CN114434826B - 一种连续纤维环状补强片的成型方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种连续纤维环状补强片的成型方法,属于纤维复合材料技术领域。本发明解决了现有补强方式,开孔直径尺寸较大处进行补强的问题。本发明在环向连续纤维片的基础上加入纵向纤维和辅助片,使环向连续纤维片不易松散、滑脱,可以成型厚度1‑2mm,直径600mm‑2000mm的大尺寸补强环,成型后的补强环易铺贴,可折叠存放,制造简单,适用实际应用。并且本发明采用干法成型,在树脂中无非活性稀释剂,避免了释剂挥发对复合材料制品结构强度造成的影响。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种连续纤维环状补强片的成型方法,属于纤维复合材料技术领域。
背景技术
纤维增强复合材料具有高比强度、高比模量、抗疲劳、耐腐蚀、可设计强等优异性能,已被广泛应用。采用连续纤维缠绕成型的大型复合材料制品,由于设计和使用需要,需要在结构层处开孔,如压力容器的封头和接嘴处,开孔切断了纤维,引起应力集中,大大降低了结构的承载能力,开孔部位成为纤维增强复合材料结构中容易破坏的薄弱环节,因此需要在开孔部位进行周向补强。
现有补强方式为采用纤维织物铺放补强或缠绕单向纤维补强片补强,但纤维织物铺放存在纤维不连续,湿法或半干法缠绕成型的单向纤维补强片存在轴向方向薄弱,纤维相对位置易滑动脱散,无法制备超过600mm直径的补强片,使开孔直径处尺寸较大的位置无法补强的问题。因此,提供一种补强效果佳,设计和制造简单,适合实际大型复合材料结构制件600mm-2000mm的开口处补强的环状补强片是十分必要的。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述现有技术存在的问题,提供一种连续纤维环状补强片的成型方法。
本发明的技术方案:
一种连续纤维环状补强片的成型方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,干法缠绕成型圆环状的环向连续纤维片状预制体;
步骤2,采用引线器牵引连续纤维,在步骤1获得的环向连续纤维片状预制体上编织径向纤维,获得补强片预制体;
步骤3,在步骤2获得的补强片预制体上刷涂或喷涂第一增强树脂,然后置于热压机上,加热并加压,使补强片预制体被第一增强树脂完全浸润;
步骤4,在辅助片上刮涂第二增强树脂,然后置于热压机上,加热并加压,使辅助片被第一增强树脂完全浸润;
步骤5,将经过步骤3处理的补强片预制体和经过步骤4处理的辅助片贴合,置于热压机上,加压成型,获得连续纤维环状补强片。
进一步限定,步骤1中干法缠绕成型环向连续纤维片状预制体的缠绕张力为50~70N。
进一步限定,干法缠绕成型环向连续纤维片状预制体的连续纤维为玻璃纤维、碳纤维、芳纶纤维、PBO纤维或玄武岩纤维。
进一步限定,步骤2中径向纤维穿过环向连续纤维片的径向间隔宽度为150mm~200mm,径向纤维的数量为n,n=w/100,其中w为环向连续纤维片状预制体的径向宽度,w的单位为mm。
进一步限定,步骤3中第一增强树脂的质量与环向连续纤维片状预制体的质量比为1:(2~2.5),所述的第一增强树脂按照重量份数包括90份四缩水甘油胺环氧树脂、10份丁基缩水甘油醚和33~38份芳香胺固化剂。
进一步限定,步骤3中加热温度为50~60℃,加热压力为0.3~0.4MPa,加热加压时间为20~30min。
进一步限定,步骤4中辅助片为连续纤维织物,织物编织种类为平纹、斜纹或缎纹;纤维为玻璃纤维、碳纤维或芳纶纤维;辅助片厚度小于连续纤维环状补强片厚度的8%。
进一步限定,步骤4中第二增强树脂的质量与辅助片的质量比为1:(2~2.5),所述的第二增强树脂按照重量份数包括80份四缩水甘油胺环氧树脂、20份双酚A环氧树脂和35~40份芳香胺固化剂。
进一步限定,步骤4中加热温度为50~60℃,加热压力为0.5~0.6MPa,加热加压时间为20~30min。
进一步限定,步骤5中加压压强为0.5~1MPa,加压时间为20~30min。
本发明有益效果:
(1)本发明提供的连续纤维环状补强片采用干法成型,在树脂中无非活性稀释剂,避免了释剂挥发对复合材料制品结构强度造成的影响。
(2)本发明在环向连续纤维片的基础上加入纵向纤维和辅助片,使环向连续纤维片不易松散、滑脱,可以成型厚度1-2mm,直径600mm-2000mm的大尺寸补强环,成型后的补强环易铺贴,可折叠存放,制造简单,适用实际应用。
(3)本发明提供的连续纤维环状补强片应用于碳纤维压力容器后,使其***压力数值增加了10%,且该补强片的拉伸强度为14.57MPa,该补强片与碳纤维压力容器的拉剪强度(界面强度)为12.71MPa。
(4)本发明提供的连续纤维环状补强片还具有成型工艺简单,成本低廉,安全、可靠等优点。
附图说明
图1为实施例1成型的连续纤维环状补强片的照片。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明均为常规方法。所用材料、试剂、方法和仪器,未经特殊说明,均为本领域常规材料、试剂、方法和仪器,本领域技术人员均可通过商业渠道获得。
实施例1:
(1)在成型模具内侧分别铺放成型辅助薄膜后,干法缠绕成型圆环状的环向连续纤维片状预制体,缠绕张力65N,碳纤维(牌号SYT49S)。
(2)将步骤(1)获得的预制体置于平台上,取下上表面的成型辅助薄膜,采用引线器牵引连续纤维,编织径向纤维,注意编织时不移动环向纤维的位置,径向纤维穿过环向纤维时的间隔宽度为200mm,径向纤维数量为n,获得补强片预制体。
其中n与环向连续纤维片状预制体宽度w(mm)的关系如下式:
n=w/100
具体的n为15,w为1500。
(3)将第一增强树脂均匀刷涂在补强片预制体的上表面,第一增强树脂的质量与补强片预制体的质量比为1:2,将步骤(2)取下的成型辅助薄膜覆盖在上表面,置于热压机上,在60℃,0.3MPa条件下,热压处理20min,使第一增强树脂完全浸润补强片预制体。
其中第一增强树脂按照重量份数包括90份四缩水甘油胺环氧树脂、10份丁基缩水甘油醚和38份芳香胺固化剂。
(4)将辅助片置于成型辅助薄膜上,并在辅助片上刮涂第二增强树脂,第二增强树脂的质量与辅助片的质量比为1:2.5,在辅助片的上表面覆盖成型辅助薄膜,置于热压机上,在60℃,0.6MPa条件下,热压处理20min,使第二增强树脂完全浸润辅助片。
其中辅助片为平纹织物,玻璃纤维。
其中第二增强树脂按照重量份数包括80份四缩水甘油胺环氧树脂、20份丁基缩水甘油醚和39份芳香胺固化剂。
(5)分别去除步骤(3)和步骤(4)热压处理后的补强片预制体和辅助片的一侧成型辅助薄膜,并将两者贴合,置于热压机上,在压强为0.5MPa的条件下加压处理15min,获得连续纤维环状补强片,如图1所示,该补强片可以卷曲或折叠存放,去除两侧的成型辅助薄膜后即可使用。
对本实施中的第一增强树脂和第二增强树脂的力学性能进行表征,结果如下表所示:
采用本实施例获得的连续纤维环状补强片对由碳纤维复合材料构成的压力容器的开口进行补强,具体过程为将连续纤维环状补强片铺放在未固化的复合材料开孔制件的开孔部位的表面,并进行至少一层缠绕后,一次固化成型,得到经过补强的复合材料开孔制件,对补强前和补强后的开孔制件进行性能表征,结果表明补强后的开孔制件的***压力数值增加了10%。
对本实施例获得的连续纤维环状补强片进行性能表征,结果如下表所示:
其中界面强度是补强片与碳纤维复合材料之间的拉剪强度。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,鉴于本发明所属领域的技术人员可以对上述实施方式进行适当的变更和修改,因此,本发明并不局限于上面所述的具体实施方式,对本发明的一些修改和变更也应当落入本发明的权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种连续纤维环状补强片的成型方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,干法缠绕成型圆环状的环向连续纤维片状预制体;
步骤2,采用引线器牵引连续纤维,在步骤1获得的环向连续纤维片状预制体上编织径向纤维,获得补强片预制体;
所述的步骤2中径向纤维穿过环向连续纤维片的径向间隔宽度为150mm~200mm,径向纤维的数量为n,n=w/100,其中w为环向连续纤维片状预制体的径向宽度,w的单位为mm;
步骤3,在步骤2获得的补强片预制体上刷涂或喷涂第一增强树脂,然后置于热压机上,加热并加压,使补强片预制体被第一增强树脂完全浸润;
所述的步骤3中第一增强树脂的质量与环向连续纤维片状预制体的质量比为1:(2~2.5),所述的第一增强树脂按照重量份数包括90份四缩水甘油胺环氧树脂、10份丁基缩水甘油醚和33~38份芳香胺固化剂;
步骤4,在辅助片上刮涂第二增强树脂,然后置于热压机上,加热并加压,使辅助片被第二增强树脂完全浸润;
所述的步骤4中第二增强树脂的质量与辅助片的质量比为1:(2.5~3),所述的第二增强树脂按照重量份数包括80份四缩水甘油胺环氧树脂、20份双酚A环氧树脂和35~40份芳香胺固化剂;
步骤5,将经过步骤3处理的补强片预制体和经过步骤4处理的辅助片贴合,置于热压机上,加压成型,获得连续纤维环状补强片。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种连续纤维环状补强片的成型方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤1中干法缠绕成型环向连续纤维片状预制体的缠绕张力为50~70N。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种连续纤维环状补强片的成型方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤1中干法缠绕成型环向连续纤维片状预制体的连续纤维为玻璃纤维、碳纤维、芳纶纤维、PBO纤维或玄武岩纤维中的一种或两种以上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种连续纤维环状补强片的成型方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤3中加热温度为50~60℃,加热压力为0.3~0.4MPa,加热加压时间为20~30min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种连续纤维环状补强片的成型方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤4中辅助片为连续纤维织物,织物编织种类为平纹、斜纹或缎纹;纤维为玻璃纤维、碳纤维或芳纶纤维;辅助片厚度小于连续纤维环状补强片厚度的8%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种连续纤维环状补强片的成型方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤4中加热温度为50~60℃,加热压力为0.5~0.6MPa,加热加压时间为20~30min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种连续纤维环状补强片的成型方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤5中加压压强为0.5~1MPa,加压时间为20~30min。
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