CN114409320B - Carbon mineralized fiber cement board and secondary compression molding preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Carbon mineralized fiber cement board and secondary compression molding preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114409320B CN114409320B CN202210115739.1A CN202210115739A CN114409320B CN 114409320 B CN114409320 B CN 114409320B CN 202210115739 A CN202210115739 A CN 202210115739A CN 114409320 B CN114409320 B CN 114409320B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/021—Ash cements, e.g. fly ash cements ; Cements based on incineration residues, e.g. alkali-activated slags from waste incineration ; Kiln dust cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/0231—Carbon dioxide hardening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a carbon mineralized fiber cement board, and a secondary compression molding preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides a preparation method of a carbon mineralized fiber cement board, which comprises the following steps: mixing cellulose fibers, organic synthetic fibers, a cementing material, an additive and water to obtain slurry; and sequentially carrying out primary compression molding, static curing, secondary compression molding and carbonization reaction on the slurry to obtain the carbon mineralized fiber cement board. The invention reduces the porosity of the carbon mineralized fiber cement board through two-time compression molding, and improves the density of the carbon mineralized fiber cement board, thereby improving the water saturation breaking strength of the carbon fiber cement board. The porosity of the carbon mineralized fiber cement board provided by the invention before carbonization is below 45%. The carbon mineralized fiber cement board provided by the invention has high mechanical property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a carbon mineralized fiber cement board and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The existing fiber cement board is a composite material which takes silicate cement as a bonding agent and fibers as a toughness reinforcing material and forms a matrix structure through hydration reaction. At present, fiber cement boards are mostly prepared under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, and the prepared fiber cement boards have the advantages of both cement and wood and are widely applied to the fields of internal and external wall boards, prefabricated houses and the like. However, the existing fiber cement board has high brittleness due to the fact that a cement hydration matrix is composed of C-S-H gel and is combined through silica bonds with high brittleness, and organic synthetic fibers are generally introduced to enhance the toughness of the material. However, the high-temperature and high-pressure preparation process adopted by the fiber cement board is easy to degrade organic matters in the organic synthetic fibers, so that the toughness of the organic synthetic fibers is reduced, and therefore, only the high-temperature resistant cellulose fibers can be used as reinforcing fibers, but the high-temperature resistant cellulose fibers have extremely high specific surface area, so that the water absorption rate of the material is relatively high, and the material is very easy to absorb water and swell when exposed to a dry-wet alternating or freeze-thaw alternating environment, so that the mechanical property is attenuated, the durability is reduced, and the fiber cement board is also an important reason for limiting the application of the fiber cement board in the field of the outer wallboard.
Carbon mineralized fiber cement boards solve this problem. However, the existing carbon mineralized fiber cement board has poor water saturation performance, and compared with dry breaking strength, the water saturation breaking strength of the existing carbon mineralized fiber cement board is reduced obviously, and the water saturation breaking strength is an important parameter of an outdoor decorative board. This clearly greatly limits the application of carbon mineralized fiber cement boards.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board and the preparation method and the application thereof, and the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board provided by the invention has higher density, so that the water saturation performance of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board is improved, and the water saturation breaking strength of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board is further improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a carbon mineralized fiber cement board, which comprises the following steps:
mixing cellulose fibers, organic synthetic fibers, a cementing material, an additive and water to obtain slurry;
and sequentially carrying out primary compression molding, static curing, secondary compression molding and carbonization reaction on the slurry to obtain the carbon mineralized fiber cement board.
Preferably, the loading rate from the start of the secondary press molding to before 100s is 0.3 to 1kN/s, and the loading rate for the secondary press molding for a time exceeding 100s is 1 to 3kN/s.
Preferably, the pressure peak value of the secondary compression molding is 25-35 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time of the secondary compression molding is 120-240 s.
Preferably, the carbonization reaction is to cure the product after the secondary compression molding in a carbon dioxide atmosphere; the pressure of the carbon dioxide is 0.05-0.3 MPa; the curing temperature is 5-90 ℃; the curing time is 2-48 h; the relative humidity of the environment of the oxygen shield is 30-80%.
Preferably, the temperature of the rest culture is 40-50 ℃, and the time of the rest culture is 1-4 h; the relative humidity of the rest environment is 20-50%.
Preferably, the peak pressure value of the primary compression molding is 10-20 MPa; the pressure maintaining time of the one-step compression molding is 45-60 s.
Preferably, the mixing comprises the steps of:
dispersing cellulose fibers and organic synthetic fibers in a first portion of water to obtain a fiber suspension;
firstly mixing a cementing material and an additive to obtain a mixed material;
and secondly, mixing the fiber suspension, the mixed material and the residual water to obtain slurry.
Preferably, the gelled material comprises one or more of calcium silicate mineral powder, steel slag powder containing a calcium silicate mineral phase and magnesium slag powder containing a calcium silicate mineral phase;
the mass ratio of the cementing material to the additive to the cellulose fiber to the organic synthetic fiber is 55-75.
The invention provides a carbon mineralized fiber cement board, wherein the porosity of the carbon mineralized fiber cement board before carbonization is below 45%.
The invention also provides the carbon mineralized fiber cement board prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme or the application of the carbon mineralized fiber cement board in outdoor decoration in the technical scheme.
The invention provides a preparation method of the carbon mineralized fiber cement board, which comprises the following steps: mixing cellulose fibers, organic synthetic fibers, a cementing material, an additive and water to obtain slurry; and sequentially carrying out primary compression molding, static curing, secondary compression molding and carbonization reaction on the slurry to obtain the carbon mineralized fiber cement board. The method reduces the porosity of the carbon mineralized fiber cement board through two-time compression molding, and improves the density of the carbon mineralized fiber cement board, thereby improving the water saturation flexural strength of the carbon fiber cement board.
The invention provides a carbon mineralized fiber cement board, wherein the porosity of the carbon mineralized fiber cement board before carbonization is below 45%. The carbon-mineralized fiber cement board provided by the invention has lower porosity, so that the density is improved, the water saturation performance of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board is improved, the water saturation breaking strength of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board is improved, and the mechanical property of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board is also improved.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a carbon mineralized fiber cement board, which comprises the following steps:
mixing cellulose fibers, organic synthetic fibers, a cementing material, an additive and water to obtain slurry;
and sequentially carrying out primary compression molding, static curing, secondary compression molding and carbonization reaction on the slurry to obtain the carbon mineralized fiber cement board.
In the present invention, the raw materials used may be those conventionally commercially available products unless otherwise specified.
The invention mixes cellulose fiber, organic synthetic fiber, cementing material, additive and water to obtain slurry. In the present invention, the mixing preferably comprises the steps of:
dispersing cellulose fibers and organic synthetic fibers in a first portion of water to obtain a fiber suspension;
firstly mixing a cementing material and an additive to obtain a mixed material;
secondly, mixing the fiber suspension, the mixed material and the residual water to obtain slurry;
the invention disperses cellulose fiber and organic synthetic fiber in water to obtain fiber suspension. In the present invention, the length of the cellulose fiber is preferably 1 to 5mm, more preferably 2 to 4mm. In the present invention, the organic synthetic fibers preferably include PVA fibers and/or glass fibers, and more preferably PVA fibers. In the present invention, the length of the organic synthetic fiber is preferably 2 to 4mm, more preferably 2.5 to 3.5mm. In the invention, when the organic synthetic fibers are PVA fibers and glass fibers, the invention has no special requirement on the proportion of the PVA fibers and the glass fibers, and can adopt any proportion. The invention has no special requirement on the source of the water.
In the present invention, the mass ratio of the cellulose fibers to the organic synthetic fibers is preferably 0.5 to 2, more preferably 1 to 1.5. The amount of water used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the cellulose fibers and the organic synthetic fibers can be uniformly dispersed.
In the present invention, the dispersion is preferably carried out under stirring, and the rotation speed and time of the stirring are not particularly limited as long as the cellulose fibers and the organic synthetic fibers can be uniformly dispersed in water.
The invention adopts step-by-step mixing to disperse the cellulose fiber and the organic synthetic fiber in water, thus ensuring the uniform premixing of the fibers and avoiding the agglomeration of the fibers.
According to the invention, the gelled material and the additive are mixed for the first time to obtain a mixed material. In the present invention, the cementitious material preferably includes one or more of calcium silicate ore powder, steel slag powder containing a calcium silicate mineral phase, and magnesium slag powder containing a calcium silicate mineral phase, more preferably calcium silicate ore powder. In the present invention, the composition of the mineral phase of the slag powder containing the calcium silicate mineral phase preferably includes gamma-dicalcium silicate, RO phase, calcium ferrite, tricalcium silicate, free calcium oxide and free magnesium oxide; the total mass content of the dicalcium silicate and tricalcium silicate is preferably greater than 40%. In the invention, the mineral phase composition of the magnesium slag powder containing the calcium silicate mineral phase preferably comprises gamma-type dicalcium silicate, beta-type dicalcium silicate and magnesium oxide, and the total mass content of the dicalcium silicate is preferably more than 50%. The sources of the steel slag powder containing the calcium silicate mineral phase and the magnesium slag powder containing the calcium silicate mineral phase are not particularly limited as long as the compositions meet the above-defined range. In the invention, when the cementing material is more than two of the above specific substances, the proportion of the specific substances is not particularly limited, and any proportion can be adopted. In the present invention, the calcium silicate mineral powder preferably includes one or more of gamma-type dicalcium silicate, tricalcium disilicate and monocalcium silicate, and more preferably gamma-type dicalcium silicate. When the calcium silicate mineral powder is more than two of the specific substances, the proportion of the specific substances is not particularly limited, and any proportion can be adopted. In the present invention, the average particle size of the cement is preferably 50 μm or less, and more preferably 20 to 40 μm.
In the present invention, the additive preferably includes one or more of expanded perlite, silica fume, limestone powder and shell powder, and more preferably expanded perlite, silica fume, limestone powder and shell powder. In the present invention, the average particle size of the expanded perlite is preferably 50 to 300. Mu.m, more preferably 100 to 200. Mu.m. In the present invention, the silica fume preferably has an average particle diameter of 0.2 to 5 μm, more preferably 1 to 4 μm; the mass content of silicon dioxide in the silica fume is preferably greater than or equal to 90%. In the present invention, the limestone powder preferably has an average particle diameter of 10 to 20 μm, more preferably 13 to 18 μm. In the present invention, the average particle diameter of the shell powder is preferably 10 to 100. Mu.m, and more preferably 20 to 80 μm.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the expanded perlite to the silica fume to the limestone powder to the shell powder is preferably 0-10. In the present invention, the mass ratio of the gelling material, the additive and the cellulose fiber is preferably 55 to 78. In the present invention, the additive is capable of adjusting the apparent density of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board.
In the present invention, the first mixing is preferably performed under stirring conditions, and the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 300 to 600r/min, and more preferably 400 to 600r/min; the stirring time is preferably 10 to 25min, more preferably 15 to 20min.
After the fiber suspension and the mixed material are obtained, the fiber suspension, the mixed material and the residual water are mixed for the second time to obtain the slurry. In the present invention, the solid content in the slurry is preferably 10 to 20%, more preferably 15 to 18%. In the present invention, the second mixing is preferably performed under stirring conditions, and the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 300 to 1200r/min, more preferably 600 to 900r/min; the stirring time is preferably 10 to 15min, and more preferably 11 to 13min.
After the slurry is obtained, the slurry is sequentially subjected to primary compression molding, static curing, secondary compression molding and carbonization reaction to obtain the carbon mineralized fiber cement board. In the present invention, before the primary press molding, it is preferable that: and dehydrating the slurry to obtain a plate blank. The invention has no special requirement on the water content of the plate blank, and only the plate blank can be formed. The invention has no special requirement on the dehydration treatment mode as long as the blank can be formed. In the embodiment of the present invention, the dehydration treatment is preferably performed in a suction filtration device. The invention has no special limitation on suction filtration, and can be carried out by adopting conventional operation in the field.
In the invention, the peak pressure value of the one-step compression molding is preferably 10-20 MPa, and more preferably 15-18 MPa; the dwell time of the primary press molding is preferably 45 to 60 seconds, and more preferably 50 to 55 seconds. The loading rate is preferably less than or equal to 1.5kN/s from the beginning of one-step compression molding to before 100s, and more preferably 0.5-0.8 kN/s; the loading rate of the one-time compression molding time of the invention exceeding 100s is preferably not more than 4kN/s, more preferably 2 to 2.5kN/s. In the present invention, the one-time press forming can remove excess moisture from the mat. The invention has no special limitation on the water content of the plate blank after the one-step compression molding, and the one-step compression molding can be carried out by using the specified pressure. In the present invention, the primary press molding is preferably performed in a die, and the shape and size of the primary press molding die are not particularly limited, and may be set according to the shape and size of the slab. After the one-time compression molding is finished, the plate blank is preferably removed after the one-time compression molding.
In the invention, the temperature of the static culture is preferably 40-50 ℃, and more preferably 43-46 ℃; the time of the rest is preferably 1 to 4 hours, and more preferably 2 to 3 hours; the relative humidity of the rest environment is preferably 20 to 50%, more preferably 30 to 50%. In the present invention, the water-solid ratio of the post-resting mat is preferably 0.05 to 0.3, more preferably 0.1 to 0.2. The invention limits the water-solid ratio after the static curing to be in the range, thus being beneficial to the carbonization reaction and improving the strength of the fiber cement board.
In the present invention, the pressure peak value of the secondary press molding is preferably 25 to 35MPa, more preferably 30 to 33MPa; the dwell time for the secondary compression molding is preferably 120 to 260s, and more preferably 180 to 260s. The loading rate is preferably 0.3-1 kN/s from the beginning of secondary compression molding to before 100s, and more preferably 0.5-0.8 kN/s; the loading rate for the two-shot press molding of the present invention exceeding 100s is preferably 1 to 3kN/s, more preferably 2 to 2.5kN/s. The method can improve the strength and the compactness of the plate blank through secondary pressing, thereby improving the water-saturated breaking strength of the carbon mineralized fiber cement plate.
In the present invention, the carbonization reaction is preferably carried out by curing the product after the secondary press molding in a carbon dioxide atmosphere; the pressure of the carbon dioxide is preferably 0.05 to 0.3MPa, more preferably 0.1 to 0.2MPa; the concentration of carbon dioxide is preferably 20 to 99%, more preferably 50 to 90%. In the present invention, the carbon dioxide is preferably enriched from industrial waste gas; the industrial waste gas preferably comprises industrial kiln off-gas. The concentration of carbon dioxide gas in the above concentration range can be obtained by the processes known in the art. The invention makes full use of the industrial kiln tail gas and has good environmental protection benefit.
In the present invention, the curing temperature is preferably 5 to 90 ℃, more preferably 20 to 60 ℃; the curing time is preferably 2 to 48 hours, and more preferably 10 to 20 hours; the relative humidity of the environment protected by oxygen is preferably 30 to 80%, more preferably 40 to 60%.
The apparatus for the carbonization reaction is not particularly limited in the present invention, and an apparatus conventional in the art may be used. In the embodiment of the present invention, the carbonization reaction is preferably performed in a reaction vessel.
In the existing preparation process of the carbon mineralized fiber cement board, because a large amount of water exists in the board blank during one-step forming, the pores of the board blank are completely filled with water, and the compactness under the same pressure is insufficient. In the resting process, a large number of pores appear due to water loss, and the distance between powder particles is large, so that the powder particles are difficult to bond together to form a compact structure. The invention utilizes the twice-pressing molding technology to efficiently improve the compactness of the plate blank and reduce the porosity. The plate blank is more beneficial to the mutual cementation of calcium carbonate products in the carbonization process, the porosity and the water absorption of a sample are greatly reduced, and finally, the water-saturated breaking strength is obviously improved. Compared with the prior art, the fiber cement board prepared by the method has greatly improved compactness and water resistance, and obviously improved water-saturated breaking strength, so that the fiber cement board has more excellent mechanical and durable properties; and the preparation process does not need high-temperature maintenance, creates conditions for the introduction of organic synthetic fibers, is convenient for the organic synthetic fibers to further improve the brittleness of the cement fiberboard, and can effectively solve the problem that the existing high-temperature and high-pressure maintenance process is very easy to generate overhigh pressure in the fiberboard under the high-temperature condition to cause air expansion and water vaporization in the fiberboard and further cause the delamination of the fiberboard while reducing the energy consumption. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of low price of the used raw materials, environmental friendliness and easiness in large-scale popularization.
The invention provides a carbon mineralized fiber cement board, wherein the porosity of the carbon mineralized fiber cement board before carbonization is less than 45%, preferably 40-45%, and more preferably 40-42%.
The invention provides an application of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme or an application of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board prepared by the preparation method in outdoor decoration. The carbon mineralized fiber cement board provided by the invention has higher density, good water saturation performance and higher water saturation rupture strength, and can directly bear sunlight, rain, snow or frost outdoors.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Mixing 3 parts of cellulose fibers with the length of 3mm, 3 parts of PVA fibers with the length of 3mm and 300 parts of water under the stirring condition to obtain a fiber suspension;
60 parts of gamma-C with the average particle size of 40 mu m 2 S, 5 parts of expanded perlite with the average particle size of 100 microns, 6 parts of silica fume with the average particle size of 3 microns and the mass content of silicon dioxide of 90 percent, 15 parts of limestone powder with the average particle size of 15 microns and 8 parts of shell powder with the average particle size of 50 microns are stirred for 15min at the rotating speed of 500r/min to obtain a mixed material;
stirring the fiber suspension, the mixed material and 666.7 parts of water at the rotating speed of 700r/min for 10min to obtain slurry with the solid content of 15%;
carrying out suction filtration on the slurry to obtain a plate blank, transferring the plate blank to a mold, loading the plate blank for 100s at a loading rate of 1.5kN/s, then loading the plate blank at a loading rate of 4kN/s until the pressure reaches 20MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 60s for primary compression molding, wherein the peak pressure value of the primary compression molding is 20MPa; removing the plate blank subjected to primary compression molding, and standing for 3 hours at 40 ℃ under the condition that the relative humidity of the environment is 50% to ensure that the water-solid ratio of the plate blank is 0.1; pressurizing the plate blank after static curing for 100s according to the loading rate of 1kN/s, pressurizing to the pressure of 30MPa according to the loading rate of 3kN/s, and maintaining the pressure for 120s for secondary compression molding, wherein the pressure peak value of the secondary compression molding is 30MPa;
placing the plate blank subjected to secondary compression molding in a reaction kettle to carry out carbonization reaction in the atmosphere of carbon dioxide to obtain a carbon mineralized fiber cement plate; the temperature of the carbonization reaction is 40 ℃, the pressure of carbon dioxide is 0.2MPa, the time is 12h, and the relative humidity of the reaction environment is 50 percent; the carbon dioxide is carbon dioxide gas with the volume concentration of 99% obtained by enriching industrial kiln tail gas.
Example 2
A carbon mineralized cement fiberboard was prepared according to the method of example 1, except that the static maintenance condition was 45 ℃; the relative humidity of the environment is 30%, the rest time is 3h, and the water-solid ratio of the plate blank after rest is 0.2.
Example 3
A carbon-mineralized cement fiberboard was prepared as in example 1, except that the loading rate was 0.5kN/s for the first 100s and 1kN/s for the last 100s during the secondary press molding.
Example 4
A carbon-mineralized cement fiberboard was prepared according to the method of example 1, except that the pressure peak of the secondary press molding was 20MPa.
Example 5
A carbon-mineralized cement fiberboard was prepared according to the method of example 1, except that the dwell time for the secondary press molding was 3min.
Example 6
A carbon-mineralized cement fiberboard was prepared according to the method of example 1, except that the pressure peak in the one-shot press molding process was 15MPa.
Example 7
The carbon-mineralized cement fiberboard was prepared according to the method of example 1, except that the carbonization reaction was performed under the conditions that carbon dioxide gas was the tail gas of the industrial kiln with a carbon dioxide volume concentration of 20%, a carbon dioxide gas pressure was 0.2MPa, and a reaction time was 18 hours.
Comparative example 1
A carbon-mineralized cement fiberboard was prepared as in example 1, except that secondary press molding was not performed.
Comparative example 2
A carbon mineralized cement fiberboard was prepared according to the method of example 1, except that the static maintenance condition was 45 ℃; the relative humidity of the environment is 30%, the standing time is 3h, and the water-solid ratio of the plate blank after standing is 0.03:1.
comparative example 3
A carbon mineralized cement fiberboard was prepared according to the method of example 1, except that the static maintenance condition was 45 ℃; the relative humidity of the environment is 30%, the standing time is 3h, and the water-solid ratio of the plate blank after standing is 0.35:1.
comparative example 4
A carbon-mineralized cement fiberboard was prepared as in example 1, except that the loading rate was 2kN/s for the first 100s and 5kN/s for the second 100s in the secondary press molding.
Comparative example 5
A carbon-mineralized cement fiberboard was produced as in example 1, except that the pressure peak of the secondary press molding was 40MPa.
Comparative example 6
A carbon-mineralized cement fiberboard was produced as in example 1, except that the dwell time for the secondary press molding was 1min.
Comparative example 7
The carbon mineralized cement fiberboard was prepared according to the method of example 1, except that the peak pressure value of the one-time press molding was 5MPa, and the pressure holding time was 1min.
Performance testing
The results of examining the physical properties of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement boards prepared in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 7 according to GB/T7019-2014 are shown in Table 1, wherein the flexural strength is the flexural strength of the samples after being saturated with water.
TABLE 1 physical Properties of carbon-mineralized fiber cement boards prepared in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 7
As can be seen from Table 1, the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board provided by the invention has low water absorption and high water saturation flexural strength, which indicates that the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board provided by the invention has excellent toughness, mechanical properties and durability. According to the national building material industry standard (JC/T412.1-2018), the carbon mineralized fiber cement board provided by the invention can be used indoors and outdoors and can directly bear sunlight, rain, snow or frost.
As can be seen from the comparison of the data of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement boards prepared in the examples 1 to 7 in the table 1 and the data of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board prepared in the comparative example 1, the secondary press forming has an important influence on the flexural strength and the water absorption of the fiber cement board, and the flexural strength is greatly improved and the water absorption is greatly reduced due to the more compact structure.
As can be seen from the comparison of the data of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement boards prepared in the examples 1-7 in Table 1 and the data of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement boards prepared in the comparative examples 2 and 3, the water-solid ratio of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement boards has an important influence on the carbonization reaction, and the proper water-solid ratio can provide proper moisture for the carbonization reaction without blocking the pores. When the water-solid ratio is too low, the water content in the plate blank is too low, so that the carbonization reaction is difficult to carry out, and the strength is obviously reduced. When the water-solid ratio is too high, the pores are blocked by water, so that carbon dioxide is difficult to enter, the carbonization degree is reduced, and the strength is obviously reduced finally.
As can be seen from the comparison of the data of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement boards prepared in the examples 1-7 in the table 1 with the data of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement boards prepared in the comparative examples 4 and 5, the peak value of the loading rate and the pressure in the secondary compression molding are important, and the slab is microcracked due to the too high loading rate or the too high pressure peak value, so that the fiber cement boards have defects and the breaking strength is reduced.
As can be seen from the comparison of the data of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement boards prepared in the examples 1-7 in the table 1 and the data of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement boards prepared in the comparative examples 6 and 7, the compaction degree of the plate blank is reduced due to the excessively short pressure maintaining time in the secondary compression molding process, and the breaking strength is finally reduced; in the one-step compression molding process, too small pressure intensity or too short pressure maintaining time can cause the reduction of the compactness degree of the plate blank, and finally the reduction of the flexural strength.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a carbon mineralized fiber cement board comprises the following steps:
mixing cellulose fibers, organic synthetic fibers, a cementing material, an additive and water to obtain slurry; the gelled material comprises one or more of calcium silicate mineral powder, steel slag powder containing a calcium silicate mineral phase and magnesium slag powder containing the calcium silicate mineral phase; the mass ratio of the cementing material to the additive to the cellulose fiber to the organic synthetic fiber is 55 to 75, and is (1) to 4); the additive comprises one or more of expanded perlite, silica fume, limestone powder and shell powder;
sequentially carrying out primary compression molding, static curing, secondary compression molding and carbonization reaction on the slurry to obtain the carbon mineralized fiber cement board; the water-solid ratio of the blank after standing is 0.05 to 0.3;
the pressure peak value of the secondary compression molding is 25-35MPa, and the pressure maintaining time of the secondary compression molding is 120-240s; the loading rate from the start of secondary compression molding to before 100s is 0.3-1kN/s, and the loading rate when the time of secondary compression molding exceeds 100s is 1-3kN/s.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization reaction is curing the product after the secondary press molding in a carbon dioxide atmosphere; the pressure of the carbon dioxide is 0.05 to 0.3MPa; the curing temperature is 5 to 90 ℃; the curing time is 2 to 48h; the relative humidity of the oxygen-protected environment is 30 to 80 percent.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the static culture is 40 to 50 ℃, and the time of the static culture is 1 to 4 hours; the relative humidity of the rest environment is 20 to 50 percent.
4. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the peak pressure of the one-time press molding is 10 to 20MPa; the pressure maintaining time of the one-step compression molding is 45 to 60s.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing comprises the steps of:
dispersing cellulose fibers and organic synthetic fibers in a first portion of water to obtain a fiber suspension;
firstly mixing a cementing material and an additive to obtain a mixed material;
and secondly, mixing the fiber suspension, the mixed material and the residual water to obtain slurry.
6. The carbon-mineralized fiber cement board prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the porosity of the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board before carbonization is below 45%.
7. The carbon-mineralized fiber cement board prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the carbon-mineralized fiber cement board according to claim 6 is applied to outdoor decoration.
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