CN114448210A - Dynamic voltage-sharing circuit of thyristor series high-voltage direct-current path and design method - Google Patents
Dynamic voltage-sharing circuit of thyristor series high-voltage direct-current path and design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114448210A CN114448210A CN202210121543.3A CN202210121543A CN114448210A CN 114448210 A CN114448210 A CN 114448210A CN 202210121543 A CN202210121543 A CN 202210121543A CN 114448210 A CN114448210 A CN 114448210A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/06—Circuits specially adapted for rendering non-conductive gas discharge tubes or equivalent semiconductor devices, e.g. thyratrons, thyristors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic voltage-sharing circuit with thyristors connected in series with a high-voltage direct-current path and a design method thereof, wherein the dynamic voltage-sharing circuit comprises a high-voltage direct-current power supply module, a driving module, a plurality of thyristors, a plurality of RCD voltage-sharing modules and a plurality of static voltage-sharing resistors; the high-voltage direct-current power supply is connected with a plurality of thyristors in series, the driving module controls the connection state of the thyristors, each thyristor is respectively connected with an RCD voltage-sharing module and a static voltage-sharing resistor in parallel, the RCD voltage-sharing modules are sequentially connected in series, and the static voltage-sharing resistors are sequentially connected in series; the RCD voltage-sharing module comprises a dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor, a dynamic voltage-sharing resistor and two fast recovery diodes, wherein the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor is connected with the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor in series, and the two fast recovery diodes are arranged at two ends of the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor in an anti-parallel mode. The invention relates to the field of electronic engineering, and compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: high dynamic response frequency and good absorption effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electronic engineering, in particular to a dynamic voltage-sharing circuit with a thyristor connected in series with a high-voltage direct-current path and a design method.
Background
Thyristor (Thyristor) is called silicon controlled rectifier for short, and is a switching element, which can work under high voltage and large current, and its working process can be controlled, and can be extensively used in electronic circuits of controllable rectification, ac voltage regulation, contactless electronic switch, inversion and frequency conversion, etc., and is a typical small current control large current equipment.
Because the voltage-resistant grade of a single thyristor is limited, in order to meet the application requirement of a high-voltage occasion, the voltage-resistant capability needs to be improved by adopting a mode of connecting a plurality of thyristors in series. When thyristors are connected in series, the design of the thyristor series voltage-sharing circuit is very important because the characteristics (static characteristics-dynamic characteristics and the like) of each thyristor and a trigger circuit are inevitably different.
The traditional dynamic voltage-sharing mode usually adopts a mode of connecting RC in series and connecting a thyristor in parallel to realize dynamic voltage sharing, and along with the appearance and application of a high-frequency thyristor, the traditional voltage-sharing mode is not suitable for high-frequency voltage sharing any more. Therefore, the inventor provides a circuit for realizing dynamic voltage balancing on a plurality of series thyristors by using an RCD voltage-sharing network and a design method of the circuit, so as to meet the requirement of dynamic voltage balancing of high-frequency thyristors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provides a dynamic voltage-sharing circuit of a thyristor series high-voltage direct-current path with high dynamic response frequency and good absorption effect and a design method thereof.
The first aspect of the application provides a dynamic voltage-sharing circuit with thyristors connected in series with a high-voltage direct-current path, which comprises a high-voltage direct-current power supply module, a driving module, a plurality of thyristors, a plurality of RCD voltage-sharing modules and a plurality of static voltage-sharing resistors;
the high-voltage direct-current power supply is connected with a plurality of thyristors in series, the driving module controls the connection states of the thyristors, each thyristor is respectively connected with an RCD voltage-sharing module and a static voltage-sharing resistor in parallel, the RCD voltage-sharing modules are sequentially connected in series, and the static voltage-sharing resistors are sequentially connected in series;
the RCD voltage-sharing module comprises a dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor, a dynamic voltage-sharing resistor and two fast recovery diodes, wherein the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor is connected with the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor in series, and the two fast recovery diodes are arranged at two ends of the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor in an anti-parallel mode.
Preferably, the high-voltage direct-current power supply module outputs 10-20kv direct current, and the anode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply module is connected with the anode of the thyristor, and the cathode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply module is connected with the cathode of the thyristor.
Preferably, the driving module includes a driving power supply, a high-voltage isolation pulse transformer and a transformer driving circuit, wherein the driving power supply is connected in series with the transformer driving circuit and the high-voltage isolation pulse transformer, the high-voltage isolation pulse transformer includes a single primary winding and a plurality of secondary windings, and the primary winding and the secondary windings are insulated from each other.
Preferably, the secondary windings are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the thyristors, and the positive electrodes of the secondary windings are connected with the gate electrodes and the negative electrodes of the thyristors corresponding to the secondary windings and are connected with the cathodes of the thyristors corresponding to the secondary windings.
Preferably, both ends of each secondary winding are further provided with TVS transient suppression diodes.
Preferably, the transformer driving circuit adopts a MOS forward circuit.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a design method for performing a test using a dynamic voltage-equalizing circuit of a thyristor series high-voltage dc path, including: selecting a dynamic voltage-sharing capacitance value, a dynamic voltage-sharing resistance value, resistance power and a rated current value of a fast recovery diode;
the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitance value is selected according to a formula:
in the formula QrFor reverse recovery of the charge of the thyristor, IRRFor reverse recovery current of the thyristor, tqIs the turn-off time of the thyristor, K is the number of thyristors in series, K is the ratio of the average value to the maximum value of the voltage borne by the thyristor, Δ QrIs the difference between the reverse recovery charges of the thyristor, UpA forward voltage applied across the thyristor;
the dynamic resistance value is 10-30 ohms, and the resistance power is selected according to a formula:
wherein f is the power frequency, C is the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitance, VDSMRepeating peak voltage for the thyristors, n being the number of thyristors in series;
the rated current of the fast recovery diode is equal to or more than 15A.
Preferably, the method further comprises selecting a static voltage-sharing resistance value according to a formula:
in the formula VDSMFor thyristor repetition of peak voltage, IDRMIs the thyristor peak leakage current.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: this scheme has adopted RCD developments voltage-sharing module and static voltage-sharing resistance to carry out the stability of thyristor jointly, RCD developments voltage-sharing module utilizes the voltage at electric capacity both ends can not the sudden change principle, cooperation developments voltage-sharing resistance, fast recovery diode restraines the high-frequency fluctuation voltage that the thyristor cut-off process arouses, the protection thyristor, and static voltage-sharing resistance can guarantee to ensure that the magnitude of voltage at every thyristor both ends is equal approximately when the thyristor is turn-off, just so can be when establishing ties and use the thyristor, very high dynamic response frequency and the undulant absorbing capacity of voltage have, and finally improve the life and the stability of thyristor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a dynamic voltage-sharing circuit of a thyristor series high-voltage direct current path of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of a dynamic voltage-equalizing circuit of a thyristor series high-voltage direct-current path according to the invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of waveforms generated by the present invention used as a switch in an oscillatory wave generator.
As shown in the figure: 1. the high-voltage direct-current power supply comprises a high-voltage direct-current power supply module, 2, a driving module, 21, a high-voltage isolation pulse transformer, 22, a primary winding, 23, a secondary winding, 24, a transformer driving circuit, 25, TVS transient suppression diodes, 26, a driving power supply, 3, thyristors, 4, an RCD voltage-sharing module, 41, a dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor, 42, a dynamic voltage-sharing resistor, 43, a fast recovery diode, 5, a static voltage-sharing resistor, 6, a current-limiting resistor, 7 and an energy-storage capacitor.
Detailed Description
The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the invention, which is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
In order to facilitate understanding of the present embodiment, a dynamic voltage equalizing circuit and a design method of a thyristor series high-voltage dc path adopted in the present invention during actual manufacturing process will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1-3, this embodiment proposes a high voltage dc circuit with three thyristors 3 connected in series and a method for designing the circuit, and detects the operating state thereof by means of an oscillator generator.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the dynamic voltage-sharing circuit with thyristors 3 connected in series with the high-voltage direct-current path includes a high-voltage direct-current power module 1, a driving module 2, three thyristors 3, three RCD voltage-sharing modules 4, and three static voltage-sharing resistors 5.
The high-voltage direct-current power supply adopts a 10kv direct-current power supply, and in the embodiment, in order to further simulate the real working condition, a current-limiting resistor 6 and a parallel energy-storage capacitor 7 are connected in series with the high-voltage direct-current power supply. For the high-voltage direct-current power supply, the high-voltage direct-current power supply outputs direct-current high voltage, but the output current is small, the total power is low, and the thyristor 3 can be controlled to be conducted intermittently to form a pulse signal with a transient high amplitude. Therefore, in practical environment, the energy storage capacitor 7 is usually added at the back end to realize transient high-power signal output. The current limiting resistor 6 is used for limiting the current of the high-voltage loop, protecting the high-voltage direct-current power supply and charging the energy storage capacitor 7. The energy storage capacitor 7 can store energy and instantly release the energy to form a high-power pulse wave after the thyristor 3 is conducted.
And the three thyristors 3 are used as controlled switches in the direct-current high-voltage loop and are connected in series by the high-voltage direct-current power supply, the anode is connected with the anode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply, and the cathode is connected with the cathode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply. The thyristor 3 therefore has a gate which is used to control the off-state.
The driving module 2 is a module for synchronously controlling the on/off of the thyristor 3, and includes a driving power supply 26, a high-voltage isolation pulse transformer 21, and a transformer driving circuit 24. The driving power source 26 may be a 5v low voltage power source, and is connected in series with the transformer driving circuit 24 and the high voltage isolation pulse transformer 21. The transformer driving circuit 24 uses a large-current MOS forward circuit, has large output current and high frequency, realizes strong trigger on the thyristor 3 after signal conversion of the high-frequency pulse transformer, reduces the influence caused by inconsistent parameters of the thyristor 3, and reduces the damage risk of the thyristor 3. The high-voltage isolation pulse transformer 21 comprises a single primary winding 22 and three secondary windings 23, can control the on-off of a plurality of thyristors 3 at the same time, and has good synchronous triggering consistency. And the primary winding 22 and the secondary winding 23 are insulated, the isolation degree is high, and the high-frequency trigger circuit has the characteristics that the rising time is less than 1us, and the high-frequency trigger circuit is suitable for high-frequency triggering. The three secondary windings 23 and the three thyristors 3 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the positive electrodes of the secondary windings 23 are connected with the gate electrodes and the negative electrodes of the corresponding thyristors 3 and are connected with the cathodes of the corresponding thyristors 3, so that the control circuit of the thyristors 3 is realized.
Finally, TVS transient suppression diodes 25 are arranged at two ends of each secondary winding 23, so that peak voltage generated by the secondary of the transformer and equivalent inductive parameters can be suppressed, and the thyristor 3 is protected in the control circuit.
For the thyristor 3 arranged in series, the thyristor has the characteristics of large conduction current, low single-tube working voltage, unstable dynamic parameters and the like, so that dynamic voltage equalization is required to be adopted for protection when the thyristor is used in series. In the scheme, the RCD voltage-sharing module 4 and the static voltage-sharing resistor 5 are used for protecting the voltage-sharing module.
Specifically, the RCD voltage equalizing module 4 includes a dynamic voltage equalizing capacitor 41, a dynamic voltage equalizing resistor 42, and two fast recovery diodes 43. The connection structure is that the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor 41 and the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor 42 are connected in series, the thyristor 3 is connected in parallel end to end, and the fast recovery diode 43 is arranged at two ends of the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor 42 in an anti-parallel manner. In the whole direct current loop, the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitors 41 and the dynamic voltage-sharing resistors 42 of the three RCD voltage-sharing modules 4 are sequentially connected in series. The dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor 41 utilizes the principle that the voltage at the two ends of the capacitor cannot change suddenly, and cooperates with the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor 42 and the fast recovery diode 43 to suppress the high-frequency fluctuation voltage caused by the on-off process of the thyristor 3, so as to protect the thyristor 3. The dynamic voltage-sharing resistor 42 is an energy-consuming element, and the energy absorbed by the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor 41 is converted into heat energy by the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor 42 to be released, so that transient overvoltage caused by leakage inductance and circuit equivalent parameters in the process of switching on and off the thyristor 3 is suppressed, and the thyristor 3 is prevented from being damaged. The fast recovery diode 43 has fast conduction speed and short reverse recovery time, and provides a fast release channel for high-frequency fluctuation voltage generated by the on-off of the thyristor 3 by matching with the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor 42 and the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor 41, thereby realizing high-frequency dynamic voltage sharing. It can be seen that the high-frequency fluctuation voltage in the whole high-voltage direct-current circuit can be reasonably released through the RCD voltage-sharing module 4, so that the thyristor 3 can be protected when being connected in series.
The static voltage-sharing resistors 5 are also connected in parallel at two ends of the thyristor 3, and a plurality of static voltage-sharing resistors 5 are connected in series in the whole direct-current high-voltage loop. The static voltage equalizing resistor 5 must be applied in the high voltage dc path in series with the thyristors 3 to ensure that the voltage values across each thyristor 3 are approximately equal when the thyristors 3 are off.
The present application also provides, for this embodiment, a method of designing such a circuit, comprising: and selecting a dynamic voltage-sharing capacitance value, a dynamic voltage-sharing resistance value, resistance power, a rated current value of the fast recovery diode and a static voltage-sharing resistance value.
The technical parameters are important technical indexes for constructing the voltage-sharing circuit, and the reasonable voltage-sharing circuit can be constructed by obtaining the technical indexes in cooperation with a circuit diagram and the used thyristor parameters. The dynamic voltage-sharing capacitance value is selected according to a formula:
in the formula QrFor reverse recovery of the charge of the thyristor, IRRFor reverse recovery current of the thyristor, tqIs the turn-off time of the thyristor, K is the number of thyristors in series, K is the ratio of the average value to the maximum value of the voltage borne by the thyristor, Δ QrIs the difference between the reverse recovery charges of the thyristor, UpA forward voltage applied across the thyristor;
the dynamic resistance value is 10-30 ohms, and the resistance power is selected according to a formula:
wherein f is the power frequency, C is the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitance, VDSMRepeating peak voltage for the thyristors, n being the number of thyristors in series;
the fast recovery diode may be selected from a diode having a rated current of 15A, a voltage of 1200V and a model number of RHR 15120.
The static voltage-sharing resistance value is selected according to a formula:
in the formula VDSMFor thyristor repetition of peak voltage, IDRMIs the thyristor peak leakage current.
Finally, as shown in fig. 3, the circuit is connected to an oscillatory wave generator, by which the ability of the circuit to repeatedly attenuate oscillatory waves occurring at high voltages under operating conditions is tested. In the experimental process, the thyristor plays a switching role, so that the oscillation wave can be seen to generate huge amplitude at the moment of switching on and off, but can be rapidly attenuated along with time, and therefore, the RCD uniform network can play a role in high-frequency response and full absorption of high-voltage fluctuation on a circuit in the form of a series thyristor, and the stability and safety of the use of the thyristor can be ensured.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the invention, to which the actual structure is not limited. In summary, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A dynamic voltage-sharing circuit of a thyristor series high-voltage direct-current path is characterized in that: the high-voltage direct-current power supply comprises a high-voltage direct-current power supply module (1), a driving module (2), a plurality of thyristors (3), a plurality of RCD voltage-sharing modules (4) and a plurality of static voltage-sharing resistors (5);
the high-voltage direct-current power supply is connected with a plurality of thyristors (3) in series, the driving module (2) controls the connection state of the thyristors (3), each thyristor (3) is respectively connected with an RCD voltage-sharing module (4) and a static voltage-sharing resistor (5) in parallel, the RCD voltage-sharing modules (4) are connected in series in sequence, and the static voltage-sharing resistors (5) are connected in series in sequence;
the RCD voltage-sharing module (4) comprises a dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor (41), a dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (42) and two fast recovery diodes (43), wherein the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor (41) is connected with the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (42) in series, and the two fast recovery diodes (43) are arranged at two ends of the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (42) in an anti-parallel mode.
2. The dynamic voltage equalizing circuit of claim 1, wherein the thyristor is connected in series with the HVDC path, and the dynamic voltage equalizing circuit comprises: the high-voltage direct-current power supply module (1) outputs 10-20kv direct current, the anode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply module is connected with the anode of the thyristor (3), and the cathode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply module is connected with the cathode of the thyristor (3).
3. The dynamic voltage equalizing circuit of claim 1, wherein the thyristor is connected in series with the HVDC path, and the dynamic voltage equalizing circuit comprises: the driving module (2) comprises a driving power supply (26), a high-voltage isolation pulse transformer (21) and a transformer driving circuit (24), wherein the driving power supply (26) is connected with the transformer driving circuit (24) and the high-voltage isolation pulse transformer (21) in series, the high-voltage isolation pulse transformer (21) comprises a single primary winding (22) and a plurality of secondary windings (23), and the primary winding (22) and the secondary windings (23) are insulated.
4. The dynamic voltage equalizing circuit of claim 3, wherein the thyristor is connected in series with the HVDC path, and the dynamic voltage equalizing circuit comprises: the secondary windings (23) are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the thyristors (3), so that the positive electrodes of the secondary windings (23) are connected with the gate electrodes and the negative electrodes of the corresponding thyristors (3) and are connected with the negative electrodes of the corresponding thyristors (3).
5. The dynamic voltage equalizing circuit of claim 3 or 4, wherein the dynamic voltage equalizing circuit comprises: and both ends of each secondary winding (23) are also provided with TVS transient suppression diodes (25).
6. The dynamic voltage equalizing circuit of claim 3 or 4, wherein the dynamic voltage equalizing circuit comprises: the transformer driving circuit (24) adopts a MOS forward circuit.
7. A method for designing a dynamic equalizer circuit for a thyristor series high voltage dc path according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized by: selecting a dynamic voltage-sharing capacitance value, a dynamic voltage-sharing resistance value, resistance power and a rated current value of a fast recovery diode;
the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitance value is selected according to a formula:
in the formula QrFor reverse recovery of the charge of the thyristor, IRRFor reverse recovery of current for thyristors，tqThe turn-off time of the thyristor, K is the number of thyristors in series, K is the ratio of the average value to the maximum value of the voltage borne by the thyristors, and Δ QrIs the difference between the reverse recovery charges of the thyristor, UpA forward voltage applied across the thyristor;
the dynamic resistance value is 10-30 ohms, and the resistance power is selected according to a formula:
wherein f is the power frequency, C is the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitance, VDSMRepeating peak voltage for the thyristors, n being the number of thyristors in series;
the rated current of the fast recovery diode is equal to or more than 15A.
8. The method for designing the dynamic voltage-sharing circuit of the thyristor series high-voltage direct-current path according to claim 7, is characterized in that: still include and select static voltage-sharing resistance value, the selection of static voltage-sharing resistance value is according to the formula:
in the formula VDSMFor thyristor repetition of peak voltage, IDRMIs the thyristor peak leakage current.
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| CN202210121543.3A CN114448210A (en) | 2022-02-09 | 2022-02-09 | Dynamic voltage-sharing circuit of thyristor series high-voltage direct-current path and design method |
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| CN202210121543.3A CN114448210A (en) | 2022-02-09 | 2022-02-09 | Dynamic voltage-sharing circuit of thyristor series high-voltage direct-current path and design method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116780867A (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-09-19 | 石家庄金硕电子科技有限公司 | Multi-output direct-current isolation silicon controlled rectifier driving circuit |
| CN117458849A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-01-26 | 国网经济技术研究院有限公司 | Flexible direct current converter valve submodule topological structure and parameter design method thereof |
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2022
- 2022-02-09 CN CN202210121543.3A patent/CN114448210A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116780867A (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-09-19 | 石家庄金硕电子科技有限公司 | Multi-output direct-current isolation silicon controlled rectifier driving circuit |
| CN117458849A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-01-26 | 国网经济技术研究院有限公司 | Flexible direct current converter valve submodule topological structure and parameter design method thereof |
| CN117458849B (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-04-16 | 国网经济技术研究院有限公司 | Flexible direct current converter valve submodule topological structure and parameter design method thereof |
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