CN114357571B - Inversion method and system for wind field characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer under built building environment - Google Patents
Inversion method and system for wind field characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer under built building environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method and a system for inverting the characteristics of an atmospheric boundary layer wind field under a built building environment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the actually measured roughness index alpha of the upstream of the built building according to the actually measured wind field of the laser radar A The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to the standard analysis of the field characteristics, setting the initial value of the field roughness index as alpha B Based on alpha B Determining an inlet boundary condition in the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and performing numerical simulation to obtain an actual measurement positionRoughness index alpha C The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to alpha A And alpha C Adjusting alpha by a difference of B Iterative calculation of the values of (c) up to alpha A And alpha C The difference value between the two is smaller than the precision control index, and the field roughness index alpha is finally obtained B And the corresponding wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the built building position obtained by inversion. The method combines Doppler laser wind-finding radar field actual measurement and computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation, and can accurately obtain the actual natural wind field characteristics of the built high-rise building, thereby providing scientific basis for the fine evaluation of wind resistance of the high-rise building.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the fields of meteorological science and building technology science, in particular to a method and a system for inverting the characteristics of an atmospheric boundary layer wind field under a built-up building environment.
Background
The atmospheric boundary layer refers to the near-earth atmosphere affected by ground friction, is a main field of people engaged in production and life, and the wind load of a building on the ground is directly affected by the air flow in the atmospheric boundary layer. Within the atmospheric boundary layer, the average wind speed increases with increasing altitude, to the maximum at the top of the atmospheric boundary layer, and the curve describing this variation is called the average wind speed profile. The characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer wind field comprise an average wind speed profile and a turbulence intensity profile, such as the average wind speed profile is an important basis and premise for carrying out wind resistance design of the super high-rise building, so that the characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer wind field where the high-rise building is positioned are accurately described, and the method has important scientific significance and engineering value.
The method for obtaining the characteristics of the wind field of the atmospheric boundary layer comprises the means of field actual measurement, numerical simulation and the like. The most reliable method is field actual measurement, and the Doppler laser wind-finding radar has the advantages of high space-time resolution, high precision, portability, movable observation, adaptability to complex terrains and the like, can meet the high-precision and refined actual measurement requirements of the three-dimensional wind field of the atmosphere within the kilometer height range of the atmosphere boundary layer, and has been used by a plurality of scholars to develop the research of the characteristics of the wind field of the atmosphere boundary layer. In addition, with the continuous breakthrough of computer technology and theoretical research, more and more researchers develop the characteristics of the air field of the atmospheric boundary layer and the research on the effect of the characteristics on the building structure based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation means, and the refined numerical simulation of the air field of the atmospheric boundary layer is one of the research hot spots of the computational wind engineering.
The average wind speed profile and the turbulence intensity profile of an atmospheric boundary layer are described by an exponential law in China (building Structure load Specification) (GB 50009-2012), and are shown in the formula (1) and the formula (2):
wherein:
z-height above ground, unit m;
u z -average horizontal wind speed at ground level z, in m/s;
u 10 -average horizontal wind speed at 10m from ground, unit m/s;
I z -turbulence intensity at ground level z;
I 10 -turbulence intensity at a height of 10m from ground;
alpha is the roughness index of the ground, the value of the roughness index is related to the roughness class of the ground, the load standard of China divides the roughness of the ground into four classes of A, B, C and D, and the indexes corresponding to the roughness classes of the ground are 0.12,0.15,0.22,0.30 respectively.
With the development of cities and the transition of landforms, the real roughness of the ground in the urban landform environment with dense high-rise buildings deviates from a standard theoretical wind field model, so that wind load and wind induced response result estimation is inconsistent with reality.
In a built-up area of an urban center, high-rise buildings are dense, and on one hand, boundary layer wind field measurement cannot be carried out by adopting a conventional wind measuring tower; on the other hand, even if the boundary layer wind field actual measurement can be carried out on the surrounding area of the built super high-rise building, the building itself will affect the boundary layer wind field characteristics of the nearby area because the built building occupies space, so the wind field characteristics of the surrounding of the building obtained through actual measurement cannot accurately reflect the boundary layer wind field characteristics at the building position, and the real wind load and effect of the building cannot be accurately estimated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the application provides an inversion method and an inversion system for the characteristics of an atmospheric boundary layer wind field in a built building environment, and the inversion method inverts the characteristics of a real wind field of the atmospheric boundary layer in the built building environment by combining Doppler laser wind-finding radar field actual measurement and computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation, theoretically reduces errors caused by the influence of the built building on the characteristics of the wind field of the boundary layer, is more accurate than the characteristics of the wind field near the building directly obtained by the laser wind-finding radar or directly adopts a standard theoretical wind field model to approximately represent the characteristics of the boundary layer wind field at the studied building position, and can provide scientific basis for the refined evaluation of wind load and wind induced vibration of a high-rise building.
The first object of the application is to provide a method for inverting the characteristics of an atmospheric boundary layer wind field in a built building environment.
A second object of the present application is to provide an inversion system for the characteristics of an atmospheric boundary layer wind field in a built-up building environment.
The first object of the present application can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method of inverting characteristics of an atmospheric boundary layer wind field in a built-up building environment, the method comprising:
obtaining the actually measured roughness index alpha of the upstream of the wind direction of the built building according to the actually measured wind field of the laser radar A ；
According to the standard analysis of the field characteristics, setting the initial value of the field roughness index as alpha B ；
Based on the field roughness index alpha B Determining an inlet boundary condition in the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and performing numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actual measurement position;
according to the wind profile, obtaining a roughness index alpha at the actually measured position through numerical fitting C ；
According to the measured roughness index alpha A And the roughness index alpha C Adjusting the alpha B Iterative calculation of the values of (c) up to said alpha A And said alpha C The difference value between the two is smaller than the precision control index, and the field roughness index alpha is finally obtained B And the corresponding wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the researched building position obtained by inversion.
Further, the step of measuring the roughness index alpha according to the actual measurement A And the roughness index alpha C Adjusting the alpha B Iterative calculation of the values of (c) up to said alpha A And said alpha C The difference value between the two is smaller than the precision control index, and the field roughness index alpha is finally obtained B The wind profile corresponding to the wind field characteristics is the wind field characteristics of the built-up building position which is obtained by inversion and is researched, and the wind field characteristics specifically comprise:
if |alpha A -α C | > β, then:
α B ＝α B +γ(α A -α C )；
based on the adjusted site roughness index alpha B Determining an inlet boundary condition in the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and performing numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actual measurement position;
according to the wind profile, obtaining a roughness index alpha at the actually measured position through numerical fitting C ；
Return of if alpha A -α C The I is more than beta, and the subsequent operation is continuously executed;
wherein, beta is an accuracy control index, and gamma is an iteration step length coefficient;
otherwise:
outputting the site roughness index alpha B And its corresponding wind profile.
Further, the wind profile includes an average wind speed and turbulence profile;
the field roughness index alpha B Determining an inlet boundary condition in the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and performing numerical simulation,obtaining a wind profile at the measured location, comprising:
based on the exponential law model, the following formula is adopted to define and calculate the inlet boundary conditions in the hydrodynamic numerical wind tunnel model:
wherein:
u-horizontal average wind speed in m/s;
k-turbulent energy, unit m 2 /s 2 ；
Omega-turbulence frequency in 1/s;
epsilon-turbulent energy dissipation ratio, unit m 3 /s 2 ；
z-height above ground, unit m;
z r -reference height, unit m;
u r -reference the horizontal average wind speed at altitude in m/s;
l s -non-dimensional model scaling ratio, l s ＝l f /l m ；
α i -a floor roughness index;
C μ -turbulence model parameters, 0.04;
D 1 、D 2 -a constant;
setting the roughness index of the field as alpha B And carrying out numerical simulation according to the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model to obtain an average wind speed and turbulence profile at the actual measurement position.
Further, the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model specifically includes:
the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model includes, but is not limited to, the following key parts: the system comprises a target building, a peripheral building from an actual measurement position to a target building range, a reasonable calculation domain and grid division, a proper turbulence model and a numerical wind tunnel inlet boundary condition mathematical model for simulating an equilibrium state atmosphere boundary layer.
Further, the perimeter building includes a perimeter wind barrier, wherein the perimeter wind barrier includes a perimeter high-rise building.
Further, the reasonable calculation domain, specifically the maximum blocking ratio of the building model along the wind direction is less than or equal to 5%, and the building is free to at least 5 times of the building characteristic height along the wind direction, and the building is free to 10 times of the building characteristic height.
Further, the suitable turbulence model specifically satisfies the following conditions: the calculation accuracy is high, and the flow field of the blunt body building model can be simulated more accurately; the calculated amount is small, and the calculation efficiency is high.
Furthermore, the mathematical model of the numerical wind tunnel inlet boundary condition of the simulated equilibrium state atmosphere boundary layer should meet the condition that the velocity profile of turbulent wind in an air flow field without any building and the downwind gradient of the turbulent characteristic profile are zero, namely, the velocity profile and the downwind gradient of the turbulent characteristic profile are unchanged in the air flow field.
Further, the actual measurement roughness index alpha of the upstream of the wind of the built building is obtained according to the actual measurement wind field of the laser radar A The method specifically comprises the following steps:
based on Doppler laser wind-finding radar field actual measurement, obtaining average wind speed and turbulence profile of an upstream open place of a built-up building of a target;
fitting the average wind speed and turbulence profile according to a normative exponential law model to obtain an actual measurement roughness index alpha of the upstream of the built building wind A 。
The second object of the application can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
an inversion system for establishing atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in a building environment, the system comprising:
the wind field actual measurement module is used for obtaining an actual measurement roughness index alpha of the upstream of the wind direction of the built building according to the actual measurement wind field of the laser radar A ；
The site roughness index setting module is used for setting the initial value of the site roughness index as alpha according to the standard analysis site characteristics B ；
The numerical simulation module is used for being based on the field roughness index alpha B Determining an inlet boundary condition in the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and performing numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actual measurement position; according to the wind profile, obtaining a roughness index alpha at the actually measured position through numerical fitting C ；
A wind field characteristic module for obtaining a roughness index alpha according to the actual measurement A And the roughness index alpha C Adjusting the alpha B Iterative calculation of the values of (c) up to said alpha A And said alpha C The difference value of the (a) is smaller than the precision control index, and the field roughness index alpha is finally obtained B And the corresponding wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the researched building position obtained by inversion.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the application, based on the wind field characteristic result of the Doppler laser wind-finding radar field actual measurement, iterative approximation is carried out by combining a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation method on the basis, so that the real wind field characteristic of the atmospheric boundary layer at the position of the built high-rise building can be accurately obtained, errors caused by the influence of the built building on the boundary layer wind field characteristic are theoretically reduced, and the method is more accurate than the wind field characteristic near the building directly obtained through the laser wind-finding radar or the boundary layer wind field characteristic at the position of the researched building is approximately represented by directly adopting a standard theoretical wind field model, and can provide scientific basis for the refined wind-resistance evaluation of the high-rise building.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an inversion method of the characteristics of an atmospheric boundary layer wind field in a built-up building environment according to embodiment 1 of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the on-site measurement of the doppler-based lidar according to embodiment 1 of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a computational fluid dynamics wind tunnel model according to example 1 of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of calculation using a computational fluid dynamics wind tunnel model according to embodiment 1 of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a laser radar field measured wind speed profile according to embodiment 2 of the present application.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a computational fluid dynamics wind tunnel model according to example 2 of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a computational fluid dynamics wind tunnel model (local) according to embodiment 2 of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-time value calculation result of embodiment 2 of the present application.
FIG. 9 is a frame diagram of an inversion system for atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in an as-built architectural environment according to example 3 of the present application.
In fig. 2 to 4, wherein:
1-target building, 2-surrounding building, 3-laser radar, 4-wind direction, 5-measured wind profile, 6-inlet, 7-outlet, 8-measured position, 9-inflow, 10-inflow wind profile, 11-wind profile at measured position obtained by numerical simulation.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application. It should be understood that the detailed description is intended to illustrate the application, and is not intended to limit the application.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for inverting the characteristics of an atmospheric boundary layer wind field in a built building environment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Obtaining the actually measured roughness index alpha of the upstream of the wind direction of the built building according to the actually measured wind field of the laser radar A 。
As shown in fig. 2, based on the field actual measurement of the doppler lidar, the average wind speed and turbulence profile of the open place upstream of the target building (the place is required to meet the requirement that the laser lidar emits laser beams at a certain pitch angle with the ground and is not shielded by the building) is obtained, and the average wind speed and turbulence profile is fitted according to the normative exponential law model to obtain the corresponding roughness index alpha A 。
(2) And establishing a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model.
As shown in fig. 3, a flow field around CFD numerical wind tunnel model is established from the measured position to the target building range. The numerical wind tunnel model should include, but is not limited to, the following key components: (2-1) a target building; (2-2) peripheral buildings and other wind shielding obstacles, particularly peripheral high-rise buildings, from the actual measured position to the target building range; (2-3) reasonable calculation domain and grid division, wherein the calculation domain is sized to ensure that the maximum blocking ratio of the building model along the wind direction is not more than 5%, and the building is free along the wind direction by at least 5 times of building characteristic height and 10 times of building characteristic height at the downstream; (2-4) a suitable turbulence model, which satisfies two conditions: the calculation accuracy is high, and the flow field of the blunt body building model can be simulated more accurately; the calculated amount is small, and the calculation efficiency is high; (2-5) simulating a numerical wind tunnel inlet boundary condition mathematical model of an equilibrium atmospheric boundary layer to satisfy that a velocity profile of turbulent wind in an air flow field not including any building, a downwind gradient of a turbulent characteristic profile is zero, that is, no change occurs in the air flow field.
The building characteristic height refers to the maximum building height in the simulation area; when there are more tall buildings, the average height of the tall buildings may be taken.
(3) According to the standard analysis of the field characteristics, setting the initial value of the field roughness index as alpha B The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Based on alpha B Determining an inlet boundary condition in a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model, performing numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile representing an actual measurement position in a computational domain, and then obtaining a roughness index alpha by fitting the wind profile numerically C 。
According to building structure load specification, analyzing the site characteristics around a target building, and setting an initial value alpha of a site roughness index B Taking indexes of four types of standard landforms of 0.12,0.15,0.22 and 0.30. Based on an exponential law model, a new mathematical simulation model (such as formula (3)) for simulating boundary conditions of an equilibrium boundary layer is adopted to define inlet boundary conditions, wherein the formula (3) is a group of more advanced inflow boundary conditions, is based on an SST k-omega model with average Reynolds number, is pushed out according to an exponential law wind profile model, can meet the accurate simulation of an equilibrium atmospheric boundary layer wind field, and better reproduces a speed field of a blunt body building structure. As shown in fig. 4, the wind profile in the calculation domain representing the measured position is obtained by numerical simulation, and the wind profile includes the average wind speed and the turbulence profile. Then according to the average wind speed and turbulence profile, obtaining the roughness index alpha by numerical fitting C 。
Wherein:
u-horizontal average wind speed in m/s;
k-turbulence energyUnit m 2 /s 2 ；
Omega-turbulence frequency in 1/s;
epsilon-turbulent energy dissipation ratio, unit m 3 /s 2 ；
z-height above ground, unit m;
z r -reference height, unit m;
u r -reference the horizontal average wind speed at altitude in m/s;
l s -non-dimensional model scaling ratio, l s ＝l f /l m ；
α i -a floor roughness index; alpha in this embodiment i Is the roughness index alpha of the field B ；
C μ -turbulence model parameters, 0.04;
D 1 、D 2 constant, reference to the literature.
(4) According to the measured roughness index alpha A And roughness index alpha C Adjusting alpha by a difference of B Iterative calculation of the values of (c) up to alpha A And said alpha C The value of (2) is smaller than the precision control index, and the field roughness index alpha is finally obtained B And the wind profile corresponding to the wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the researched building obtained by inversion.
Comparison of alpha A And alpha C Is the difference of (a): if |alpha A -α C If beta is not smaller than or equal to beta, the two are considered to have difference according to the formula alpha B ＝α B +γ(α A -α C ) Adjusting a given roughness index alpha at the inlet B Taking value (i.e. regulating average wind speed and turbulence profile at inlet), making numerical wind tunnel simulation and iterating so as to obtain a certain alpha B When the condition |alpha A -α C If the beta is smaller than or equal to the beta, the actually measured wind profile of the laser radar is considered to be identical with the wind profile of the representative actually measured position obtained by numerical simulation, and iteration is stopped; conversely, if |α A -α C If beta is not more than beta is directly established, the error between the two is considered to be reasonableWithin the range, there is no difference, and the iterative process is directly terminated. Wherein, beta is an accuracy control index, which can be 0.05, but is not limited thereto; gamma is an iteration step factor, which may be, but is not limited to, 0.5.
Outputting the final site roughness index alpha B And the corresponding average wind speed and turbulence profile is the real boundary layer wind field characteristic of the researched target building obtained by inversion.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in a method implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct related hardware, and the corresponding program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
It should be noted that although the method operations of the above embodiments are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this does not require or imply that the operations must be performed in that particular order or that all illustrated operations be performed in order to achieve desirable results. Rather, the depicted steps may change the order of execution. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step to perform, and/or one step decomposed into multiple steps to perform.
Example 2:
the present embodiment is described in further detail with reference to an average wind speed profile.
Step 1: assume that the target building is a super high-rise building about 300m in height, at the urban center. The boundary layer wind field data at a 200m open position upstream from the wind direction of the target high-rise building is obtained through the field actual measurement of the Doppler laser wind-finding radar, and then the roughness index alpha is obtained through screening the big wind data and carrying out exponential law fitting A =0.59 (exceeding class D relief roughness index 0.30 defined in the specification), as shown in fig. 5.
Step 2: building a flow field CFD numerical wind tunnel model from an actual measurement position to a target building range, wherein the scale ratio of the model is 1:200, the calculated domain corresponds to an actual size of 4500m×1500m×1800m, and the blockage rate is 1.45%, as shown in fig. 6 and 7.
Step 3: analysis of target building sites according to specificationsSetting initial value alpha of field roughness index according to field characteristics B =0.30. Based on a new class of mathematical models simulating boundary conditions of an equilibrium atmospheric boundary layer, see equation (3) in example 1, numerical wind tunnel inlet boundary conditions are defined. The average wind speed profile at the actual measurement position in the calculation domain is obtained through numerical simulation, and then the corresponding roughness index alpha is obtained through numerical fitting C ＝0.37。
Step 4: let β=0.05, γ=0.5. Will be alpha A And alpha is C Comparing to obtain |alpha A -α C |= |0.59-0.37|=0.22 > 0.05, thus the condition |α A -α C Beta is not true, and alpha is obtained according to a formula B ＝α B +γ(α A -α C ) =0.30+0.5 (0.59-0.37) =0.41, the roughness index value given at the inlet is adjusted, the second calculation is performed, and so on. When the third time value calculation is completed, alpha is obtained C =0.54, at which time |α A -α C The condition |α is satisfied by |= |0.59-0.54|=0.05+.0.05 A -α C And (5) stopping iteration, wherein the beta is smaller than or equal to. Roughness index alpha calculated by three times of value C And the corresponding wind speed profile is shown in figure 8.
Step 5: taking the third number of times to calculate the set inflow wind speed profile (i.e. alpha B The corresponding wind speed profile at =0.47), i.e., the true boundary layer wind field characteristics at the built-up building of the target under study obtained by inversion.
In this embodiment, the roughness index determined based on the canonical theoretical wind field model is 0.30, which is smaller than the roughness index at 200m upstream of the target building obtained by laser wind-finding radar field actual measurement, and the roughness index determined by the canonical theoretical wind field model is conservative by introducing the background technology (that is, along with the development of cities and the transition of landforms, the real roughness of the ground deviates from the canonical theoretical wind field model in the urban landform environment where the high-rise building is dense). And because the target built-up building and peripheral high-rise building occupy space, the wind field characteristics of the target building at 200m upstream can not directly reflect the boundary layer wind field characteristics of the target building, so the roughness index is corrected from 0.59 to 0.47 through CFD numerical simulation calculation, the influence of the built-up building on wind field characteristic measurement is reduced (the built-up building plays a role in wind shielding and can amplify a real roughness value), and finally the obtained roughness index of 0.47 and a corresponding wind profile can represent the real boundary layer wind field characteristics of the target building.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 9, the present embodiment provides an inversion system for establishing characteristics of an atmospheric boundary layer wind field in a building environment, the system includes a wind field actual measurement module 901, a field roughness index setting module 902, a numerical simulation module 903, and a wind field characteristic obtaining module 904, wherein:
the wind field actual measurement module 901 is configured to obtain an actual measurement roughness index α of the wind upstream of the built building according to the laser radar actual measurement wind field A ；
A field roughness index setting module 902 for setting the initial value of the field roughness index to be alpha according to the standard analysis of the field characteristics B ；
A numerical simulation module 903 for generating a field roughness index α B Determining an inlet boundary condition in the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and performing numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actual measurement position; according to the wind profile, obtaining a roughness index alpha at the actual measurement position through numerical simulation calculation C ；
A wind field characteristic module 904 for obtaining a roughness index alpha according to the actual measurement A And the roughness index alpha C Adjusting the alpha B Iterative calculation of the values of (c) up to said alpha A And said alpha C The difference value between the two is smaller than the precision control index, and the field roughness index alpha is finally obtained B And the corresponding wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the researched building position obtained by inversion.
Specific implementation of each module in this embodiment may be referred to embodiment 1 above, and will not be described in detail herein; it should be noted that, in the system provided in this embodiment, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example, in practical application, the above functional allocation may be performed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure is divided into different functional modules to perform all or part of the functions described above.
In summary, the application innovatively provides an inversion method of the atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics under the built-up building environment, the method is based on the wind field characteristic results of Doppler laser wind-finding radar field actual measurement, and is combined with a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation method to perform iterative approximation on the basis, so that the actual wind field characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer under the built-up building environment which are difficult to obtain in the previous research are inverted, the actual natural wind field characteristics of the built-up high-rise building can be accurately obtained, errors caused by the influence of the built-up building on the boundary layer wind field characteristics are reduced theoretically, and compared with the wind field characteristics near the building which are directly obtained through the laser wind-finding radar or the boundary layer wind field characteristics at the position of the researched building are approximately represented by adopting a standard theoretical wind field model, the scientific basis can be provided for the refined wind-resistant evaluation of the high-rise building.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present application within the scope of the present application disclosed in the present application patent, and all those skilled in the art belong to the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. An inversion method of characteristics of an atmospheric boundary layer wind field in a built-up building environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining the actually measured roughness index alpha of the upstream of the wind direction of the built building according to the actually measured wind field of the laser radar A ；
According to the standard analysis of the field characteristics, setting the initial value of the field roughness index as alpha B ；
Based on the field roughness index alpha B Determining an inlet boundary condition in the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and performing numerical simulation to obtain an actual measurement positionWind profile;
according to the wind profile, obtaining a roughness index alpha at the actually measured position through numerical fitting C ；
According to the measured roughness index alpha A And the roughness index alpha C Adjusting the alpha B Iterative calculation of the values of (c) up to said alpha A And said alpha C The difference value between the two is smaller than the precision control index, and the field roughness index alpha is finally obtained B The wind profile corresponding to the wind field characteristics is the wind field characteristics of the built-up building position which is obtained by inversion and is researched, and the wind field characteristics specifically comprise:
if |alpha A -α C | > β, then:
α B ＝α B +γ(α A -α C )；
based on the adjusted site roughness index alpha B Determining an inlet boundary condition in the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and performing numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actual measurement position;
according to the wind profile, obtaining a roughness index alpha at the actually measured position through numerical fitting C ；
Return of if alpha A -α C The I is more than beta, and the subsequent operation is continuously executed;
wherein, beta is an accuracy control index, and gamma is an iteration step length coefficient;
otherwise:
outputting the site roughness index alpha B And its corresponding wind profile.
2. The inversion method of claim 1, wherein the wind profile comprises an average wind speed and turbulence profile;
the field roughness index alpha B Determining an inlet boundary condition in a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and performing numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actual measurement position, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
based on the exponential law model, the following formula is adopted to define and calculate the inlet boundary conditions in the hydrodynamic numerical wind tunnel model:
wherein:
u-horizontal average wind speed in m/s;
k-turbulent energy, unit m 2 /s 2 ；
Omega-turbulence frequency in 1/s;
epsilon-turbulent energy dissipation ratio, unit m 3 /s 2 ；
z-height above ground, unit m;
z r -reference height, unit m;
u r -reference the horizontal average wind speed at altitude in m/s;
l s -non-dimensional model scaling ratio, l s ＝l f /l m ；
α i -a floor roughness index;
C μ -turbulence model parameters, 0.04;
D 1 、D 2 -a constant;
setting the roughness index of the field as alpha B And carrying out numerical simulation according to the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model to obtain an average wind speed and turbulence profile at the actual measurement position.
3. Inversion method according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the computational fluid dynamics wind tunnel model comprises in particular:
the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model includes, but is not limited to, the following key parts: the system comprises a target building, a peripheral building from an actual measurement position to a target building range, a reasonable calculation domain and grid division, a proper turbulence model and a numerical wind tunnel inlet boundary condition mathematical model for simulating an equilibrium state atmosphere boundary layer.
4. The inversion method of claim 3 wherein the perimeter building comprises a perimeter wind barrier, wherein the perimeter wind barrier comprises a perimeter high-rise building.
5. An inversion method according to claim 3, characterized in that the reasonable calculation field, in particular the maximum blockage ratio of the building model in the wind direction, is less than or equal to 5% and the building is free in the wind direction by at least 5 times the building feature height and the building is free in the wind direction by 10 times the building feature height.
6. An inversion method according to claim 3, characterized in that the suitable turbulence model, in particular, fulfils the following conditions: the calculation accuracy is high, and the flow field of the blunt body building model can be simulated more accurately; the calculated amount is small, and the calculation efficiency is high.
7. A method of inversion according to claim 3 wherein the mathematical model of the numerical wind tunnel inlet boundary conditions simulating an equilibrium atmospheric boundary layer is such that the velocity profile of turbulent wind in an air flow region not containing any building, the downwind gradient of the turbulent characteristic profile is zero, i.e. no change occurs in the air flow region.
8. The inversion method according to claim 1, wherein the excitation is based onActually measuring a wind field by using a light radar to obtain an actually measured roughness index alpha of the wind upstream of a built building A The method specifically comprises the following steps:
based on Doppler laser wind-finding radar field actual measurement, obtaining average wind speed and turbulence profile of an upstream open place of a built-up building of a target;
fitting the average wind speed and turbulence profile according to a normative exponential law model to obtain an actual measurement roughness index alpha of the upstream of the built building wind A 。
9. An inversion system for establishing characteristics of an atmospheric boundary layer wind field in a building environment, the system comprising:
the wind field actual measurement module is used for obtaining an actual measurement roughness index alpha of the upstream of the wind direction of the built building according to the actual measurement wind field of the laser radar A ；
The site roughness index setting module is used for setting the initial value of the site roughness index as alpha according to the standard analysis site characteristics B ；
The numerical simulation module is used for being based on the field roughness index alpha B Determining an inlet boundary condition in the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and performing numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actual measurement position; according to the wind profile, obtaining a roughness index alpha at the actually measured position through numerical fitting C ；
A wind field characteristic module for obtaining a roughness index alpha according to the actual measurement A And the roughness index alpha C Adjusting the alpha B Iterative calculation of the values of (c) up to said alpha A And said alpha C The difference value between the two is smaller than the precision control index, and the field roughness index alpha is finally obtained B The wind profile corresponding to the wind field characteristics is the wind field characteristics of the built-up building position which is obtained by inversion and is researched, and the wind field characteristics specifically comprise:
if |alpha A -α C | > β, then:
α B ＝α B +γ(α A -α C )；
based on the adjusted site roughness index alpha B Determining an inlet boundary condition in the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and performing numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actual measurement position;
according to the wind profile, obtaining a roughness index alpha at the actually measured position through numerical fitting C ；
Return of if alpha A -α C The I is more than beta, and the subsequent operation is continuously executed;
wherein, beta is an accuracy control index, and gamma is an iteration step length coefficient;
otherwise:
outputting the site roughness index alpha B And its corresponding wind profile.
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