CN114378237A - Forged steel piston skirt forming method and forming die thereof - Google Patents
Forged steel piston skirt forming method and forming die thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114378237A CN114378237A CN202210036458.7A CN202210036458A CN114378237A CN 114378237 A CN114378237 A CN 114378237A CN 202210036458 A CN202210036458 A CN 202210036458A CN 114378237 A CN114378237 A CN 114378237A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/14—Ejecting devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/18—Making machine elements pistons or plungers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forged steel piston skirt forming method and a forming die thereof, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) placing the prepared blank on a lower mold core in a lower mold sleeve; 2) pressing an upper mold core and an upper mold stress ring downwards, wherein the upper mold core is firstly contacted with the blank, the upper mold stress ring is then closed with the lower mold sleeve, and the upper mold core, the upper mold stress ring, the lower mold sleeve and the lower mold core form a closed cavity; 3) continuously pressing the upper mold core downwards, reversely extruding and forming the blank and filling the closed cavity to obtain a formed workpiece; 4) moving the upper mold core and the upper mold stress ring upwards to separate from the formed workpiece; 5) moving the lower mold core upwards, and ejecting the formed workpiece from the lower mold sleeve; the forging method can finish the forging processing of the blank by utilizing a plurality of deformation processes of firstly impacting forging deformation and then extruding deformation in the one-time forging forming process, realizes the closed forging forming processing of the forged steel piston skirt and ensures the forming precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal plastic precision forming, in particular to a forming method and a forming die for a forged steel piston skirt.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction, the strengthening index and the emission standard of the engine are continuously improved, wherein the piston is a core component influencing the performance of the engine. Aluminum alloy pistons for diesel and gas engines have been progressively replaced by forged steel pistons.
Forged steel pistons have now been developed in split construction, produced as follows: respectively forging and forming a piston head blank and a skirt blank → roughly processing the piston head blank and the skirt blank → welding the piston head and the skirt part → ultrasonically detecting the quality of a weld seam → finely processing the piston → processing the surface of the piston, wherein the forming difficulty of the thin-wall and deep-cylinder-shaped piston skirt blank is the greatest.
For example, chinese patent with publication number CN 213496269U discloses a steel piston forging die, which includes two sets of relatively independent dies, namely, a pre-forging die and a finish-forging die, wherein the pre-forging die is composed of a pre-forging upper die and a pre-forging lower die, the finish-forging die is composed of a finish-forging upper die and a finish-forging lower die, inner cavities of the pre-forging die and the finish-forging die are composed of a skirt portion, a core portion and a combustion chamber, an upper die blocking trough and a lower die blocking trough which are matched and communicated are arranged between the pre-forging upper die and the pre-forging lower die, a flash groove is further arranged between the upper die and the lower die of the pre-forging die and the finish-forging die, the flash groove is matched and communicated with the combustion chamber through the upper die blocking trough and the lower die blocking trough which are communicated with each other, and the flash groove is matched and communicated with the combustion chamber in the finish-forging die. Through the design of the flash groove in the scheme, the material can overflow in the forging process, and the material can overflow to the flash groove.
For another example, chinese patent No. CN 201720380U discloses a piston forging die, which comprises an upper die part and a lower die part, wherein an upper pad is placed under the upper die base, a fixing plate is in interference fit with a male die, the male die forms the shape and size of the inner cavity of the piston during forging, the fixing plate is in interference fit with the guide sleeve to position the guide sleeve, the female die is in interference fit with the guide post, the guide post and the guide sleeve are in clearance fit during die assembly to ensure that the upper and lower dies are correctly positioned when the die is closed, a cavity in the middle of the female die forms the outer shape and size of the piston during forging, a lower push block is placed at the bottom of the cavity of the female die, a lower pad is placed under the female die, and a lower die base is placed under the lower pad. In the drawings of the specification, it can be seen that a groove is also arranged between the female die and the fixed plate, and the groove can be used as an overflow groove or a flash groove, so that the scheme also adopts an open forging scheme.
In conclusion, the forming of the forged steel piston skirt blank generally adopts an open forging method on a forging press, and the three steps of upsetting, pre-forging and finish forging are carried out. The universal forging steel piston skirt blank open forging method has the advantages that the design and manufacturing difficulty of a die is low, the production process is simple, the constraint force on metal materials in the forming process is small, stable forming cannot be achieved, near-net forming of the thin-wall deep-cylinder-shaped forging steel piston skirt blank is difficult to achieve, the material utilization rate is low, the method has multiple steps, burrs are generated, and workpieces cannot be stably clamped during automatic production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forged steel piston skirt forming method and a forming die thereof, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art, the upper die core and the upper die stress ring which move relatively are arranged, in the forging forming process, the upper die core is firstly contacted with a blank to carry out impact forging deformation, then a closed cavity is formed, the upper die core is continuously pressed down in the closed cavity to enable the blank to be reversely extruded and formed to fill the closed cavity, so that the forging processing of the blank can be completed by utilizing a plurality of deformation processes of firstly impacting forging deformation and then extruding deformation in the once forging forming process, the closed forging forming processing of the forged steel piston skirt can be realized, and the forming precision is ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a forged steel piston skirt forming method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the prepared blank on a lower mold core in a lower mold sleeve;
(2) pressing an upper mold core and an upper mold stress ring downwards, wherein the upper mold core is firstly contacted with the blank, the upper mold stress ring is then closed with the lower mold sleeve, the upper mold core, the upper mold stress ring, the lower mold sleeve and the lower mold core form a closed cavity, and the blank is positioned in the closed cavity;
(3) continuously pressing the upper mold core downwards, reversely extruding and forming the blank and filling the closed cavity to obtain a formed workpiece;
(4) moving the upper mold core and the upper mold stress ring upwards to separate from the formed workpiece;
(5) and moving the lower mold core upwards, and ejecting the formed workpiece from the lower mold sleeve.
Preferably, the optimization results of the mold structure and the mold cavity are determined by using a computer numerical simulation technology.
Preferably, the height-diameter ratio of the blank prepared in the step (1) is more than or equal to 1.3 and less than or equal to 2.5.
Preferably, in the step (1), the blank is placed on the lower mold core by clamping with a manipulator or a hand clamp, and the blank placement position is limited by the inner diameter of the lower mold sleeve or a circular groove of a middle cavity of the lower mold core, so that the blank is positioned and placed.
The invention also provides a forged steel piston skirt forming die, which comprises an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper die stress ring and an upper die core arranged in the upper die stress ring in a sliding manner, the lower die assembly comprises a lower die sleeve and a lower die core arranged in the lower die sleeve in a sliding manner, the upper die core, the lower die core, the upper die stress ring and the lower die sleeve can enclose a closed cavity for forging forming, the upper die core is used for bearing the pressure of an inner slide block of a press machine, and the upper die stress ring is used for bearing the pressure of an outer slide block of the press machine.
Preferably, the inner diameter side of the upper die stress ring is provided with a draft angle and is provided with a step or an arc, and the inner diameter side of the lower die sleeve is not provided with the draft angle.
Preferably, a flange is arranged at the top of the upper mold core, and a return spring is abutted between the bottom surface of the flange and the top surface of the upper mold stress ring.
Preferably, the outer side of the upper mold core is provided with a limit stop, the top of the limit stop is provided with a through hole penetrating through the inner slide block, and the bottom of the limit stop is connected to the upper mold stress ring.
Preferably, the outer diameter side of the upper die stress ring is sleeved on the inner diameter side of the upper die sleeve, and the outer diameter side of the upper die stress ring and the inner diameter side of the upper die sleeve are provided with matched tapers.
Preferably, the upper die core corresponds to the opening direction of the formed forged steel piston skirt.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) according to the invention, by arranging the upper die core and the upper die stress ring which move relatively, in the forging forming process, the upper die core is firstly contacted with the blank to carry out impact forging deformation, then a closed cavity is formed, and the upper die core is continuously pressed down in the closed cavity to enable the blank to be reversely extruded and formed to fill the closed cavity, so that the forging processing of the blank can be completed by utilizing a plurality of deformation processes of firstly impacting forging deformation and then extruding deformation in the one-time forging forming process, the closed forging forming processing of a forged steel piston skirt can be realized, and the forming precision is ensured;
(2) in the process of primary forging precision forming, the invention firstly carries out primary blocking forging forming, then carries out secondary extrusion forming on the blank by the upper die core in a closed space, completes the forming process of the piston skirt, reduces the prior several forging steps of pre-forging and finish forging into one step, completes the pre-forging and finish forging of the forged steel piston skirt on one station and one set of dies, does not influence the service life of the dies, greatly reduces the cost of the dies, and can improve the production efficiency on the basis;
(3) according to the invention, the inner diameter side of the upper die stress ring is provided with the die drawing inclination, and is provided with the step or the arc, and the inner diameter side of the lower die sleeve is not provided with the die drawing inclination, so that a formed workpiece can be prevented from moving along with the upper die core in the die drawing process, the formed workpiece can be smoothly separated from the upper die core and the upper die stress ring, and then the formed workpiece is ejected out of the lower die sleeve by moving the lower die core upwards, and finally, the formed workpiece can be smoothly demoulded, the formed workpiece is easy to demould, the die is not clamped, the forming is stable, and the automatic production is easy to realize;
(4) according to the invention, the flange is arranged at the top of the upper die core, the return spring is abutted between the bottom surface of the flange and the top surface of the upper die stress ring, and the upper die core can smoothly move upwards when the inner slide block moves upwards through the arrangement of the return spring, so that the upper die core can be smoothly separated from a formed workpiece;
(5) the matched taper is arranged on the outer diameter side of the upper die stress ring and the inner diameter side of the upper die sleeve, the outer diameter side of the upper die stress ring is sleeved on the inner diameter side of the upper die sleeve through the taper, the upper die stress ring and the conical surface of the upper die sleeve can be connected in an interference fit mode, and the upper die stress ring can be conveniently replaced when the upper die stress ring has the irreparable defects of abrasion, cracks, aging and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the upper die assembly;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a formed workpiece (forged steel piston skirt);
FIG. 6 is another directional view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the application of the present invention in a double action hot die forging press;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the application of the present invention in a double-acting hydraulic press;
wherein, 1, an inner slide block; 2. an outer slide block; 3. a limit stop block; 4. putting a die sleeve; 5. a return spring; 6. an upper mold core; 7. an upper die stress ring; 8. a lower mold core; 9. a lower die sleeve; 10. a lower main ejector rod; 100. forming a workpiece; 200. a forming die; 300. a double acting hot die forging press; 400. a double-action hydraulic press.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a forged steel piston skirt forming method and a forming die thereof, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art, the upper die core and the upper die stress ring which move relatively are arranged, so that the upper die core contacts a blank firstly to perform impact forging deformation in the forging forming process, then a closed cavity is formed, the die core is continuously pressed downwards in the closed cavity to enable the blank to be reversely extruded and formed to fill the closed cavity, the forging processing of the blank can be completed by utilizing multiple deformation processes of firstly impact forging deformation and then extrusion deformation in the once forging forming process, the closed forging forming processing of the forged steel piston skirt can be realized, and the forming precision is ensured.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in figures 1-8, the invention provides a forged steel piston skirt forming method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the prepared blank is placed on a lower die core 8 in a lower die sleeve 9, the lower die core 8 can slide in the lower die sleeve 9, the bottom of the lower die core 8 can be fixed at a specified position through a lower main ejector rod 10, the position is kept unchanged in the forging process, and after the forging is completed, the lower die core 8 is moved upwards through jacking the lower main ejector rod 10 so as to eject the formed workpiece 100. The common blank is a bar stock, and chamfering treatment is needed to reduce the influence of the edge and corner of the bar stock on forming stress. When the blank is prepared, in order to improve thermoplasticity and reduce deformation resistance, induction heating can be carried out to a temperature higher than the recrystallization temperature, wherein the heating temperatures of blanks made of different materials are different, the materials adopted by the current common steel piston skirt are 42CrMo4, 38MnVS6 and the like, and the heating temperature is generally Ac3+ 300-400 ℃. The temperature of the blank cannot be too high or too low, and the material is easy to over-burn due to too high temperature, so that the material is scrapped; the phenomenon of insufficient filling of the forged steel piston skirt is easily caused due to the fact that the material temperature is too low, high deformation resistance is easily formed, the plasticity is poor. Further, after the heating of the billet is completed, scale inevitably occurs on the surface of the billet, and it is necessary to perform a formal forging process after removing the scale.
(2) The upper mold core 6 and the upper mold stress ring 7 can be simultaneously pressed down by using the inner slide 1 and the outer slide 2 of the equipment, and the used equipment can be a double-action hydraulic press 400 or a double-action hot die forging press 300. The blank has certain height, goes up mold core 6 and goes up the descending in-process of mold stress circle 7 at last mold core 6 and contacts with the blank earlier, takes place the impact forging with the blank at first for the blank forges the deformation, and the diameter grow to contact gradually and go up mold stress circle 7, along with the going on of this process, go up mold stress circle 7 and lower die sleeve 9 closure, at this moment, go up mold core 6, go up mold stress circle 7 and lower die sleeve 9, lower mold core 8 formation closed die cavity, the blank is located closed die cavity. It should be noted that after the closed cavity is formed, the upper mold core 6 can still move downward, and therefore, the size of the formed closed cavity is gradually changed along with the movement of the upper mold core 6.
(3) The upper die core 6 continues to move downwards under the pushing of the inner slide block 1 to extrude the blank in the closed die cavity, at the moment, the upper die core 6 moves downwards, the forming direction of the blank is opposite to that of the blank to form reverse extrusion forming, and the reverse extrusion forming can ensure that the thin skirt edge of the forged steel piston skirt can be fully filled. And stopping when the inner slide block 1 reaches the set gliding stroke, finally, filling the closed cavity with the blank to obtain a formed workpiece 100, finishing the precision forming process without the flash, and having high utilization rate of raw materials.
(4) The upper mold core 6 and the upper mold stress ring 7 are moved upwards to be separated from the upper half part (namely the thin skirt part) of the formed workpiece 100, the inner diameter side of the upper mold stress ring 7 is provided with a draft angle, so that the demolding is easy, the inner diameter side of the lower mold sleeve 9 is not provided with the draft angle, the formed workpiece 100 can be held tightly, and the formed workpiece 100 is not returned along with the upper mold stress ring 7.
(5) After the upper die stress ring 7 returns to separate from the formed workpiece 100, the lower die core 8 strongly ejects the formed workpiece 100 from the lower die sleeve 9 under the action of the lower main ejector rod 10, and then the formed workpiece is taken out by using a manipulator or a hand clamp. If the cavity structure of the lower mold core 8 is complex and the manipulator or the hand clamp cannot be taken out, a circular plane end surface ejector rod is generally arranged in the middle of the lower mold core 8 to directly eject the formed workpiece 100.
According to the invention, the upper die core 6 and the upper die stress ring 7 which move relatively are arranged, in the forging forming process, the upper die core 6 is firstly contacted with the blank to perform impact forging deformation, then a closed cavity is formed, the upper die core 6 is continuously pressed down in the closed cavity, so that the closed cavity is filled by the blank through reverse extrusion forming, the forging processing of the blank can be completed by utilizing a plurality of deformation processes of firstly impacting forging deformation and then extruding deformation in the once forging forming process, the closed forging forming processing of the forged steel piston skirt can be realized, and the forming precision is ensured. In addition, in the process of primary forging and precision forming, the invention firstly carries out primary closed forging and forming, then the upper die core 6 carries out secondary extrusion forming on the blank in a closed space, the forming process of the piston skirt is completed, the prior several forging steps of pre-forging and finish forging are reduced into one step, the pre-forging and the finish forging of the forged steel piston skirt can be completed on one station and one set of dies, the service life of the dies is not influenced, and the die cost is greatly reduced.
In order to ensure the one-step forging forming process, parameters such as the cavity of the die, the volume of the blank and the like need to be accurately designed, and the optimization results of the die structure and the die cavity can be determined by adopting a computer numerical simulation technology. Specifically, the forming die 200 d/a and the blank d/a are simplified into numerical simulation software, for example, metal forming simulation software is used for process simulation, the device conditions, the production process parameters, the forging environment temperature, the blank grid division and the like are set according to actual production, calculation simulation is performed after the simulation setting is completed, the simulation result is analyzed, the previous die design is optimized according to the simulation structure, simulation verification is performed again, and the steps are repeated until a theoretically ideal simulation state is obtained, so that the final die structure and the final die cavity optimization result are determined.
When the blank is placed in the step (1), the placement can be divided into manual clamp placement and manipulator placement, specifically, when the blank is clamped by the manual clamp, the blank is placed on the lower die core 8 and can only be positioned by depending on the inner diameter of the lower die sleeve 9, so that the requirement on the blank is severe in the mode, the diameter of the blank must meet the requirement that the blank is a little smaller than the inner diameter of the lower die sleeve 9 or a little smaller than a circular groove of a middle cavity of the lower die core 8 after being heated, and a single side generally has a gap of 0.5-1 mm. When a manipulator is adopted to clamp a blank, the center positioning of the blank on the lower die core 8 is completely set and centered by the manipulator, the diameter of the blank only needs to be smaller than the inner diameter of the lower die sleeve 9, and the height-diameter ratio of the blank must simultaneously meet the requirements of automatic feeding (not less than 1.3) and the requirement that the extrusion cannot be bent and broken (not more than 2.5), at the moment, more blank diameters are selected, and the limitation is smaller.
In the step (1), the blank can be placed on the lower mold core 8 by using a manipulator or a hand clamp, and the blank placement position is limited by using the inner diameter of the lower mold sleeve 9 or a circular groove of a middle cavity of the lower mold core 8, so that the blank is positioned and placed.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the invention further provides a forged steel piston skirt forming die 200, which comprises an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper die stress ring 7 and an upper die core 6 slidably arranged in the upper die stress ring 7, the lower die assembly comprises a lower die sleeve 9 and a lower die core 8 slidably arranged in the lower die sleeve 9, the upper die core 6, the lower die core 8, the upper die stress ring 7 and the lower die sleeve 9 can enclose a closed cavity for forging forming, and the closed cavity gradually changes along with the movement of the upper die core 6. The upper die core 6 is used for bearing the pressure of the inner slide block 1 of the press, and the upper die stress ring 7 is used for bearing the pressure of the outer slide block 2 of the press.
The inner diameter side of the upper die stress ring 7 can be provided with a draft angle and a step or an arc, wherein the step is as shown in fig. 4, when the upper die core 6 moves upwards, the formed workpiece 100 can not move along with the movement of the upper die core 6 under the block of the step or the arc, so that the smooth demoulding of the formed workpiece 100 and the upper die core 6 is realized. The inner diameter side of the lower die sleeve 9 can be free of the draft angle, when the upper die stress ring 7 moves in the upward direction, clamping force can be formed by the lower die sleeve 9 and acts together with the draft angle of the upper die stress ring 7, and the movement along with the movement of the upper die stress ring 7 is avoided, so that smooth demolding of the formed workpiece 100 and the upper die stress ring 7 is realized.
Go up the mold core 6 top and can be provided with the flange, the butt has reset spring 5 between the bottom surface of flange and the top surface of last mould stress circle 7, can compress reset spring 5 when last mold core 6 moves down, through reset spring 5's setting for interior slider 1 is when moving up, goes up mold core 6 and can move up smoothly, and then guarantees that last mold core 6 can break away from forming work piece 100 smoothly. The reset 5 can select a proper specification model according to the calculation of the demoulding force and the actual experience requirement.
Go up the outside of mold core 6 and can be provided with limit stop 3, limit stop 3 top is provided with the through-hole that runs through interior slider 1, and limit stop 3's bottom is connected on last mould stress circle 7, and limit stop 3 can inject the flange of last mold core 6 in certain moving range, avoids making under reset spring 5's effect go up mold core 6 and breaks away from the mould subassembly.
Go up the external diameter side of mould stress circle 7 and can overlap the internal diameter side of establishing at last die sleeve 4, the external diameter side of going up mould stress circle 7 and the internal diameter side of going up die sleeve 4 are provided with the tapering of matching, and at this moment, the external diameter side of going up mould stress circle 7 is established at the internal diameter side of last die sleeve 4 through the tapering cover, can be so that go up mould stress circle 7 and go up the conical surface interference fit connection of die sleeve 4, when the defect that can not repair such as wearing and tearing, crackle, ageing appear at last mould stress circle 7, can conveniently change and go up mould stress circle 7.
For the positions of the formed forged steel piston skirt corresponding to the upper die core 6 and the lower die core 8, the upper die core 6 corresponds to the opening direction of the formed forged steel piston skirt, and the lower die core 8 corresponds to the non-opening direction with the arc groove of the formed forged steel piston skirt.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A forged steel piston skirt forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) placing the prepared blank on a lower mold core in a lower mold sleeve;
(2) pressing an upper mold core and an upper mold stress ring downwards, wherein the upper mold core is firstly contacted with the blank, the upper mold stress ring is then closed with the lower mold sleeve, the upper mold core, the upper mold stress ring, the lower mold sleeve and the lower mold core form a closed cavity, and the blank is positioned in the closed cavity;
(3) continuously pressing the upper mold core downwards, reversely extruding and forming the blank and filling the closed cavity to obtain a formed workpiece;
(4) moving the upper mold core and the upper mold stress ring upwards to separate from the formed workpiece;
(5) and moving the lower mold core upwards, and ejecting the formed workpiece from the lower mold sleeve.
2. The method of forming a forged steel piston skirt according to claim 1, wherein: and determining the structure of the mold and the optimization result of the mold cavity by adopting a computer numerical simulation technology.
3. The method of forming a forged steel piston skirt according to claim 2, wherein: the height-diameter ratio of the blank prepared in the step (1) is more than or equal to 1.3 and less than or equal to 2.5.
4. A method of forming a forged steel piston skirt according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (1), the blank is placed on the lower mold core by clamping with a manipulator or a hand clamp, and the limitation on the placement position of the blank is realized by using the inner diameter of the lower mold sleeve or the circular groove of the middle cavity of the lower mold core, so that the positioning and placement of the blank are completed.
5. The utility model provides a forged steel piston skirt forming die which characterized in that: including last mould subassembly and lower mould subassembly, it includes mould stress circle and slides and sets up to go up the last mold core in the mould stress circle, lower mould subassembly includes die sleeve down and slides and set up lower mold core in the die sleeve down, go up the mold core down go up the mould stress circle with the die sleeve can enclose into the closed die cavity that is used for forging the taking shape down, it is used for bearing the pressure of the interior slider of press to go up the mold core, it is used for bearing the pressure of the outer slider of press to go up the mould stress circle.
6. The forged steel piston skirt forming die of claim 5, wherein: the inner diameter side of the upper die stress ring is provided with a draft angle and is provided with a step or an arc, and the inner diameter side of the lower die sleeve is not provided with the draft angle.
7. The forged steel piston skirt forming die of claim 5 or 6, wherein: a flange is arranged at the top of the upper die core, and a return spring is abutted between the bottom surface of the flange and the top surface of the upper die stress ring.
8. The forged steel piston skirt forming die of claim 7, wherein: and a limit stop is arranged on the outer side of the upper mold core, a through hole penetrating through the inner slide block is formed in the top of the limit stop, and the bottom of the limit stop is connected to the upper mold stress ring.
9. The forged steel piston skirt forming die of claim 7, wherein: the outer diameter side of the upper die stress ring is sleeved on the inner diameter side of the upper die sleeve, and matched tapers are arranged on the outer diameter side of the upper die stress ring and the inner diameter side of the upper die sleeve.
10. The forged steel piston skirt forming die of claim 7, wherein: and the upper die core correspondingly forms the opening direction of the forged steel piston skirt.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN117960982A (en) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-05-03 | 江苏理研科技股份有限公司 | Forging processing technology of end face spline |
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| CN114378237B (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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