TWI834746B - Work platform vessel equipped with crane and method of using the crane - Google Patents
Work platform vessel equipped with crane and method of using the crane Download PDFInfo
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- TWI834746B TWI834746B TW108139076A TW108139076A TWI834746B TW I834746 B TWI834746 B TW I834746B TW 108139076 A TW108139076 A TW 108139076A TW 108139076 A TW108139076 A TW 108139076A TW I834746 B TWI834746 B TW I834746B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
- B66C23/52—Floating cranes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
本發明之課題在於提供一種具備起重機之作業台船及其起重機運用方法，上述具備起重機之作業台船使用在淺海區域的海上工程，尤其是使用在著床型之海上風力發電裝置之設置、其維護工程，其可對應於作業對象物之高度容易地變更起重機之懸吊高度，並且於未進行起重機作業之情形下航行時，可降低起重機之高度，從而降低水線上船高，此外，作用於起重機之基部的傾覆力矩較小，且起重機之基部構造之規模較小即可，從而可抑制船體之大型化。 The subject of the present invention is to provide a work platform equipped with a crane and a method for using the crane. The above-mentioned work platform equipped with a crane is used in offshore projects in shallow sea areas, especially in the installation of bed-type offshore wind power generation devices. Maintenance work that can easily change the suspension height of the crane according to the height of the work object, and can lower the height of the crane when sailing without crane operations, thereby reducing the height of the ship on the waterline. In addition, it acts on The overturning moment of the base of the crane is small and the scale of the base structure of the crane is small, thereby suppressing the increase in the size of the hull.
於作業台船1A、1B、1C中，具備有塔式起重機10、10B、10C作為起重機，上述塔式起重機10、10B、10C係堆疊複數個桅桿塊體12a形成塔體12，並於塔體12之最上部載置起重機本體13而所構成，藉由桅桿塊體12a之堆疊個數調整塔體12之高度。 The work platform ships 1A, 1B, and 1C are equipped with tower cranes 10, 10B, and 10C as cranes. The tower cranes 10, 10B, and 10C stack a plurality of mast blocks 12a to form a tower body 12, and are mounted on the tower body. The uppermost part of tower 12 is formed by placing the crane body 13. The height of the tower body 12 is adjusted by the number of stacked mast blocks 12a.
Description
本發明係關於一種使用在淺海區域的海上工程，尤其是使用在著床型之海上風力發電裝置之設置或其維護工程的具備起重機之作業台船及其起重機運用方法。 The present invention relates to a work platform vessel equipped with a crane and a method for using the crane used in offshore projects in shallow sea areas, particularly in the installation of implanted offshore wind power generation devices or maintenance projects thereof.
習知，在淺海區域的海上風力發電裝置之設置、維護中，一般使用搭載有懸臂起重機等之起重機的作業用台船等，該起重機於前端具備有附加滑車(sheave)的格子吊臂。並且，為了確保作業時之起重機作業之穩定性，於起重機作業時在具備有利用升降腳(腿柱(leg)、棒錨(spud))抬高船體之甲板升降式腳柱系統的頂升式作業台船上搭載起重機。 It is known that in the installation and maintenance of offshore wind power generation devices in shallow sea areas, working platforms equipped with cranes such as jib cranes, etc., are generally used. The crane has a lattice boom with an attached sheave at the front end. In addition, in order to ensure the stability of the crane operation during operation, a deck lifting foot column system that uses lifting legs (legs, spuds) to lift the hull is equipped during crane operation. A crane is mounted on the ship with a work platform.
例如，已有一種甲板升降式作業台船(例如參照專利文獻1)，其係在具備有複數根頂升腳的頂升式作業台船中，於甲板上設置行駛軌道，並行駛自如地設置可迴旋地設置有吊桿的移動作業台車；或提出設置有頂升腿與大小之第1起重機及第2起重機的特殊作業台船(例如參照專利文獻2)等。 For example, there is a deck lift-type work platform ship (for example, refer to Patent Document 1), which is a jack-type work platform ship equipped with a plurality of jack-up legs. A driving track is provided on the deck and can be freely moved. A mobile work trolley equipped with a boom that can be pivoted; or a special work trolley equipped with a lifting leg and a first and second crane of different sizes has been proposed (for example, refer to Patent Document 2).
又，有一種海洋構造物之搬運及設置用船舶(例如參照專利文獻3)，其係於半潛水式船體中具備有甲板升降式腳柱系統，並且具備有可沿著船體之兩舷側之側壁部上的軌道系統移動的門型起重機、高架起重機，於進行利用該門型起重機將海洋構造物自側壁之後 方突出部之間卸下的作業時，使甲板升降式腳柱下降至海底成為固定船體的狀態。 In addition, there is a ship for transporting and installing marine structures (for example, refer to Patent Document 3), which is equipped with a deck lift-type leg system in a semi-submersible hull, and is equipped with a ship that can move along both sides of the hull. Gantry cranes and overhead cranes that move the rail system on the side wall are used to lift marine structures from the side wall. During the operation of unloading between the square protrusions, the deck lifting foot column is lowered to the seabed to become a fixed state of the hull.
又，亦有一種海上風車設置用船舶(例如參照專利文獻4)，其係於具備有複數根頂升腳的頂升船上搭載有懸臂起重機等之船上起重機，並且為了有效利用甲板上之空間，而於船上起重機之迴旋中心部貫通配置有所升降的頂升腳中之至少一根。 In addition, there is also a ship for installing offshore wind turbines (for example, see Patent Document 4), which is a jacking ship equipped with a plurality of jacking legs and is equipped with a shipboard crane such as a jib crane, and in order to effectively utilize the space on the deck, At least one of the lifting legs that can be raised and lowered is disposed through the swing center of the ship's crane.
進而，揭示有一種技術(例如參照專利文獻5)，於藉由被固定於海底的可上下移動之腿部(腿柱(leg))被支撐於海上的頂升式海上構造物中，於貫通該腿部的導航塔(筒狀之支撐構造)上可旋轉地設置起重機，將導航塔作為起重機之支撐構造。 Furthermore, a technique has been disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 5) for a jack-type offshore structure supported on the sea by vertically movable legs (legs) fixed to the seabed. The crane is rotatably installed on the navigation tower (cylindrical support structure) of the leg, and the navigation tower serves as the support structure of the crane.
另一方面，於陸地上之山區等中，因用於運輸、設置的起重機裝置之容量等而對風車之大小產生制約，但與此相比，於海上之風力發電裝置之情形時，該風車之大小之制約較少。又，於海上風力發電裝置之情形時，於設置工程所占之成本之比率中與設置台數大致成比例的成本龐大，因此為了削減成本需要減少設置台數，並期望每台風車之大容量化。例如，於現狀下，最高級別之風車每台發電量為7MW級，並預期於數年內成為10MW級。可考慮到該10MW級之風車之懸吊高度達到200m。 On the other hand, in mountainous areas on land, etc., the size of the windmill is restricted due to the capacity of the crane device used for transportation and installation. However, in the case of offshore wind power generation equipment, the size of the windmill is There are few size restrictions. In addition, in the case of offshore wind turbines, the cost ratio of the installation construction cost is huge in proportion to the number of installations. Therefore, in order to reduce costs, it is necessary to reduce the number of installations and to achieve a large capacity of each wind turbine. change. For example, under the current situation, the highest level of power generation per wind turbine is 7MW, and is expected to become 10MW within a few years. It can be considered that the suspension height of this 10MW windmill reaches 200m.
然而，於上述專利文獻等中提出之起重機無法調整其設置高度，又，無法變更起重機之懸吊高度。因此，隨著風車之大容量化，當所需之懸吊高度變高時，即便懸吊荷重並沒有相對地變大，為了確保較高之懸吊高度，亦使所需之吊桿長度變長。 However, the installation height of the crane proposed in the above-mentioned patent documents and the like cannot be adjusted, and the suspension height of the crane cannot be changed. Therefore, as the capacity of windmills increases, when the required suspension height becomes higher, even if the suspension load does not increase correspondingly, in order to ensure a higher suspension height, the required suspension rod length also becomes larger. long.
其結果為，儘管作業台船之甲板面積、堆載重量之制約較大，亦需要增大起重機之容量。例如，存在有即便針對100t以內之懸吊荷重亦使用1000t級以上之懸臂起重機之例。設置該大容量之懸臂起重機需要較大之設置場所。 As a result, although the deck area and stowage weight of the work platform ship are greatly restricted, the capacity of the crane still needs to be increased. For example, there are cases where a jib crane of 1000t or more class is used even for a suspended load of less than 100t. Installing this large-capacity jib crane requires a large installation space.
該等起重機之大容量化導致起重機重量之增加。存在有如下問題：因於該等起重機中，成為起重機之荷重與懸吊物之荷重直接或經由導航塔等由海上構造物所承受的構成，故對應於起重機之重量之增加，起重機支撐構造之規模變大。 The increase in capacity of these cranes has resulted in an increase in the weight of the cranes. There is a problem that in these cranes, the load of the crane and the load of the suspended object are borne directly or by offshore structures such as navigation towers. Therefore, in response to the increase in the weight of the crane, the crane support structure The scale gets bigger.
另一方面，於起重機之種類中，存在有設置面積較小，且懸吊能力幾乎不依存於高度的塔式起重機。該塔式起重機亦稱為攀升式懸臂起重機，被使用於高樓、大型建築物之建設、或者用於水壩之混凝土澆鑄等(例如參照專利文獻6、7)。 On the other hand, among the types of cranes, there are tower cranes whose installation area is small and whose suspension capacity hardly depends on the height. This tower crane is also called a climbing jib crane and is used in the construction of high-rise buildings and large buildings, or in the concrete casting of dams (see, for example, Patent Documents 6 and 7).
該塔式起重機於工程現場設置基底台座並於其上建立藉由複數個桅桿塊體(起重機塔身：柱)所組裝而成的塔體，於其上設置並組裝具有迴旋架構的起重機本體。該桅桿塊體配合工程之進行狀況而被添加，隨之起重機本體上升，懸吊高度變高。並且，工程結束後，塔體與起重機本體被拆卸，被移送至其他之工程現場，並再次被組裝，從而被重複使用。 This tower crane sets a base platform at the project site and builds a tower body assembled from a plurality of mast blocks (crane tower body: column) on it, and sets and assembles the crane body with a revolving structure on it. The mast block is added in accordance with the progress of the project. As the crane body rises, the suspension height becomes higher. Moreover, after the completion of the project, the tower body and the crane body were disassembled, moved to other project sites, and reassembled for reuse.
[先前技術文獻] [Prior technical literature]
[專利文獻] [Patent Document]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2011-183835號公報 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-183835
[專利文獻2]日本專利特開2004-1750號公報 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-1750
[專利文獻3]日本專利特開2012-76738號公報 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-76738
[專利文獻4]日本專利特開2013-170493號公報 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2013-170493
[專利文獻5]美國專利第4652177號說明書 [Patent Document 5] U.S. Patent No. 4652177 Specification
[專利文獻6]日本專利特開2009-280367號公報 [Patent Document 6] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2009-280367
[專利文獻7]日本專利特開平5-178566號公報 [Patent Document 7] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-178566
於該狀況下，本發明者獲得如下見解。若可於經大容量化及大型化且懸吊高度不斷增加的最新型風車之海上設置中使用該塔式起重機，則可於未使用大型起重機船之情形下設置該風車，並可大幅地削減設置時之成本。又，不僅是設置時之成本，於海上設置完畢之著床型海上風車之維護時亦無需昂貴之起重機船，因此可大幅地提高在風車之壽命內之經濟性。進而，於在港灣內組裝海上風車後利用船尾成為叉形狀的搬運船等運出之情形時，亦可藉由在港灣內組裝塔式起重機而容易地使用作為可使用於該組裝、運出的起重機。 Under this situation, the present inventors obtained the following findings. If this tower crane can be used in the offshore installation of the latest wind turbines that have increased in capacity and size and have increasing suspension heights, the wind turbines can be installed without using large crane ships and can be significantly reduced. Cost of setup. In addition, not only the installation cost, but also the maintenance of the bed-type offshore windmill after it is installed at sea does not require an expensive crane ship, so the economical efficiency during the life of the windmill can be greatly improved. Furthermore, when an offshore wind turbine is assembled in a harbor and then transported out using a transport ship with a fork-shaped stern, etc., a tower crane can be easily assembled in the harbor and used for the assembly and shipment. Crane.
本發明係鑒於上述狀況而完成者，其目的在於提供一種具備起重機之作業台船及其起重機運用方法，其在具備有使用在淺海區域的海上工程，尤其是使用在著床型之海上風力發電裝置之設置或其之維護工程的起重機的作業台船中，其可對應於作業對象物之高度而容易地變更起重機之懸吊高度，並且可於未進行起重機作業之情形下航行時，降低起重機之高度，從而降低水線上船高，此外，作用於起重機之基部的傾覆力矩較小，且起重機之基部構造之規模較小即可，從而可抑制作業台船之船體之大型化。 The present invention was completed in view of the above situation, and its purpose is to provide a work platform ship equipped with a crane and a method for using the crane, which can be used in offshore projects in shallow sea areas, especially in offshore wind power generation of the bed type. In the work platform of the crane for the installation of the device or its maintenance work, the suspension height of the crane can be easily changed according to the height of the work object, and the crane can be lowered when sailing without crane operation. The height of the crane can be reduced, thereby reducing the height of the ship on the waterline. In addition, the overturning moment acting on the base of the crane is small, and the scale of the base structure of the crane can be small, thereby suppressing the increase in the size of the hull of the work platform vessel.
用以達到如上述之目的之本發明之具備起重機之作業台船係使用起重機於海上構造物之設置者，其特徵在於：其具備有塔式起重機作為上述起重機，該塔式起重機係堆疊複數個桅桿塊體形成塔體，並於上述塔體之最上部載置起重機本體而所構成，其藉由上述桅桿塊體之堆疊個數調整上述塔體之高度。 The work platform ship equipped with a crane according to the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned objects is a work platform ship equipped with a crane that is installed on an offshore structure using a crane, and is characterized in that it is equipped with a tower crane as the above-mentioned crane, and a plurality of the tower cranes are stacked The mast blocks form a tower body, and the crane body is placed on the uppermost part of the tower body. The height of the tower body is adjusted by the number of stacked mast blocks.
該塔式起重機以如下方式所構成：根據其形狀，關於施加於塔體的荷重，極力減小傾覆力矩，從而使鉛直方向之荷重成為主體。因此，在強度方面上與其他種類之起重機的支撐構造(基礎構造)相比有所減輕。其結果為，於起重機之支撐構造所需的構件重量、甲板面積少於具備其他種類之起重機的習知技術之作業台船即可。因此，可抑制起重機搭載所需之作業台船之甲板面積、重量變大，從而可抑制作業台船大型化。 This tower crane is configured in such a way that the overturning moment is minimized with respect to the load applied to the tower body due to its shape, so that the load in the vertical direction becomes the main component. Therefore, it is lighter in strength than the support structure (basic structure) of other types of cranes. As a result, the component weight and deck area required for the crane's support structure are less than those of conventional work platform ships equipped with other types of cranes. Therefore, the deck area and weight of the work platform required for mounting the crane can be suppressed from increasing, and the increase in the size of the work platform can be suppressed.
又，於塔式起重機中，堆疊桅桿塊體形成塔體，並於其上設置起重機本體。該塔體可於進行起重機作業時，藉由增加桅桿塊體之堆疊個數容易地提高「起重機高度」。因此，可容易地提高可吊起預先被設定的懸吊荷重之懸吊物的「懸吊物高度」。 Moreover, in a tower crane, mast blocks are stacked to form a tower body, and a crane body is installed thereon. This tower can easily increase the "crane height" by increasing the stacking number of mast blocks during crane operations. Therefore, it is possible to easily increase the "suspended object height" of the suspended object that can lift a preset suspended load.
又，於未進行起重機作業之情形下航行時，可藉由減少桅桿塊體之堆疊個數降低「起重機高度」，因此可容易地降低水面至船體構造物之最高處(最頂端)之高度即「水線上船高」。 In addition, when sailing without crane operation, the "crane height" can be reduced by reducing the number of stacked mast blocks. Therefore, the water surface can be easily lowered to the height of the highest point (topmost) of the hull structure. That is "the height of the boat on the waterline".
又，於未進行起重機作業時，卸除形成塔體的桅桿塊體，減少其個數，從而降低塔體之高度，因此可將卸下的桅桿塊體平面地分散配置於作業台船上。可將該桅桿塊體利用作為調整船體之姿勢(縱傾斜(俯仰(trim))、橫傾斜(傾斜(heel)))之重物。因此，於作業台船中，可抑制起重機搭載所需之船體姿勢之調整機構(壓艙櫃之容量等)變大，從而可抑制作業台船大型化。 In addition, when the crane is not in operation, the mast blocks forming the tower can be removed and reduced in number, thus reducing the height of the tower. Therefore, the removed mast blocks can be dispersed and arranged on the work platform ship in a flat manner. This mast block can be used as a weight for adjusting the posture (longitudinal tilt (trim), transverse tilt (heel)) of the hull. Therefore, in the work platform ship, the adjustment mechanism (capacity of the ballast tank, etc.) required for mounting the crane can be suppressed from being enlarged, thereby suppressing the increase in the size of the work platform ship.
關於上述具備起重機之作業台船，上述塔式起重機具備有一面向上述塔體依次添加上述桅桿塊體一面使上述起重機本體上 升，且一面自上述塔體依次卸除上述桅桿塊體一面使上述起重機本體下降的自動升降型之桅桿攀升裝置所構成，則可於未使用輔助起重機等之情形下迅速地將塔式起重機搭建至既定之高度。 Regarding the above-mentioned work platform ship equipped with a crane, the above-mentioned tower crane has a surface on which the above-mentioned mast blocks are sequentially added to the above-mentioned tower body so that the above-mentioned crane body can be The tower crane can be quickly erected without using an auxiliary crane, etc. to a predetermined height.
關於上述具備起重機之作業台船，若該作業台船係排水量型之作業台船、為於進行起重機作業時船體浮於水面之狀態的半升降式平台(SEP，self elevating platform)之作業台船、為於進行起重機作業時船體高於水面之狀態的全SEP之作業台船的任一種作業台船，則可實現如下效果。 Regarding the above-mentioned work platform equipped with a crane, if the work platform is a displacement type work platform, it is a semi-elevating platform (SEP, self-elevating platform) with the hull floating on the water when the crane is operating. The following effects can be achieved by using a ship or a full-SEP workbench vessel with the hull above the water surface during crane operations.
於作業台船為排水量型之作業台船之情形時，需要於起重機作業時藉由繫泊索等之所構成的繫泊系統、動態船位保持(DPS)系統等保持該船之位置，但無需如SEP(自動升降式作業台船)般之利用頂升而升降的升降腳(腿柱(leg)、棒錨(spud))之構成。 When the work platform vessel is a displacement-type work platform vessel, it is necessary to maintain the position of the vessel through a mooring system composed of mooring ropes, a dynamic position maintaining (DPS) system, etc. during crane operations, but this is not required. It is composed of lifting legs (legs, spuds) that are lifted up and down like a SEP (automatic elevating work platform).
於作業台船為半SEP之情形時，於進行起重機作業時，併用升降腳之支撐力與船體之浮力可使作業台船上升，即便升降腳之頂升處於結束之狀態下亦不會使整個船體上升至高於水面，從而使船體成為浮於水面之狀態。 When the work platform is in a semi-SEP condition, when performing crane operations, the support force of the lifting feet and the buoyancy of the hull can be used to raise the work platform. Even if the lifting of the lifting feet is completed, the operation platform will not be raised. The entire hull rises above the water, causing the hull to float on the water.
於作業台船為全SEP之情形時，於進行起重機作業時，利用升降腳使作業台船之整體上升至高於水面且波浪無法達到的高度，可使其成為作業台船之船體不會受到水面之波浪之影響、潮流之影響的狀態。 When the work platform is fully SEP, during crane operations, the lifting feet can be used to raise the entire work platform to a height above the water surface that cannot be reached by waves, so that the hull of the work platform will not be affected by The state of the influence of waves and currents on the water surface.
再者，於該等半SEP之作業台船、全SEP之作業台船中，於停止塔式起重機之作業而進行航行時，使升降腳離開水底，並使升降腳上升直至升降腳之最下端之部位到達至水面附近，從而在使升降腳被固定在作業台船之甲板的狀態下航行。 Furthermore, in these half-SEP work platform ships and full SEP work platform ships, when stopping the operation of the tower crane and sailing, the lifting feet should leave the water bottom and the lifting feet should be raised to the lowest end of the lifting feet. The position reaches near the water surface, so that the lifting legs are fixed to the deck of the work platform ship and sails.
關於上述具備起重機之作業台船，若於進行起重機作業 時，將支撐上述塔體的基底台座被固定支撐於該作業台船，則可以比較簡單之構造固定支撐塔式起重機。再者，所謂「於進行起重機作業時」，可為在其前後移動，或拆解及組裝。例如，即便於如在作業台船之甲板上被敷設的軌道上可移動地設置基底台座之情形時，只要於進行起重機作業時以無法於軌道上移動之方式進行固定即可。 Regarding the above-mentioned work platform ships equipped with cranes, if crane operations are carried out When the base pedestal supporting the above-mentioned tower body is fixedly supported on the work platform vessel, the tower crane can be fixedly supported with a relatively simple structure. Furthermore, the so-called "while performing crane operations" can mean moving it forward and backward, or dismantling and assembling it. For example, even when the base pedestal is movably installed on a track laid on the deck of a work platform ship, it may be fixed so as not to move on the track during crane operations.
關於上述具備起重機之作業台船，若上述塔式起重機係在組裝上述桅桿塊體所形成的上述塔體之下部，具備有組裝腳部塊體所形成的腳部，如此所構成，並且具備有使上述腳部下降至水中的塔體升降系統所構成，則可實現如下效果。 Regarding the above-mentioned work platform ship equipped with a crane, if the above-mentioned tower crane is attached to the lower part of the above-mentioned tower body formed by assembling the above-mentioned mast block, and has a foot section formed by assembling the above-mentioned foot block, it is constructed in this way, and has It is composed of a tower lifting system that lowers the above-mentioned legs into the water, and the following effects can be achieved.
根據該構成，於進行起重機作業時，藉由塔體升降系統使腳部到達至水底，可將塔式起重機之荷重與懸吊物之荷重之一部分或全部經由桅桿塊體與腳部傳遞至水底，從而被水底所支撐。因此，作業台船之船體側可承擔塔式起重機之荷重與懸吊物之荷重之一部分，或亦可完全不承擔荷重，因此支撐塔式起重機的支撐構造在強度方面上有所減輕。 According to this structure, when the crane is operating, the tower lifting system allows the feet to reach the water bottom, and part or all of the load of the tower crane and the load of the suspended object can be transferred to the water bottom through the mast block and the feet. , thus being supported by the bottom of the water. Therefore, the hull side of the workbench can bear part of the load of the tower crane and the suspended object, or it can not bear the load at all, so the support structure supporting the tower crane is reduced in strength.
即，藉由將塔式起重機使用於風車之海上設置，可解決如下問題：於使用除該塔式起重機以外之起重機時，需要堅固之船體構造作為作業台船之甲板上之塔式起重機之支撐構造，從而設置用以分散起重機荷重的構造，結果因此佔用較大之甲板面積。 That is, by using a tower crane for offshore installation of wind turbines, the following problem can be solved: when using a crane other than this tower crane, a strong hull structure is required for the tower crane on the deck of the work platform ship. A support structure is provided to distribute the load of the crane, thus occupying a larger deck area.
關於上述具備起重機之作業台船，若其係具備有於進行起重機作業時，以相對於該作業台船之船體而容許上述塔式起重機之相對位移的狀態進行支撐的支撐構造而所構成，則可使水底承擔幾乎全部之塔式起重機之荷重與施加於塔式起重機的荷重，從而可顯著地減少作業台船所承受的荷重，並且可解決干涉之問題，即作業台船(平 台)側之動作被傳遞至塔式起重機而對起重機作業產生影響。 Regarding the above-mentioned work platform equipped with a crane, if it is configured with a support structure that supports the relative displacement of the above-mentioned tower crane with respect to the hull of the work platform during crane operations, The bottom of the water can be made to bear almost all the load of the tower crane and the load imposed on the tower crane, thereby significantly reducing the load borne by the operation platform vessel and solving the problem of interference, that is, the operation platform vessel (flat The movements on the platform side are transmitted to the tower crane and affect the crane operation.
即，於將起重機固定於作業台船，從而在作業台船側承擔塔式起重機之荷重與懸吊物之荷重之一部分或全部之情形時，因起重機之懸吊物之荷重之變化與吊桿位置之變化等而使固定有起重機的作業台船之船體姿勢(俯仰(trim)、傾斜(heel))產生變化。因此，需要配合起重機作業之進展，計劃性或定期地藉由壓艙操作及頂升操作所進行之吃水調整。存在有如下問題：藉由該吃水調整所造成之船體姿勢之變化、吃水之變化對塔式起重機之起重機作業產生影響，因此起重機作業發生中斷，從而導致起重機之作業效率顯著降低。 That is, when the crane is fixed to the work platform ship so that part or all of the load of the tower crane and the load of the suspended objects are borne on the side of the work platform ship, due to changes in the load of the crane's suspended objects and the position of the boom Changes in the hull posture (trim, heel) of the work platform ship with the crane fixed will change. Therefore, it is necessary to coordinate the progress of the crane operation with planned or regular draft adjustments through ballast operations and jacking operations. There is the following problem: changes in the hull posture and draft caused by the draft adjustment have an impact on the crane operation of the tower crane, so the crane operation is interrupted, resulting in a significant reduction in the crane's operation efficiency.
關於該干涉之問題，於半SEP型(semi-SEP型)之作業台船中，於起重機作業時因潮水之潮差、懸吊物之重量等而導致浮力變化，或者因波浪、風而導致作業台船晃動，因此成為更重要之問題。 Regarding the problem of interference, in semi-SEP type work platforms, the buoyancy changes due to the tidal range of the tide, the weight of suspended objects, etc., or due to waves or wind during crane operations. The rocking of the workbench vessel therefore becomes a more significant problem.
又，存在有如下問題：於藉由升降腳之頂升，成為使船體完全地抬高至水面上的狀態，從而在進行起重機作業之全SEP型作業台船中，因風之影響等而所導致的船體之晃動、藉由船上機器之作動所導致之振動等傳遞至塔式起重機並放大，故而起重機作業之作業效率降低。一般而言，與半SEP相比，該全SEP型作業台船大多在較嚴峻之海象‧氣象條件下進行作業，因此重要的是解決該問題。 In addition, there is a problem that in a fully SEP type work platform ship that performs crane operations, the hull is completely raised to the water surface by lifting the lifting legs, and the ship may be damaged due to the influence of wind, etc. The resulting shaking of the ship's hull and vibrations caused by the operation of the machinery on the ship are transmitted to the tower crane and amplified, so the operating efficiency of the crane operation is reduced. Generally speaking, compared with half-SEP, the full-SEP type operation platform ship mostly operates under more severe walrus and meteorological conditions, so it is important to solve this problem.
關於該干涉之問題，於進行起重機作業時，卸除塔式起重機與作業台船之間之構造性的結合，或變更為柔軟之連結，藉此可抑制該等作業台船側之動作被傳遞至塔式起重機側。其結果為，可提高起重機作業時尤其是懸吊作業時之起重機作業之作業效率及安全性。 Regarding the problem of interference, when performing crane operations, the structural connection between the tower crane and the work platform ship should be removed or changed to a soft connection, thereby inhibiting the movement of the sides of the work platform ship from being transmitted to Tower crane side. As a result, the operating efficiency and safety of the crane operation during crane operation, especially during suspension operation, can be improved.
再者，於未進行起重機作業之情形下航行時，與升降腳 相同，使塔式起重機之腳部離開水底，並拆解腳部或使其上升直至腳部之最下端之部位到達至水面附近。之後，將塔式起重機之塔體或腳部之任一者或兩者固定於作業台船之甲板，藉此在將塔式起重機固定於作業台船之狀態下航行。 Furthermore, when sailing without crane operations, the lifting feet must be In the same manner, lift the legs of the tower crane off the bottom of the water and disassemble the legs or raise them until the lowermost part of the legs reaches near the water surface. Thereafter, either or both of the tower body or the legs of the tower crane are fixed to the deck of the work platform vessel, thereby sailing with the tower crane fixed to the work platform vessel.
再者，關於具備使腳部觸底之塔式起重機之作業台船，於構成為在進行起重機作業時，在不容許塔式起重機之相對運動之情況下牢固地可固定於船體之情形時，可使用塔式起重機之腳部替代升降腳，因此可相應地省略1根升降腳，從而可縮減甲板面積，並削減1根升降腳之成本。又，可削減用於在現場海域的船體之升降的作業時間與用於塔式起重機之腳部之下降的作業時間。但是，於該構成中，需要用以將塔式起重機固定於船體的堅固之支撐構造。 Furthermore, when a work platform ship equipped with a tower crane that touches the bottom with its feet is constructed so that it can be firmly fixed to the hull without allowing relative movement of the tower crane during crane operations. , the legs of the tower crane can be used instead of the lifting legs, so one lifting leg can be omitted accordingly, thereby reducing the deck area and reducing the cost of one lifting leg. In addition, the work time for raising and lowering the hull in the on-site sea area and the work time for lowering the legs of the tower crane can be reduced. However, this structure requires a strong support structure for fixing the tower crane to the ship hull.
又，關於具備使腳部觸底之塔式起重機之作業台船，藉由設為於進行起重機作業時可選擇可相對運動的柔軟之支撐、與不使其相對運動的堅固之支撐的構成，可針對如僅靠升降腳之支撐無法安全地支撐作業台船的水底之狀態，利用腳部之支撐進行補強，因此可於更廣泛的水底之狀態下進行起重機作業。 Furthermore, regarding a work platform ship equipped with a tower crane that allows the feet to touch the bottom, the structure is configured so that a soft support that allows relative movement and a strong support that does not allow relative movement can be selected during crane operations. For underwater situations where the work platform vessel cannot be safely supported by the support of the lifting feet alone, the support of the feet can be used for reinforcement, so the crane can be operated in a wider range of underwater conditions.
關於上述具備起重機之作業台船，若上述桅桿塊體之橫截面之外形形狀與上述腳部塊體之橫截面之外形形狀為相同形狀，則可共用水中部與空中部之構件，從而可簡化起重機之運用。又，即便作業水域之水深發生變化，亦無需替換桅桿塊體與腳部塊體。 Regarding the above-mentioned work platform ship equipped with a crane, if the cross-sectional shape of the above-mentioned mast block and the cross-sectional shape of the above-mentioned foot block are the same, the components of the water middle part and the aerial part can be shared, thereby simplifying the Use of cranes. In addition, even if the water depth of the operating water area changes, there is no need to replace the mast block and the foot block.
關於上述具備起重機之作業台船，若上述桅桿塊體之橫截面之外形形狀與上述升降腳之橫截面之外形形狀為相同形狀，則可共用桅桿塊體與升降腳之構件，從而可簡化作業台船之運用。又，視需要將設置塔式起重機的場所與升降腳之場所互換，將塔式起重機設 置於船首側或設置於船尾側等，藉此可容易地變更塔式起重機之位置。 Regarding the above-mentioned work platform ship equipped with a crane, if the cross-sectional shape of the above-mentioned mast block and the cross-sectional shape of the above-mentioned lifting feet are the same, the components of the mast block and the lifting feet can be shared, thereby simplifying the operation. The use of Taiwanese ships. In addition, if necessary, the place where the tower crane is installed and the place where the lifting feet are installed are interchanged, and the tower crane is installed It can be placed on the bow side of the ship or installed on the stern side of the ship, etc., so that the position of the tower crane can be easily changed.
關於上述具備起重機之作業台船，若該作業台船係半SEP或全SEP，其具備有藉由自該作業台船之船體下降並觸底而抬高上述船體的升降腳、及使上述升降腳升降的升降腳升降系統，且構成為使上述塔式起重機之腳部下降至水中的上述塔體升降系統以與上述升降腳升降系統具有互換性之方式所構成，則可實現如下效果。 Regarding the above-mentioned work platform ship equipped with a crane, if the work platform ship is a half SEP or a full SEP, it has lifting legs that raise the above-mentioned hull by descending from the hull of the work platform ship and touching the bottom, and using The above-mentioned lifting leg lifting system for lifting the above-mentioned lifting leg, and the above-mentioned tower lifting system for lowering the legs of the above-mentioned tower crane into the water is configured in a manner that is interchangeable with the above-mentioned lifting leg lifting system, the following effects can be achieved .
根據該構成，可容易地將塔式起重機之設置場所與升降腳之設置場所互換，因此可容易地視需要變更塔式起重機之設置場所，將其移動至船首，或將其移動至船尾進行設置。又，藉由將塔式起重機之腳部與升降腳兩者之升降系統設為共通之頂起系統，不僅可於安裝時進行簡化，亦可簡化零件供應、保養檢查等時的運用。 According to this structure, the installation location of the tower crane and the installation location of the lifting legs can be easily interchanged. Therefore, the installation location of the tower crane can be easily changed as needed, and the installation location of the tower crane can be easily moved to the bow or the stern of the ship. . In addition, by setting the lifting systems of the tower crane's legs and lifting legs as a common jacking system, not only can installation be simplified, but parts supply, maintenance and inspection, etc. can also be simplified.
關於上述具備起重機之作業台船，若該作業台船係半SEP或全SEP，其具備有藉由自該作業台船之船體下降並觸底而抬高上述船體的升降腳、及使上述升降腳升降的升降腳升降系統，且於起重機作業時將上述塔式起重機載置於上述升降腳一個之上，則可實現如下效果。 Regarding the above-mentioned work platform ship equipped with a crane, if the work platform ship is a half SEP or a full SEP, it has lifting legs that raise the above-mentioned hull by descending from the hull of the work platform ship and touching the bottom, and using The above-mentioned lifting leg lifting system can achieve the following effects by placing the above-mentioned tower crane on one of the above-mentioned lifting legs during crane operation.
根據該構成，於作業台船之船體側中，補強載置塔式起重機的升降腳，並增強該升降腳之升降腳升降系統之強度，藉此可於不新設塔式起重機用之塔體升降系統之情形下，經由升降腳將塔式起重機之荷重與懸吊物之荷重之一部分或全部傳遞至水底，從而使水底進行支撐。此外，因將塔式起重機配設於升降腳之部位，故可縮減用於塔式起重機設置的甲板空間，從而可抑制作業台船之大型化。 According to this structure, the lifting legs for mounting the tower crane are reinforced on the hull side of the work platform ship, and the strength of the lifting leg lifting system of the lifting legs is enhanced, thereby making it possible to build a tower body for the tower crane without having to build a new one. In the case of a lifting system, part or all of the load of the tower crane and the load of the suspended object is transferred to the water bottom through the lifting feet, so that the water bottom is supported. In addition, since the tower crane is disposed at the lifting leg, the deck space for installing the tower crane can be reduced, thereby suppressing the increase in the size of the work platform vessel.
又，相比於具備具有與升降腳分開所設置的塔體升降系統之塔式起重機的作業台船，兼用塔式起重機之腳部與升降腳，因此 無需塔式起重機之腳部塊體與塔體升降系統，從而可削減成本，並且省去在現場海域的作業台船中之塔式起重機之腳部之觸底作業，從而可削減所需之作業時間。 In addition, compared to a work platform ship equipped with a tower crane having a tower lifting system provided separately from the lifting legs, the legs of the tower crane and the lifting legs are both used, so The foot block and tower lifting system of the tower crane are not required, thereby reducing costs, and the bottoming operation of the tower crane's foot in the workbench in the sea area on site is omitted, thereby reducing the required work. time.
並且，關於用以達到上述目的之具備起重機之作業台船之起重機運用方法，其係上述具備起重機之作業台船之起重機運用方法，其特徵在於：於進行起重機作業時，藉由形成在上述塔式起重機中之上述塔體的上述桅桿塊體之堆疊個數調整懸吊高度，於停止起重機作業而進行航行時，減少上述桅桿塊體之堆疊個數使其少於利用上述塔式起重機進行作業時的個數，從而降低上述塔體之高度。 Furthermore, a method for operating a crane on a work platform equipped with a crane to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is a method of operating a crane on the work platform vessel equipped with a crane, and is characterized in that during crane operations, the crane is formed on the tower The number of stacked mast blocks of the above-mentioned tower in the crane is adjusted to the suspension height. When the crane is stopped for navigation, the number of stacked mast blocks is reduced to less than that of the above-mentioned tower crane. The number of hours, thereby reducing the height of the above-mentioned tower body.
根據該運用方法，可於進行起重機作業時，僅藉由增加桅桿塊體之堆疊個數，相對於超大型風車之高度而配合該高度容易地調整設置高度及懸吊物高度。又，可於航行時僅藉由減少桅桿塊體之堆疊個數，容易地降低塔體之高度，因此可降低航行時之作業台船之水線上船高。 According to this usage method, the installation height and the height of the suspended object can be easily adjusted to the height of the oversized windmill by simply increasing the number of stacked mast blocks during crane operations. In addition, the height of the tower can be easily reduced by simply reducing the number of stacked mast blocks during navigation, thereby reducing the height of the work platform vessel on the waterline during navigation.
根據本發明之具備起重機之作業台船及其起重機運用方法，其在具備有使用在淺海區域的海上工程，尤其是使用在著床型之海上風力發電裝置之設置、其之維護工程的起重機的作業台船中，可對應於作業對象物之高度而容易地變更起重機之懸吊高度，並且可於未進行起重機作業之情形下航行時，降低起重機之高度，從而降低水線上船高，此外，作用於起重機之基部的傾覆力矩較小，且起重機之基部構造之規模較小即可，從而可抑制作業台船之船體之大型化。 The work platform ship equipped with a crane and the method of using the crane according to the present invention are equipped with a crane that can be used in offshore projects in shallow sea areas, especially in installation and maintenance projects of implanted offshore wind power generation devices. In the work platform ship, the suspension height of the crane can be easily changed according to the height of the work object, and when sailing without the crane operation, the height of the crane can be lowered, thereby reducing the ship height on the waterline. In addition, The overturning moment acting on the base of the crane is small and the scale of the base structure of the crane is small, thereby suppressing the increase in the size of the hull of the work platform vessel.
1A:作業台船(搭載甲板載置式塔式起重機之排水量型作業台船) 1A: Work platform ship (displacement type work platform ship equipped with deck-mounted tower crane)
1B:作業台船(搭載甲板載置式塔式起重機之半SEP之作業台船) 1B: Workbench (workbench equipped with half SEP of deck-mounted tower crane)
1C:作業台船(搭載甲板載置式塔式起重機之全SEP之作業台船) 1C: Workbench (full SEP workbench equipped with deck-mounted tower crane)
1D:作業台船(搭載觸底式塔式起重機之排水量型作業台船) 1D: Workbench (displacement type workbench equipped with bottom-touch tower crane)
1E:作業台船(搭載觸底式塔式起重機之半SEP之作業台船) 1E: Workbench (workbench equipped with half SEP of bottom-touch tower crane)
1F:作業台船(搭載觸底式塔式起重機之全SEP之作業台船) 1F: Workbench (full SEP workbench equipped with bottom-touch tower crane)
1G:作業台船(搭載升降腳載置式塔式起重機之半SEP之作業台船) 1G: Workbench (workbench equipped with half SEP of lifting foot-mounted tower crane)
1H:作業台船(搭載升降腳載置式塔式起重機之全SEP之作業台船) 1H: Workbench (full SEP workbench equipped with lifting foot-mounted tower crane)
2:船體(平台) 2: Hull (platform)
3:甲板(甲板) 3:Deck(deck)
4:突出部 4:Protrusion
5:上部構造物 5: Upper structure
6a:錨索 6a: Anchor cable
6b:繫泊索 6b:Mooring rope
10A:塔式起重機(甲板載置式) 10A: Tower crane (deck mounted)
10B:塔式起重機(觸底式) 10B: Tower crane (bottomed type)
10C:塔式起重機(升降腳載置式) 10C: Tower crane (lifting foot-mounted type)
11:基底台座 11: Base pedestal
12:塔體 12: Tower body
12a:桅桿塊體 12a:mast block
13:起重機本體 13: Crane body
13a:迴旋機構 13a: Gyratory mechanism
13b:吊桿(懸臂：起重機之臂) 13b: Boom (cantilever: crane arm)
13c:前撐桿 13c: Front stay
13d:後撐桿 13d:Rear stay
13e:鋼索 13e: Steel rope
13f:駕駛室 13f: Cab
14:桅桿攀升裝置 14: Mast climbing device
15:腳部 15:Feet
15a:腳部塊體 15a: Foot block
16:塔體升降系統 16: Tower lifting system
17:夾持裝置(固定裝置) 17: Clamping device (fixed device)
20、20A、20B:升降腳(腿柱(leg)、棒錨(spud)) 20, 20A, 20B: Lifting feet (leg, spud)
21:升降腳升降系統 21:Lifting foot lifting system
22a:底板(固定式) 22a: Bottom plate (fixed)
22b:底板(開閉式) 22b: Bottom plate (open and close)
22c:塔體前端 22c: Tower front end
B:水底 B:Underwater
D:凹部 D: concave part
He:水線上船高 He: the height of the ship on the waterline
He1:水線上船高 He1: Ship height on the waterline
He2:水線上船高 He2: Ship height on the waterline
Hh:懸吊高度 Hh: suspension height
Lh:塔體與懸吊物之水平距離 Lh: horizontal distance between the tower and the suspended object
S:水面 S: water surface
W:懸吊物之重量 W: weight of suspended object
圖1係示意性地表示本發明之第1實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(排水量型)之構成之俯視圖。 FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing the structure of a work platform ship (displacement type) equipped with a crane according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
圖2係示意性地表示圖1之具備起重機之作業台船(排水量型)之構成之側視圖，且表示使甲板設置式之塔式起重機降低而進行航行之情形之構成之圖。 FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing the structure of the work platform ship (displacement type) equipped with a crane in FIG. 1 , and is a diagram illustrating a structure in which a deck-mounted tower crane is lowered and sailed.
圖3係示意性地表示圖1之具備起重機之作業台船(排水量型)之構成之側視圖，且表示使甲板設置式之塔式起重機升高而進行起重機作業之情形之構成之圖。 FIG. 3 is a side view schematically showing the structure of the work platform ship (displacement type) equipped with a crane in FIG. 1 , and is a diagram illustrating a structure in which a deck-mounted tower crane is raised to perform crane operations.
圖4係示意性地表示本發明之第2及第3實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(SEP)之構成之俯視圖。 4 is a plan view schematically showing the structure of a work platform ship (SEP) equipped with a crane according to the second and third embodiments of the present invention.
圖5係示意性地表示圖4之具備起重機之作業台船(SEP)之構成之側視圖，且表示使甲板設置式之塔式起重機降低而進行航行之情形之構成之圖。 FIG. 5 is a side view schematically showing the structure of the work platform ship (SEP) equipped with a crane in FIG. 4 , and is a diagram illustrating a structure in which a deck-mounted tower crane is lowered and sailed.
圖6係示意性地表示本發明之第2實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(半SEP)之構成之側視圖，且表示使甲板設置式之塔式起重機升高而進行起重機作業之情形之構成之圖。 6 is a side view schematically showing the structure of a work platform ship (semi-SEP) equipped with a crane according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state in which a deck-mounted tower crane is raised to perform crane operations. Composition diagram.
圖7係示意性地表示本發明之第3實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(全SEP)之構成之側視圖，且表示使甲板設置式之塔式起重機升高而進行起重機作業之情形之構成之圖。 7 is a side view schematically showing the structure of a work platform ship equipped with a crane (full SEP) according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state in which a deck-mounted tower crane is raised to perform crane operations. Composition diagram.
圖8係示意性地表示本發明之第4實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(排水量型)之構成之俯視圖。 8 is a plan view schematically showing the structure of a work platform ship (displacement type) equipped with a crane according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
圖9係示意性地表示圖8之具備起重機之作業台船(排水量型)之構成之側視圖，且表示使觸底式之塔式起重機降低而進行航行之情形之構成之圖。 FIG. 9 is a side view schematically showing the structure of the work platform ship (displacement type) equipped with a crane in FIG. 8 , and is a diagram illustrating a structure in which a bottom-touch tower crane is lowered and sailed.
圖10係示意性地表示圖8之具備起重機之作業台船(排水量型)之構成之側視圖，且表示使觸底式之塔式起重機之腳部觸底從而抬高塔體而進行起重機作業之情形之構成之圖。 Fig. 10 is a side view schematically showing the structure of the work platform ship (displacement type) equipped with a crane in Fig. 8, and shows the crane operation by touching the bottom of the foot of the bottom-touch tower crane to raising the tower body. A diagram of the composition of the situation.
圖11係示意性地表示本發明之第5及第6實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(SEP)之構成之俯視圖。 FIG. 11 is a plan view schematically showing the structure of a work platform ship (SEP) equipped with a crane according to the fifth and sixth embodiments of the present invention.
圖12係示意性地表示圖11之具備起重機之作業台船(SEP)之構成之側視圖，且表示提起觸底式之塔式起重機之腳部的同時使塔體降低而進行航行之情形之構成之圖。 Fig. 12 is a side view schematically illustrating the structure of the crane-equipped work platform (SEP) of Fig. 11, and shows the state of sailing by lifting the legs of the bottom-touch tower crane while lowering the tower body. Composition diagram.
圖13係示意性地表示本發明之第5實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(半SEP)之構成之側視圖，且表示使觸底式之塔式起重機之腳部觸底從而抬高塔體而進行起重機作業之情形之構成之圖。 13 is a side view schematically showing the structure of a work platform ship (semi-SEP) equipped with a crane according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and shows a bottom-touch type tower crane raising the tower by touching the bottom to the bottom. A diagram showing the composition of the situation in which crane operations are carried out.
圖14係示意性地表示本發明之第6實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(全SEP)之構成之側視圖，且表示使觸底式之塔式起重機之腳部觸底從而抬高塔體而進行起重機作業之情形之構成之圖。 FIG. 14 is a side view schematically showing the structure of a work platform ship equipped with a crane (full SEP) according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, and shows a bottom-touch type tower crane raising the tower by touching the bottom with its legs. A diagram showing the composition of the situation in which crane operations are carried out.
圖15係示意性地表示本發明之第7及第8實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(SEP)之構成之俯視圖。 FIG. 15 is a plan view schematically showing the structure of a work platform ship (SEP) equipped with a crane according to the seventh and eighth embodiments of the present invention.
圖16係示意性地表示圖15之具備起重機之作業台船(SEP)之構成之側視圖，且表示提起觸底式之塔式起重機之腳部的同時使塔體降低而進行航行之情形之構成之圖。 Fig. 16 is a side view schematically illustrating the structure of the crane-equipped work platform (SEP) of Fig. 15 , and shows the state of sailing by lifting the legs of the bottom-touch tower crane while lowering the tower body. Composition diagram.
圖17係示意性地表示本發明之第7實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(半SEP)之構成之側視圖，且表示使觸底式之塔式起重機之腳部觸底從而抬高塔體而進行起重機作業之情形之構成之圖。 17 is a side view schematically showing the structure of a work platform ship (semi-SEP) equipped with a crane according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, and shows a bottom-touch type tower crane raising the tower by touching the bottom with its legs. A diagram showing the composition of the situation in which crane operations are carried out.
圖18係示意性地表示本發明之第8實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(全SEP)之構成之側視圖，且表示使觸底式之塔式起重機之腳部觸 底從而抬高塔體而進行起重機作業之情形之構成之圖。 FIG. 18 is a side view schematically showing the structure of a work platform ship (full SEP) equipped with a crane according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, and shows a bottom-touch type tower crane having its feet touching it. The bottom is used to raise the tower body and carry out crane operations.
圖19係用以說明塔式起重機中之桅桿塊體之組裝個數之減少作業之圖。 Figure 19 is a diagram for explaining the reduction operation of the number of assembled mast blocks in the tower crane.
圖20係示意性地表示於作業台船之甲板上載置有起重機本體13之狀態之側視圖。
FIG. 20 is a side view schematically showing a state in which the
圖21係用以說明塔式起重機中之桅桿塊體之組裝個數之增加作業之圖。 Figure 21 is a diagram for explaining the operation of increasing the number of assembled mast blocks in the tower crane.
圖22係例示作業台船(SEP)之升降腳之底板之圖，(a)係表示固定式底板之圖，(b)係表示開閉式底板之圖。 Figure 22 is a diagram illustrating the bottom plate of the lifting legs of the work platform vessel (SEP). (a) is a diagram showing a fixed bottom plate, and (b) is a diagram showing an opening and closing type bottom plate.
以下，一面參照圖式，一面對本發明之實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船及其起重機運用方法進行說明。 Hereinafter, a work platform ship equipped with a crane and a method of operating the crane according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
再者，此處，設想每座之發電容量例如為7MW~10MW左右，起重機之懸吊高度為200m左右之被設置在淺海區域的海上風力發電裝置(海上風車)作為成為起重機作業之對象物的「海上構造物」。但是，本發明並不限定於此種海上風力發電裝置，亦可為其他物體，只要為需要於海上進行起重機作業的海上構造物即可。再者，此處，成為起重機作業之對象的海上構造物本身並不與本發明直接相關，因此為了簡化圖式及其說明，省略海上構造物之圖示。 Furthermore, here, it is assumed that an offshore wind power generation device (offshore windmill) installed in a shallow sea area with a power generation capacity of about 7MW to 10MW per unit and a crane suspension height of about 200m is assumed to be the object of crane operation. "Offshore structures". However, the present invention is not limited to such an offshore wind power generation device, and may be other objects as long as it is an offshore structure that requires crane operations at sea. Furthermore, here, the offshore structure itself that is the target of the crane operation is not directly related to the present invention. Therefore, in order to simplify the drawing and its description, illustration of the offshore structure is omitted.
首先，對本發明之實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(以下稱為作業台船)中所具備的塔式起重機進行說明。如圖1~圖21所示，該塔式起重機10A、10B、10C亦稱為攀升式懸臂起重機，於陸地上之領域中用於高樓、大型建築物之建設，或者用於水壩之混凝土澆鑄等的習知技術之起重機。用於在海上構造物之設置等所使用，而於
作業台船1A~1H中具備該塔式起重機10A、10B、10C。
First, the tower crane included in the work ship equipped with a crane (hereinafter referred to as the work ship) according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in Figures 1 to 21, the
於該塔式起重機中，關聯於懸吊物之水平移動方法，具有使乘載於被固定呈水平之吊桿的吊運車水平移動的平頂型、自上方藉由鋼索支撐該被固定呈水平的吊桿的錘頭型、及具有起伏式懸臂的升降運動型等。升降運動型具有以下之優點：可較於現場所搭建之塔體之高度更低，並且於懸吊作業之周圍所需之空間較少即可。於以下說明中，使用升降運動型塔式起重機。 This tower crane has a flat-top type that horizontally moves a trolley mounted on a suspended boom that is fixed horizontally, and is supported by a steel cable from above in relation to the horizontal movement method of the suspended object. There are hammerhead type with horizontal boom, lifting movement type with undulating cantilever, etc. The lifting motion type has the following advantages: it can be lower than the height of the tower built on site, and requires less space around the suspension operation. In the following instructions, a lifting motion tower crane is used.
在該實施形態之作業台船1A~1I中所被使用的塔式起重機10A、10B、10C與已於陸地上之建築、土木等之領域中所被使用的習知技術之塔式起重機在基本上相同。該塔式起重機10A、10B、10C以如下方式所構成：關於施加於塔體的荷重，根據其形狀、用途，極力減小作用於塔體12的傾覆力矩，從而使鉛直方向之荷重成為主體。即，如圖3所示，於該塔式起重機10A、10B、10C中，以利用相反側之構成13c、13d平衡依存於懸吊荷重量W及塔體12與懸吊物之水平距離Lh的傾覆力矩(W×Lh)之方式構成起重機本體13。
The
其次，對該塔式起重機10A、10B、10C之構造進行說明。該塔式起重機10A、10B、10C構成為具有基底台座11(於塔式起重機10B中不存在)、塔體12、及起重機本體13。於該塔式起重機10A、10B、10C中，構成為堆疊複數個桅桿塊體12a而形成塔體12，於塔體12之最上部載置起重機本體13，從而成為藉由桅桿塊體12a之所堆疊的個數調整塔體12之高度的構成。該桅桿塊體12a係用於以其堆疊個數調整直接相關於塔體12之高度的「懸吊高度Hh」的組裝用之塔體12之構成要素。
Next, the structures of the
該塔式起重機10A、10B、10C較佳為具備有桅桿攀升
裝置14，該桅桿攀升裝置14一面向塔體12依次添加桅桿塊體12a一面使起重機本體13上升，且一面自塔體12依次卸除桅桿塊體12a一面使起重機本體13下降。
The
即，於該塔式起重機10A、10B、10C中，可使用於起重機本體13之升降時受到輔助起重機之輔助而使起重機本體13升降的類型之塔式起重機，但更佳為使用於起重機本體13之升降時無需輔助起重機之輔助之情形下，使用桅桿攀升裝置14使起重機本體13升降的自動升降類型之塔式起重機。
That is, the
藉此，可於未使用輔助起重機之情形下，僅藉由所具備有之裝置及機構使起重機本體13進行升降，因此無需升降用之輔助起重機，從而可節約相應之重量及甲板空間。又，可迅速地將塔體12搭建至既定之高度。
In this way, the
再者，即便為自動升降類型之塔式起重機，亦可於桅桿塊體12a之組入時使用輔助起重機，但該輔助起重機係較用以使起重機本體13升降的輔助起重機小容量之起重機即可。
Furthermore, even if it is an automatic lifting type tower crane, an auxiliary crane can be used when assembling the
並且，關於該塔式起重機10A、10B、10C，於作業水域(施工現場)中，於基底台座11之上堆疊複數個桅桿塊體(起重機塔身：柱)12a而構成塔體12，並於該塔體12之上載置起重機本體13。於該起重機本體13中，被組裝為安裝吊桿(懸臂：起重機之臂)13b，並貫通有吊桿13b之起伏用、懸吊物之吊起放下用的鋼索13e。之後，使用桅桿攀升裝置14，反覆進行一面添加桅桿塊體12a一面使起重機本體13升高的攀升，藉此獲得所期望之高度的懸吊高度Hh。
Moreover, regarding the
再者，該等塔式起重機10A、10B、10C之起重機本體13具備有：迴旋機構13a；懸吊機構，其具有吊桿13b、前撐桿13c、
後撐桿13d、鋼索13e；及駕駛室13f。於該起重機本體13中，成為如下構成：以極力減少因懸吊物之荷重W而於塔體12產生的傾覆力矩之方式藉由相反側之前撐桿13c、後撐桿13d進行平衡。為了輕量化，該等吊桿13b、前撐桿13c、後撐桿13d較佳為以桁架構造尤其是其中將接合部設為銷構造且將構件連續地組裝為井桁形狀的鑽石格子構造即網格(Lattice)構造所構成。
Furthermore, the
桅桿攀升裝置14係用以於未使用輔助起重機之情形下一面組入桅桿塊體12a一面使起重機本體13上升的裝置。於使用該桅桿攀升裝置14的攀升之方法中，具有使用油壓缸之伸縮者、使用升降鋼索之拉伸者等。
The
該桅桿攀升裝置14例如以具有上部閂的上部升降框架、具有下部閂的下部升降框架、及升降缸所構成，藉由上下之閂交替地支撐起重機本體13之總質量。再者，於攀升方式中，具有使用油壓缸、電動缸、電動鏈條滑車、鋼索(與吊起裝置併用)等者，其中於大型起重機中，油壓缸方式為主流。
The
藉由油壓缸之伸縮運動，可使起重機本體13於塔體12中進行升降。於升降缸中，於上部及下部設置有「閂(bolt)」(橫跨穿過兩個構件之孔進行接合的棒狀構件：栓、插銷)。
Through the telescopic movement of the hydraulic cylinder, the
首先，設置下部之「閂」，使油壓缸伸出，抬起整個起重機本體13，並於規定之高度設置上部之「閂」。當藉由上部之「閂」支撐起重機本體13時，收起下部之「閂」，使伸出的缸體縮回。當油壓缸完全縮回時，再次設置下部之「閂」，並收起上部之「閂」，使油壓缸伸出。如此利用「閂」交替地支撐起重機本體13，反覆進行油壓缸之伸縮，藉此使起重機本體13升降。
First, set the lower "latch", extend the hydraulic cylinder, lift the
作為該塔式起重機10A之大小而言，作為已有實績者，例如，作為可應對5MW以上之超大型風車之在港灣的搭建、在作業水域的維護(亦可搭建)的起重機，懸吊荷重為75~125t，吊桿長度為70m、最大自立高度為190m左右，最大吊鉤高度(與懸吊物高度相關的高度)為170m左右，自重為580t左右。再者，為了進行比較，於同等能力之懸臂起重機中，需要1200t級，其自重為3倍(1740t)以上。
As for the size of this
又，關於構成該例示之塔式起重機10A之塔體12部分的桅桿塊體12a，其剖面之外形形狀之大小為「3.5m×3.5m」左右，高度為「7.8m」左右。該等桅桿塊體12a相互地以螺栓所連結。並且，最大吊鉤高度於塔體12無來自海上風車等的連結(tie-in)(亦稱為回接(tie-back)之在中途高度上的支撐)而自立的狀態下為170m。又，關於塔式起重機10A之設置所需的甲板面積，於利用甲板3承受塔式起重機10A之荷重與懸吊物之荷重W之構造之情形時，為「16m×18m」。
Moreover, regarding the
其次，對本發明之第1實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(以下為作業台船)進行說明。如圖1~圖3所示，該作業台船1A構成為於排水量型作業台船上具備有甲板載置式之塔式起重機10A。該作業台船1A係藉由船體2之下部沈到水面下而獲得浮力的排水量型作業台船，於航行時與起重機作業時，均藉由船體之水面下之浮力維持船體之上下位置。
Next, a work platform ship equipped with a crane (hereinafter referred to as a work platform ship) according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , this
於該甲板載置式之塔式起重機10A中，於作業台船1A之甲板3上設置有牢固地被固定的基底台座11。該基底台座11支撐在鉛直方向上堆疊桅桿塊體12a而所形成的塔體12，其承擔塔式起重機10A之荷重與懸吊物之荷重。
In this deck-mounted
於圖1之構成中，於作業台船1A中，船體2之甲板(甲
板)3上設置有以向船尾側突出的1對突出部4所形成的一對臂狀構造物，設置叉狀(U字形狀)之作業機構，並且於船首側配設有作為船橋、居住區的上部構造物5，於甲板3之船體前後方向上較中央靠後側之部位配設有塔式起重機10A。再者，視需要搭載有自航用螺旋槳及舵等之推進系統，關於該等之推進系統省略圖示。
In the structure of Figure 1, in the
於圖2所示之作業台船1A之航行時，於塔式起重機10A中，減少桅桿塊體12a之數量，將塔式起重機10A之高度設為可安裝桅桿攀升裝置14且可將起重機本體13載置於塔體12之上的最低限度之高度。
When the
再者，通常為了省去起重機本體13之組合安裝作業，而於如圖2所示之組裝有塔式起重機10A之狀態下降低塔體12進行航行，但亦可視需要自塔體12卸下起重機本體13，將塔式起重機10A拆解並載置於甲板3上，從而設為使整體高度更低之狀態而進行航行。
Furthermore, in order to save the assembly and installation work of the
並且，如圖3所示，於到達作業水域並進行起重機作業時，利用錨、錨索6a及繫泊索6b等繫泊作業台船1A。於此情形時，藉由一面利用絞盤調整該繫泊索6b等之長度、張力一面保持船位(作業台船1A之位置)的繫泊系統等，將船位保持於作業地點。又，亦可裝備使用有側推器、方位角推進器等的動態船位保持系統(DPS)，將船位保持於作業地點。
And, as shown in FIG. 3 , when reaching the operating water area and performing crane operations, the
於該排水量型之作業台船1A中，無需如於下文說明之SEP(自動升降式作業台船)之利用頂升所升降的升降腳(腿柱(leg)、棒錨(spud))之構成。該排水量型作業台船1A適於在風、波浪、潮流較小，且在作業台船所受到之外部干擾較少之作業海域進行起重機作業之情形。
In this displacement type
並且，於開始起重機作業前，使用桅桿攀升裝置14，一面組入桅桿塊體12a一面使起重機本體13反覆上升而抬高塔體12，從而獲得所期望之「懸吊高度Hh」。此時，如圖3所示，水線上船高He2更加明顯地高於圖2所示之航行時之水線上船高He1。
Furthermore, before starting the crane operation, the
又，於進行起重機作業時，於作業台船1A中藉由壓艙水之注排水、繫泊系統等，對應塔式起重機10A之懸吊物之荷重、吊桿長度之變化進行船體2之姿勢維持。因此，塔式起重機10A之設置場所以於船體左右方向上靠近船體中央處為佳。又，於船體前後方向，考慮設置對象物之海上構造物(未圖示)之搬送時之搭載位置、船體2之前後之重量分佈、壓艙櫃之配置等後，設定塔式起重機10A之設置場所。
In addition, when performing crane operations, the
其次，對本發明之第2及第3實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船(以下為作業台船)進行說明。該第2實施形態之作業台船1B如圖4~圖6所示，構成為於半SEP型之作業台船上具備甲板載置式之塔式起重機10A。又，第3實施形態之作業台船1C如圖4、5及圖7所示，構成為於全SEP型之作業台船上具備甲板載置式之塔式起重機10A。於該作業台船1B、1C中，與第1實施形態之作業台船1A相同，將甲板設置式之塔式起重機10A設置於甲板3上。
Next, a work platform ship equipped with a crane (hereinafter referred to as a work platform ship) according to the second and third embodiments of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 , the
該半SEP型之作業台船1B與全SEP型之作業台船1C係被稱為SEP(Self Elevating Platform：自動升降式作業台船)、頂升船等的作業台船之一種，其等具備有：複數根(於該實施形態中為配置於4角的4根)升降腳(腿柱(leg)、棒錨(spud))20，其等配置在被稱為平台的作業台船1B、1C之周圍；及升降腳升降系統(頂升系統)21，其使該升降腳20下降，並使其前端(底部)到達至水底(海底)B，從而抬高船體
2。
The semi-SEP type
於該等作業台船1B、1C中，於船尾附近裝備有一對固定型之船尾側之升降腳(棒錨(spud))20，於前方裝備有踢出式之船首側之升降腳20。該固定型升降腳係於固定有升降腳對於台船下部的突出量時約束升降腳與台船之相對擺動、水平方向之自由度者，踢出式之升降腳係在藉由水平之銷之支撐固定有升降腳對於台船下部之突出量之狀態下容許以該銷為軸的相對擺動，藉由油壓缸等針對台船相對地於水平方向上推拉較升降腳之銷上方之部分，藉此使升降腳如擺錘般傾斜，從而可以利用升降腳於海底上步行之方式使台船移動者，或係不容許升降腳之相對擺動而呈鉛直之狀態但同樣地藉由油壓缸使其相對於台船於水平方向上滑動，藉此可使台船移動者。
In these
於該升降腳20之最下部裝備有考慮海底地質等而視需要所使用的底板。該底板製成有承受施加於升降腳20之力的構造，作為作業台船，如圖22所示，除固定式之底板22a以外，具有開閉式之底板22b。該開閉式之底板22b以如下方式所構成：可較寬地打開而對應於鬆弛之沙地、黏性土等之鬆軟的地面，或可抬起底板22b使藉由底板22b所產生之支撐失效，使被形成為銳利的塔體前端22c刺入至堅硬之地面。
The lowermost portion of the lifting
進而，若於作業台船1B、1C裝備有動態船位保持系統，則不限定於海上風力發電，可於各種項目中使用，故更佳。
Furthermore, if the
並且，如圖5所示，作業台船1B、1C於停止塔式起重機之作業而進行航行時，使升降腳20離開水底B，並使升降腳之最下端之部位提起至船底左右之高度，從而於將升降腳固定於作業台船之甲板之狀態下航行。於該航行時狀態下，與排水量型之作業台船1A之
航行狀態相同，藉由船體2之下部沈入至水面下而獲得浮力。
Moreover, as shown in Figure 5, when the
另一方面，於進行起重機作業時，如圖6及圖7所示，使升降腳(腿柱(leg)、棒錨(spud))20下降而到達至水底B，進而使該等升降腳20伸長，藉此作業台船1B、1C成為藉由升降腳20而被固定支撐的狀態。於此狀態下船體2浮於水面S的情形稱為半SEP，於此狀態下船體2之整體被抬高從而高於水面S上之情形稱為全SEP。
On the other hand, during crane operation, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , the lifting legs (legs, spuds) 20 are lowered to reach the water bottom B, and then the lifting
並且，於半SEP型之作業台船1B中，如圖6所示，於該抬高船體2時，設為船體2之一部分位於水面S之下之狀態。於此狀態下，藉由利用該升降腳20支撐船體2之重量之一部分，保持船體2之位置及姿勢。於此狀態下，雖然藉由船體2之浮力承擔船體2之重量之一部分，但是利用升降腳20抬高船體2之一部分使其高於水面S上，或藉由壓艙水之注入量之增減等增減船體2之重量，藉此增減施加於升降腳20的荷重。
Furthermore, in the semi-SEP type
於該半SEP中，於升降腳之一部分發生沈降時，因船體浮於水上，故雖亦容易因波浪而產生船體運動，但是可藉由船體之浮力應對荷重之變化，因此可避免船體、塔體較大地傾斜。因此，該半SEP之作業台船適於在中等程度之波浪海域的作業。再者，於該半SEP中，升降腳20及升降腳升降系統21並非如可抬起如全SEP之自重與載貨重量的大容量者，而是如被使用於疏浚台船般之可部分地借助浮力而穩定地支撐船體2之程度者即可。
In this half-SEP, when part of the lifting leg sinks, the hull floats on the water, so although the hull is easily moved due to waves, the buoyancy of the hull can be used to cope with the change in load, so it can be avoided. The hull and tower tilted greatly. Therefore, this semi-SEP operating platform vessel is suitable for operations in moderately rough sea areas. Furthermore, in this half SEP, the lifting
另一方面，於全SEP型作業台船1B中，如圖7所示，於抬高該船體2時，設為整個船體2位於水面S之上之狀態。於此狀態下，藉由利用該升降腳20支撐整個船體2之重量，保持船體2之位置及姿勢。於此狀態下，藉由升降腳升降系統21調整升降腳20之下
降量，藉此調整施加於升降腳20的荷重及船體2之姿勢。於該全SEP中，藉由設為該狀態，可在高波浪海域進行作業，並可提高作業效率及施工精度。
On the other hand, in the full SEP type
並且，根據該等第1~第3實施形態之作業台船1A、1B、1C，將甲板設置式之塔式起重機10A固定支撐於甲板3，因此可發揮如下效果。再者，關於塔式起重機10A之對於作業台船1A、1B、1C之固定，可於進行起重機作業時之前後，將塔式起重機10A在甲板3上移動，或進行拆解及組裝。例如，即便於在作業台船1A、1B、1C之甲板3上所敷設的軌道上可移動地設置基底台座11之情形時，只要於進行起重機作業時以無法於軌道上移動之方式進行固定即可。
Furthermore, according to the
根據該等作業台船1A、1B、1C，支撐或固定塔式起重機10A之塔體12的基底台座11之構造主要成為承受該鉛直方向之荷重，因此與其他傾覆力矩較大之起重機之支撐構造(基礎構造)相比在構造之方面上較為簡單。即，作用於塔體12及基底台座11的傾覆力矩較小，大部分之荷重為垂直荷重，因此與其他種類之起重機相比，針對成為基部的基底台座11所需之構造強度變小。其結果為，可利用比較簡單之構造固定支撐塔式起重機10A，因此對於塔式起重機10A之支撐構造所需的構件重量、甲板面積小於具備有習知技術之其他種類之起重機的作業台船即可。因此，可抑制作業台船大型化。
According to these
關於塔式起重機10A，在其構造上，懸吊能力幾乎不依存於高度，對應超大型風車之高度，可容易地調整設置高度He1、He2及「懸吊物高度Hh」。因此，於進行起重機作業時，藉由增加桅桿塊體12a之堆疊個數，可容易地提高「起重機高度」。因此，可容易地提高可吊起被預先設定的懸吊荷重之懸吊物之「懸吊物高度」(與吊鉤
之最高位置之高度即最大吊鉤高度相關的高度)。
Regarding the
另一方面，於航行時，藉由減少桅桿塊體12a之堆疊個數，可降低水線上船高He1，從而可於具有高度限制的橋下航行。再者，作為作業台船1A、1B、1C整體之水線上船高於將海上構造物搭載於作業台船1A、1B、1C進行航行之情形時，亦與該海上構造物之高度相關，因此未必需要總是將塔體12設為最低高度。
On the other hand, when sailing, by reducing the number of stacked
又，關於作業台船1A、1B、1C之復原性能，藉由塔式起重機10A之高度變低，使作業台船1A、1B、1C之重心變低，因此可容易地確保良好之復原性能。又，藉由將拆解並卸除之桅桿塊體12a分散配置於甲板3上，可利用作為用以維持作業台船1A、1B、1C之船體2之航行時之姿勢(俯仰(trim)、傾斜(heel))的輔助壓艙。藉此，可減少為了確保復原性能而所需之壓艙櫃之容量，從而可抑制作業台船1A、1B、1C大型化。
In addition, regarding the recovery performance of the
並且，進而，藉由將塔式起重機10A設為自動升降式之構成，可於未使用輔助起重機等之情形下迅速地搭建，因此可提高塔式起重機10之組裝作業之效率。
Furthermore, by configuring the
其次，對搭載觸底式之塔式起重機10B的第4~第6實施形態之作業台船1D、1E、1F進行說明。第4實施形態之作業台船1D如圖8~圖10所示，與第1實施形態之作業台船1A相同為排水量型之作業台船。又，第5實施形態之作業台船1E如圖12~圖14所示，與第2實施形態之作業台船1B相同為半SEP型之作業台船。並且，第6實施形態之作業台船1F如圖12、圖13、圖15所示，與第3實施形態之作業台船1C相同為全SEP型之作業台船。
Next, the
於該等作業台船1D、1E、1F中，塔式起重機10B構成
為於組裝桅桿塊體12a而所形成的塔體12之下部具備有組裝腳部塊體15a而所形成的腳部15，並且，構成為具備有使腳部15下降至水中的塔體升降系統16。又，將使塔式起重機10B之腳部15下降的塔體升降系統16與使升降腳20升降的升降腳升降系統設為分開之系統。並且，於SEP之作業台船1E、1F中，設為並不依存於塔式起重機10B之腳部15而可僅利用升降腳20穩定地支撐船體2的構成。
In these
於該觸底型之塔式起重機10B中，於進行起重機作業時，利用以桅桿塊體12a之組裝而所形成的塔體12構成較船體2成為上側的部分，並利用以腳部塊體15a之組裝而所形成的腳部15構成較船體2成為下側的部分。又，使連續於該塔體12而所設置的腳部15貫通在甲板3或船體2上所設置的貫通孔或者在甲板3或船體2之側部上所設置的缺口部、凹部，藉由塔體升降系統16使其下降並到達至水底B。設為藉由該腳部15之觸底，利用水底B承受塔式起重機10B之荷重與於懸吊時荷重的構造。
In this bottoming
於該構成中，較佳為將桅桿塊體12a之橫截面之外形形狀與腳部塊體15a之橫截面之外形形狀設為相同形狀，即，進入至甲板3之下方之水中的腳部塊體15a較佳為以與被配置在甲板3上的桅桿塊體12a相同的外尺寸所形成。進而，由於可共通使用該腳部15之腳部塊體15a與塔體12之桅桿塊體12a，因此塔體12與腳部15連貫如一並無區別，成為不存在有塔體12與腳部15之間之基底台座11的狀態。於此情形時，於所例示之懸吊重量之大小為125t的塔式起重機10B中，用以使桅桿塊體12a或腳部塊體15a貫通的甲板3與船體2之開口部之大小例如為「3.5m×3.5m」。
In this structure, it is preferable to set the cross-sectional outer shape of the
藉此，藉由共用該成為水中部分的構件之腳部塊體15a
與成為空中部分的構件之桅桿塊體12a，可簡化運用。又，即便在起重機作業水域的水深產生些許變化，亦無需每次替換桅桿塊體12a與腳部塊體15a。再者，進入至水中的腳部塊體15a較佳為與位於空中的桅桿塊體12a相比以在強度方面及耐腐蝕性方面上均更優異的材料所形成。
Thereby, by sharing the
又，於SEP之作業台船1E、1F中，將觸底式之塔式起重機10B之腳部15與用以抬高船體2的升降腳20分開設置。於該構成中，更佳為將桅桿塊體12a之橫截面之外形形狀與升降腳20之橫截面之外形形狀設為相同形狀。藉此，藉由共用桅桿塊體12a與升降腳20之構件，可簡化作業台船1E、1F之運用。又，視需要將設置觸底式之塔式起重機10B的場所與升降腳20之場所互換，藉此可容易地將塔式起重機10B設置於船首側或設置於船尾側，從而可容易地變更塔式起重機10B之位置。
Furthermore, in the SEP
又，較佳為使塔式起重機10B之腳部15下降至水中的塔體升降系統16與升降腳升降系統21以具有互換性之方式所構成。藉此，可進而容易地將塔式起重機10B之設置場所與升降腳20之設置場所進行互換，因此可視需要變更塔式起重機10B之設置場所，將其移動至船首，或將其移動至船尾進行設置。又，藉由利用共通之頂升系統構成塔式起重機10B之腳部15與升降腳20兩者之升降系統16、21，不僅可於安裝塔式起重機10B與升降腳20時進行簡化，亦可簡化兩者升降系統16、21之零件供應、保養檢查等時之運用。
Moreover, it is preferable that the
又，亦考慮設為可僅利用3根升降腳20使作業台船1E、1F頂升並穩定地支撐的構成，並設置觸底式之塔式起重機10B替代剩餘之升降腳20。於此情形時，藉由補強具備既有之4根升降腳20之作
業台船1E、1F之腳部構造的程度之改造，成為可設置觸底式之塔式起重機10B。
Furthermore, it is also considered to adopt a structure that can lift and stably support the
進而，較佳為構成為具備有於進行起重機作業時，相對於作業台船1D、1E、1F之船體2在容許塔式起重機10B之相對位移之狀態下進行支撐的支撐構造。即，較佳為以於起重機作業時，於甲板3與塔式起重機10B之間成為介置有彈性構件的彈性之支撐構造或使用有曲柄機構的柔軟之支撐構造之方式所構成，從而甲板3側之晃動、振動不傳遞至塔式起重機10B之塔體12、腳部15。例如，以於未進行起重機作業時，藉由夾持裝置(固定裝置)17將塔式起重機10B牢固地固定於甲板3之方式所構成，於進行起重機作業時，打開該夾持裝置17，切換為柔軟之支撐。
Furthermore, it is preferable to have a support structure that supports the
根據該等第4~第6實施形態之作業台船1D、1E、1F，除上述第1~第3實施形態之作業台船1A、1B、1C之效果以外，亦可發揮如下效果。
According to the
於觸底式之塔式起重機10B中，於進行起重機作業時，藉由塔體升降系統16使腳部15到達至水底B，可經由桅桿塊體12a與腳部塊體15a將塔式起重機10B之荷重與懸吊物之荷重之一部分或全部傳遞至水底B，從而使水底B進行支撐。
In the bottom-touching
因此，在作業台船1D、1E、1F之船體2側可承擔塔式起重機10B之荷重與懸吊物之荷重之一部分，或可完全不承擔，因此支撐塔式起重機10B的支撐構造於強度方面上有所減輕。其結果為，可減輕在作業台船1D~1F的支撐荷重，可簡化塔式起重機10B之支撐構造，並可抑制用於支撐構造的鋼材重量之增加、甲板面積之擴大，從而可抑制作業台船1D、1E、1F之大型化。
Therefore, the two sides of the hull of the
又，於排水量型之作業台船1D、半SEP之作業台船1E中，藉由作用於塔式起重機10B的懸吊物之荷重、吊桿長度之影響，可防止作業台船1D、1E之船體2傾斜，因此，無需調整壓艙，可提高起重機作業之作業效率及安全性。
In addition, in the displacement type
並且，若構成為具備有於進行起重機作業時，相對於作業台船1D、1E、1F之船體2在容許塔式起重機10B之相對位移之狀態下進行支撐的支撐構造，則塔式起重機10B之荷重與施加於塔式起重機10B的荷重不傳遞至作業台船1D、1E、1F側，因此可使水底B承擔幾乎全部之荷重，從而可顯著減少作業台船1D、1E、1F所承受之荷重。與此同時，可解決干涉之問題，即作業台船1D、1E、1F側之晃動、振動被傳遞至塔式起重機10B，從而影響起重機作業。
Furthermore, if the
即，於將塔式起重機10B固定於作業台船1D、1E、1F，從而在作業台船1D、1E、1F側承擔塔式起重機10B之荷重與懸吊物之荷重之一部分或全部之情形時，因塔式起重機10B之懸吊物之荷重之變化與吊桿位置之變化等而使固定有塔式起重機10B的作業台船1D、1E、1F之船體姿勢(俯仰(trim)、傾斜(heel))發生變化，因此需要根據起重機作業之進展，計劃性或定期地藉由壓艙操作及頂升操作進行吃水調整。存在有如下問題：藉由該吃水調整所產生之船體姿勢之變化、吃水之變化對塔式起重機10B之起重機作業產生影響，因此起重機作業發生中斷，從而導致起重機之作業效率顯著地降低。
That is, when the
關於該干涉之問題，於半SEP型(semi-SEP形)之作業台船1E中，於起重機作業時，因潮水之潮差、懸吊物之重量等而導致浮力變化，或者因波浪、風而導致作業台船晃動，因此成為更重要之問題。
Regarding the problem of interference, in the semi-SEP type
又，存在有如下問題：藉由升降腳20之頂升，使船體2成為完全地抬高至水面上之狀態，從而進行作業之全SEP型作業台船1F中，因風之影響等而產生之船體2之晃動、由船上機器之作動所導致之振動等傳遞至塔式起重機10B並放大，故而起重機作業之作業效率降低。一般而言，與半SEP之作業台船1E相比，該全SEP型作業台船1F多在較嚴峻之海象‧氣象條件下進行作業，因此重要的是解決該問題。
In addition, there is a problem that in the fully SEP type
關於該干涉之問題，於進行起重機作業時，卸除塔式起重機10B與作業台船1D、1E、1F側的構造性之結合，或使其成為柔軟之連結，藉此可抑制該等作業台船1D、1E、1F側之活動被傳遞至塔式起重機10B側。其結果為，可提高起重機作業時尤其是懸吊作業時之作業效率及安全性。
Regarding the problem of interference, during crane operations, the structural connection between the
又，於具備有使腳部15觸底之塔式起重機10B的作業台船1D、1E、1F中，於作為在進行起重機作業時，不容許塔式起重機10B之相對運動而牢固地固定於船體2的構成之情形時，需要用以將塔式起重機10B固定於船體2的堅固之支撐構造，可使用塔式起重機10B之腳部15替代升降腳20。因此，可相應地省略1根升降腳20，從而可縮減甲板面積，並削減1根升降腳20之成本。又，可根據該升降腳20之減少量節約用於在現場海域的船體2之升降的作業時間與用於塔式起重機10B之腳部15之下降的作業時間。
In addition, in the
進而，於具備有使腳部15觸底之塔式起重機10B的作業台船1D、1E、1F中，藉由設為於進行起重機作業時可選擇可相對運動的柔軟之支撐、與不使其相對運動的堅固之支撐的構成，可針對如僅靠升降腳20之支撐無法安全地支撐作業台船1D、1E、1F之水底
B之狀態，利用腳部15之支撐進行補強，因此可於更廣泛之水底B之狀態下進行起重機作業。
Furthermore, in the
再者，於停止塔式起重機10B之作業而進行航行時，與升降腳20相同，使腳部15離開水底，並使腳部15上升直至腳部15之最下端之部位到達至水面附近，並且將塔式起重機10B之塔體12或腳部15之任一者或兩者固定於船體2，從而將塔式起重機10B固定於作業台船1D、1E、1F進行航行。
Furthermore, when the operation of the
其次，對第7及第8實施形態之作業台船1G、1H進行說明。第7實施形態之作業台船1G如圖15~圖17所示，與第2及第5實施形態之作業台船1B、1E相同為半SEP型作業台船，第8實施形態之作業台船1H如圖15、圖16、圖18所示，與第3及第6實施形態之作業台船1C、1F相同為全SEP型作業台船。該等作業台船1G、1H構成為搭載有升降腳載置式之塔式起重機10C。
Next, the
於該升降腳載置式之塔式起重機10C中，在觸底並支撐SEP之作業台船1G、1H的升降腳20A上設置基底台座11，利用升降腳20A上之基底台座11支撐在鉛直方向上堆疊桅桿塊體12a而所形成的塔體12，該基底台座11承受塔式起重機10C之荷重與懸吊物之荷重，並將該荷重傳遞至到達至水底B的升降腳20A，最終使水底B進行承擔。於該情形時，搭載有升降腳載置式之塔式起重機10C的升降腳20A亦支撐作業台船1G、1H之船體2，因此其支撐船體2之重量之一部分、塔式起重機10C之荷重及懸吊物之荷重。因此，利用具有高於其他升降腳20B之強度的構造物所構成。
In this lifting leg-mounted
於該等作業台船1G、1H中，升降腳載置式之塔式起重機10C除將基底台座11載置於升降腳20A上以外，亦可以與甲板載
置式之塔式起重機10A相同之方式所構成。
In these
根據上述構成之第7及第8實施形態之作業台船1G、1H，於作業台船1G、1H之船體2側對載置有塔式起重機10C的升降腳20A補強，增強該升降腳20A之升降腳升降系統21之強度，藉此可於不新設塔式起重機10C用之塔體升降系統16之情形下，經由升降腳20A將塔式起重機10C之荷重與懸吊物之荷重之一部分或全部傳遞至水底B，從而使水底B進行支撐。此外，因將塔式起重機10C配設於升降腳20A之部位，故可縮減用以設置塔式起重機10C之甲板面積，從而可抑制作業台船1G、1H之大型化。
According to the
又，相較於具備有塔式起重機10B的作業台船1D、1E、1F，而該塔式起重機10B具備有與升降腳20分開設置的塔體升降系統16，將塔式起重機10C之腳部15兼用為升降腳20A，因此無需塔式起重機10C之腳部塊體15a與塔體升降系統16，從而可削減成本，並且省去在現場海域的作業台船1D、1E、1F船中之塔式起重機10B之腳部15之觸底作業，從而可在作業台船1G、1H削減所需之作業時間。
Moreover, compared with the
其次，對本發明之實施形態之具備起重機之作業台船之起重機運用方法(以下稱為「起重機運用方法」)進行說明。該起重機運用方法係上述具備起重機之作業台船1A~1I之起重機運用方法。
Next, a method of operating a crane (hereinafter referred to as a "crane operating method") of a work platform equipped with a crane according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. This crane operation method is the crane operation method of the above-mentioned
於該起重機運用方法中，於自工廠之碼頭或港灣將海上構造物搭載於作業台船1A之情形時，通常使用被設定在碼頭或港灣的起重機，但亦可如圖3所示般組裝在作業台船1A上所搭載的塔式起重機10A，並使用該塔式起重機10A，藉由起重機作業將海上構造物搭載於作業台船1A。又，可利用作業台船1A之船尾之突出部4，將海上構造物載置於在該突出部4所形成的凹部D(圖1)。
In this method of using the crane, when the offshore structure is loaded onto the
於下一次航行前，或於航行時之初期階段，如圖19所示般自圖3之狀態減少塔式起重機10A之桅桿塊體12a之組裝個數，從而使塔體12降低。藉此，設為使塔體12降低之圖2之狀態。例如，通常於航行時亦考慮應對搖晃或尤其是於橋下航行，而將桅桿塊體12a減少至4塊體左右。藉此，起重機本體13亦與其配合下降至較低之位置。藉此，使起重機之上端成為水面上30m左右。
Before the next voyage, or at the initial stage of the voyage, the number of assembled
進而設為自塔體12卸除起重機本體13，並將其載置於甲板3上之圖20之狀態。並且，降低塔式起重機10A之高度，從而降低作業台船1A之水線上船高，並且使復原性能設為良好者而進行航行。於該情形時，需要用以將起重機本體13搭建於塔體12的輔助起重機。又，於無需起重機之項目時，亦可預先卸除起重機本體13並自作業台船1A卸下，但起重機之安裝卸除需要其他起重機之輔助。於此情形時，亦可使用據點基地之起重機。
Furthermore, the
關於該航行，於具備推進系統之情形時進行自航，於不具備推進系統之情形時，被其他船拖曳而航行。再者，於該SEP之作業台船1B、1C、1E、1F、1G、1H中，於航行時設為如圖5、圖9、圖12、圖16所示之將升降腳20、20A、20B及腳部15提起至船體2之船底左右之高度的狀態。再者，於航行時，尤其是在穿過橋下之情形時，較低地抑制起重機高度。
Regarding this voyage, it will be self-propelled when it has a propulsion system, and when it does not have a propulsion system, it will be towed by other ships and sail. Furthermore, in the
並且，當到達至作業水域後，於排水量型之作業台船1A、1D中，如圖3、圖10所示般藉由錨索6a及繫泊索6b等之繫泊系統、動態船位保持系統(DPS系統)等將作業台船1A保持於作業位置。又，於半SEP之作業台船1B、1E、1G中，如圖6、圖13、圖17所示般藉由升降腳升降系統21使升降腳20下降並到達至水底B。藉
此，作業台船1B、1E、1G於浮在水面S上之狀態下保持於作業位置。又，於全SEP之作業台船1C、1F、1H中，如圖7、圖14、圖18所示般藉由升降腳升降系統21使升降腳20、20A、20B下降並到達至水底B。藉此，作業台船1C、1F、1H於高於水面S之狀態下保持於作業位置。藉由該等在穩定之狀態下對作業台船1A~1H進行位置保持。
Moreover, after arriving at the operating water area, in the displacement type
並且，於搭載有觸底式之塔式起重機10B的作業台船1D、1E、1F之情形時，進而，於升降腳20之升降作業之前後或與此同時一面組裝觸底式之塔式起重機10B之腳部塊體15a而形成腳部15，一面藉由塔體升降系統16使腳部15下降並觸底，從而在穩定之狀態下對作業台船進行位置保持。
Furthermore, in the case of the
於作業台船1A~1H中，當位置保持結束後，或與位置保持作業同時進行塔式起重機10A、10B、10C之組裝。於作業台船1A中，於如圖20般起重機本體13被拆解之情形時進行組裝，使其成為圖2之狀態。如圖21所示般，自該圖2之狀態藉由塔式起重機10A之自動升降裝置使起重機本體13頂升，並增加桅桿塊體12a之組入個數，從而使塔體12升高。藉此，設為如圖3所示般可在作業台船1A中利用甲板載置型之塔式起重機10A進行起重機作業的狀態。再者，於作業台船1B、1C中，亦設為如圖6、圖7所示般可進行甲板載置型之塔式起重機10A之起重機作業的狀態。
In the
又，於搭載有腳部升降型之塔式起重機10B的作業台船1D、1E、1F中，位置保持與腳部升降型之塔式起重機10B之腳部15之觸底結束。於其前後或與此同時，利用塔式起重機10B之自動升降裝置使起重機本體13頂升，增加桅桿塊體12a之組入個數，從而使塔體12升高。
Furthermore, in the
並且，於夾持裝置17成為可於起重機作業時解除固定支撐，從而可在容許相對位移的狀態下將塔式起重機10B柔軟地支撐於作業台船1D、1E、1F的構成之情形時，解除該夾持裝置17之固定支撐。另一方面，於夾持裝置17成為無法解除固定支撐的構成之情形時，依舊維持固定狀態。藉此，設為如圖10、圖13、圖14所示般可利用腳部升降型之塔式起重機10B進行起重機作業的狀態。
In addition, when the
又，於搭載有升降腳載置型之塔式起重機10C的作業台船1G、1H中，當位置保持結束後，與圖19所示相同，於升降腳20A上所載置的塔式起重機10C中，組入桅桿塊體12a而使塔體12升高，從而設為如圖17、圖18所示般可利用升降腳載置型塔式起重機10C進行起重機作業的狀態。
Moreover, in the
並且，於作業台船1A~1H中，當成為可進行起重機作業之狀態後，一面視需要僅組入所需之個數之桅桿塊體12a而使塔體12之高度成為適於起重機作業之高度，一面進行起重機作業。於自動升降型之情形時，成為起重機本體13可藉由油壓缸進行自動升降，並利用起重機本體13上所設置的吊重機吊起並添加所要追加的桅桿塊體12a的構造。
In addition, when the
例如，於吊鉤高度170m、懸吊荷重125t、吊起速度6m/分鐘之進行起重機作業的塔式起重機之標準規格中，為了達到最高自立高度，需要逐次增加8個高度7.8m之桅桿塊體12a。於該塔式起重機中，每一個桅桿塊體12a之安裝時間為1小時左右，因此要想達到最高自立高度需要8小時左右。因此，藉由以事先將桅桿塊體12a搭建成2個1組，於1小時左右內裝入高度成為15.6m的桅桿塊體12a之方式進行改良，將該步驟重複進行4次，藉此可於短時間內獲得可
進行5MW級之風車之作業的懸吊高度。再者，於該標準規格之桅桿塊體12a中，每一個之塊體高度係考慮陸地上之搬運方面之制約而設定者，於海上並不受該搬運方面之制約，因此可整合設置2塊體。
For example, in the standard specifications of a tower crane for crane operations with a hook height of 170m, a suspended load of 125t, and a lifting speed of 6m/min, in order to reach the maximum free-standing height, it is necessary to gradually add eight mast blocks with a height of 7.8m. 12a. In this tower crane, the installation time of each
又，於該起重機作業時，一面進行用以維持繫泊系統、船體姿勢的壓艙控制、或者進行升降腳20、20A、20B或腳部15的升降調整控制，且一面維持作業台船1A~1H之船體姿勢，一面進行海上構造物之設置等之起重機作業。
Moreover, during the operation of the crane, the
並且，當在該作業位置的起重機作業結束後，視需要解除繫泊系統，或使升降腳20上升，在作業水域內移動至其他作業位置，再次設置繫泊系統，使升降腳20、20A、20B、腳部15下降及觸底，從而於該作業位置進行位置保持並進行起重機作業。於該作業水域內重複此步驟。並且，於該作業水域的一連串起重機作業結束，而向其他作業水域移動時，於作業台船1A~1H中設為航行時之圖2、圖5、圖9、圖12、圖16之狀態。
Moreover, after the crane operation at the working position is completed, the mooring system is released if necessary, or the lifting
根據上述起重機運用方法，於進行起重機作業時，藉由形成在塔式起重機10A~10C中之塔體12的桅桿塊體12a之堆疊個數調整懸吊高度，於停止起重機作業而進行航行時，減少桅桿塊體12a之堆疊個數使其少於利用塔式起重機10A~10C進行作業時的個數，從而降低塔體12之高度。
According to the above-mentioned crane operating method, when performing crane operations, the suspension height is adjusted by the stacking number of the
根據該起重機運用方法，可於進行起重機作業時，僅藉由增加桅桿塊體12a之堆疊個數，相對於超大型風車之高度而配合該高度容易地調整設置高度及懸吊物高度。又，可於航行時僅藉由減少桅桿塊體12a之堆疊個數，容易地降低塔體12之高度，因此可降低航行時之作業台船1A~1H之水線上船高。
According to this crane operating method, the installation height and the height of the suspended object can be easily adjusted to the height of the super-large windmill by simply increasing the number of stacked
因此，其可簡單地進行：於作業水域中配合水深添加塔體12；於需要進行風車維護之情形時配合風車調整起重機高度；及於不需要塔式起重機10A、10B、10C且塔式起重機成為干擾的項目中將其暫時撤除等。
Therefore, it can be simply: add the
根據上述構成之具備起重機之作業台船1A~1H及其起重機運用方法，當用於在淺海區域的海上工程、尤其是用於著床型之海上風力發電裝置之設置或其維護工程之情形時，可對應作業對象物之高度容易地變更起重機之懸吊高度，並且可於未進行起重機作業之情形下航行時，降低起重機之高度，從而降低水線上船高，此外，作用於起重機之基部之傾覆力矩較小，且起重機之基部構造之規模較小即可，從而可抑制作業台船1A~1H之船體的大型化。
The
1A:作業台船(搭載甲板載置式塔式起重機之排水量型作業台船) 1A: Work platform ship (displacement type work platform ship equipped with deck-mounted tower crane)
2:船體(平台) 2: Hull (platform)
3:甲板(甲板) 3:Deck(deck)
4:突出部 4:Protrusion
5:上部構造物 5: Upper structure
10A:塔式起重機(甲板載置式) 10A: Tower crane (deck mounted)
12a:桅桿塊體 12a:mast block
13b:吊桿(懸臂：起重機之臂) 13b: Boom (cantilever: crane arm)
13c:前撐桿 13c: Front stay
13d:後撐桿 13d:Rear stay
13e:鋼索 13e: Steel rope
13f:駕駛室 13f: Cab
D:凹部 D: concave part
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| JPS55165890A (en) * | 1979-06-07 | 1980-12-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Working boat |
| CN105152040A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-16 | 山东海湾吊装工程股份有限公司 | Process for sectionally closing and hoisting pile legs of self-elevating offshore oil platform through crawler crane |
| JP2018150089A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-09-27 | Ｉｈｉ運搬機械株式会社 | Operation method of tower crane |
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| JPS61165471A (en) * | 1985-01-18 | 1986-07-26 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | Iron tower construction method and climbing crane used therein |
| JPS6216998A (en) * | 1985-07-12 | 1987-01-26 | 越原 良忠 | Crane for construction |
| JP2004001750A (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2004-01-08 | Penta Ocean Constr Co Ltd | Special working ship and execution method for offshore structure |
| JP5189050B2 (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2013-04-24 | 第一建設機工株式会社 | Connecting self-elevating work platform ship and installation method of wind power generation facilities in the open ocean |
| CN102398860A (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2012-04-04 | 武汉高智创新科技有限公司 | Installation apparatus and method for offshore wind power equipment |
| CN105711766B (en) * | 2016-04-03 | 2017-08-25 | 大连理工大学 | From liter descending underwater operation platform and its an application method |
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| JPS55165890A (en) * | 1979-06-07 | 1980-12-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Working boat |
| CN105152040A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-16 | 山东海湾吊装工程股份有限公司 | Process for sectionally closing and hoisting pile legs of self-elevating offshore oil platform through crawler crane |
| JP2018150089A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-09-27 | Ｉｈｉ運搬機械株式会社 | Operation method of tower crane |
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