CN114438556A - Method for electroplating low-roughness Ra-value alkali copper on surface of rare earth permanent magnet material - Google Patents
Method for electroplating low-roughness Ra-value alkali copper on surface of rare earth permanent magnet material Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electroplating processes, relates to a method for electroplating alkali copper on the surface of a rare earth permanent magnet material, and particularly relates to a method for electroplating alkali copper with a low roughness Ra value on the surface of a sintered neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. According to the method for electroplating the low-roughness Ra-value alkali copper on the surface of the rare earth permanent magnet material, the permanent magnet material is subjected to normal-temperature pre-copper plating under a strong complexing condition, so that the magnetic shielding effect of bottom-layer nickel is effectively reduced while the binding force of a plating layer is ensured; further, the electroplating alkali copper treatment is carried out on the basis of the pre-plating copper, and a smooth and compact copper layer is formed in a low current density area by using the alkali copper electroplating solution with high main salt concentration, so that the surface roughness Ra of the plating layer is greatly reduced, the performance of the permanent magnet material plating layer product is improved, and the application range of the product is expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electroplating processes, relates to a method for electroplating alkali copper on the surface of a rare earth permanent magnet material, and particularly relates to a method for electroplating alkali copper with a low roughness Ra value on the surface of a sintered neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
Background
Neodymium iron boron is used as a high-performance magnet and is widely applied to the high-tech fields of national defense and military, aerospace, intelligent communication, consumer electronics and the like. However, because of some characteristics of the ndfeb matrix itself, such as easy oxidation of the matrix, porous and loose base material, etc., it has been a difficult point to treat the surface of the ndfeb matrix. Particularly, with the development of portable and intelligent consumer electronics and the use of intelligent assembly lines, the demand for thin-plated ndfeb magnets (copper plating thickness less than 4.5 μm) and low roughness (Ra <0.20) is increasing rapidly, and the requirement for plating layers is increasing more and more.
However, in the conventional process product directly plating copper on the surface of the neodymium iron boron material, the thickness of the copper layer is mostly about 5-8 microns, and the roughness Ra value is higher than 0.40, which cannot meet the market demand, but the development of the neodymium iron boron magnet material product with the low roughness Ra value alkali copper plating layer in the market is not ideal. In view of the above, a method for electroplating low-roughness Ra value alkali copper on the surface of a rare earth permanent magnet material and a product thereof are developed, and the method has positive significance for popularization of neodymium iron boron magnet material products.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for electroplating an alkali copper plating layer with a low roughness Ra value on the surface of a rare earth permanent magnet material, so as to obtain an alkali copper plating layer product with a low surface roughness Ra value;
the second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a rare earth permanent magnetic material product with an alkali copper coating with low roughness Ra value.
In order to solve the technical problem, the method for electroplating the low-roughness Ra value alkali copper on the surface of the rare earth permanent magnet material comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: carrying out oil removal, acid washing and activation treatment on the permanent magnet material to be treated for later use;
(2) pre-copper plating and electroplating treatment: placing the treated permanent magnet material in a pre-plating copper solution containing alkali copper carbonate for pre-plating copper electroplating treatment;
(3) and (3) alkaline copper electroplating treatment: and (3) placing the permanent magnet material subjected to the pre-copper plating treatment in an alkali copper solution for alkali copper electroplating treatment to obtain the permanent magnet material.
Specifically, in the step (2), the copper pre-plating solution includes: 5-10g/L, HEDP 50-60g/L of basic copper carbonate, and the pH value is 9.0-10.0;
specifically, in the step (2), in the pre-copper plating electroplating treatment step, the current density is controlled to be 0.1-0.15A/dm2The rotary speed of the roller is 15-17r/min, the temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the electroplating time is 25-35 min.
Specifically, in the step (2), in the pre-copper plating electroplating treatment step, the thickness of the plating layer is controlled to be 0.3-0.9 μm.
Specifically, in the step (3), the alkali copper solution includes: 60-80g/L of basic copper carbonate, 400g/L of potassium citrate, 60-80ml/L of a jar opener, 0.8-1.2ml/L of a brightening agent and 10.0-11.0 of pH value.
Specifically, in the step (3), in the step of the alkali copper electroplating treatment, the current density is controlled to be 0.1-0.15A/dm2The rotary speed of the roller is 18-20r/min, the temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the electroplating time is 100-.
Specifically, in the step (3), in the step of alkali copper electroplating treatment, the thickness of the plating layer is controlled to be 3-4 μm.
Specifically, in the step (1):
the oil removing step comprises the step of soaking the permanent magnet material in an oil removing agent solution with the mass concentration of 1.0-1.5%; preferably, the temperature in the oil removing step is 55-65 ℃, and the oil removing agent is removed by washing after oil removal;
the step of pickling comprises the step of soaking the permanent magnet material in a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 1-2%; preferably, the acid washing step lasts for 80-120s, and the ultrasonic water washing treatment is carried out for 50-70s after acid washing;
the activation step comprises the step of soaking the permanent magnet material in a citric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20-40 g/L; preferably, the activation step is carried out for 15 to 25 seconds and sufficient water washing is carried out for 20 to 30 seconds.
The invention also discloses the rare earth permanent magnet material with the surface electroplated with the low-roughness Ra value alkali copper coating prepared by the method.
According to the method for electroplating the low-roughness Ra-value alkali copper on the surface of the rare earth permanent magnet material, the permanent magnet material is subjected to normal-temperature pre-copper plating under a strong complexing condition, so that the magnetic shielding effect of bottom-layer nickel is effectively reduced while the binding force of a plating layer is ensured; further, the electroplating alkali copper treatment is carried out on the basis of the pre-plating copper, and a smooth and compact copper layer is formed in a low current density area by using the alkali copper electroplating solution with high main salt concentration, so that the surface roughness Ra of the plating layer is greatly reduced, the performance of the permanent magnet material plating layer product is improved, and the application range of the product is expanded.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
In the method for electroplating the low-roughness Ra-value alkali copper plating layer on the surface of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, a permanent magnet with the material grade of 52SH is selected, the specification is 8 multiplied by 3 multiplied by 0.4mm, and the grinding chamfer angle is R0.1-0.2; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment
Oil removal: placing the permanent magnet in 761 metal degreasing agent solution with the mass concentration of 1.2 wt%, carrying out immersion degreasing treatment for 120s at the temperature of 60 ℃, and then fully cleaning for 60s by using hot water with the temperature of 60 ℃;
acid washing: placing the deoiled permanent magnet into a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 1.5 wt%, soaking at room temperature for 120s, then washing with flowing water for 20s, and performing ultrasonic washing for 60 s;
and (3) activation: placing the permanent magnet after acid washing in a citric acid solution with the concentration of 30g/L, soaking for 40s at room temperature, and then ultrasonically cleaning for 60s for later use;
(2) pre-copper plating
Placing the pretreated permanent magnet in a pre-copper plating tank, adding a pre-copper plating solution (6 g/L, HEDP 50g/L basic copper carbonate, pH 9.0), and controlling the plating current density at 0.10A/dm at 25 deg.C2Carrying out pre-copper plating treatment for 30min at the rotating speed of the plating roller of 16r/min to obtain a pre-copper plating layer with the thickness of 0.54 mu m;
(3) copper plating of basic copper carbonate salts
The permanent magnet after the pre-copper plating treatment is placed in an alkaline copper electroplating solution (65 g/L of basic copper carbonate, 360g/L, CS g of potassium citrate, 1.0ml/L, pH of a brightening agent of 70ml/L, CS-1, 10.0) and the electroplating current density is controlled to be 0.10A/dm at the temperature of 60 DEG C2Carrying out alkali copper electroplating treatment for 200min at the rotary speed of the roller of 20r/min, wherein the thickness of a copper layer obtained by electroplating is 3.8 mu m; and the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material with the surface electroplated with the low-roughness Ra value alkali copper coating is obtained.
Drying the finished product subjected to the alkali copper electroplating treatment for multiple times according to the method of the embodiment, and then carrying out a roughness Ra test, sampling 10pcs, and detecting that the roughness Ra value is in the range of 0.12-0.18; and analyzing the glossiness by using a glossiness instrument, sampling 10pcs, and detecting that the glossiness is 90-130 Gu.
Example 2
In the method for electroplating the low-roughness Ra-value alkali copper plating layer on the surface of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, a permanent magnet with the material grade of 52SH is selected, the specification is 8 multiplied by 3 multiplied by 0.4mm, and the grinding chamfer angle is R0.1-0.2; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment
Oil removal: placing the permanent magnet in 761 degreasing agent solution with the mass concentration of 1.2 wt%, carrying out immersion degreasing treatment for 120s at the temperature of 60 ℃, and then fully cleaning for 60s by using hot water with the temperature of 60 ℃;
acid washing: placing the deoiled permanent magnet into a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 1.5 wt%, soaking at room temperature for 120s, then washing with flowing water for 20s, and performing ultrasonic washing for 60 s;
and (3) activation: placing the permanent magnet after acid washing in a citric acid solution with the concentration of 30g/L, soaking for 40s at room temperature, and then ultrasonically cleaning for 60s for later use;
(2) pre-copper plating
Placing the pretreated permanent magnet in a pre-copper plating tank, adding a pre-copper plating solution (basic copper carbonate 8g/L, HEDP 55g/L, pH 9.5), and controlling the electroplating current density at 0.12A/dm at 25 deg.C2Carrying out pre-copper plating treatment for 30min at the rotating speed of the plating roller of 16r/min to obtain a pre-copper plating layer with the thickness of 0.65 mu m;
(3) copper plating of basic copper carbonate salts
The permanent magnet after the pre-copper plating treatment is placed in an alkaline copper electroplating solution (70 g/L of basic copper carbonate, 380g/L, CS g/65 ml/L, CS-1 of potassium citrate, 0.85ml/L, pH of brightening agent, 10.5) and the electroplating current density is controlled to be 0.12A/dm at the temperature of 60 DEG C2Carrying out alkali copper electroplating treatment for 160min at the rotary speed of the roller of 20r/min, wherein the thickness of a copper layer obtained by electroplating is 4.0 mu m; and the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material with the surface electroplated with the low-roughness Ra value alkali copper coating is obtained.
Drying a finished product obtained by carrying out alkali copper electroplating treatment for multiple times according to the method of the embodiment, and then carrying out a roughness Ra test, wherein a sample is taken for 10pcs, and the roughness Ra value is within the range of 0.13-0.185; and analyzing the glossiness by using a glossiness instrument, and sampling 10pcs to obtain the glossiness of 90-130 Gu.
Example 3
In the method for electroplating the low-roughness Ra-value alkali copper plating layer on the surface of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, a permanent magnet with the material grade of 52SH is selected, the specification is 8 multiplied by 3 multiplied by 0.4mm, and the grinding chamfer angle is R0.1-0.2; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment
Oil removal: placing the permanent magnet in 761 degreasing agent solution with the mass concentration of 1.2 wt%, carrying out immersion degreasing treatment for 120s at the temperature of 60 ℃, and then fully cleaning for 60s by using hot water with the temperature of 60 ℃;
acid washing: placing the deoiled permanent magnet into a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 1.5 wt%, soaking at room temperature for 120s, then washing with flowing water for 20s, and performing ultrasonic washing for 60 s;
and (3) activation: placing the permanent magnet after acid washing in a citric acid solution with the concentration of 30g/L, soaking for 40s at room temperature, and then ultrasonically cleaning for 60s for later use;
(2) pre-copper plating
Placing the pretreated permanent magnet in a pre-copper plating tank, adding a pre-copper plating solution (basic copper carbonate 10g/L, HEDP 60g/L, pH 10.0), and controlling the electroplating current density at 0.15A/dm at 25 deg.C2Carrying out pre-copper plating treatment for 30min at the rotating speed of the plating roller of 16r/min to obtain a pre-copper plating layer with the thickness of 0.79 mu m;
(3) copper plating of basic copper carbonate salts
The permanent magnet after the pre-copper plating treatment is placed in an alkaline copper electroplating solution (80 g/L of basic copper carbonate, 400g/L, CS g of potassium citrate, and 80ml/L, CS-1 of a cylinder opener, 1.2ml/L, pH-11.0), and the electroplating current density is controlled to be 0.15A/dm at the temperature of 60 DEG C2Carrying out alkali copper electroplating treatment for 120min at the rotary speed of the roller of 20r/min to obtain a copper layer with the thickness of 3.5 mu m; and the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material with the surface electroplated with the low-roughness Ra value alkali copper coating is obtained.
Drying a finished product obtained by carrying out alkali copper electroplating treatment for multiple times according to the method of the embodiment, and then carrying out a roughness Ra test, wherein a sample is taken for 10pcs, and the roughness Ra value is within the range of 0.14-0.195; and analyzing the glossiness by using a glossiness instrument, and sampling 10pcs to obtain the glossiness of 90-130 Gu.
Example 4
In the method for electroplating the low-roughness Ra-value alkali copper plating layer on the surface of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, a permanent magnet with the material grade of 52SH is selected, the specification is 8 multiplied by 3 multiplied by 0.4mm, and the grinding chamfer angle is R0.1-0.2; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment
Oil removal: placing the permanent magnet in 761 degreasing agent solution with the mass concentration of 1.0 wt%, carrying out immersion degreasing treatment at the temperature of 65 ℃ for 120s, and then fully cleaning with 65 ℃ hot water for 60 s;
acid washing: placing the deoiled permanent magnet into a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 1 wt%, soaking at room temperature for 120s, then washing with flowing water for 20s, and performing ultrasonic washing for 60 s;
activation: placing the permanent magnet after acid washing in a citric acid solution with the concentration of 20g/L, soaking for 40s at room temperature, and then ultrasonically cleaning for 60s for later use;
(2) pre-copper plating
Placing the pretreated permanent magnet in a pre-copper plating tank, adding a pre-copper plating solution (basic copper carbonate 10g/L, HEDP 50g/L, pH 9.5), and controlling the electroplating current density at 0.12A/dm at 20 deg.C2Carrying out pre-copper plating for 30min at the rotating speed of the electroplating roller of 15 r/min;
(3) copper plating of basic copper carbonate salts
The permanent magnet after the pre-copper plating treatment is placed in an alkaline copper electroplating solution (60 g/L of basic copper carbonate, 350g/L, CS g of potassium citrate and 60ml/L, CS-1 of a cylinder opening agent, 0.8ml/L, pH ═ 10.5), and the electroplating current density is controlled to be 0.12A/dm at the temperature of 55 DEG C2And (4) carrying out alkali copper electroplating treatment for 150min at the rotating speed of the roller of 18r/min to obtain the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material with the surface electroplated with the low-roughness Ra value alkali copper plating layer.
Example 5
In the method for electroplating the low-roughness Ra-value alkali copper plating layer on the surface of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, a permanent magnet with the material grade of 52SH is selected, the specification is 8 multiplied by 3 multiplied by 0.4mm, and the grinding chamfer angle is R0.1-0.2; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment
Oil removal: placing the permanent magnet in 761 degreasing agent solution with the mass concentration of 1.5 wt%, carrying out immersion degreasing treatment at the temperature of 55 ℃ for 120s, and then fully cleaning with hot water at the temperature of 55 ℃ for 60 s;
acid washing: placing the deoiled permanent magnet in a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 2 wt%, soaking for 120s at room temperature, then washing with flowing water for 20s, and performing ultrasonic washing for 60 s;
and (3) activation: placing the permanent magnet after acid washing in a citric acid solution with the concentration of 40g/L, soaking for 40s at room temperature, and then ultrasonically cleaning for 60s for later use;
(2) pre-copper plating
Placing the pretreated permanent magnet in a pre-copper plating tank, adding a pre-copper plating solution (basic copper carbonate 8g/L, HEDP 55g/L, pH 9.5), and controlling the electroplating current density at 0.12A/dm at 30 deg.C2Carrying out copper pre-plating treatment for 30min at the rotating speed of the plating roller of 17 r/min;
(3) copper plating of basic copper carbonate salts
The permanent magnet after the pre-copper plating treatment is placed in an alkaline copper electroplating solution (75 g/L of basic copper carbonate, 380g/L, CS g of potassium citrate, and 75ml/L, CS-1 of a cylinder opener, 1.0ml/L, pH-10.5), and the electroplating current density is controlled to be 0.12A/dm at the temperature of 65 DEG C2And the rotating speed of the roller is 19r/min, and the alkali copper electroplating treatment is carried out for 100min, so that the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material with the surface electroplated with the alkali copper plating layer with the low roughness Ra value is obtained.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example selects copper-plated products directly purchased in the market, and the comparative example 1 omits the pre-copper plating process compared with the example 1, the thickness of the plating layer of the product is 5-8 microns, the roughness Ra of the product is detected to be 0.4-0.6, and the glossiness is detected to be 20-60 GU.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example selects the nickel-copper electroplating product directly purchased in the market, the bottom nickel plating thickness of the product is 3-4 micrometers, the copper plating thickness is 3-4 micrometers, the roughness Ra is detected to be 0.25-0.4, and the glossiness is detected to be 50-90 GU.
Comparative example 3
The method for electroplating the alkali copper coating on the surface of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material selects a permanent magnet with the material grade of 52SH, the specification is 8 multiplied by 3 multiplied by 0.4mm, and the grinding chamfer angle is R0.1-0.2; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment
Oil removal: placing the permanent magnet in 761 degreasing agent solution with the mass concentration of 1.5 wt%, carrying out immersion degreasing treatment at the temperature of 55 ℃ for 120s, and then fully cleaning with hot water at the temperature of 55 ℃ for 60 s;
acid washing: placing the deoiled permanent magnet into a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 2 wt%, soaking at room temperature for 120s, then washing with flowing water for 20s, and performing ultrasonic washing for 60 s;
and (3) activation: placing the permanent magnet after acid washing in a citric acid solution with the concentration of 40g/L, soaking for 40s at room temperature, and then ultrasonically cleaning for 60s for later use;
(2) pre-copper plating
Placing the pretreated permanent magnet in a pre-copper plating tank, adding a pre-copper plating solution (basic copper carbonate 8g/L, HEDP 55g/L, pH 9.5), and controlling the electroplating current density at 0.12A/dm at 30 deg.C2Carrying out copper pre-plating treatment for 30min at the rotating speed of the plating roller of 17 r/min;
(3) copper plating of basic copper carbonate salts
Placing the permanent magnet after the pre-copper plating treatment in an alkaline copper electroplating solution (75 g/L of basic copper carbonate and 380g/L, CS g of potassium citrate, and a jar opener 75ml/L, CS-1 of a brightener 1ml/L, pH-10.5), and controlling the electroplating current density to be 0.2A/dm at the temperature of 60 DEG C2And the rotating speed of the roller is 19r/min, and the alkali copper electroplating treatment is carried out for 90 min. Through detection, the roughness Ra value of the surface electroplating alkali copper coating of the obtained neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is between 0.25 and 0.35.
In conclusion, compared with the existing nickel-copper electroplating technology, the method for electroplating the low-roughness Ra value alkali copper on the surface of the sintered neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material has the advantages that the roughness Ra value of a plating layer product is obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the shielding performance of bottom layer nickel on magnetic performance is effectively reduced by a direct copper electroplating mode; compared with the prior direct copper plating technology, the roughness Ra is greatly reduced, and the glossiness GU of the product is obviously improved.
The above embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, and the principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained by applying specific embodiments, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understanding the method of the present invention and the core idea thereof; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for electroplating low-roughness Ra-value alkali copper on the surface of a rare earth permanent magnet material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: carrying out oil removal, acid washing and activation treatment on the permanent magnet material to be treated for later use;
(2) pre-copper plating and electroplating treatment: placing the treated permanent magnet material in a pre-plating copper solution containing alkali copper carbonate for pre-plating copper electroplating treatment;
(3) and (3) alkaline copper electroplating treatment: and (3) placing the permanent magnet material subjected to the pre-copper plating treatment in an alkali copper solution for alkali copper electroplating treatment to obtain the permanent magnet material.
2. The method for electroplating the low-roughness Ra value alkali copper on the surface of the rare earth permanent magnet material according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the pre-copper plating solution comprises the following steps: 5-10g/L, HEDP 50-60g/L of basic copper carbonate and 9.0-10.0 of pH value.
3. The method for electroplating low-roughness Ra value alkali copper on the surface of rare earth permanent magnet material as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (2), in the pre-copper plating electroplating treatment step, the current density is controlled to be 0.1-0.15A/dm2The rotary speed of the roller is 15-17r/min, the temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the electroplating time is 25-35 min.
4. The method for electroplating the alkali copper with the low roughness Ra value on the surface of the rare earth permanent magnet material as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (2), in the pre-copper plating electroplating treatment step, the thickness of the plating layer is controlled to be 0.3-0.9 μm.
5. The method for electroplating low-roughness Ra value alkali copper on the surface of rare earth permanent magnet material according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein in the step (3), the alkali copper solution comprises: 60-80g/L of basic copper carbonate, 400g/L of potassium citrate, 60-80ml/L of a jar opener, 0.8-1.2ml/L of a brightening agent and 10.0-11.0 of pH value.
6. The method for electroplating low-roughness Ra value alkali copper on the surface of rare earth permanent magnet material as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (3), in the alkali copper electroplating treatment step, the current density is controlled to be 0.1-0.15A/dm2The rotary speed of the roller is 18-20r/min, the temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the electroplating time is 100-.
7. The method for electroplating the alkali copper with the low roughness Ra value on the surface of the rare earth permanent magnet material as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (3), in the alkali copper electroplating treatment step, the thickness of the coating is controlled to be 3-4 μm.
8. The method for electroplating the low-roughness Ra-value alkali copper on the surface of the rare earth permanent magnet material according to the claim 1, wherein in the step (1):
the oil removing step comprises the step of soaking the permanent magnet material in an oil removing agent solution with the mass concentration of 1.0-1.5%;
the step of pickling comprises the step of soaking the permanent magnet material in a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 1-2%;
the activation step comprises the step of soaking the permanent magnet material in a citric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20-40 g/L.
9. A rare earth permanent magnet material having a surface plated with an alkali copper layer having a low roughness Ra value produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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CN115142101A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-10-04 | 安泰爱科科技有限公司 | Surface protection process for neodymium iron boron permanent magnet |
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JP2007039784A (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2007-02-15 | Neomax Co Ltd | Rare earth element based permanent magnet having copper plating film on surface thereof |
CN109023446A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-12-18 | 浙江大学 | A kind of method of neodymium-iron boron permanent magnetic material electroplating copper |
CN111304707A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-19 | 包头汇众磁谷稀土科技有限公司 | Neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material surface copper plating solution and surface treatment method thereof |
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CN115142101A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-10-04 | 安泰爱科科技有限公司 | Surface protection process for neodymium iron boron permanent magnet |
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