CN114362524B - Low-frequency arbitrary-state pulse load power supply power matching method - Google Patents
Low-frequency arbitrary-state pulse load power supply power matching method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power matching method for a low-frequency arbitrary-state pulse load power supply, which specifically comprises the following steps: for suppressing the forward pulse power P pr And reverse pulse power P pc For the disturbance of an input source, a bidirectional converter is connected in parallel at two ends of the input source; in a bidirectional converter, a decoupling capacitor C s One end connected switch S 1 The source electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the power input source; decoupling capacitor C s The other end is connected with a switch S 2 Drain electrode, switch S 2 Source electrode connecting switch S 1 The drain electrode is connected with the positive electrode of the power input source through the inductor; to switch S 1 And switch S 2 The grid electrode of the capacitor is correspondingly controlled to finish the decoupling capacitor C s By means of a decoupling capacitor voltage v Cs Is realized to provide part of the pulse power P pr2 And absorb reverse pulse power P pc (ii) a The control process comprises slow start, fault diagnosis and state monitoring. The invention greatly improves the energy utilization rate of the input source and simultaneously improves the power density of the whole device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of low-frequency multi-state pulse load power matching, and particularly relates to a power matching method for a low-frequency arbitrary-state pulse load power supply.
Background
In a traditional solution for a low-frequency multi-state pulse load, a capacitor C with a large capacitance value is connected in parallel to a bus, so that the volume of a power supply is increased. Although the load reverse power is absorbed by the negative current absorption module, the principle is that the load reverse power is converted into heat energy through a resistor and dissipated in the air, and in order to completely absorb the load reverse current and consider the factors of the input source voltage rise and the like, the current i of the negative current absorption module is often increased ob Will be greater than the load current i in the reverse direction p I.e. when the input source is also outputtingPart of the current is output. The circuit shown in fig. 1 is a conventional solution for low frequency multi-state pulse loads, where the low frequency load frequency range is 1-10Hz; the pulse load can be switched randomly in 3 working states of positive pulse power, negative pulse power and constant power, and the duty ratio and the period of the pulse load in different working states are random; the input source may be a constant voltage source such as a battery and a pre-converter.
In the circuit shown in FIG. 1, when the switch K is on 1 Closed, switch K 2 Open, indicating a positive pulse power to the load, all of which is provided by the input source; switch K 2 Closed, switch K 1 Open indicating negative power to the load, switch K 2 Open, switch K 1 Open indicates an unloaded condition.
When the load is positive impact power, a positive peak current which is 5-10 times of the constant current can be generated, and the stability of an input source is influenced; because the transient response speed of the preceding stage constant voltage converter is slow or the battery discharges in a pulse mode, the voltage drop of the input source is overlarge; when the load is negative pulse power, the load can generate reverse peak current which is 3-7 times of constant current, and the reverse instantaneous large current flowing into the input source can force the input voltage to be raised like the working condition of positive pulse power; when the voltage rises or drops excessively, a constant voltage source protection mechanism can be triggered; when the input source is a battery, the service life of the battery can be reduced by inputting and outputting reverse or forward instantaneous large current;
in order to stabilize the influence of the low-frequency multi-state pulse load on a preceding-stage input source and avoid the condition that the bus voltage exceeds the voltage range of the load due to the fact that the voltage of the input source is raised or the voltage drop is overlarge; generally, a capacitor C with a large capacitance value is connected in parallel with a bus, and a switch K is utilized 3 Series resistance R 2 Form of the negative current absorption module, absorbs the reverse power of the load side. FIG. 2 shows the output current i of the input source under different operating conditions under ideal conditions b Load current i p And a negative current sink module current i ob The waveform of (a); in designing a negative current sinking module, in order to fully sink the reverse current of the load, the rising of the input source voltage is consideredEqual factor, often negative current sink module current i ob Will be greater than the load current i in the reverse direction p I.e. when the input source also outputs a partial current.
In summary, it can be obviously found that, in the conventional solution, the parallel connection of a capacitor C with a large capacitance value on a bus affects the volume of a power supply, the reverse power of a load cannot be effectively utilized, and the reverse power is converted into heat energy only through a resistor and dissipated in the air; secondly, when the load power of the input source is reversed, the input source also outputs power, so that the energy consumption of the input source is increased; moreover, the resistor is used for converting the reverse power of the load into heat energy to be dissipated in the air, and a high-power resistor is required to be connected in parallel, and a radiating fin with larger volume and weight is additionally arranged, so that the power density of the whole device is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a power matching method for a low-frequency arbitrary-state pulse load power supply.
The invention discloses a power matching method of a low-frequency arbitrary-state pulse load power supply, which aims to restrain forward pulse power P pr And reverse pulse power P pc For the disturbance of an input source, connecting a bidirectional Buck/Boost converter in parallel at two ends of the input source; decoupling capacitor C in bidirectional Buck/Boost converter s One end connected switch S 1 The source electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the power input source; decoupling capacitor C s The other end is connected with a switch S 2 Drain electrode, switch S 2 Source electrode connecting switch S 1 The drain electrode is connected with the positive electrode of the power input source through the inductor; control switch K of power input source anode series digital controller s1 And a resistance R s Digital controller control switch K s1 Source and switch K s1 And a resistance R s And (4) connecting in parallel.
To switch S 1 And switch S 2 The grid electrode of the capacitor is correspondingly controlled to finish the decoupling capacitor C s By means of a decoupling capacitor voltage v Cs Is realized to provide part of the pulse power P pr2 And absorb reverse pulse power P pc (ii) a The control process comprises slow start, fault diagnosis and state monitoring, and specifically comprises the following steps:
when the system starts to work, the digital controller controls the switch K s1 Switch S 2 Conducting and inputting source current to decoupling capacitor C s Charging is carried out by sampling the capacitor voltage v Cs Monitoring the state of the capacitor; when the capacitor voltage v Cs >0.9V b Time, control switch K s1 Off, S 2 Conducting and entering mode 2 until the capacitor voltage reaches the preset voltage V Csm3 Then the slow start is finished; system sampling input source voltage V b Inputting a source current i b Inductor current i L Load current i p Completing fault diagnosis; when each current sampling value exceeds the preset protection value, a fault capture module in the digital controller acts to control a switch K s1 、S 1 、S 2 Turning off; then according to i p And (3) monitoring the load state by the system according to the value, and controlling the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter to enter a mode 0 or a mode 1.
In mode 0, the capacitance C is decoupled s The released energy provides current I through a bidirectional Buck/Boost converter Lm And the input source current i b Together providing the power required by the load, the capacitor voltage v Cs Descending; in mode 1, the input source terminal current reference is set to 0, and the capacitor C is decoupled s Absorbing reverse current through a bidirectional Buck/Boost converter; in the mode 2, the inductive current i in the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter is controlled L Is charged to a voltage loop output v, the current reference is set to Gv And a predetermined value of the inductance current I Lc And (4) summing.
Further, in mode 0, the reference of the input source is set to 0 to I according to the actual performance of the input source pr 。
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter is used for absorbing load reverse power, storing energy in the decoupling capacitor and outputting the load reverse power stored in the capacitor temporarily at the positive pulse power of the load, so that the energy utilization rate of an input source is greatly improved; meanwhile, the phenomenon that the input source outputs power when the load outputs power reversely in the traditional solution is avoided, and the energy consumption of the input source is reduced; in addition, the negative current absorption module is replaced, namely a mode of dissipating reverse power by using a resistor is not adopted, the number of radiating fins and power resistors is greatly reduced, and the power density of the whole device is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a conventional solution for low frequency multi-state pulse loading.
FIG. 2 shows the input source current i under different load conditions in a conventional solution b Load current i p And a negative current sink module current i ob The waveform of (2).
Fig. 3 shows a bidirectional Buck/Boost converter access scheme of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the main operating waveforms for different load conditions of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the main working waveforms of the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter of the present invention when used in a positive and negative pulse load.
Fig. 6 is a control schematic of the bidirectional converter of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the system control of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
The bidirectional DC/DC converter has the characteristic of bidirectional energy transfer, is often used as a power decoupling device of an input and output end power imbalance system, and is applied to a pulse power system to inhibit the impact of pulse power on a preceding stage power supply system. To suppress the forward pulse power P pr And reverse pulse power P pc For the disturbance of the input source, it is proposed to connect the bidirectional Buck/Boost converters in parallel at both ends of the input source, as shown in fig. 3. According to the load condition, the switch S is controlled 1 ，S 2 Corresponding control is carried out to complete the decoupling capacitance C s By means of a decoupling capacitor voltage v Cs Is realized to provide part of the pulse power P pr2 And absorb reverse power P pc (ii) a The capacitance value and the volume of the bus capacitor are reduced, the mode of absorbing reverse power by a parallel resistor is replaced, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the whole deviceThe power density of the device.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the main operating waveforms for different load conditions, where the constant power is 0; wherein i p For loading instantaneous current, P pr ，P pc Respectively pulse power and reverse pulse power. Under the condition of normal work of the load, the pulse power P pr Less than reverse power P pc The simultaneous two powers will be on the voltage v across the input source b Cause a disturbance, forming a pressure drop DeltaV b 。
FIG. 5 shows the main operating waveforms of a bidirectional Buck/Boost converter for positive and negative pulsed loads, i L Is an inductive current in a bidirectional Buck/Boost converter, wherein I Lm Maximum current, I, supplied to a bidirectional Buck/Boost converter Ln Absorbing reverse current for the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter, and making I to prevent the reverse current from entering the input source and affecting the operation of the equipment Ln ＝I pc ，I Lc The input current is used for charging the capacitor for the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter; i.e. i b For inputting source current, v Cs To decouple the capacitor voltage. When the load is operating in a pulsed power state, i.e. T in FIG. 5 1 Meanwhile, the capacitor C of the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter s To provide a part of the pulse current i Lm Voltage v of capacitor Cs Descending; when the load is operating in the reverse power state, i.e. T in FIG. 5 2 Meanwhile, the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter utilizes reverse current I pc To the capacitor C s Charging is carried out, the capacitor voltage v Cs Rising; when the load stops working, i.e. T in FIG. 5 31 And T 32 In which at T 31 During the period, after the input source charges the capacitor to the preset voltage through the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter, the capacitor is charged at T 32 And meanwhile, the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter stops working. During the working period of the load, the voltage v at the two ends of the input source b The fluctuation is suppressed and the voltage is stable. Therefore, the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter can realize the decoupling of the power of the load side and the power of the input source side through the charging and discharging of the capacitor, and the input source only needs to provide average power.
The control schematic diagram of the system of the invention is shown in fig. 6, and aims at three different loadsCharacteristic, different methods are proposed for controlling the capacitor voltage, aiming at reducing the output quantity v of the voltage control loop Gv The effect on the current control loop. At T 1 And T 2 In the period, the capacitor voltage control is removed, and the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter only realizes the purpose of providing pulse current redundancy and absorbing reverse current through a current loop; at T 31 During the period, the voltage control of the capacitor is increased to ensure that the capacitor has enough energy at the beginning of the load period to provide the power difference required by the triggering of the pulse current.
When the load needs pulse current, the load is switched to the mode 0 according to the information fed back by monitoring the load state, the capacitor releases energy and provides current I through the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter Lm The power required by the load is provided by the input source, and the capacitor voltage v Cs Descending; when a load carries reverse current, monitoring feedback information according to the load state, switching to a mode 1, setting the current reference of an input source end to be 0 in order to prevent the reverse current from entering an input source, and enabling a capacitor to absorb the reverse current through a bidirectional Buck/Boost converter as much as possible; when the load current is zero, switching to a mode 2, charging the capacitor by controlling the magnitude of the inductive current in the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter, and setting the current reference as the voltage loop output v Gv And the sum of the preset inductance current value.
Fig. 7 shows a system control flow chart, which is composed of slow start, fault diagnosis and status monitoring, respectively. When the system starts to work, the digital controller controls the switch K s1 Switch S 2 Conducting, inputting source current to charge the capacitor, and sampling capacitor voltage v Cs The capacitance state is monitored. When the capacitor voltage v Cs >0.9V b Time, control switch K s1 Off, S 2 Conducting and entering mode 2 until the capacitor voltage reaches the preset voltage V Csm3 And ending the slow start.
System sampling input source voltage V b Inputting a source current i b Inductor current i L Load current i p And completing fault diagnosis. When each current sampling value exceeds a preset protection value, a fault capturing module in the digital controllerAction, control switch K s1 、S 1 、S 2 And (6) turning off. Then according to i p And (3) monitoring the load state by the system according to the value, and controlling the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter to enter a corresponding working mode. Wherein, in the mode 0, the reference standard of the input source can be set to be 0 to I according to the actual performance of the input source pr And thus determines the current that the input source provides to the load.
Claims (2)
1. A power matching method for low-frequency arbitrary-state pulse load power supply is characterized in that forward pulse power P is suppressed pr And reverse pulse power P pc For the disturbance of an input source, connecting a bidirectional Buck/Boost converter in parallel at two ends of the input source; in the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter, a decoupling capacitor C s One end connected switch S 1 The source electrode is connected with the cathode of the power input source; decoupling capacitor C s The other end is connected with a switch S 2 Drain electrode, switch S 2 Source electrode connecting switch S 1 The drain electrode is connected with the positive electrode of the power input source through the inductor; control switch K of power input source anode series digital controller s1 And a resistance R s Digital controller control switch K s2 And then with switch K s1 And a resistance R s Parallel connection;
to switch S 1 And switch S 2 The grid electrode of the capacitor is correspondingly controlled to finish the decoupling capacitor C s By means of a decoupling capacitor voltage v Cs Is realized to provide part of the pulse power P pr2 And absorb reverse pulse power P pc (ii) a The control process comprises slow start, fault diagnosis and state monitoring, and specifically comprises the following steps:
when the system starts to work, the digital controller controls the switch K s1 Switch S 2 Conducting and inputting source current to decoupling capacitor C s Charging is carried out by sampling the capacitor voltage v Cs Monitoring the state of the capacitor; when the capacitor voltage v Cs >0.9V b Time, control switch K s1 Off, S 2 Conducting and entering mode 2 until the capacitor voltage reaches the preset voltage V Csm3 Then the slow start is finished; system sampling inputInput source voltage V b Inputting a source current i b Inductor current i L Load current i p Completing fault diagnosis; when each current sampling value exceeds the preset protection value, a fault capture module in the digital controller acts to control a switch K s1 、S 1 、S 2 Turning off; then, according to i p The system monitors the load state and controls the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter to enter a mode 0 or a mode 1 according to the value;
in the mode 0, the capacitor C is decoupled s The released energy provides current I through a bidirectional Buck/Boost converter Lm And the input source current i b Together providing the power required by the load, the capacitor voltage v Cs Descending; in mode 1, the input source end current reference is set to 0, and the capacitor C is decoupled s Absorbing reverse current through a bidirectional Buck/Boost converter; in the mode 2, the inductive current i in the bidirectional Buck/Boost converter is controlled L Is charged to a voltage loop output v, the current reference is set to Gv And a predetermined value of the inductance current
And (4) summing.
2. The power matching method for low-frequency arbitrary-state pulse load power supply according to claim 1, wherein in the mode 0, the reference standard of the input source is set to be 0-I according to the actual performance of the input source pr 。
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