CN114369864B - Assembling tool and method for precisely controlling seed crystal orientation consistency - Google Patents
Assembling tool and method for precisely controlling seed crystal orientation consistency Download PDFInfo
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- CN114369864B CN114369864B CN202111538129.4A CN202111538129A CN114369864B CN 114369864 B CN114369864 B CN 114369864B CN 202111538129 A CN202111538129 A CN 202111538129A CN 114369864 B CN114369864 B CN 114369864B
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- seed crystal
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
- C30B11/14—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method characterised by the seed, e.g. its crystallographic orientation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/057—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being less 10%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
- C30B11/002—Crucibles or containers for supporting the melt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/52—Alloys
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of monocrystal superalloy, in particular to an assembly tool and a method for precisely controlling the orientation consistency of seed crystals. The top of the assembling tool sliding rail base is provided with a fixed bracket and a movable bracket relatively, and the movable bracket is pushed forward to insert the heated seed crystal on the wax mould; the fixed support is provided with a fixed end four-jaw chuck, the movable support is provided with a rotatable four-jaw chuck, the rotatable four-jaw chuck is connected with the movable support through a bearing, and the fixed end four-jaw chuck corresponds to and is coaxial with the rotatable four-jaw chuck; one end of a horizontal seed crystal is arranged on the rotatable four-jaw chuck, and a heating ring is arranged outside the other end of the seed crystal; one end of the horizontal wax mould is arranged on the four-jaw clamping head of the fixed end, and the other end of the seed crystal corresponds to the other end of the wax mould. The invention can eliminate the orientation error introduced by manual assembly, accurately control the orientation of the seed crystal by a mechanical method, and optimize the process of preparing the monocrystal superalloy casting with controlled secondary orientation by the seed crystal method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of monocrystal superalloy, in particular to an assembly tool and a method for precisely controlling the orientation consistency of seed crystals.
Background
The single crystal superalloy has excellent high temperature properties, and thus is widely used for hot end parts of prior engines, and its mechanical properties have significant anisotropy. [001] The direction has smaller elastic modulus and good comprehensive creep and fatigue properties. Likewise, secondary orientation has a significant impact on the performance of single crystal superalloy components. Due to the complexity of the preparation process, only a certain deviation of the axial orientation is generally required, while no explicit requirement is made for the secondary orientation. By designing an assembly tool which is conducive to simplifying and accurately controlling the orientation consistency of the monocrystal superalloy, the difficulty of secondary orientation control is reduced by improving the process flow, the production efficiency and the accuracy are improved, and the assembly tool has very important significance for realizing the accurate control of the three-dimensional orientation industrialization of the monocrystal superalloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an assembling tool and a method for precisely controlling the orientation consistency of seed crystals, the tool is simple to operate, parts with different sizes and shapes can be clamped, the seed crystals can be directly matched with a wax mould, the axial direction and the secondary orientation can be precisely controlled, the process flow can be simplified, and the yield of single crystal superalloy castings with specific orientations can be improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an assembly tool of accurate control seed crystal orientation uniformity, this assembly tool includes slide rail base, fixed bolster, movable support, stiff end four-jaw chuck, rotatable four-jaw chuck, liftable brace table, heating ring, and specific structure is as follows:
the top of the slide rail base is provided with a fixed bracket and a movable bracket relatively, and the movable bracket advances forward to insert the heated seed crystal on the wax mould; the fixed support is provided with a fixed end four-jaw chuck, the movable support is provided with a rotatable four-jaw chuck, the rotatable four-jaw chuck is connected with the movable support through a bearing, and the fixed end four-jaw chuck corresponds to and is coaxial with the rotatable four-jaw chuck;
one end of a horizontal seed crystal is arranged on the rotatable four-jaw chuck, and a heating ring is arranged outside the other end of the seed crystal; one end of the horizontal wax mould is arranged on the four-jaw clamping head of the fixed end, the other end of the seed crystal corresponds to the other end of the wax mould, a liftable supporting table is arranged between the fixed support and the movable support on the sliding rail base, and the lifting direction of the liftable supporting table corresponds to the other end of the wax mould.
The assembling tool is characterized in that the assembling tool is used for accurately controlling the orientation consistency of seed crystals, the fixed support is locked on the slide rail base through bolts, two T-shaped grooves are formed in the upper surface of the slide rail base relatively in parallel, a T-shaped slide rail which corresponds to the T-shaped grooves and is in sliding fit is arranged at the bottom of the movable support, and the movable support moves to a required position forwards and backwards along the direction of the T-shaped grooves through the T-shaped slide rail and is locked on the slide rail base through bolts.
The assembling tool is characterized in that the assembling tool is used for accurately controlling the orientation consistency of seed crystals, a crank and a pointer are arranged at one end of the seed crystals, which penetrates through the outer side of the rotatable four-jaw chuck, the pointer is arranged on the crank, the pointer and the rotatable four-jaw chuck are coaxially assembled, a dial is fixed to the outer side of a movable support and used for identifying an angle of 0-360 degrees, and the pointer driven by the crank corresponds to the dial; the movable support is used for clamping seed crystals with different sizes and shapes, the seed crystals are driven to rotate through the crank, the pointer is enabled to point to a certain angle on the dial, and the secondary orientation of the casting is controlled.
The assembling tool for precisely controlling the orientation consistency of the seed crystal is characterized in that the heating ring is formed by butt joint of two semi-rings through buckles, the back surface of each semi-ring is connected with the movable support through a connecting rod, and the buckles are opened immediately after the heating ring heats the seed crystal.
A method for precisely controlling the uniformity of seed crystal orientation, comprising the steps of:
firstly, preparing seed crystals with specific directions, and marking planes of crystal faces corresponding to secondary orientations of the seed crystals;
secondly, preparing a casting wax mould, pouring molten wax into a mould, pressing and forming, and taking out the casting wax mould after cooling;
thirdly, fixing the wax mould on a fixed end four-jaw clamp on a fixed support of the assembly equipment, and lifting a liftable supporting table at the same time to ensure that the wax mould is parallel to a sliding rail base and is not deformed;
fourthly, fixing seed crystals on a rotatable four-jaw chuck on a movable support, determining that a pointer points to an initial position of 0 DEG when the seed crystals are clamped, enabling a plane of the seed crystals to be in contact with the four-jaw surface of the chuck, and rotating a crank to enable the pointer to point to a certain angle of 0-360 DEG on a dial;
fifthly, sleeving a heating ring around the outer side of the other end of the seed crystal, closing two semi-rings of the heating ring through a hasp, starting a heating switch of the heating ring, heating the seed crystal to 70-200 ℃, and immediately opening the hasp connected with the two semi-rings of the heating ring after the seed crystal is heated to the temperature;
step six, pushing the movable support to move towards the fixed support, enabling the heated seed crystal to be in contact with the wax pattern, melting the wax pattern by utilizing the temperature of the seed crystal, enabling the seed crystal to be rapidly inserted into the wax pattern for 3-10 mm, and wrapping the seed crystal after the wax material is cooled;
step seven, loosening the positioning nuts of the fixed end four-jaw chuck and the rotatable four-jaw chuck, taking down the combined seed crystal and wax pattern, and combining the seed crystal and the wax pattern with other wax patterns to form a wax pattern;
eighth, the steps of hanging refractory slurry and sanding are repeated for 2 to 10 times, and then the ceramic shell with embedded directional seed crystals is prepared by drying, dewaxing and roasting the ceramic shell;
and ninth, casting the single crystal superalloy casting in the single crystal furnace.
In the method for precisely controlling the orientation consistency of the seed crystal, in the first step, the seed crystal is cut from an original bar stock, the surface of the seed crystal is polished to be smooth and flat after the seed crystal is cut, and the seed crystal is cleaned by alcohol.
In the method for precisely controlling the orientation consistency of the seed crystal, in the first step, the polishing treatment conditions are as follows: the surface is polished to be smooth by using No. 180, no. 400, no. 800, no. 1000 and No. 2000 water sand paper one by one, and then seed crystal is polished and polished on a polishing machine.
The method for precisely controlling the orientation consistency of the seed crystal comprises the following steps that the single crystal superalloy is nickel-based single crystal superalloy, and the nickel-based single crystal superalloy is Ni- (0-20) Cr- (0-10) Co- (0-13) Mo- (0-9) W- (0-15) Al- (0-10) Ta- (0-5) Ti (0-4) Nb (0-1) Hf material according to mass percentage.
The design idea of the invention is as follows:
the assembly tool for precisely controlling the orientation consistency of seed crystals comprises two chucks with coaxiality, a crank capable of rotating to a certain angle, a coaxial sliding rail, a liftable supporting table and a heating ring. The device has the functions of simultaneously holding two parts and directionally rotating one part, can ensure the coaxiality of the two parts in the process of combining the seed crystal and the wax mould, can control the secondary orientation of the casting through the directional rotation of the chuck at one end, and can directly insert the heated seed crystal into the wax mould through the heating device.
According to the invention, through designing the two clamping ends with coaxiality, the clamping ends can clamp parts with different sizes and shapes within a certain range, meanwhile, the assembling tool with a specific angle can be rotated, so that the manual error in the process of installing the seed crystal and the wax mould is reduced, and the alignment consistency of the seed crystal and the casting is accurately controlled.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention ensures the consistency of orientation in the process of assembling the seed crystal and the wax mould, and reduces the error caused by manual introduction.
2. The invention can directly rotate the seed crystal by any angle through the tool to obtain the casting with specific secondary orientation.
3. The invention can directly heat the seed crystal, and is convenient for the seed crystal to be inserted into the wax mould.
4. The invention has good effect of the consistency of the seed crystal and the casting orientation, high precision and high repeatability.
5. The invention simplifies the process flow of shell assembly, improves the efficiency and reduces the labor cost.
6. The invention improves the qualification rate of single crystal high temperature castings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tool and part holding according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a tool and part clamp of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a right side view of fig. 2.
In the figure, 1, a slide rail base, 2, a fixed support, 3, a movable support, 4, a fixed end four-jaw chuck, 5, a rotatable four-jaw chuck, 6, a crank, 7, a dial, 8, a pointer, 9, a liftable supporting table, 10, a heating ring, 11, a T-shaped groove, 12, a T-shaped slide rail, 13, a wax pattern, 14 and a seed crystal.
Detailed Description
In a specific implementation process, the invention provides an assembly tool and a method for precisely controlling the orientation consistency of seed crystals, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing seed crystals with specific directions, and marking planes of crystal faces corresponding to secondary orientations of the seed crystals.
Cutting seed crystal from original bar stock, polishing surface to smooth and flat after cutting, and cleaning seed crystal with alcohol.
Grinding and polishing treatment conditions: the surface is polished to be smooth by using No. 180, no. 400, no. 800, no. 1000 and No. 2000 water sand paper one by one, and then seed crystal is polished and polished on a polishing machine.
And secondly, preparing a casting wax mould, pouring the melted wax into a mould, pressing and forming, and taking out the casting wax mould after cooling.
And thirdly, fixing the wax mould 13 on the fixed end four-jaw chuck 4 on the fixed support 2 of the assembly equipment, and lifting the liftable supporting table 9 at the same time, so that the wax mould 13 is placed parallel to the slide rail base 1 without deformation.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the assembly tool for precisely controlling the orientation consistency of seed crystals comprises a slide rail base 1, a fixed support 2, a movable support 3, a fixed end four-jaw chuck 4, a rotatable four-jaw chuck 5, a crank 6, a dial 7, a pointer 8, a liftable supporting table 9 and a heating ring 10, and has the following specific structure:
the top of the slide rail base 1 is relatively provided with a fixed bracket 2 and a movable bracket 3, the fixed bracket 2 is locked on the slide rail base through bolts, the upper surface of the slide rail base 1 is relatively provided with two T-shaped grooves 11 in parallel, the bottom of the movable bracket 3 is provided with a T-shaped slide rail 12 which corresponds to the T-shaped grooves 11 and is in sliding fit, the movable bracket 3 moves back and forth to a required position along the direction of the T-shaped grooves 11 through the T-shaped slide rail 12 and is locked on the slide rail base 1 through bolts, and the movable bracket 3 is pushed forward to insert a heated seed crystal 14 on a wax mold 13; the fixed end four-jaw chuck 4 is arranged on the fixed support 2, the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5 is arranged on the movable support 3, the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5 is connected with the movable support 3 through a bearing, and the fixed end four-jaw chuck 4 corresponds to and is coaxial with the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5.
One end of a horizontal seed crystal 14 is arranged on the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5, the seed crystal 14 passes through one end of the outer side of the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5 to be provided with a crank 6 and a pointer 8, the pointer 8 is arranged on the crank 6, the crank 6 and the pointer 8 are coaxially assembled with the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5, a dial 7 is fixed on the outer side of the movable bracket 3 and used for marking angles of 0-360 degrees, and the pointer 8 driven by the crank 6 corresponds to the dial 7; the movable support 3 is used for clamping seed crystals with different sizes and shapes, the seed crystals 14 are driven to rotate through the crank 6, the pointer 8 points to a specific angle on the dial 7, and the secondary orientation of the casting can be controlled. The heating ring 10 is arranged on the outer side of the other end of the seed crystal 14, the heating ring 10 is formed by butt joint of two semi-rings through buckles, the back surface of each semi-ring is connected with the movable support 3 through a connecting rod, the buckles are opened immediately after the heating ring 10 heats the seed crystal 14, and the heating ring 10 is convenient to detach quickly. One end of a horizontal wax mould 13 is arranged on the fixed end four-jaw chuck 4, the other end of a seed crystal 14 corresponds to the other end of the wax mould 13, a liftable supporting table 9 is arranged between the fixed support 2 and the movable support 3 on the sliding rail base 1, and the lifting direction of the liftable supporting table 9 corresponds to the other end of the wax mould 13.
Fourth, the seed crystal 14 is fixed on the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5 on the movable support 3, the pointer 8 is determined to point to an initial position (namely 0 DEG) during clamping, and the plane of the seed crystal 14 is contacted with the four-jaw surface of the chuck. The crank 6 is rotated to cause the pointer 8 to point to a specific angle, which is a certain angle corresponding to 0-360 degrees on the dial 7.
And fifthly, sleeving the heating ring 10 around the outer side of the other end of the seed crystal 14, closing two semi-rings of the heating ring 10 by a hasp, starting a heating switch of the heating ring 10, heating the seed crystal 14 to 70-200 ℃, and immediately opening the hasp connected with the two semi-rings of the heating ring 10 after the temperature is reached.
And sixth, pushing the movable support 3 to move towards the fixed support 2, enabling the heated seed crystal 14 to be in contact with the wax mould 13, melting the wax mould 13 by utilizing the temperature of the seed crystal 14, enabling the seed crystal 14 to be quickly inserted into the wax mould 13 for 3-10 mm, and wrapping the seed crystal 14 after the wax is cooled.
And seventhly, loosening the positioning nuts of the fixed end four-jaw chuck 4 and the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5, taking down the combined seed crystal 14 and the wax mould 13, and combining the seed crystal and the wax mould with the pouring cup wax mould and the like to form a wax mould set.
And eighth, repeatedly hanging refractory slurry and sanding the wax module for 2-10 times, and then drying, dewaxing and roasting the wax module to prepare the ceramic shell with embedded directional seed crystals.
And ninth, casting the single crystal superalloy casting in the single crystal furnace.
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in this embodiment, a wax mold is assembled by an assembling tool of the present invention, and a nickel-based single crystal superalloy test plate with an axial orientation of [001] and a secondary orientation of [001] is prepared, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing seed crystal 14 with axial direction of [001] and secondary orientation of [001], and cutting a mark plane perpendicular to the secondary orientation.
And 2, preparing a monocrystalline plate wax mould 13, pouring the melted wax into a mould, pressing for molding, and taking out the monocrystalline plate wax mould after cooling.
And 3, fixing the wax pattern 13 onto the four-jaw chuck 4 in a plane upwards, and locking the fixing bolt. And simultaneously, the liftable supporting platform 9 is lifted, so that the wax mould 13 is placed parallel to the slide rail base 1 without deformation.
Step 4, determining the scale mark of the pointer 8 at 0 DEG, fixing the seed crystal 14 on the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5, and assembling the marking plane in the step 1 upwards and parallel to the slide rail base 1. After the seed crystal 14 is fixed, the crank 6 is not rotated, so that the pointer 8 is still pointed on the 0-degree scale mark.
And 5, sleeving the heating ring 10 on the seed crystal 14, closing the two semi-rings by a hasp, and opening a heating switch to heat the seed crystal to 100 ℃. The heating loop fastener is opened immediately after the temperature is reached.
And 6, pushing the movable support 3 to move towards the fixed support 2, enabling the heated seed crystal 14 to be in contact with the wax mould 13, melting the wax mould 13 by using temperature, enabling the seed crystal 14 to be quickly inserted into the wax mould 13 for 6mm, and wrapping the seed crystal after the wax material is cooled.
And 7, loosening the positioning nuts of the fixed end four-jaw chuck 4 and the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5, taking down the combined seed crystal 14 and the wax mould 13, and combining the seed crystal and the wax mould with the pouring cup wax mould and the like to form a wax mould set.
And 8, repeatedly hanging refractory slurry and sanding the wax module for 5 times, drying, dewaxing and roasting the wax module to prepare the ceramic shell with embedded seed crystals.
And 9, casting the single-crystal superalloy plate in a single crystal furnace.
The nickel-based single crystal superalloy is Ni-8Cr-7Co-1.5Mo-5W-6Al-6Ta material in percentage by mass.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-3, in this embodiment, a wax mold is assembled by an assembling tool in the present invention, and a nickel-based single crystal superalloy test plate with an axial orientation of [001] and a secondary orientation of [011] is prepared, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, preparing seed crystal 14 with axial direction of [001] and secondary orientation of [001], and cutting a mark plane perpendicular to the secondary orientation.
And 2, preparing a monocrystalline plate wax mould 13, pouring the melted wax into a mould, pressing for molding, and taking out the monocrystalline plate wax mould after cooling.
And 3, fixing the wax pattern 13 onto the four-jaw chuck 4 in a plane upwards, and locking the fixing bolt. And simultaneously, the lifting supporting table 9 is lifted, so that the wax mould 13 is placed parallel to the slide rail base 1 without deformation.
Step 4, determining the scale mark of the pointer 8 at 0 DEG, fixing the seed crystal 14 on the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5, and assembling the marking plane in the step 1 upwards and parallel to the slide rail base 1. After the seed crystal 14 is fixed, the crank 6 is rotated to enable the pointer 8 to point on the 45-degree scale line.
And 5, sleeving the heating ring 10 on the seed crystal 14, closing the two semi-rings by a hasp, and opening a heating switch to heat the seed crystal to 100 ℃. The heating loop fastener is opened immediately after the temperature is reached.
And 6, pushing the movable support 3 to move towards the fixed support 2, enabling the heated seed crystal 14 to be in contact with the wax mould 13, melting the wax mould 13 by using temperature, enabling the seed crystal 14 to be quickly inserted into the wax mould 13 for 4mm, and wrapping the seed crystal after the wax material is cooled.
And 7, loosening the positioning nuts of the fixed end four-jaw chuck 4 and the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5, taking down the combined seed crystal 14 and the wax mould 13, and combining the seed crystal and the wax mould 13 with a pouring cup wax mould and the like to form a wax mould module.
And 8, repeatedly hanging refractory slurry and sanding the wax mould module for 6 times, drying, dewaxing and roasting the wax mould module to prepare the ceramic mould shell of the embedded seed crystal.
And 9, casting the single-crystal superalloy plate in a single crystal furnace.
The nickel-based single crystal superalloy is Ni-6Cr-9Co-1Mo-8W-6Al-4Ta-1.5Nb material in percentage by mass.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in this embodiment, a wax mold is assembled by an assembling tool of the present invention, and a nickel-based single crystal superalloy blade with an axial orientation of [001] and a secondary orientation of [001] is prepared, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing seed crystal 14 with axial direction of [001] and secondary orientation of [001], and cutting a mark plane perpendicular to the secondary orientation.
And 2, preparing a monocrystalline blade wax mould 13, pouring the melted wax into a mould, pressing for molding, and taking out the monocrystalline blade wax mould after cooling.
And 3, fixing the wax pattern 13 onto the four-jaw chuck 4 in a plane upwards, and locking the fixing bolt. And meanwhile, the liftable supporting platform 9 is lifted, so that the tenon part of the blade wax mould 13 is parallel to the slide rail base 1 and is not deformed.
Step 4, determining the scale mark of the pointer 8 at 0 DEG, fixing the seed crystal 14 on the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5, and assembling the marking plane in the step 1 upwards and parallel to the slide rail base 1. After the seed crystal 14 is fixed, the crank 6 is not rotated, so that the pointer 8 is still pointed on the 0-degree scale mark.
And 5, sleeving the heating ring 10 on the seed crystal 14, closing the two semi-rings by a hasp, and opening a heating switch to heat the seed crystal to 100 ℃. The heating loop fastener is opened immediately after the temperature is reached.
And 6, pushing the movable support 3 to move towards the fixed support 2, enabling the heated seed crystal 14 to be in contact with the wax mould 13, melting the wax mould 13 by using temperature, enabling the seed crystal 14 to be quickly inserted into the wax mould 13 for 5m, and wrapping the seed crystal after the wax material is cooled.
And 7, loosening the positioning nuts of the fixed end four-jaw chuck 4 and the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5, taking down the combined seed crystal 14 and the wax mould 13, and combining the seed crystal and the wax mould with the pouring cup wax mould and the like to form a wax mould set.
And 8, repeatedly hanging refractory slurry and sanding the wax module for 4 times, drying, dewaxing and roasting the wax module to prepare the ceramic shell with embedded seed crystals.
And 9, casting the single-crystal superalloy blade in a single crystal furnace.
The nickel-based single crystal superalloy is Ni-7Cr-8Co-1.5Mo-5W-6Al-6.5Ta-0.2Hf material in percentage by mass.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1-3, in this embodiment, a wax mold is assembled by an assembling tool of the present invention, and a nickel-based single crystal superalloy blade with an axial orientation of [001] and a secondary orientation of [011] is prepared, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing seed crystal 14 with axial direction of [001] and secondary orientation of [001], and cutting a mark plane perpendicular to the secondary orientation.
And 2, preparing a monocrystalline blade wax mould 13, pouring the melted wax into a mould, pressing for molding, and taking out the monocrystalline blade wax mould after cooling.
And 3, fixing the wax pattern 13 onto the four-jaw chuck 4 in a plane upwards, and locking the fixing bolt. And meanwhile, the liftable supporting platform 9 is lifted, so that the tenon part of the blade wax mould 13 is parallel to the slide rail base 1 and is not deformed.
Step 4, determining the scale mark of the pointer 8 at 0 DEG, fixing the seed crystal 14 on the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5, and assembling the marking plane in the step 1 upwards and parallel to the slide rail base 1. After the seed crystal 14 is fixed, the crank 6 is not rotated, so that the pointer 8 is ensured to be still pointed on the 45-degree scale mark.
And 5, sleeving the heating ring 10 on the seed crystal 14, closing the two semi-rings by a hasp, and opening a heating switch to heat the seed crystal to 100 ℃. The heating loop fastener is opened immediately after the temperature is reached.
And 6, pushing the movable support 3 to move towards the fixed support 2, enabling the heated seed crystal 14 to be in contact with the wax mould 13, melting the wax mould 13 by using temperature, enabling the seed crystal 14 to be quickly inserted into the wax mould 13 for 5mm, and wrapping the seed crystal after the wax material is cooled.
And 7, loosening the positioning nuts of the fixed end four-jaw chuck 4 and the rotatable four-jaw chuck 5, taking down the combined seed crystal 14 and the wax mould 13, and combining the seed crystal and the wax mould with the pouring cup wax mould and the like to form a wax mould set.
And 8, repeatedly hanging refractory slurry and sanding the wax module for 3 times, drying, dewaxing and roasting the wax module to prepare the ceramic shell with embedded seed crystals.
And 9, casting the single-crystal superalloy blade in a single crystal furnace.
The nickel-based single crystal superalloy is Ni-4.5Cr-2Mo-8W-6Al-8Ta-0.5Nb-0.1Hf material in percentage by mass.
The example result shows that the invention can eliminate the orientation error introduced by manual assembly, precisely control the seed crystal orientation by a mechanical method, and optimize the process of preparing the monocrystal superalloy casting with controlled secondary orientation by the seed crystal method.
Claims (6)
1. The assembly tool is characterized by comprising a slide rail base, a fixed support, a movable support, a fixed end four-jaw chuck, a rotatable four-jaw chuck, a liftable supporting table and a heating ring, wherein the specific structure is as follows:
the top of the slide rail base is provided with a fixed bracket and a movable bracket relatively, and the movable bracket advances forward to insert the heated seed crystal on the wax mould; the fixed support is provided with a fixed end four-jaw chuck, the movable support is provided with a rotatable four-jaw chuck, the rotatable four-jaw chuck is connected with the movable support through a bearing, and the fixed end four-jaw chuck corresponds to and is coaxial with the rotatable four-jaw chuck;
one end of a horizontal seed crystal is arranged on the rotatable four-jaw chuck, and a heating ring is arranged outside the other end of the seed crystal; one end of the horizontal wax mould is arranged on the fixed end four-jaw clamp, the other end of the seed crystal corresponds to the other end of the wax mould, a liftable supporting table is arranged between the fixed bracket and the movable bracket on the sliding rail base, and the lifting direction of the liftable supporting table corresponds to the other end of the wax mould;
the fixed support is locked on the slide rail base through a bolt, two T-shaped grooves are formed in the upper surface of the slide rail base in a relatively parallel manner, a T-shaped slide rail which corresponds to the T-shaped grooves and is in sliding fit is arranged at the bottom of the movable support, the movable support moves back and forth to a required position along the direction of the T-shaped grooves through the T-shaped slide rail, and the movable support is locked on the slide rail base through the bolt;
one end of the seed crystal, which passes through the outer side of the rotatable four-jaw chuck, is provided with a crank and a pointer, the pointer is arranged on the crank, the pointer and the rotatable four-jaw chuck are coaxially assembled, a dial is fixed on the outer side of the movable bracket and used for marking an angle of 0-360 degrees, and the pointer driven by the crank corresponds to the dial; the movable support is used for clamping seed crystals with different sizes and shapes, the seed crystals are driven to rotate through the crank, the pointer is enabled to point to a certain angle on the dial, and the secondary orientation of the casting is controlled.
2. The assembly tool for precisely controlling the uniformity of the orientation of the seed crystal according to claim 1, wherein the heating ring is composed of two half rings which are butted by a buckle, the back surface of each half ring is connected with the movable bracket by a connecting rod, and the buckle is opened immediately after the heating ring heats the seed crystal.
3. A method of precisely controlling seed orientation uniformity using the assembly tool of any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of:
firstly, preparing seed crystals with specific directions, and marking planes of crystal faces corresponding to secondary orientations of the seed crystals;
secondly, preparing a casting wax mould, pouring molten wax into a mould, pressing and forming, and taking out the casting wax mould after cooling;
thirdly, fixing the wax mould on a fixed end four-jaw clamp on a fixed support of the assembly equipment, and lifting a liftable supporting table at the same time to ensure that the wax mould is parallel to a sliding rail base and is not deformed;
fourthly, fixing seed crystals on a rotatable four-jaw chuck on a movable support, determining that a pointer points to an initial position of 0 DEG when the seed crystals are clamped, enabling a plane of the seed crystals to be in contact with the four-jaw surface of the chuck, and rotating a crank to enable the pointer to point to a certain angle of 0-360 DEG on a dial;
fifthly, sleeving a heating ring around the outer side of the other end of the seed crystal, closing two semi-rings of the heating ring through a hasp, starting a heating switch of the heating ring, heating the seed crystal to 70-200 ℃, and immediately opening the hasp connected with the two semi-rings of the heating ring after the seed crystal is heated to the temperature;
step six, pushing the movable support to move towards the fixed support, enabling the heated seed crystal to be in contact with the wax pattern, melting the wax pattern by utilizing the temperature of the seed crystal, enabling the seed crystal to be rapidly inserted into the wax pattern for 3-10 mm, and wrapping the seed crystal after the wax material is cooled;
step seven, loosening the positioning nuts of the fixed end four-jaw chuck and the rotatable four-jaw chuck, taking down the combined seed crystal and wax pattern, and combining the seed crystal and the wax pattern with other wax patterns to form a wax pattern;
eighth, the steps of hanging refractory slurry and sanding are repeated for 2 to 10 times, and then the ceramic shell with embedded directional seed crystals is prepared by drying, dewaxing and roasting the ceramic shell;
and ninth, casting the single crystal superalloy casting in the single crystal furnace.
4. A method for precisely controlling the uniformity of orientation of a seed crystal according to claim 3, wherein in the first step, the seed crystal is cut from a raw bar stock, the surface is polished to a smooth and flat surface after the cutting, and the seed crystal is washed with alcohol.
5. The method for precisely controlling the uniformity of orientation of a seed crystal according to claim 4, wherein in the first step, the polishing process conditions are: the surface is polished to be smooth by using No. 180, no. 400, no. 800, no. 1000 and No. 2000 water sand paper one by one, and then seed crystal is polished and polished on a polishing machine.
6. A method for precisely controlling the uniformity of seed crystal orientation according to claim 3, wherein the single crystal superalloy is a nickel-based single crystal superalloy, and the nickel-based single crystal superalloy is a Ni- (0-20) Cr- (0-10) Co- (0-13) Mo- (0-9) W- (0-15) Al- (0-10) Ta- (0-5) Ti- (0-4) Nb- (0-1) Hf material in mass percent.
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| CN117444140B (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-03-26 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Secondary orientation controllable polycrystalline test plate wax mould and preparation method of wax mould |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104846441A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-08-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Cutting preparation method of nickel-based single-crystal alloy seed crystal for casting |
| CN113073379A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-07-06 | 贵阳航发精密铸造有限公司 | Seed crystal preparation process for engineering application of seed crystal method growth single crystal blade |
| CN113084088A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-09 | 贵阳航发精密铸造有限公司 | Casting method of duplex single crystal guide blade for precisely controlling crystal orientation in service direction |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104846441A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-08-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Cutting preparation method of nickel-based single-crystal alloy seed crystal for casting |
| CN113073379A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-07-06 | 贵阳航发精密铸造有限公司 | Seed crystal preparation process for engineering application of seed crystal method growth single crystal blade |
| CN113084088A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-09 | 贵阳航发精密铸造有限公司 | Casting method of duplex single crystal guide blade for precisely controlling crystal orientation in service direction |
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