CN114379722A

CN114379722A - Pontoon, pontoon system for erecting trestle bridge and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114379722A
Application number: CN202111561854.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘胜
Original assignee: China Railway Fifth Survey and Design Institute Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Fifth Survey and Design Institute Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-16
Filing date: 2021-12-16
Publication date: 2022-04-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a wharf boat, a wharf boat system for erecting a trestle and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of water bridge engineering, wherein the wharf boat is provided with a water bag capable of adjusting self weight, support piles positioned on two sides of the wharf boat and connected with a rotatable pile sinking mechanism, and a steel approach bridge with one end hinged with a wharf boat body and the other end used for extending out the wharf boat body and connecting with other wharf boats; a plurality of above-mentioned wharfboats link to each other and can erect the landing stage fast on water, have satisfied the demand of emergency engineering, simultaneously, have realized that landing stage during operation on water is not influenced by sea conditions such as wave, can be under construction at abominable sea condition.

Description

Pontoon, pontoon system for erecting trestle bridge and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of water bridge engineering, in particular to a wharf boat, a wharf boat system for erecting a trestle and a construction method of the wharf boat system.

Background

The existing water trestle comprises a fixed trestle with a pile foundation and a floating trestle spliced by floating boxes. The fixed trestle pile foundation construction utilizes a pile driving barge or a construction platform or land to drive the pile on water by utilizing a pile driver, and after the pile foundation is formed, the beam slab construction is carried out at the upper part to finally form the fixed trestle.

The existing fixed trestle cannot be moved, the construction procedure is complex, the construction period is long, and the position is basically fixed and difficult to move after the trestle is built. The floating trestle cannot normally operate under a large sea condition. The existing fixed trestle has the practical problems that the construction period is too long, so that the emergency rescue operation is not facilitated, and the floating trestle cannot normally work under the condition of a larger sea condition.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the present disclosure provides a pontoon, a pontoon system for erecting a trestle and a construction method thereof.

The utility model provides a wharf boat, which comprises a wharf boat body, a bridge approach mechanism, a support pile and a pile sinking mechanism;

the pontoon body is internally provided with a water bag capable of adjusting the water storage quantity and is used for adjusting the dead weight of the pontoon body;

the bridge approach mechanism comprises a steel bridge approach, one end of the steel bridge approach is hinged with the pontoon local, and the other end of the steel bridge approach rotates around a hinged shaft to extend out of the pontoon body for being connected with other pontoons;

the quantity of support stake is two at least, and two piece at least support stake are connected in the both sides of wharf boat body, support stake through pile sinking mechanism rotatable and gliding with wharf boat body coupling.

Optionally, the pile sinking mechanism comprises a first pile gripper, a second pile gripper, a first mechanical arm and a first rotating shaft; the first pile gripper and the second pile gripper are respectively matched with the supporting pile in a grippable manner and used for griping and loosening the supporting pile; the first rotating shaft is matched with the pontoon body in a rotating way and is connected with the second pile gripper and used for rotating the supporting pile to a state vertical to the horizontal plane; the first mechanical arm is of a telescopic structure, one end of the first mechanical arm is rotatably connected with the first rotating shaft, and the other end of the first mechanical arm is connected with the first pile gripper.

Optionally, a winch is arranged on the supporting pile, a steel wire rope is wound on the winch, and the steel wire rope is connected with the pontoon body.

Optionally, pile sinking mechanism still includes pile sinking telescopic machanism, pile sinking telescopic machanism's base is articulated with the wharf boat, pile sinking telescopic machanism's pars contractilis with articulated with the one end of first force arm, the other end and the first pivot connection of the first force arm for the control supports the stake and rotates.

Optionally, the pile gripper further comprises a first pile-embracing expansion mechanism and a second pile-embracing expansion mechanism, wherein the first pile-embracing device is provided with an annular first opening, and two ends of the first opening are respectively provided with a first opening upper jaw and a first opening lower jaw; one end of the first pile-embracing telescopic mechanism is connected with the first opening upper jaw, and the other end of the first pile-embracing telescopic mechanism is connected with the first opening lower jaw through a first connecting piece;

the pile embracing device is provided with an annular second opening, a second opening upper jaw and a second opening lower jaw are arranged at two ends of the second opening respectively, two ends of the second pile embracing telescopic mechanism are connected with the second opening upper jaw, and the other end of the second pile embracing telescopic mechanism is connected with the second opening lower jaw through a second connecting piece.

Optionally, the support pile is provided with a piling device.

Optionally, the system further comprises a central control system and a positioning instrument arranged on the support pile, wherein the positioning instrument is used for recording an elevation signal in the pile sinking process; the central control system is arranged on the pontoon body and is in signal connection with the positioning instrument and the piling equipment.

Optionally, the approach bridge mechanism further comprises a second rotating shaft, an approach bridge telescopic mechanism and a second mechanical arm; the steel approach bridge is connected to the second rotating shaft; the second rotating shaft is connected with the pontoon body through a telescopic second mechanical arm; the approach bridge telescopic mechanism is hinged with one end of a second force arm, and the other end of the second force arm is hinged with a second rotating shaft and used for controlling the steel approach bridge to rotate.

The utility model provides a set up pontoon system of landing stage, including a plurality of above-mentioned pontoons.

The present disclosure also provides a method for constructing a pontoon system for erecting a trestle, comprising the following steps:

s1, after the pontoon is arranged at the preset erection position, the support pile is rotated to the position vertical to the horizontal plane;

s2, loosening the support piles to enable the support piles to sink into the underwater soil body under the action of gravity;

s3, sinking the support pile through the pile sinking mechanism until the support pile meets the bearing requirement;

s4, adjusting the pontoon body to the target height of the trestle;

s5, rotating the steel bridge approach to make the steel bridge approach extend out of the pontoon body and connect with another pontoon.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following advantages:

the pontoon provided by the disclosure is provided with a water bag capable of adjusting the dead weight, supporting piles positioned at two sides of the pontoon and connected with a rotatable pile sinking mechanism, and a steel approach bridge, wherein one end of the steel approach bridge is hinged with the pontoon body, and the other end of the steel approach bridge is used for extending out of the pontoon body and connected with other pontoons; a plurality of above-mentioned wharfboats link to each other and can erect the landing stage fast on water, have satisfied the demand of emergency engineering, simultaneously, have realized that landing stage during operation on water is not influenced by sea conditions such as wave, can be under construction at abominable sea condition.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a pontoon according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 2 is a front view of the pontoon according to the embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a pontoon when the support piles are vertical and horizontal according to the embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a second pile gripper according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 5 is a partial schematic view of a second pile gripper according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a first pile gripper according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating an operation principle of the pile sinking expansion mechanism according to the embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrating an operation principle of the approach bridge telescoping mechanism according to the embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the steel approach bridge rotating around a second rotating shaft according to the embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of the working principle of the connection of the steel approach bridge and the adjacent pontoon according to the embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of a pontoon system for erecting a trestle according to the embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 12 is a partial schematic view of a support pile according to an embodiment of the disclosure

Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating a construction method of a pontoon system for erecting a trestle according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Wherein, 1, a pontoon body; 2. supporting piles; 21. a piling device; 211. a pile hammer; 212. a cylinder; 213. a steel plate; 214. an oil spray pipe; 22. a winch; 23. a wire rope; 3. a first rotating shaft; 31. a first robot arm; 32. pile sinking telescopic mechanism; 33. a first force arm 4 and a first pile gripper; 41. a first arc-shaped steel plate; 42. a first copper liner; 43. a first connecting member; 44. a first open upper jaw; 45. a first pile embracing telescopic mechanism; 46. a first opening; 47. a first open lower jaw; 48. a vibrator; 5. a second pile gripper; 51. a second arc-shaped steel plate; 52. a second copper liner; 53. a second connecting member; 54. a second open upper jaw; 55. a second pile embracing telescopic mechanism; 56. a second opening; 57. a second open lower jaw; 6. a water bag; 7. a water pump; 71. a suction pipe; 8. steel approach bridges; 81. a second rotating shaft; 82. a bridge approach telescopic mechanism; 83. a second mechanical arm; 84. a second moment arm; 9. a positioning instrument; 10. a first bracket; 11. a second bracket; A. water line; B. and (5) mud surface.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, aspects of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced in other ways than those described herein; it is to be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the specification are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments.

In the prior art, the construction period of a fixed elevated trestle usually needs several months, and the requirement of the positioning error of the butt joint of bridge floors cannot be met under the severe working condition of large water surface storms, so that the construction process is influenced, and the emergency construction requirement under some emergency conditions cannot be met.

In order to solve the technical problem, the present disclosure provides a pontoon, a pontoon system for erecting a trestle, and a construction method thereof.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a pontoon according to some embodiments of the present disclosure includes a pontoon body 1, a bridge approach mechanism, a support pile 2, and a pile sinking mechanism;

the pontoon body 1 is internally provided with a water bag 6 capable of adjusting the water storage quantity and used for adjusting the dead weight of the pontoon body 1;

the bridge approach mechanism comprises a steel approach bridge 8, one end of the steel approach bridge 8 is hinged with the pontoon local, and the other end of the steel approach bridge 8 rotates around a hinged shaft to extend out of the pontoon body 1 for being connected with other pontoons;

the quantity of prop stake 2 is two at least, and two piece at least prop 2 and connect in the both sides of wharf boat body 1, prop 2 through pile sinking mechanism rotatable with gliding be connected with wharf boat body 1.

Above-mentioned wharf boat possesses pile sinking mechanism and the stake of support 2 that is used for fixed landing stage simultaneously to and be used for the steel access bridge 8 of being connected with other wharf boats, and be used for gripping pile sinking mechanism and the steel access bridge 8 of support stake 2 and all with 1 swing joint of wharf boat body, can pack up above-mentioned structure when transporting the wharf boat, can develop pile sinking and wharf boat concatenation work rapidly after reacing predetermined mounted position.

By adopting the pontoon, the construction period of the trestle can be controlled within 1 hour, and the requirement of an emergency state can be met; auxiliary equipment such as a pile driving boat, a water platform and the like is not needed, and the construction operation cost is low; in addition, the pontoon is convenient to transport in emergency, can erect fast on water and replace the functional method of fixed landing stage.

In some embodiments, the pile sinking mechanism comprises a first pile gripper 4, a second pile gripper 5, a first robot arm 31 and a first rotating shaft 3; the first pile gripper 4 and the second pile gripper are respectively in grippable fit with the support pile 2 and used for gripping and releasing the support pile 2; the first rotating shaft 3 is matched with the pontoon body 1 in a rotating way and is connected with the second pile gripper 5 and used for rotating the supporting pile 2 to a state of vertical horizontal plane; the first mechanical arm 31 is of a telescopic structure, one end of the first mechanical arm 31 is rotatably connected with the first rotating shaft 3, and the other end of the first mechanical arm 31 is connected with the first pile gripper 4.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the first bracket 10 and the second bracket 11 used for reinforcing the support pile 2 during transportation are removed, and after rotating the support pile 2 to a vertical horizontal plane, the first pile gripper 4 is made to grip the support column; then, the water bag 6 is filled with water through the water suction pipe 71 and the water pump 7 which are communicated with the water bag 6 of the pontoon, so that the weight of the pontoon is increased; and starting the first mechanical arm 31 fixed on the first rotating shaft 3 to lift the pontoon upwards, loosening the first pile gripper 4 after the first mechanical arm 31 reaches the maximum elongation, gripping the second pile gripper with the support pile 2, then starting the first mechanical arm 31 to move the first pile gripper 4 upwards, and repeating the operations until the sunk pile meets the bearing capacity requirement and then the water in the water bag 6 is filled.

In some embodiments, the support pile 2 is provided with a winch 22, a steel cable 23 is wound on the winch 22, and the steel cable 23 is connected with the pontoon body 1.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 3 and 12, the pile can be sunk by static pressure, and the specific implementation mode is as follows: firstly, fill water in the water bag 6 and make the weight of the pontoon increase, then start the capstan winch 22 on the top of the stake 2 and upwards lift the pontoon, utilize the heavy load at the top of the stake 2 to carry out the static pressure pile sinking, empty the water in the water bag 6 after the pile sinking satisfies the bearing capacity requirement.

As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments, the pile sinking mechanism further includes a pile sinking expansion mechanism 32, a base of the pile sinking expansion mechanism 32 is hinged to the pontoon, an expansion portion of the pile sinking expansion mechanism 32 is hinged to one end of the first force arm 33, and the other end of the first force arm 33 is hinged to the first rotating shaft 3 for controlling the support pile 2 to rotate. After the wharf boat reaches the preset position of the trestle, the wharf boat plane position can be selectively fixed and adjusted by the anchor cable, and then the supporting pile 2 is adjusted to be in a state of a vertical horizontal plane through the pile sinking telescopic mechanism 32 and the first force arm 33 which is respectively hinged with the pile sinking telescopic mechanism 32 and the first rotating shaft 3.

With reference to fig. 4 to 6, in some embodiments, the pile gripper further includes a column telescoping mechanism, a first annular opening 46 is provided on the first pile gripper 4, and a first opening upper jaw 44 and a first opening lower jaw 47 are respectively provided at two ends of the first opening 46; one end of the first pile-embracing expansion mechanism 45 is connected with the first opening upper jaw 44, and the other end is connected with the first opening lower jaw 47 through a first connecting piece 43;

an annular second opening 56 is formed in the second pile embracing device, and a second opening upper jaw 54 and a second opening lower jaw 57 are respectively arranged at two ends of the second opening 56; two ends of the second pile-embracing expansion mechanism 55 are connected with the second opening upper jaw 54, and the other ends are connected with the second opening lower jaw 57 through a second connecting piece 53.

In the above embodiment, a first copper lining 42 is disposed on a contact surface between the first pile gripper 4 and the support pile 2, a first arc-shaped steel plate 41 is wrapped around the first copper lining 42, a first opening upper jaw 44 and a first opening lower jaw 47 are disposed at a first opening 46, the first connecting piece 43 and the first opening lower jaw 47 are connected to form a frame structure, a first pile-gripping telescopic mechanism 45 is disposed on the first connecting piece 43, the first pile-gripping telescopic mechanism 45 is in contact with the first opening upper jaw 44, and the first opening 46 can be controlled to open and close by the first pile-gripping telescopic mechanism 45, so that the first pile gripper 4 is controlled to grasp or loosen the support pile 2. The first pile gripper 4 is also provided with a vibrator 48 for loosening soil during pile sinking and pile pulling; the first pile gripper 4 is fixedly connected with one end of the first mechanical arm 31, and the other end of the first mechanical arm 31 is hinged with the first rotating shaft 3. A second copper lining 52 is arranged on the contact surface of the second pile gripper 5 and the support pile 2, a second arc-shaped steel plate 51 is wrapped outside the second copper lining 52, a second opening upper jaw 54 and a second opening lower jaw 57 are arranged at the position of a second opening 56, a second connecting piece 53 is connected with the second opening lower jaw 57 to form a frame structure, a second pile-gripping telescopic mechanism 55 is arranged on the second connecting piece 53, the second pile-gripping telescopic mechanism 55 is in contact with the second opening upper jaw 54, the opening and closing of the second opening 56 can be controlled through the second pile-gripping telescopic mechanism 55, and then the second pile gripper 5 is controlled to grasp or loosen the support pile 2.

In some embodiments, as shown in connection with figures 1 and 12, the support pile 2 is provided with a pile driving apparatus 21. In the above embodiment, the piling device 21 has the cylinder 212 formed by the pile upper sealing steel plate 213, the piston-like pile hammer 211 is disposed in the cylinder 212, the oil spraying pipe 214 is disposed at the bottom of the cylinder 212, and when the pile hammer 211 falls down to compress the air in the cylinder 212 and the diesel oil mist sprayed from the oil spraying pipe 214 is exploded, the pile hammer 211 is bounced, so that the detonation and the falling hammering of the pile hammer 211 make the pile body sink continuously to the preset bearing capacity, and then the pile top winch 22 is started to lift the pontoon upwards.

With reference to fig. 1 to 3, in some embodiments, the system further includes a central control system and a positioning instrument 9 disposed on the support pile 2, where the positioning instrument 9 is configured to record an elevation signal during pile sinking; the central control system is arranged on the pontoon body 1 and is in signal connection with the positioning instrument 9 and the piling equipment 21. In the working process of pile sinking and trestle connection, the position indicator 9 feeds back the elevation signal to the central control system, and the pile sinking speed of pile sinking equipment on each pile foundation is adjusted according to the elevation signal of the position indicator 9, so that the pile sinking speed is balanced to ensure that the pontoon is in the controllable error range of the horizontal plane. When the landing stage is in a settlement displacement during the working process, the central control system controls the winch 22 to lift or lower the pontoon according to the signal of the positioning instrument 9, so that the height of the pontoon is within a controllable error range.

As shown in fig. 1, 8 and 10, in some embodiments, the approach mechanism further includes a second rotating shaft 81, an approach telescoping mechanism 82 and a second mechanical arm 83; the steel approach bridge 8 is connected to the second rotating shaft 81; the second rotating shaft 81 is connected with the pontoon body 1 through a telescopic second mechanical arm 83; the bridge approach expansion mechanism 82 is hinged with one end of a second force arm 84, and the other end of the second force arm 84 is hinged with a second rotating shaft 81 for controlling the steel bridge approach 8 to rotate. After pile sinking is completed, the pontoon is lifted to a set elevation by using the winch 22 or the mechanical arm, the approach bridge telescopic mechanism 82 is started through the embodiment, the second force arm 84 connected to the second rotating shaft 81 is pushed, the steel approach bridge 8 is rotated and connected with another pontoon, and when the front rear approach bridge has a certain deviation on the plane, the second rotating shaft 81 can be moved through the second mechanical arm 83, so that the steel approach bridge 8 rotates at a certain angle to compensate the deviation on the plane.

In some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is also provided a pontoon system for erecting a pontoon, comprising a plurality of pontoons as described above. The system at least comprises three pile sinking methods:

pile sinking method includes: the pile is sunk by utilizing the gravity of the pontoon and the water bag 6 through the expansion and contraction of the first mechanical arm 31 and the alternate grasping and loosening of the first pile gripper 4 and the second pile gripper on the supporting pile 2;

pile sinking method II: lifting the pontoon filled with water in the water bag 6 to the upper part of the support pile 2 vertical to the water surface for static pressure pile sinking;

pile sinking method III: through the pile driving equipment 21 arranged on the support pile 2, the pile hammer 211 is hammered in the cylinder 212 to the sinking position in a reciprocating manner to meet the bearing capacity requirement.

The three pile sinking methods can be combined, wherein the pile sinking methods (i) and (ii) utilize static pressure for injecting water into the water bag 6, so that the noise is low, and additional auxiliary loading operation is not needed; and the pile sinking method is that the pile sinking equipment 21 is arranged at the upper part of the pile, so that the pile can be sunk quickly, and the construction period can be controlled within 0.5 hour.

In addition, in some embodiments, the pontoon is a hollow steel structure or other materials, can carry self-propelled equipment such as a water turbine, and can also be a common pontoon, and the bottom can be equipped with the hole of being convenient for good closing cap/stopper, is convenient for empty the water in the pontoon.

Referring to fig. 13, in some embodiments, a method for constructing a pontoon system for erecting a trestle bridge includes the steps of:

s1, after the pontoon is arranged at the preset erection position, the supporting pile 2 is rotated to the position vertical to the horizontal plane;

s2, loosening the support pile 2 to enable the support pile 2 to sink into an underwater soil body under the action of gravity;

s3, sinking the support pile 2 through the pile sinking mechanism until the support pile 2 meets the bearing requirement;

s4, adjusting the pontoon body 1 to the target height of the trestle;

s5, rotating the steel bridge approach 8 to make the steel bridge approach 8 extend out of the pontoon body 1 and connect with another pontoon.

In some embodiments, when the elevated trestle needs to be dismantled, the steel approach bridge 8 connected between the pontoons is firstly retracted by the approach bridge mechanism, and then the winch 22 or the first mechanical arm 31 is started to lower the pontoon to the water surface, and the pontoon floats by gravity; then start vibrator 48 on the first pile gripper 4 to utilize the pontoon buoyancy as the platform to make the support pile 2 upwards lift, until pulling out support pile 2, utilize again can grab between first pile gripper and second pile gripper 5 and the support pile 2 and hold the cooperation and promote support pile 2 to preset height, at last through rotating first pivot 3 with support pile 2 revolve to the level, remove the wharf boat, accomplish the demolishment to the landing stage.

It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A wharf boat is characterized by comprising a wharf boat body (1), a bridge approach mechanism, a support pile (2) and a pile sinking mechanism;

a water bag (6) capable of adjusting the water storage quantity is arranged in the pontoon body (1) and is used for adjusting the dead weight of the pontoon body (1);

the bridge approach mechanism comprises a steel bridge approach (8), one end of the steel bridge approach (8) is locally hinged with the pontoon, and the other end of the steel bridge approach (8) rotates around a hinged shaft to extend out of the pontoon body (1) for being connected with other pontoons;

the quantity of stake (2) is two at least, two at least stake (2) are connected the both sides of wharf boat body (1), stake (2) pass through pile sinking mechanism rotatable and gliding with wharf boat body (1) is connected.

2. The pontoon according to claim 1, wherein the pile sinking mechanism comprises a first pile gripper (4), a second pile gripper (5), a first mechanical arm (31) and a first shaft (3); the first pile gripper (4) and the second pile gripper (5) are respectively in grippable fit with the support pile (2) and used for gripping and releasing the support pile (2); the first rotating shaft (3) is in rotating fit with the pontoon body (1) and is connected with the second pile gripper (5) and used for rotating the support pile (2) to a state of vertical to the horizontal plane; the first mechanical arm (31) is of a telescopic structure, one end of the first mechanical arm (31) is rotatably connected with the first rotating shaft (3), and the other end of the first mechanical arm is connected with the first pile gripper (4).

3. The pontoon as claimed in claim 2, wherein the support pile (2) is provided with a winch (22), a steel cable (23) is wound on the winch (22), and the steel cable (23) is connected with the pontoon body (1).

4. The pontoon of claim 2, wherein the pile sinking mechanism further comprises a pile sinking expansion mechanism (32), the base of the pile sinking expansion mechanism (32) is hinged to the pontoon body (1), the expansion part of the pile sinking expansion mechanism (32) is hinged to one end of the first force arm (33), the other end of the first force arm (33) is connected with the first rotating shaft (3), and the pile sinking expansion mechanism (32) is controlled by expansion to rotate the support pile (2).

5. The pontoon as recited in claim 2, further comprising a first pile embracing expansion mechanism (45) and a second pile embracing expansion mechanism (55), wherein the first pile embracing device (4) is provided with an annular first opening (46), and two ends of the first opening (46) are respectively provided with a first opening upper jaw (44) and a first opening lower jaw (47); one end of the first pile-embracing telescopic mechanism (45) is connected with the first opening upper jaw (44), and the other end of the first pile-embracing telescopic mechanism is connected with the first opening lower jaw (47) through a first connecting piece (43);

an annular second opening (56) is formed in the second pile embracing device (5), and a second opening upper jaw (54) and a second opening lower jaw (57) are respectively arranged at two ends of the second opening (56); two ends of the second pile-embracing telescopic mechanism (55) are connected with the second opening upper jaw (54), and the other end of the second pile-embracing telescopic mechanism is connected with the second opening lower jaw (57) through a second connecting piece (53).

6. Pontoon according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the support piles (2) are provided with pile driving devices (21).

7. The pontoon according to claim 6, further comprising a central control system and a position indicator (9) arranged on the support pile (2), wherein the position indicator (9) is used for recording an elevation signal in the pile sinking process; the central control system is arranged on the pontoon body (1) and is in signal connection with the positioning instrument (9) and the piling equipment (21).

8. The pontoon according to claim 1, wherein the approach mechanism further comprises a second shaft (81), an approach telescoping mechanism (82), and a second mechanical arm (83); the steel approach bridge (8) is connected to the second rotating shaft (81); the second rotating shaft (81) is connected with the pontoon body (1) through the telescopic second mechanical arm (83); the approach bridge telescopic mechanism (82) is hinged to one end of a second force arm (84), and the other end of the second force arm (84) is hinged to a second rotating shaft (81) and used for controlling the steel approach bridge (8) to rotate.

9. A pontoon system for erecting a pontoon, comprising a plurality of pontoons as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A construction method of a wharf boat system for erecting a trestle is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, after the pontoon is arranged at the preset erection position, the support pile (2) is rotated to the position vertical to the horizontal plane;

s2, loosening the support piles (2) to enable the support piles (2) to sink into an underwater soil body under the action of gravity;

s3, sinking the support pile (2) through a pile sinking mechanism until the support pile (2) meets the bearing requirement;

s4, adjusting the pontoon body (1) to the target height of the trestle;

s5, rotating the steel bridge approach (8), so that the steel bridge approach (8) extends out of the pontoon body (1) and is connected with another pontoon.