CN114403056A - Ecological breeding system and method for Pacific oil fish - Google Patents

Ecological breeding system and method for Pacific oil fish Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114403056A
CN114403056A CN202210096280.5A CN202210096280A CN114403056A CN 114403056 A CN114403056 A CN 114403056A CN 202210096280 A CN202210096280 A CN 202210096280A CN 114403056 A CN114403056 A CN 114403056A
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China
Prior art keywords
water
area
palmarosa
feeding
activity
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CN202210096280.5A
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Inventor
钟明兰
王剑
庞宝生
王兰
何杰
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Guangxi Bama Xinjian Industrial Group Co ltd
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Guangxi Bama Xinjian Industrial Group Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210096280.5A priority Critical patent/CN114403056A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/80—Feeding devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/006—Accessories for aquaria or terraria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological breeding system and method for Pacific oil fish, relates to a breeding technology, and solves the technical problem that the existing artificial breeding system for Pacific oil fish cannot observe the growth and reproduction habits of Pacific oil fish in the whole process. An activity area construction step, which is used for providing an activity area for the Pacific oil fish to swim against water; a hidden area construction step, which is used for providing shelter and a hidden area for breeding for the palmarosa; a feeding area construction step for providing a feeding area for the samara; and an information acquisition step, which is used for monitoring and acquiring the activity, growth and reproduction state information of the barracuda in the activity area, the hidden area and the feeding area. The invention has the advantages of easy construction, clear subareas and sound functions, can observe the growth and reproduction habits of the plants in the whole process, collects effective data information and provides basis for artificial reproduction and cultivation.

Description

Ecological breeding system and method for Pacific oil fish
Technical Field
The invention relates to a culture technology, in particular to an ecological culture system and method for Pacific oil fish.
Background
The barnyard oil fish, the name of which is barbus grahami, has a narrow living area. The Pacific oil fish is called as ginseng under the water of shouxian, and is favored by people because of excellent quality. The Pacific oil fish has special living geographic environmental conditions, generally lives in streams or caves, and has seasonal immigration and emigration. Therefore, little is known about their ecological habits and growth and development cycles. At present, the palmarosa still can only grow and cannot reproduce under the condition of artificial breeding. The reason is mainly that the existing artificial breeding systems are all built for feeding the barracuda and do not provide suitable places for the barracuda according to living environments of the barracuda. Therefore, under the current conditions, more research cannot be carried out on the artificial propagation method, and artificial propagation technology cannot be mentioned.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the prior art is not enough, provides an ecological breeding system and method for the palmarosa so as to solve the problem that the existing artificial breeding system for the palmarosa cannot observe the growth and reproduction habits of the palmarosa in the whole process.
The invention relates to an ecological breeding method of Pacific oil fish, which comprises the following steps:
an activity area construction step, which is used for providing an activity area for the Pacific oil fish to swim against water;
a hidden area construction step, which is used for providing shelter and a hidden area for breeding for the palmarosa;
a feeding area construction step for providing a feeding area for the samara;
and an information acquisition step, which is used for monitoring and acquiring the activity, growth and reproduction state information of the barracuda in the activity area, the hidden area and the feeding area.
The Pacific oil fish is artificially fed by constructing an active area, a hidden area and an ingestion area, the growth and reproduction habits of the Pacific oil fish can be observed in the whole process, effective data information is collected, and a basis is provided for artificial reproduction and cultivation.
The step of constructing the active area specifically comprises:
a slow-step type water flowing channel is arranged in the culture pond, a plurality of slopes of backwater swimming areas are provided for the Pacific oil fish, and the slow-step type water flowing channel is used for stimulating the growth and development of the Pacific oil fish.
The running water channel comprises a running water slope and a plurality of water pits; the slope of flowing water slope sets up in breeding the pond, and is a plurality of the water nest sets up the top on flowing water slope, breed the higher one end in flowing water slope at the first water inlet in pond, the lower one end of flowing water slope is linked together with the bottom of the pool of breeding the pond.
The water nest is arranged into a semicircular barrel-shaped nest groove, and a rest area is provided for the palmarosa fries.
Adjacent two slope between the nest is different, just slope between the nest is by the one end that is close to first water inlet toward breeding pond bottom of the pool direction and reduces gradually.
The hidden area constructing step specifically comprises the following steps:
and a hidden hole is arranged on one side of the culture pond far away from the movable area, a plurality of holes communicated with the pond bottom are formed on one side of the hidden hole close to the pond bottom of the culture pond, and the bottom of the hidden hole is higher than the pond bottom of the culture pond.
And a second water inlet is added in the culture pond to supply water for the dark hole.
The ingestion area constructing step specifically comprises:
the method comprises the following steps that a plurality of scattered feeding areas are divided in the bottom of a culture pond, a plurality of food intake tables are placed in the feeding areas, and the surfaces of the food intake tables are covered with grid pieces for placing feed for allowing the Pacific oil fish to scrape.
And paving cobblestones on the bottom of the culture pond to serve as a still water swimming area of the barracuda.
The ecological breeding system of the palmarosa is constructed into an activity place, a hidden place and a feeding place for the growth and the breeding of the palmarosa, and the monitoring device is used for observing the palmarosa in the activity place, the hidden place and the feeding place so as to obtain the activity, the growth and the breeding information of the palmarosa.
Advantageous effects
The invention has the advantages that: the Pacific oil fish is artificially fed by constructing an active area, a hidden area and an ingestion area, the growth and reproduction habits of the Pacific oil fish can be observed in the whole process, effective data information is collected, and a basis is provided for artificial reproduction and cultivation. And the ecological culture system for culturing the Pacific oil fish is easy to construct, has clear partitions and perfect functions, can effectively simulate the wild ecological environment of the Pacific oil fish, and ensures that the obtained information is more reliable and effective.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ecological breeding system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the dark hole of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-culture pond, 2-flowing water slope, 3-water nest, 4-water inlet, 5-dark hole and 6-food intake platform.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples, but not to be construed as being limited thereto, and any number of modifications which can be made by anyone within the scope of the claims are also within the scope of the claims.
Referring to fig. 1, the ecological breeding method of the palmarosa includes:
and an activity area construction step for providing an activity area for the barracuda which can swim against water.
The method specifically comprises the step of arranging a slow-step type water flowing channel in the culture pond 1, providing a plurality of slopes of backwater swimming areas for the Pacific oil fish, and stimulating the growth and development of the Pacific oil fish. One of the habits of barracuda is the enjoyment of swimming paddling in reverse water. This embodiment sets up corresponding region according to this habit in breeding the pond, for it provides corresponding swimming and playing the region, can stimulate its growth, reduces fat and piles up, can also play the gonad development of stimulating barracuda oil fish simultaneously, impels its better laying eggs.
The flow channel of the present embodiment includes a flow slope 2 and six water basins 3. The setting of flowing water slope 2 slope is in breeding pond 1, six nest 3 sets up the top at flowing water slope 2, breed the higher one end at flowing water slope 2 of first water inlet 4 of pond 1, the lower one end of flowing water slope 2 is linked together with the bottom of the pool of breeding pond 1. Through six the setting of water nest 3, make the activity area form the regional of swimming of the contrary water of a plurality of slopes, do benefit to the activity of barracuda.
Wherein, adjacent two the slope between the water nest 3 is different, just slope between the water nest 3 reduces towards 1 bottom of the pool direction of breed pond by the one end that is close to first water inlet 4 gradually. Specifically, the gradient between the six water nests 3 is 5-30 degrees, namely the gradient close to the bottom of the culture pond 1 is 5 degrees, the gradient close to the first water inlet 4 is 30 degrees, and the rest gradients are uniformly changed. The arrangement can effectively provide corresponding activity areas for the palmarosa with different activities. The barracuda oil fish with weak activity ability can move at the position with a slow gradient, and the barracuda oil fish with strong activity ability can move at the position close to the first water inlet 4, so that all barracuda oil fish have corresponding activity places, and the activity ability of the barracuda oil fish can be further exercised, and the barracuda oil fish exercise device is very effective.
Preferably, the water nest 3 is set to be a semicircular barrel-shaped nest groove for storing water, so that a rest area is provided for the palmarosa oleifera fish, and the problem that the palmarosa oleifera fish cannot rest when continuously swimming in a counter-current mode to cause inertia is avoided.
A hidden area construction step for providing shelter and a hidden area for breeding for the palmarosa.
The method specifically comprises the steps that a hidden hole 5 is formed in one side, far away from the movable area, of the culture pond 1, and a plurality of holes communicated with the pond bottom are formed in one side, close to the pond bottom of the culture pond 1, of the hidden hole 5. Because the reproduction of the barracuda, the requirement for light is different from the requirement for ingestion, therefore, through the setting of dark hole 5, can be better for barracuda provide the light condition be fit for its place of breeding and rest to better study the life habit and the reproduction habit of barracuda. The bottom of the hidden hole 5 is higher than the bottom of the culture pond 1, so that the problem that the water quality of the hidden hole 5 is influenced when sediment in the bottom of the culture pond 1 flows into the hidden hole 5 is avoided.
As shown in figure 2, when the number of the Palma oil fishes cultivated in the cultivation pond 1 is large, the dark holes 5 can be arranged on the two sides of the cultivation pond 1, so that more concealed areas can be provided for the Palma oil fishes, and the problem that the Palma oil fishes compete for the ground when the concealed areas are insufficient is avoided.
Preferably, a second water inlet is added in the culture pond 1 to supply water to the dark hole 5. Through the setting of second water inlet, realize the independent water supply of dark hole 5, ensured the quality of water in the dark hole, also can be better simultaneously build the gentle hidden area of rivers for the samaranus fish, make its better breed the rest.
Two water inlets of this embodiment all are equipped with the valve for adjust the flow of intaking, ensure that the barracuda can reverse advance on flowing water slope 2, also guarantee the reproduction rest of the suitable barracuda of the water speed in the dark hole 5 simultaneously.
The water outlet is arranged in the culture pond 1, so that the water in the culture pond 1 flows, and the water quality of the water in the culture pond 1 is ensured to be suitable for the life of the Pacific oil fish all the time. An escape-proof filter screen is arranged at the water outlet, so that the barracuda can be prevented from escaping from the water outlet. The small barracuda is small, so that the anti-escape filter screen needs to use a filter screen with a large mesh number, and impurities on the anti-escape filter screen need to be cleaned regularly, so that the blockage problem is prevented.
And (3) an ingestion area constructing step, which is used for providing ingestion areas for the barracuda, and simultaneously can better observe the ingestion habits of the barracuda, so as to avoid the problem of difficult observation caused by random feeding.
The method specifically comprises the steps of dividing a plurality of scattered throwing areas in the bottom of the culture pond 1, and placing a plurality of food intake platforms 6 in the throwing areas. Wherein the feeding table 6 can be constructed of hemispherical artificial stones. And the surface of the feeding table 6 is covered with a grid sheet for placing feed for the sparassis crispa to scrape.
The study finds that the palmarosa is a scrape-feeding fish, a sucking disc is arranged under the head of the palmarosa and is sucked on the head of the flowing stone, and the lower port of the palmarosa is used for scraping the fasciculate organisms growing on the stone and other solids and attached aquatic micro-animals. Therefore, only the semi-solid food can be attached to the stone to prevent diffusion, and the condition that the palmarosa can eat the artificial feed can be met. Therefore, when the artificial feeding is carried out, the semisolid food is coated on the grid of the artificial stone. The semisolid food is prepared by mixing filamentous algae such as Spirulina with common fish feed binder. More specifically, the fish paste mainly comprises wet filamentous algae such as spirulina and 10% minced fish meat, and is preferably blended with an edible adhesive to disperse the fish paste. In the specific feeding process, a rope can be tied on the artificial stone, and the artificial stone can be directly put down after the artificial stone is fully coated with food. After the feeding is finished, the artificial stone is pulled up and cleaned and disinfected for the next feeding. The feeding process is simple to operate, and the feeding is carried out without manual operation. And if the feeding is finished, food residues are left on the artificial stone and can be taken out in time, so that the problem that the food residues pollute the water quality is avoided.
The feeding of the barracuda is generally divided into daytime feeding and nighttime feeding. The feeding amount is 5 percent of the total weight of the stocked barracuda, and is properly adjusted according to the water temperature and the feeding condition on the basis. If the barracuda is in the rapid growth period, the maximum food intake for occasional reading can be more than 80%. However, the feeding amount in this period should not exceed 80% to prevent obesity.
Preferably, cobblestones are laid on the bottom of the culture pond 1 to serve as a still water swimming area of the barracuda for normal foraging and activities.
And an information acquisition step, which is used for monitoring and acquiring the activity, growth and reproduction state information of the barracuda in the activity area, the hidden area and the feeding area. Specifically, all install a plurality of cameras in each region of breeding pond 1, realize carrying out no dead angle control to the barracuda oil fish. The activities, the growth and the reproduction behaviors of the Pacific oil fish are recorded through video recording, so that corresponding information is obtained, and the living and the reproduction habits of the Pacific oil fish are conveniently researched.
In addition, install the temperature sensor who is used for monitoring each regional temperature in each region, realize noting corresponding temperature when observing the oil fish activity condition of palmarosa to supply the better study of oil fish of palmarosa of technical staff.
The monitoring of the acquired information mainly comprises: the feeding time, the breeding water temperature and the water flow rate of the barracuda; the roe is adhered to stone and incubated in water in a water pit or in a dark hole; whether the parent fish protects the eggs or eats the eggs or not; the relationship between different season changes and growth and reproduction behaviors. The growth rule and the reproduction behavior of the barracuda can be determined by the technical personnel through the research on the information. And further, the method can provide a basis for artificial propagation and cultivation of the Pacific oil fish, can expand the cultivation range, and has important significance for germplasm resource protection, fishery utilization, promotion of local economic development and improvement of the quality of life of people.
An ecological breeding system of the palmarosa is constructed into an activity place, a hidden place and a feeding place for the growth and the propagation of the palmarosa by applying an ecological breeding method of the palmarosa, and the monitoring device is used for observing the palmarosa in the activity place, the hidden place and the feeding place so as to obtain the activity, the growth and the propagation information of the palmarosa.
Through the construction of the ecological breeding system of the palmarosa, the palmarosa is artificially fed, the growth and breeding habits of the palmarosa can be observed in the whole process, effective data information is collected, and a basis is provided for artificial breeding and breeding. And the ecological breeding system is easy to construct, has perfect functions, can effectively simulate the wild ecological environment of the Pacific oil fish, and ensures that the obtained information is more reliable and effective.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the structure of the invention, which will not affect the effect of the invention and the practicability of the patent.

Claims (10)

1. An ecological breeding method of Pacific oil fish is characterized by comprising the following steps:
an activity area construction step, which is used for providing an activity area for the Pacific oil fish to swim against water;
a hidden area construction step, which is used for providing shelter and a hidden area for breeding for the palmarosa;
a feeding area construction step for providing a feeding area for the samara;
and an information acquisition step, which is used for monitoring and acquiring the activity, growth and reproduction state information of the barracuda in the activity area, the hidden area and the feeding area.
2. The ecological breeding method of Pacific oil fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of constructing the activity area specifically comprises:
a slow-step type water flowing channel is arranged in the culture pond (1) and provides a plurality of slopes of backwater swimming areas for the samaragus, and the water flowing channel is used for stimulating the growth and development of the samaragus.
3. The ecological breeding method of the palmarosa according to claim 2, characterized in that the water flow channel comprises a water flow slope (2) and a plurality of water pits (3); the slope of flowing water slope (2) sets up in breeding pond (1), and is a plurality of water nest (3) set up the top in flowing water slope (2), breed the higher one end in flowing water slope (2) in first water inlet (4) of pond (1) and establish, the lower one end in flowing water slope (2) is linked together with the bottom of the pool of breeding pond (1).
4. The ecological breeding method of the palmarosa oil fish is characterized in that the water nest (3) is arranged into a semicircular barrel-shaped nest groove to provide a rest area for the palmarosa oil fish.
5. The ecological breeding method of the Pacific oil fish as claimed in claim 3, wherein the slopes between two adjacent water basins (3) are different, and the slopes between the water basins (3) are gradually reduced from one end close to the first water inlet (4) to the bottom of the breeding pond (1).
6. The ecological breeding method of Pacific oil fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hidden area constructing step specifically comprises:
one side of the culture pond (1) far away from the movable area is provided with a hidden hole (5), one side of the hidden hole (5) close to the bottom of the culture pond (1) is provided with a plurality of holes communicated with the bottom of the pond, and the bottom of the hidden hole (5) is higher than the bottom of the culture pond (1).
7. The ecological breeding method of the palmarosa according to the claim 6, characterized in that a second water inlet is added in the breeding pond (1) to supply water to the dark hole (5).
8. The ecological breeding method of the barracuda according to claim 1, wherein the feeding area constructing step specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a plurality of scattered feeding areas are divided in the bottom of a culture pond (1), a plurality of feeding tables (6) are placed in the feeding areas, and the surfaces of the feeding tables (6) are covered with grid pieces for placing feed for allowing the Pacific oil fish to scrape.
9. The ecological farming method of Paimaichus polyactii according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that cobblestones are laid on the bottom of the farming pond (1) as a still water swimming area of Paimaichus polyactii.
10. An ecological breeding system of the palmarosa is characterized in that the ecological breeding method of the palmarosa according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied to be constructed as an activity place, a hidden place and a feeding place for the growth and the propagation of the palmarosa, and the monitoring device is used for observing the palmarosa in the activity place, the hidden place and the feeding place to obtain the activity, the growth and the propagation information of the palmarosa.
CN202210096280.5A 2022-01-26 2022-01-26 Ecological breeding system and method for Pacific oil fish Pending CN114403056A (en)

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CN104041449A (en) * 2014-04-04 2014-09-17 复旦大学 Trachidermus fasciatus breeding and culturing workshop system for simulating natural ecological environment
CN105900889A (en) * 2016-05-30 2016-08-31 昆明理工大学 Slope type schizothorax taliensis artificial propagation spawning device
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吴晓春: "中国南方淡水鱼类原色图鉴", 河南科学技术出版社, pages: 188 *

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