CN114433324B

CN114433324B - Crushing device and method for preparing biomass raw material from agricultural and forestry waste

Info

Publication number: CN114433324B
Application number: CN202210114774.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 翁丽青; 汪少敏; 杨鸯鸯; 鲁立明; 周飞; 李能辉; 许熔熔; 谢蓉; 胡伋; 金烨; 胡建富; 戴靖云; 孟秋峰; 魏伟金; 许林英
Original assignee: Yuyao Agricultural Technology Promotion Services Station
Current assignee: Yuyao Agricultural Technology Promotion Services Station
Priority date: 2022-01-30
Filing date: 2022-01-30
Publication date: 2022-10-25
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-30
Also published as: CN114433324A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural and forestry waste crushing, in particular to a crushing device and a crushing method for preparing biomass raw materials from agricultural and forestry waste, wherein the crushing device comprises a support frame, a protection box is fixedly arranged on the support frame, and the crushing device further comprises: the crushing box is positioned in the protective box and is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the protective box; the crushing mechanism is respectively connected with the protective box and the crushing box; the crushing device and the method for preparing the biomass raw material by the agricultural and forestry waste are novel in structure, are beneficial to improving the crushing effect and provide convenience for workers.

Description

Crushing device and method for preparing biomass raw material from agricultural and forestry waste

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crushing of agricultural and forestry wastes, in particular to a crushing device and method for preparing a biomass raw material from the agricultural and forestry wastes.

Background

The biomass fuel is prepared by burning biomass materials as fuel, generally mainly agricultural and forestry wastes such as straws, rice chaffs, sawdust and the like, and crushing, extruding, drying and the like the agricultural and forestry wastes to prepare various blocks and particles.

The existing crushing device and method for preparing biomass raw materials from agricultural and forestry wastes are different in size in the using process, if the wastes are crushed in a cavity, the crushing effect is poor, or the crushing time needs to be prolonged to achieve a good crushing effect, so that the crushing efficiency is low, the crushing effect is not good, and the use is very inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a crushing device and a crushing method for preparing biomass raw materials from agricultural and forestry waste, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an agriculture and forestry discarded object preparation reducing mechanism for biomass feedstock, includes the support frame, fixed mounting has the guard box on the support frame, still includes:

the crushing box is positioned in the protective box and is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the protective box; and

the crushing mechanism is respectively connected with the protective box and the crushing box;

wherein, rubbing crusher constructs including interval runner assembly and crushing unit, interval runner assembly is located on the protective housing, and with crushing case is connected, crushing unit is including the axis of rotation, smashes the chamber, smashes sword, drive unit and automatic shutoff unit, drive unit is located one of crushing case is served, smash the even division of chamber circumference and locate crushing case is last, smashes the intracavity and rotates and install the rotation axis, be equipped with a plurality of on the rotation axis and smash the sword, just the rotation axis still with drive unit is connected, automatic shutoff unit with smash the chamber and cooperate the installation.

A crushing method for preparing a biomass raw material from agricultural and forestry waste is applied to the crushing device for preparing the biomass raw material from the agricultural and forestry waste, and comprises the following steps:

setting the operation parameters of each part of the crushing mechanism through a control panel 9, and starting the crushing mechanism;

when agricultural and forestry wastes are added into the protective box 7 through the feeding hole, the interval rotating assembly drives the crushing box 15 to rotate at a certain fixed angle interval, and the agricultural and forestry wastes enter the crushing cavity 20 in batches;

the driving unit works to drive the plurality of rotating shafts 18 and the crushing knives 21 to rotate in the crushing cavity 20, so that the waste entering the crushing cavity 20 can be fully crushed;

smash the box 15 interval pivoted in-process, automatic shutoff unit will be located and smash the import in chamber 20 of smashing 15 lower parts and carry out the shutoff, makes the discarded object of smashing the meeting the requirements fall to the bottom of protective housing 7 through the filter screen that is equipped with on the automatic shutoff unit, and the discarded object that does not meet the requirement of smashing, then can continue to smash work in smashing chamber 20, until all discarded objects discharge to the outside through the discharge gate of protective housing 7 bottom.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

through the arranged protective box, wherein the top of the protective box is provided with an inlet, the protective box is also provided with a control panel for controlling each electric element of the crushing device so as to facilitate the agriculture and forestry waste to enter the crushing box, in the crushing working process, the crushing box can be driven to rotate at a certain fixed angle interval through the operation of the arranged interval rotating assembly, meanwhile, through the arranged crushing cavities, the quantity of the crushing cavities is a plurality of and is set in cooperation with the angle of interval rotation, so that after the crushing box rotates for a certain angle, one crushing cavity is positioned at the topmost end of the crushing box so as to facilitate the agriculture and forestry waste to be respectively added into a plurality of crushing cavities, as the agriculture and forestry waste is crushed in batches, the crushing effect and efficiency can be greatly improved, before the waste is added into the crushing cavity, the arranged driving unit works, a plurality of crushing cutters can be driven to rotate in the crushing cavity, thereby the crushing of the waste entering the crushing cavity can be fully crushed, wherein the crushing cavity can be formed by adopting two parts, namely a conical cavity and an arc cavity, the crushing cavity is continuously operated, and the size of the conical cavity and the crushing cutters can be reduced when the crushing cavity rotates to the crushing cavity, the crushing cavity is blocked, the arc-shaped cavity can be automatically, and the crushing waste can be reduced in the crushing cavity, and the crushing cavity can be blocked, and the size of the crushing cavity can be reduced in the crushing cavity, and the crushing unit can be automatically, and the crushing cavity can be reduced, and be equipped with the filter screen in shutoff department to smash the discarded object that meets the requirements and fall to the bottom of protective housing through the filter screen, and discharge to the outside through the discharge gate of protective housing bottom, and the discarded object that does not meet the crushing requirement, then can continue to smash the work in smashing the intracavity, be favorable to improving kibbling effect, for the staff provides convenience, be worth promoting.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional front view of a protective box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a rear sectional view of the crushing box portion in the embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing a part of the crushing box in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a front sectional view schematically showing the structure of the knock-out box portion in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a front view schematically illustrating a second partition plate portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a cutting frame portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-support frame, 2-charging barrel, 3-splitting box, 4-ventilation opening, 5-feeding opening, 6-first driving piece, 7-protection box, 8-second driving piece, 9-control panel, 10-first partition board, 11-rotary disc, 12-upright post, 13-grooved wheel, 14-third driving piece, 15-crushing box, 16-guide opening, 17-guide plate, 18-rotary shaft, 19-first driving piece, 20-crushing cavity, 21-crushing knife, 22-plugging filter plate, 23-bulge piece, 24-first rotary wheel, 25-second rotary wheel, 26-splitting strip, 27-first knife piece, 28-second knife piece, 29-second driving piece, 30-second partition board, 31-cutting frame, 32-damping rotary shaft, 33-third partition board and 34-V-shaped baffle board.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Specific implementations of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the crushing apparatus for preparing biomass raw material from agricultural and forestry waste provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a support frame 1, a protection box 7 is fixedly installed on the support frame 1, and the apparatus further includes:

the crushing box 15 is positioned in the protective box 7, and is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the protective box 7; and

the crushing mechanism is respectively connected with the protective box 7 and the crushing box 15;

wherein, rubbing crusher constructs including interval runner assembly and crushing unit, interval runner assembly is located on the protective housing 7, and with crushing case 15 is connected, crushing unit is including pivot 18, crushing chamber 20, crushing sword 21, drive unit and automatic shutoff unit, drive unit is located crushing case 15 serves, crushing chamber 20 circumference is evenly seted up crushing chamber 15 is last, smashes 20 internal rotations in chamber and installs rotation axis 18, be equipped with a plurality of crushing sword 21 on the rotation axis 18, just rotation axis 18 still with drive unit is connected, automatic shutoff unit with smash chamber 20 and cooperate the installation.

When the agricultural and forestry waste is needed to be crushed, firstly, the supporting frame 1 is arranged, wherein the supporting frame 1 can adopt a steel frame form, and a universal wheel with a brake can be arranged at the bottom, so that the whole device can be moved to a designated area, then, the protecting box 7 is arranged, the top of the protecting box 7 is provided with an inlet, the protecting box 7 is also provided with a control panel 9 for controlling each electrical element of the crushing device, so that the agricultural and forestry waste can enter the crushing box 15, the crushing box 15 can be driven to rotate at a certain fixed angle interval by the arranged interval rotating assembly during the crushing work, meanwhile, the crushing cavities 20 are arranged, the number of the crushing cavities 20 is a plurality, and are matched with the interval rotating angle to set, so that after the crushing box 15 rotates at a certain angle, one crushing cavity 20 is positioned at the topmost end of the crushing box 15, so as to add the agricultural and forestry waste into the crushing cavities 20 respectively, because the agricultural and forestry waste is crushed in batches, the crushing effect and efficiency can be greatly improved, before the waste is added into the crushing cavities 20, the driving unit is arranged to work, so as to drive the rotating shafts 18 and the crushing knives 21 to rotate in the crushing cavities 20, thereby fully crushing the waste entering the crushing cavities 20, wherein, the crushing cavities 20 can be composed of a conical cavity and an arc cavity, so that the waste enters the arc cavity through the conical cavity and is crushed, the size of the conical cavity is smaller than that of the arc cavity, so as to increase the crushing space, and prevent the waste from splashing out in the crushing process, meanwhile, when the crushing cavities 20 rotate to the lowest end of the crushing box 15, a large amount of waste can be prevented from being concentrated in the conical cavity to reduce the crushing effect, rotate the discarded object to smashing the intracavity 20 and carry out kibbling in-process at crushing sword 21, because smash chamber 20 and rotate at continuous interval, there is some crushing chamber 20 can rotate to the lower part of smashing case 15, at this moment, through the automatic shutoff unit that sets up, can carry out the shutoff with the import of smashing the chamber 20 and going up the toper cavity, and be equipped with the filter screen in shutoff department, so that smash the discarded object that meets the requirements and fall to the bottom of protective housing 7 through the filter screen, and discharge to the outside through the discharge gate of protective housing 7 bottom, and be not conform to the discarded object that smashes the requirement, then can continue to smash work in smashing chamber 20, be favorable to improving kibbling effect, for the staff provides convenience, and is worth promoting.

In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the interval rotating assembly includes:

the second driving piece 8 is positioned at one end of the protective box 7, and the second driving piece 8 penetrates through the output end of the protective box 7 and is fixedly provided with a rotating disc 11;

the upright post 12 is connected with the rotating disc 11;

the first partition plate 10 is connected with the inner side wall of the protective box 7; and

the grooved wheel 13 is rotatably connected with the protective box 7 and the first partition plate 10 through a damping rotating shaft 32, one end of the damping rotating shaft 32 penetrating through the first partition plate 10 is fixedly connected with the crushing box 15, and the grooved wheel 13 is also detachably connected with the upright post 12.

Through the second driving part 8, wherein the second driving part 8 can adopt a motor form, after the second driving part 8 is started, the rotating disc 11 can be driven to rotate between the protective box 7 and the first partition plate 10, and the upright post 12 can be driven to rotate, when the upright post 12 is in contact with the notch of the grooved pulley 13, the grooved pulley 13 can be driven to rotate, wherein four sets of notches can be arranged on the grooved pulley 13, through the cooperation with the upright post 12, the grooved pulley 13 can be driven to rotate at intervals at a constant angle of 45 degrees, when the grooved pulley 13 rotates at 45 degrees every time and rotates at intervals, the crushing box 15 can also rotate at intervals in the protective box 7, the number of the crushing cavities 20 can be twice as large as the number of the notches on the grooved pulley 13, so that when the groove rotates at 45 degrees every time, one crushing cavity 20 is positioned at the upper end of the crushing box 15, so as to ensure the continuous feeding, so that the crushing work can be carried out uninterruptedly, the efficiency of the crushing work is improved, and through the damping rotating shaft 32, when the upright post 12 is separated from the grooved pulley 13, the electromagnet is prevented from rotating under the action of gravity, the stable operation is ensured, the electricity can also adopt an interval on-off mode, and the interval limit is certainly carried out at intervals, and the interval limitation is not carried out.

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the driving unit includes:

a third partition 33, one side of the third partition 33 is connected with the crushing box 15, and the other side of the third partition 33 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the protective box 7;

a third driving member 14, wherein the third driving member 14 is located on the third partition 33; and

the first transmission piece 19 is rotatably installed on the crushing box 15 and connected with the output end of the third driving piece 14, and the first transmission piece 19 is further connected with the rotating shaft 18.

Through the third partition 33, wherein the section of the sheave 13 is in a U-shaped structure, so as to form a space between the bottom of the third partition 33 and the crushing box 15, thereby the third driving part 14 and the first driving part 19 can be arranged in the formed space, and simultaneously the outer side of the third partition 33 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the protective box 7, so as to ensure the structural strength of the equipment, and simultaneously, the crushing box 15 rotates in the protective box 7, and the first driving part 19 can be driven to rotate on the crushing box 15 by starting the third driving part 14, wherein, the third driving part 14 can be in the form of a motor, the first driving part 19 can be in a structure of gear engagement transmission, and the number of driven gears is equal to the number of the crushing cavities 20 and is connected with a plurality of rotating shafts 18, when the third driving part 14 is started, the plurality of rotating shafts 18 and the crushing knives 21 can be driven to rotate in the crushing cavities 20 at the same time for crushing work, thereby the crushing effect and the crushing efficiency are improved.

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the automatic plugging unit includes:

the guide ports 16 and the guide plates 17 are distributed on the crushing box 15 at intervals and are matched with the crushing cavity 20;

a plugging filter plate 22, wherein one end of the plugging filter plate 22 is rotatably connected with the crushing box 15; and

and the protruding piece 23 is positioned on the crushing box 15, and is detachably connected with the plugging filter plate 22.

Through the arranged guide ports 16 and the guide plates 17, wherein the number of the guide ports 16 is equal to that of the guide plates 17, and is equal to that of the crushing cavities 20, the guide ports 16 are arranged right opposite to the inlet positions of the crushing cavities 20, the guide plates 17 are arranged between the adjacent guide ports 16, the top parts of the guide plates 17 are of arc-shaped structures, and the distance between the guide plates and the inner wall of the protective box 7 is small, so that agricultural and forestry waste materials can enter the crushing cavities 20 from the guide ports 16, and can be prevented from entering the protective box 7 from a gap between the guide plates 17 and the inner wall of the protective box 7, so that all waste materials can be respectively carried out in a plurality of crushing cavities 20 in batches, in the rotating process of the crushing box 15, through the arranged blocking filter plates 22, one ends of the blocking filter plates 22 are rotatably connected with the crushing box 15 and are positioned at the inlet positions of the crushing cavities 20, connecting rods with large mass are arranged at the other ends of the blocking filter plates 22, and filter screens are arranged in the middle parts of the blocking filter plates 22, when the crushing box 15 rotates, the bottom end of the plugging filter plate 22 can rotate around the top end under the pulling of the gravity of a connecting rod at the bottom of the plugging filter plate 22, and under the condition that the crushing box 15 continuously rotates, one end of the plugging filter plate 22 can fall on the protruding piece 23, and the rotating hinge joint of the plugging filter plate 22 is arranged on the wall surface of the crushing cavity 20 to prevent the blockage by wastes, wherein the protruding piece 23 can adopt an obliquely arranged rubber block and is provided with a groove matched with the plugging filter plate 22, on one hand, the plugging filter plate 22 can be blocked, the plugging filter plate 22 falls in the groove on the protruding piece 23, and the crushing cavity 20 forms a blocking space, so that the wastes which meet the crushing requirements can be discharged from the filter screen on the plugging filter plate 22, and can slide to the bottom of the crushing box 15 to be discharged under the guiding action of the inner side wall of the crushing box 15, on the other hand, the blocking filter plate 22 can be prevented from generating large impact on the protruding piece 23, the safety performance of the device is guaranteed, and meanwhile, under the continuous rotating action of the crushing box 15, when the crushing cavity 20 rotates to the upper part of the crushing box 15, the blocking filter plate 22 rotates reversely under the action of gravity of the blocking filter plate 22, so that the blocking filter plate 22 is separated from the protruding piece 23, and waste is added into the crushing cavity 20.

In an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1, which further includes: the disassembling box 3 is connected with the supporting frame 1, and the disassembling box 3 is communicated with the protective box 7 through the charging barrel 2;

the air vent 4 and the feed inlet 5 are both positioned on the splitting box 3; and

the split assembly is connected with the split box 3.

Before smashing the forestry and agricultural residues, because factors such as discarded object humidity can make between the discarded object glue together, inconvenient later stage branch is smashed work in batches, and can influence kibbling effect, consequently, through the split case 3 that sets up, can get into the split case 3 with the discarded object in feed inlet 5, and the split subassembly through setting up starts work, can unpack the discarded object that the adhesion got up apart, then the rethread gets into a plurality of respectively smashes in the chamber 20, and through the vent 4 that sets up, can guarantee the circulation of the interior air of split case 3.

In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, 5 and 6, the splitting assembly includes:

the first driving piece 6 and the second partition plate 30 are both positioned on the splitting box 3, and the second partition plate 30 is also provided with a vent 4;

the second transmission piece 29 is rotatably arranged between the splitting box 3 and the second partition plate 30 and is connected with the output end of the first driving piece 6;

the two ends of the first rotating wheel 24 and the second rotating wheel 25 are respectively connected with the splitting box 3 and the second partition plate 30 in a rotating manner, and the first rotating wheel 24 and the second rotating wheel 25 are both connected with the second transmission piece 29; and

the splitting strips 26 are uniformly distributed on the first rotating wheel 24 and the second rotating wheel 25.

The waste cleaning device is characterized in that the waste cleaning device is started by a first driving part 6, wherein the first driving part 6 can be in a motor form, the first driving part 6 can drive a second driving part 29 to rotate after being started, the second driving part 29 can be in a gear meshing transmission structure, so that the first rotating wheel 24 and the second rotating wheel 25 rotate in opposite directions and rotate outwards at the same time, the waste cleaning device passes through a splitting strip 26, the splitting strip 26 can be in a steel needle structure, the splitting strips 26 on the first rotating wheel 24 and the second rotating wheel 25 are installed in a matching mode, so that the first rotating wheel 24 and the second rotating wheel 25 can rotate smoothly, when the first rotating wheel 24 and the second rotating wheel 25 rotate towards two sides, waste adhered together under the pulling action of the splitting strip 26 can be separated, the waste can enter a protective box 7 from an opening at the lower part of the splitting box 3 and a lower part of the blanking barrel 2 under the action of gravity, a V-shaped baffle 34 can be arranged inside the splitting box 3, scraping teeth are arranged on two side walls 34, the scraping teeth and are installed in a matching with the splitting strip 26, the waste adhered to be scraped off from the splitting strip 26, the opening of the splitting strip 26, the blanking barrel 24, and the waste can be scraped off from the opening of the splitting strip 24, and the blanking barrel 2, and the opening can be scraped off from the lower part of the splitting barrel 2 through the splitting barrel 2, and the splitting barrel can be scraped off.

In an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 5 and fig. 7, which further includes: the cutting frame 31 is detachably connected with the inner side wall of the splitting box 3;

the first blades 27 are uniformly distributed on the cutting frame 31 and are matched with the splitting strips 26; and

second blades 28, the second blades 28 being located between adjacent first blades 27.

In the process of rotating the first rotating wheel 24 and the second rotating wheel 25, through the arranged first blade 27 and the second blade 28, when the splitting strip 26 is full of agricultural and forestry waste and rotates to the positions of the first blade 27 and the second blade 28, the waste can be cut off in advance, on one hand, the waste can be prevented from being adhered to the splitting strip 26, so that the waste can smoothly enter the protective box 7 through the blanking barrel 2, and on the other hand, the subsequent crushing effect can be improved.

Based on the structure given in the above embodiment, a crushing method for preparing biomass raw material from agricultural and forestry waste is provided, which comprises the following steps:

setting the operation parameters of each component of the crushing mechanism through a control panel 9, and starting the crushing mechanism;

in the process that the crushing box 15 rotates at intervals, the automatic plugging unit plugs the inlet of the crushing cavity 20 at the lower part of the crushing box 15, so that crushed waste meeting the requirements falls to the bottom of the protective box 7 through a filter screen arranged on the automatic plugging unit, and waste which does not meet the crushing requirements can continue to be crushed in the crushing cavity 20 until all waste is discharged to the outside through a discharge port at the bottom of the protective box 7.

In summary, with the arrangement of the protective box 7, wherein the top of the protective box 7 is provided with an inlet, the protective box 7 is further provided with a control panel 9 for controlling each electrical component of the crushing device, so as to facilitate the agricultural and forestry waste to enter the crushing box 15, during the crushing work, the arranged interval rotating assembly works to drive the crushing box 15 to rotate at a certain fixed angle interval, and meanwhile, with the arranged crushing cavities 20, the number of the crushing cavities 20 is several and is set in cooperation with the interval rotating angle, so that after the crushing box 15 rotates at a certain angle, one crushing cavity 20 is located at the topmost end of the crushing box 15, so as to facilitate the agricultural and forestry waste to be respectively added into the plurality of crushing cavities 20, because the agricultural and forestry waste is crushed in batches, the crushing effect and efficiency can be greatly improved, before the waste is added into the crushing cavities 20, through the work of the arranged driving unit, the plurality of rotating shafts 18 and the crushing knives 21 can be driven to rotate in the crushing cavity 20, thereby the waste entering the crushing cavity 20 can be fully crushed, wherein the crushing cavity 20 can be composed of a conical cavity and an arc cavity, the waste is crushed after entering the arc cavity through the conical cavity, the size of the conical cavity is smaller than that of the arc cavity, so that the crushing space is enlarged, the waste can be prevented from splashing in the crushing process, meanwhile, when the crushing cavity 20 rotates to the lowest end of the crushing box 15, a large amount of waste can be prevented from being concentrated in the conical cavity and the crushing effect is reduced, when the crushing knives 21 rotate to crush the waste in the crushing cavity 20, because the crushing cavity 20 rotates at intervals continuously, a part of the crushing cavity 20 can rotate to the lower part of the crushing box 15, at this moment, through the automatic shutoff unit that sets up, can carry out the shutoff with the import of smashing the chamber 20 and going up the toper cavity, and be equipped with the filter screen in shutoff department, so that smash the discarded object that meets the requirements and fall to the bottom of protective housing 7 through the filter screen, and discharge to the outside through the discharge gate of protective housing 7 bottom, and the discarded object that does not meet the crushing requirement, then can continue to carry out crushing work in smashing chamber 20, be favorable to improving kibbling effect, provide convenience for the staff.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "sliding", "rotating", "fixing", "providing", and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and may be, for example, a welded connection, a bolted connection, or an integral body; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and it is to be understood that all embodiments may be combined as appropriate by one of ordinary skill in the art to form other embodiments as will be apparent to those of skill in the art from the description herein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an agriculture and forestry discarded object preparation reducing mechanism for biomass feedstock, includes the support frame, fixed mounting has the guard box on the support frame, the top of guard box is equipped with the import, and its characterized in that still includes:

the crushing box is positioned in the protective box and is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the protective box;

the crushing mechanism comprises an interval rotating assembly and a crushing assembly, the interval rotating assembly is positioned on the protective box and connected with the crushing box, and the crushing assembly comprises a rotating shaft, a crushing cavity, a crushing cutter, a driving unit and an automatic plugging unit;

the driving unit is positioned at one end of the crushing box, the crushing cavities are uniformly arranged on the crushing box in the circumferential direction, and after the crushing box rotates for a certain angle, one crushing cavity is positioned at the topmost end of the crushing box and is opposite to an inlet at the top of the protection box, so that agricultural and forestry waste is added into the crushing cavities respectively;

a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the crushing cavity, a plurality of crushing cutters are arranged on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is also connected with the driving unit, and the automatic plugging unit is matched with the crushing cavity;

the automatic plugging unit comprises: the guide ports and the guide plates are distributed on the crushing box at intervals and are installed in a way of being matched with the crushing cavity;

one end of the plugging filter plate is rotatably connected with the crushing box; and

the protruding piece is positioned on the crushing box and is detachably connected with the plugging filter plate.

2. The agricultural and forestry waste preparation biomass feedstock crushing device of claim 1, wherein the interval rotating assembly comprises:

the second driving piece is positioned at one end of the protective box, and a rotating disc is fixedly arranged on the output end of the second driving piece penetrating through the protective box;

the upright post is connected with the rotating disc;

the first partition plate is connected with the inner side wall of the protective box; and

the grooved wheel is rotationally connected with the protective box and the first partition plate through a damping rotating shaft, one end of the damping rotating shaft, which penetrates through the first partition plate, is fixedly connected with the crushing box, and the grooved wheel is also detachably connected with the upright post.

3. The agricultural and forestry waste production biomass feedstock crushing device according to claim 2, wherein the driving unit includes:

one side of the third partition plate is connected with the crushing box, and the other side of the third partition plate is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the protection box;

a third drive member located on the third partition; and

the first transmission piece is rotatably installed on the crushing box and connected with the output end of the third driving piece, and the first transmission piece is further connected with the rotating shaft.

4. The crushing device for preparing the biomass raw material by the agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, further comprising: the disassembling box is connected with the supporting frame and communicated with the protection box through a discharging barrel;

the vent and the feed inlet are both positioned on the splitting box; and

the splitting assembly is connected with the splitting box.

5. The agricultural and forestry waste preparation biomass feedstock crushing device of claim 4, wherein the splitting assembly comprises:

the first driving piece and the second partition plate are both positioned on the splitting box, and the second partition plate is also provided with a vent;

the second transmission piece is rotatably arranged between the splitting box and the second partition plate and is connected with the output end of the first driving piece;

the two ends of the first rotating wheel and the second rotating wheel are respectively in rotating connection with the splitting box and the second partition plate, and the first rotating wheel and the second rotating wheel are both connected with the second transmission part; and

the splitting strips are uniformly distributed on the first rotating wheel and the second rotating wheel.

6. The crushing device for preparing the biomass raw material by the agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 5, further comprising: the cutting frame is detachably connected with the inner side wall of the splitting box;

the first blades are uniformly distributed on the cutting frame and are installed in a matching manner with the splitting strips; and

a second blade located between adjacent first blades.

7. A crushing method for preparing biomass raw material by agricultural and forestry waste, which is applied to the crushing device for preparing biomass raw material by agricultural and forestry waste as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:

setting the operation parameters of each component of the crushing mechanism through a control panel, and starting the crushing mechanism;

when agricultural and forestry wastes are added into the protective box through the feeding hole, the interval rotating assembly drives the crushing box to rotate at a certain fixed angle interval, and the agricultural and forestry wastes enter the crushing cavity in batches;

the driving unit works to drive the rotating shafts and the crushing cutter to rotate in the crushing cavity, so that the waste entering the crushing cavity can be fully crushed;

smash case interval pivoted in-process, automatic shutoff unit will be located and smash the import in the chamber of smashing the case lower part and carry out the shutoff, makes the discarded object of smashing the meeting requirements fall to the bottom of protective housing through the filter screen that is equipped with on the automatic shutoff unit, and the discarded object that does not conform to the crushing requirement, then can continue to smash the work in smashing the intracavity, until all discarded objects discharge to the outside through the discharge gate of protective housing bottom.