 respectively, the rotating shafts 122 are located between the fixing plates 121, two ends of the rotating shafts 122 are rotatably connected with the fixing plates 121 through bearings respectively, two ends of the rotating shafts 122 extend to the upper side and the lower side of one side of the mixing box 3 respectively, the two control bevel gears 123 are arranged, the two control bevel gears 123 are fixedly connected to two ends of the rotating shafts 122 respectively, the control bevel gears 123 are meshed with the driven bevel gears 17, the two support rods 124 are arranged, the two support rods 124 are fixedly connected below the end surface of one side of the mixing box 3, and the support rods 124 are located at the front end and the rear end of the rotating shafts 122 respectively, mounting panel 125 fixed connection is in one side of bracing piece 124, control motor 126 fixed mounting is at the front end of mounting panel 125 up end, storage battery 127 fixed mounting is in the rear end of mounting panel 125 up end, and storage battery 127 passes through wire electric connection with control motor 126, through setting up storage battery 127, thereby supply power to control motor 126 through storage battery 127, when avoiding external power supply to supply power to control motor 126, cause mixing box 3 to rotate and drive the wire winding, first connection gear 128 fixed connection is at control motor 126's output, the fixed cup joint of second connection gear 129 is at the outer wall of rotation axis 122, and second connection gear 129 is connected with the meshing of first connection gear 128.
Further, smash the inside of room 5 and 4 front end outer walls of mixing chamber and all fixedly be provided with transparent observation board 22, through setting up transparent observation board 22 to make the staff can observe mixing state and crushing state through transparent observation board 22, the fixed propelling movement frame 23 that is provided with in below of 2 rear end faces of fixing base, base 1's lower terminal surface fixed mounting has universal wheel 24, and universal wheel 24 is provided with the several.
Further, the crushing and mixing step in step 1 is specifically:
step 1-1: firstly, moving the device to a working place, opening a cover plate 706, starting a control motor 126, driving a rotating shaft 122 to rotate by the control motor 126 through a first connecting gear 128 and a second connecting gear 129, driving a connecting shaft 15 above and below a mixing box 3 to rotate by the rotating shaft 122 through a control bevel gear 123 and a driven bevel gear 17 respectively, driving a first driving bevel gear 13 and a second driving bevel gear 21 to rotate by the connecting shaft 15 through a first bevel gear 16 respectively, so that a crushing rod 703 and a stirring rod 603 rotate simultaneously, then inserting the straws into the crushing chamber 5 through a feeding groove 705, crushing the straws by a crushing knife 704, staying the crushed straws below the crushing chamber 5, and closing the cover plate 706 after quantitatively crushing the straws;
step 1-2: the servo motor 11 is started, the servo motor 11 drives the rotating shaft 9 to rotate, the rotating shaft 9 drives the mixing box 3 to rotate, so that the mixing box 3 rotates to enable the crushed straws to roll in the crushing chamber 5, and the crushed straws can be uniformly crushed by the crushing knife 704 while rolling;
step 1-3: observing the crushing state of the straws in the crushing chamber 5 through the transparent observation plate 22, closing the control motor 126 and the servo motor 11 after the size of the crushed straws reaches the standard, enabling the mixing chamber 4 to be positioned below the crushing chamber 5, detaching the sealing plate 20 through screws, drawing out the baffle plate 19 without the blocking of the baffle plate 19, enabling the crushed straws in the crushing chamber 5 to enter the mixing chamber 4, inserting the baffle plate 19 after the crushed straws enter the mixing chamber 4, fixing the sealing plate 20, enabling the baffle plate 19 to continuously separate the mixing chamber 4 from the crushing chamber 5, adding silt into the mixing chamber 4 through the feeding pipe 605, closing the sealing cover 25 after the feeding is finished, continuously starting the control motor 126 and the servo motor 11, thereby rotating the mixing box 3, simultaneously driving the stirring rod 603 to drive the stirring wheel 604 to rotate, and enabling the silt and the straws in the mixing chamber 4 to roll, the silt and the straw are stirred by the stirring wheel 604 while rolling, and after the stirring and mixing are finished, the mixed material is pumped out through the discharge pipe 606.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing organic fertilizer by carbonizing biological straws under low-temperature oxygen control is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing sludge, straws, livestock manure, humic acid and microbial inoculum, drying the straws in the sun, crushing the straws by a crushing mechanism (7) in a mixing device, adding the sludge into the mixing device, and stirring and mixing the sludge and the crushed straws by a mixing mechanism (6) in the mixing device to obtain a mixed material;
wherein the mixing device comprises:
the automatic mixing device comprises a base (1), wherein a fixing seat (2) is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the upper end face of the base (1), a mixing box (3) is arranged at the front end of the fixing seat (2), a mixing chamber (4) is arranged above the interior of the mixing box (3), a crushing chamber (5) is arranged below the interior of the mixing box (3), a mixing mechanism (6) is arranged inside the mixing chamber (4), a crushing mechanism (7) is arranged inside the crushing chamber (5), a connecting plate (8) is fixedly arranged at the rear end face of the mixing box (3), a rotating shaft (9) is fixedly arranged at the rear end face of the connecting plate (8), the other end of the rotating shaft (9) is rotatably connected with the fixing seat (2) through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft (9) extends to the rear end of the fixing seat (2), a motor seat (10) is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the fixing seat (2), a servo motor (11) is fixedly mounted above the motor base (10), the output end of the servo motor (11) is fixedly connected with one end, located at the rear end of the fixed base (2), of the rotating shaft (9) through a coupler, and a control mechanism (12) is arranged on one side of the mixing box (3);
and 2, step: drying the mixed material through drying equipment to ensure that the moisture in the mixed material is reduced to 30-40%;
and step 3: adding the dried mixed material into carbonization equipment, introducing oxygen, raising the temperature to carry out carbonization treatment, wherein the set temperature of the carbonization equipment is not more than 350 ℃, cooling the mixed material after carbonization to reduce the temperature to 30-40 ℃, and cooling to obtain the carbon fertilizer;
and 4, step 4: mixing and stirring the carbon fertilizer, the livestock manure and the microbial inoculum, and then composting and fermenting the mixture in a fermentation pile at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ to obtain the carbonized organic fertilizer.
2. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by carbonizing the biological straws at the low temperature and controlling the oxygen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 1, the ratio of the straws to the livestock manure is 1:1, the ratio of the sludge to the straws is 2:1, the ratio of the straws to the humic acid is 2:1, and the ratio of the livestock manure to the microbial inoculum is 3: 1.
3. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by carbonizing the biological straws at the low temperature and controlling the oxygen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the height of the fermentation pile in the step 4 is 1.2-1.5m, the width is 2-2.5m, the length is more than 2m, the fermentation starting temperature is 15-20 ℃, the temperature of the fermentation pile is increased to more than 60 ℃ in the fermentation process, pile turning is required, the pile turning frequency of the fermentation pile is more than 3 times, the temperature is required to be controlled to 60-65 ℃, and the fermentation days are 15-20 days.
4. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by carbonizing the biological straws at the low temperature and controlling the oxygen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mixing mechanism (6) is composed of four first fixing rods (601), four first connecting blocks (602), four stirring rods (603), a stirring wheel (604), a feeding pipe (605) and a discharging pipe (606), wherein the four first fixing rods (601) are all positioned below the interior of the mixing chamber (4), one ends of the first fixing rods (601) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the mixing chamber (4), the first connecting blocks (602) are positioned between the other ends of the first fixing rods (601), the first connecting blocks (602) are fixedly connected with the other ends of the first fixing rods (601), the stirring rods (603) are positioned inside the mixing chamber (4), two ends of the stirring rods (603) are respectively rotatably connected with the first connecting blocks (602) and the inner wall above the mixing chamber (4) through bearings, the stirring wheels (604) are provided with a plurality of parts, and the stirring wheel (604) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring rod (603), the feeding pipe (605) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of one side of the mixing box (3), the discharging pipe (606) is fixedly connected above the feeding pipe (605), and the discharging pipe (606) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of one side of the mixing box (3).
5. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by carbonizing the biological straws at the low temperature and controlling the oxygen according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the discharging pipe (606) and the feeding pipe (605) are communicated with the interior of the mixing chamber (4), one end of the discharging pipe (606) and one end of the feeding pipe (605) are in threaded connection with a sealing cover (25), one end of the stirring rod (603) extends to the upper part of the mixing box (3), one end of the stirring rod (603) positioned above the mixing box (3) is fixedly connected with a first driving bevel gear (13), two sides of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the mixing box (3) are respectively and fixedly provided with a supporting plate (14), a connecting shaft (15) is arranged between the supporting plates (14), two ends of the connecting shaft (15) are respectively and rotatably connected with the supporting plates (14) through bearings, one end of the connecting shaft (15) extends to one side of the supporting plates (14), the outer wall of the connecting shaft (15) is fixedly sleeved with a first bevel gear (16), and the first bevel gear (16) is positioned between the supporting plates (14), a first bevel gear (16) above the mixing box (3) is in meshed connection with a first driving bevel gear (13), and a driven bevel gear (17) is fixedly arranged on one side, located on the supporting plate (14), of the connecting shaft (15).
6. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by carbonizing the biological straws at the low temperature and controlling the oxygen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the crushing mechanism (7) consists of four second fixing rods (701), four crushing rods (703), four crushing knives (704), a feeding groove (705) and a cover plate (706), one end of each second fixing rod (701) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the crushing chamber (5), the second connecting block (702) is positioned between the other ends of the second fixing rods (701), the second connecting blocks (702) are fixedly connected with the other ends of the second fixing rods (701), the crushing rods (703) are positioned in the crushing chamber (5), the two ends of each crushing rod (703) are respectively and rotatably connected with the inner walls below the second connecting blocks (702) and the crushing chamber (5) through bearings, the crushing knives (704) are provided with a plurality of parts, and the crushing knives (704) are fixedly sleeved outside the crushing rods (703), the feeding groove (705) is arranged above the inner wall of one side of the crushing chamber (5), and the cover plate (706) is arranged on one side of the feeding groove (705).
7. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by carbonizing the biological straw through low-temperature oxygen control according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: an inserting groove (18) is formed in the outer wall of one side of the mixing box (3), a baffle (19) is inserted into the inserting groove (18), the front end face, the rear end face and one side end face of the baffle (19) are respectively attached to the inner wall of the front end, the inner wall of the rear end and the inner wall of one side of the mixing box (3), the baffle (19) is located between the first connecting block (602) and the second connecting block (702), a sealing plate (20) is fixedly arranged on the end face of one side of the baffle (19), the end face of one side of the sealing plate (20) is attached to the outer wall of one side of the mixing box (3), the sealing plate (20) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of one side of the mixing box (3) through screws, one end of the crushing rod (703) extends to the lower portion of the mixing box (3), and a second driving bevel gear (21) is fixedly arranged at the end of the crushing rod (703) located below the mixing box (3), and the second driving bevel gear (21) is in meshed connection with the first bevel gear (16).
8. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by carbonizing the biological straws at the low temperature and controlling the oxygen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the control mechanism (12) is composed of a fixing plate (121), a rotating shaft (122), control bevel gears (123), two supporting rods (124), a mounting plate (125), a control motor (126), a battery jar (127), a first connecting gear (128) and a second connecting gear (129), the fixing plate (121) is provided with two fixing plates (121), the two fixing plates (121) are respectively and fixedly connected above and below the end surface of one side of the mixing box (3), the rotating shaft (122) is positioned between the fixing plates (121), two ends of the rotating shaft (122) are respectively and rotatably connected with the fixing plates (121) through bearings, two ends of the rotating shaft (122) respectively extend to the upper part and the lower part of one side of the mixing box (3), the two control bevel gears (123) are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the rotating shaft (122), and the control bevel gears (123) are meshed with the driven bevel gears (17), bracing piece (124) are provided with two, two the below of the equal fixed connection of bracing piece (124) at mixing box (3) a side end face, and bracing piece (124) are located the front end and the rear end of rotation axis (122) respectively, mounting panel (125) fixed connection is in one side of bracing piece (124), control motor (126) fixed mounting is at the front end of mounting panel (125) up end, storage battery (127) fixed mounting is at the rear end of mounting panel (125) up end, and storage battery (127) and control motor (126) pass through wire electric connection, first connecting gear (128) fixed connection is at the output of control motor (126), second connecting gear (129) are fixed cup joints the outer wall in rotation axis (122), and second connecting gear (129) are connected with first connecting gear (128) meshing.
9. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by carbonizing the biological straws at the low temperature and controlling the oxygen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: smash room (5) and mixing chamber (4) front end outer wall's inside and all fixedly be provided with transparent observation board (22), the fixed propelling movement frame (23) that is provided with in below of fixing base (2) rear end face, the lower terminal surface fixed mounting of base (1) has universal wheel (24), and universal wheel (24) are provided with the several.
10. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by carbonizing the biological straws at the low temperature and controlling the oxygen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the crushing and mixing step in the step 1 is specifically as follows:
step 1-1: firstly, the device is moved to a working place, a cover plate (706) is opened, a control motor (126) is started, the control motor (126) drives a rotating shaft (122) to rotate through a first connecting gear (128) and a second connecting gear (129), the rotating shaft (122) drives a connecting shaft (15) above and below a mixing box (3) to rotate through a control bevel gear (123) and a driven bevel gear (17) respectively, the connecting shaft (15) drives a first driving bevel gear (13) and a second driving bevel gear (21) to rotate through a first bevel gear (16) respectively, so that a crushing rod (703) and a stirring rod (603) rotate simultaneously, then the straws are inserted into a crushing chamber (5) through a feeding groove (705), a crushing cutter (704) crushes the straws, the crushed straws are retained below the crushing chamber (5), and after quantitative crushing is finished, a closing flap (706);
step 1-2: the method comprises the following steps that a servo motor (11) is started, the servo motor (11) drives a rotating shaft (9) to rotate, the rotating shaft (9) drives a mixing box (3) to rotate, so that the mixing box (3) rotates to enable crushed straws to roll in a crushing chamber (5), and the crushed straws can be uniformly crushed by a crushing cutter (704) while rolling;
step 1-3: observing the crushing state of the straws in the crushing chamber (5) through a transparent observation plate (22), closing a control motor (126) and a servo motor (11) after the size of the crushed straws reaches the standard, enabling the mixing chamber (4) to be positioned below the crushing chamber (5), detaching a sealing plate (20) through screws, drawing out a baffle plate (19), not blocking the baffle plate (19), enabling the crushed straws in the crushing chamber (5) to enter the mixing chamber (4), inserting the baffle plate (19) after the crushed straws enter the mixing chamber (4), fixing the sealing plate (20), enabling the baffle plate (19) to continuously separate the mixing chamber (4) from the crushing chamber (5), adding silt into the mixing chamber (4) through a feeding pipe (605), closing a sealing cover (25) after the feeding is finished, and continuously starting the control motor (126) and the servo motor (11), thereby mixing box (3) rotate, and puddler (603) drive stirring wheel (604) simultaneously and rotate to mixing box (3) rotate and make inside silt and the straw of mixing chamber (4) roll, and silt and straw are stirred by stirring wheel (604) when rolling, after the stirring is mixed and is accomplished, take mixed material out through discharging pipe (606).
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Application publication date: 20220510 |