CN114357571A - Inversion method and system for atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in constructed building environment - Google Patents
Inversion method and system for atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in constructed building environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an inversion method and system for atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics under a built building environment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining an actually measured roughness index alpha of the upstream of the built building according to the actually measured wind field of the laser radarA(ii) a Analyzing the site characteristics according to the specification, and setting the initial value of the roughness index of the site as alphaBBased on αBDetermining the inlet boundary condition in the wind tunnel model for calculating the fluid dynamics numerical value and carrying out numerical simulation to obtain the roughness index alpha at the actual measurement positionC(ii) a According to alphaAAnd alphaCDifference, adjustment ofWhole alphaBUntil alpha is calculated iterativelyAAnd alphaCThe difference value between the two is less than the precision control index, and the finally obtained field roughness index alphaBAnd the corresponding wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the built-up building position obtained by inversion. The method combines the field actual measurement of the Doppler laser wind measuring radar and the computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation, and can accurately obtain the actual natural wind field characteristics of the built high-rise building, thereby providing scientific basis for the fine evaluation of the wind resistance of the high-rise building.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of meteorological science and building technical science, in particular to an inversion method and an inversion system for atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in a built building environment.
Background
The atmospheric boundary layer refers to the near-earth atmospheric layer affected by ground friction resistance, is the main field of people in production and life, and the wind load of the buildings on the ground is directly affected by the air flow in the atmospheric boundary layer. Within the atmospheric boundary layer, the average wind speed increases with increasing height to a maximum at the top of the atmospheric boundary layer, and the curve describing this change is called the average wind speed profile. The characteristics of the wind field of the atmospheric boundary layer comprise an average wind speed profile and a turbulence intensity profile, for example, the average wind speed profile is an important basis and premise for designing the wind resistance of the super high-rise building, so that the characteristics of the wind field of the atmospheric boundary layer where the super high-rise building is located are accurately described, and the method has important scientific significance and engineering value.
The method for acquiring the wind field characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer comprises the means of field actual measurement, numerical simulation and the like. The most reliable method is field actual measurement, and the Doppler laser wind measuring radar has the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution, high precision, portable and movable observation, adaptability to complex terrains and the like, so that the requirements of high-precision and fine actual measurement of an atmospheric three-dimensional wind field in a kilometer height range of an atmospheric boundary layer can be met, and a plurality of students can research the characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer wind field by means of the Doppler laser wind measuring radar. In addition, with the continuous breakthrough of computer technology and theoretical research, more and more researchers develop the characteristics of the wind field of the atmospheric boundary layer and the research on the effect of the wind field on the building structure based on a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation means, and the refined numerical simulation of the wind field of the atmospheric boundary layer is one of the research hotspots of the computational wind engineering.
The building structure load specification (GB 50009-2012) in China adopts an index law to describe an average wind speed profile and a turbulence intensity profile of an atmospheric boundary layer, and the average wind speed profile and the turbulence intensity profile are shown as a formula (1) and a formula (2):
wherein:
z-height from ground in m;
uz-average horizontal wind speed at ground clearance z in m/s;
u10-average horizontal wind speed in m/s at a height of 10m from the ground;
Iz-turbulence intensity at a height z from the ground;
I10-turbulence intensity at a height of 10m from the ground;
alpha-ground roughness index, the numerical value of which is related to the type of ground roughness, the load standard of China divides the ground roughness into four types A, B, C and D, and the indexes corresponding to various types of ground roughness are respectively 0.12, 0.15, 0.22 and 0.30.
With the development of cities and the change of landforms, the real roughness of the ground in the urban landform environment with dense high-rise buildings deviates from a standard theoretical wind field model, so that the estimation of wind load and wind-induced response results is inconsistent with the reality.
In the urban center building area, high-rise buildings are dense, and on one hand, the conventional anemometer tower cannot be adopted to measure the boundary layer wind field; on the other hand, even though the boundary layer wind field actual measurement can be carried out on the surrounding area of the constructed super high-rise building, the boundary layer wind field characteristics of the adjacent area can be influenced by the building due to the fact that the constructed building occupies space, so that the boundary layer wind field characteristics at the position of the building cannot be accurately reflected through the wind field characteristics of the surrounding of the building obtained through actual measurement, and the real wind load and effect of the building cannot be accurately evaluated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an inversion method and an inversion system for the wind field characteristics of an atmospheric boundary layer under a built building environment, the method inverts the real wind field characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer under the built building environment by combining the field actual measurement of a Doppler laser wind measuring radar and the computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation, theoretically reduces errors caused by the influence of the built building on the wind field characteristics of the boundary layer, is more accurate than the method for directly acquiring the wind field characteristics near the building through the laser wind measuring radar or directly adopting a standard theoretical wind field model to approximately represent the boundary layer wind field characteristics at the researched building position, and can provide scientific basis for the fine evaluation of the wind load and the wind-induced vibration of the high-rise building.
The invention aims to provide an inversion method for atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in a built building environment.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide an inversion system for building the wind field characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer in the building environment.
The first purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
an inversion method of atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in a built building environment, the method comprising:
according to the actual measurement wind field of the laser radar, the actual measurement roughness index alpha of the wind direction upstream of the built building is obtainedA；
Analyzing the site characteristics according to the specification, and setting the initial value of the roughness index of the site as alphaB；
Based on field roughness index alphaBDetermining an inlet boundary condition in a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and carrying out numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actually measured position;
obtaining the roughness index alpha of the actually measured position through numerical value fitting according to the wind profileC；
According to the actually measured roughness index alphaAAnd the roughness index alphaCAdjusting said αBUntil said value of alpha is calculated iterativelyAAnd said alphaCThe difference value between the two is less than the precision control index, and the finally obtained field roughness index alphaBAnd the corresponding wind profile is the researched section obtained by inversionThe wind field characteristic of the position of the built building is researched.
Further, the measured roughness index alpha is used as the basisAAnd the roughness index alphaCAdjusting said αBUntil said value of alpha is calculated iterativelyAAnd said alphaCThe difference value between the two is less than the precision control index, and the finally obtained field roughness index alphaBAnd the corresponding wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the researched built building position obtained by inversion, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
if αA-αCIf | is greater than β, then:
αB＝αB+γ(αA-αC)；
based on adjusted field roughness index alphaBDetermining an inlet boundary condition in a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and carrying out numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actually measured position;
obtaining the roughness index alpha of the actually measured position through numerical value fitting according to the wind profileC；
Return if alphaA-αCIf is greater than beta, and continuing to execute subsequent operation;
wherein beta is a precision control index, and gamma is an iteration step length coefficient;
otherwise:
roughness index alpha of output fieldBAnd its corresponding wind profile.
Further, the wind profile comprises a mean wind speed and a turbulence profile;
the field-based roughness index alphaBDetermining an inlet boundary condition in a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and carrying out numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actually measured position, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
based on the exponential law model, the following formula is adopted to define and calculate the inlet boundary condition in the hydrodynamic numerical wind tunnel model:
wherein:
u-horizontal mean wind speed, unit m/s;
k-kinetic energy of turbulence, unit m2/s2；
Omega-turbulence frequency, unit 1/s;
epsilon-dissipation ratio of turbulent kinetic energy, unit m3/s2；
z-height from ground in m;
zr-reference height, in m;
ur-horizontal average wind speed at the reference altitude, in m/s;
ls-dimensionless model scale ratio,/s＝lf/lm；
αi-a ground roughness index;
Cμ-taking the turbulence model parameter 0.04;
D1、D2-a constant;
setting the field roughness index as alphaBAnd carrying out numerical simulation according to the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model to obtain an average wind speed and turbulence profile at the actually measured position.
Further, the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model specifically includes:
the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model comprises but is not limited to the following key parts: the method comprises the following steps of target building, peripheral buildings ranging from actual measurement positions to the target buildings, reasonable calculation domain and grid division, a proper turbulence model and a numerical wind tunnel inlet boundary condition mathematical model for simulating an equilibrium state atmospheric boundary layer.
Further, the peripheral building comprises a peripheral wind-shielding obstacle, wherein the peripheral wind-shielding obstacle comprises a peripheral high-rise building.
Further, the reasonable calculation domain is that the maximum blockage ratio of the building model along the wind direction is less than or equal to 5%, and the maximum blockage ratio along the wind direction is at least 5 times of the building characteristic height from the building, and the maximum blockage ratio along the wind direction is 10 times of the building characteristic height from the building.
Further, the suitable turbulence model specifically satisfies the following conditions: the calculation precision is high, and the winding flow field of the blunt body building model can be simulated more accurately; the calculation amount is small, and the calculation efficiency is high.
Furthermore, the mathematical model for simulating the boundary condition of the inlet of the numerical wind tunnel of the equilibrium atmospheric boundary layer should satisfy the condition that the speed profile and the downwind gradient of the turbulent characteristic profile of turbulent wind in the airspace without any building are zero, that is, no change occurs in the airspace.
Further, according to the actual measurement wind field of the laser radar, the actual measurement roughness index alpha of the wind direction upstream of the built building is obtainedAThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring an average wind speed and turbulence profile of an open place at the upstream of a target built building based on the field actual measurement of a Doppler laser wind measuring radar;
fitting the average wind speed and turbulence profile according to a standard exponential law model to obtain an actually measured roughness index alpha of the wind direction upstream of the built buildingA。
The second purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
an inversion system for establishing atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in a building environment, the system comprising:
a wind field actual measurement module for obtaining actual measurement roughness of the wind direction upstream of the built building according to the wind field actually measured by the laser radarIndex alphaA；
A field roughness index setting module for analyzing the field characteristics according to the standard and setting the initial value of the field roughness index as alphaB；
A numerical simulation module for simulating the field roughness index alphaBDetermining an inlet boundary condition in a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and carrying out numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actually measured position; obtaining the roughness index alpha of the actually measured position through numerical value fitting according to the wind profileC；
A module for obtaining wind field characteristics, which is used for obtaining the actual roughness index alpha according to the actual roughness indexAAnd the roughness index alphaCAdjusting said αBUntil said value of alpha is calculated iterativelyAAnd said alphaCThe difference value of the field roughness index alpha is smaller than the precision control index, and the finally obtained field roughness index alphaBAnd the corresponding wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the position of the researched built building obtained by inversion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method is based on the wind field characteristic result of the Doppler laser wind measuring radar in field actual measurement, and is combined with a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation method to carry out iterative approximation on the basis, so that the real wind field characteristic of an atmospheric boundary layer at the position where the high-rise building is built can be accurately obtained, the error caused by the influence of the built building on the wind field characteristic of the boundary layer is theoretically reduced, the wind field characteristic of the boundary layer at the position of the researched building is more accurately represented than the wind field characteristic of the position near the building directly obtained by the laser wind measuring radar or a normative theoretical wind field model is directly adopted to approximately represent the wind field characteristic of the boundary layer at the position of the researched building, and scientific basis can be provided for the refined wind resistance evaluation of the high-rise building.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an inversion method of atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in a built-up building environment according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of field actual measurement based on a doppler laser wind-finding radar in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the calculation using the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a laser radar field measured wind speed profile in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model (partial) of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating the results of cubic numerical calculations in example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a frame diagram of an inversion system of atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in a built-up building environment according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Among them, in fig. 2 to 4:
1-target building, 2-peripheral building, 3-laser radar, 4-wind direction, 5-actual measurement wind profile, 6-inlet, 7-outlet, 8-actual measurement position, 9-inflow, 10-inflow wind profile, and 11-wind profile at actual measurement position obtained by numerical simulation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more complete, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the description of the specific embodiments is intended to be illustrative only and is not intended to be limiting.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an inversion method of atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in a built-up building environment, including the following steps:
(1) according to the actual measurement wind field of the laser radar, the actual measurement roughness index alpha of the wind direction upstream of the built building is obtainedA。
As shown in figure 2, based on the field actual measurement of the Doppler laser wind-measuring radar, the average wind speed and turbulence level profile of the target building upstream open place (the place needs to meet the requirement that the laser beam emitted by the laser wind-measuring radar at a certain pitch angle with the ground is not sheltered by the building) is obtained, and the average wind speed and turbulence level profile is fitted according to a standard exponential model to obtain the corresponding roughness index alphaA。
(2) And establishing a wind tunnel model for calculating the fluid dynamics value.
As shown in fig. 3, a wind tunnel model of the winding flow field CFD value from the measured position to the target building range is established. The numerical wind tunnel model should include, but is not limited to, the following key components: (2-1) a target building; (2-2) measuring peripheral buildings and other wind-shielding barriers in the range from the position to the target building by actual measurement, particularly peripheral high-rise buildings; (2-3) reasonably calculating domains and grid division, wherein the size of the calculated domains is required to ensure that the maximum blocking ratio of the building model along the wind direction is not more than 5%, and the maximum blocking ratio is at least 5 times of the building characteristic height away from the building along the wind direction, and 10 times of the building characteristic height along the downstream; (2-4) a suitable turbulence model, which satisfies two conditions: the calculation precision is high, and the winding flow field of the blunt body building model can be simulated more accurately; the calculation amount is small, and the calculation efficiency is high; (2-5) simulating a numerical wind tunnel inlet boundary condition mathematical model of an equilibrium state atmospheric boundary layer to meet the condition that the speed profile and the downwind gradient of the turbulent characteristic profile of turbulent wind in an airspace without any building are zero, namely no change occurs in the airspace.
The building characteristic height refers to the maximum height of a building in a simulation area; when there are more tall buildings, the average height of the tall buildings can be taken.
(3) Analyzing the site characteristics according to the specification, and setting the initial value of the roughness index of the site as alphaB(ii) a Based on alphaBDetermining an inlet boundary condition in a wind tunnel model for calculating a fluid dynamics numerical value, performing numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile representing an actually measured position in a calculation domain, and then fitting the wind profile through numerical values to obtain a roughness index alphaC。
Analyzing the site characteristics around the target building according to the building structure load standard, and setting the initial value alpha of the site roughness indexBAnd taking indexes of four types of standard landforms, namely 0.12, 0.15, 0.22 and 0.30. Based on an exponential law model, a new boundary condition mathematical simulation model (such as formula (3)) for simulating a boundary layer of an equilibrium state is adopted to define an inlet boundary condition, wherein the formula (3) is a group of more advanced inflow boundary conditions, is based on a Reynolds average SST k-omega model and is inverted according to an exponential law wind profile model, and can meet the accurate simulation of a wind field of an atmospheric boundary layer of the equilibrium state and better reproduce a speed field of a blunt body building structure. As shown in fig. 4, a wind profile including an average wind speed and a turbulence profile representing the measured position in the calculated domain is obtained by numerical simulation. Then obtaining the roughness index alpha of the wind turbine through numerical fitting according to the average wind speed and the turbulence profileC。
Wherein:
u-horizontal mean wind speed, unit m/s;
k-kinetic energy of turbulence, unit m2/s2；
Omega-turbulence frequency, unit 1/s;
epsilon-dissipation ratio of turbulent kinetic energy, unit m3/s2；
z-height from ground in m;
zr-reference height, in m;
ur-horizontal average wind speed at the reference altitude, in m/s;
ls-dimensionless model scale ratio,/s＝lf/lm；
αi-a ground roughness index; in this example αiIs the field roughness index alphaB；
Cμ-taking the turbulence model parameter 0.04;
D1、D2-constants, reference values of the relevant literature.
(4) According to the measured roughness index alphaAAnd roughness index alphaCBy adjusting aBUntil alpha is calculated iterativelyAAnd said alphaCThe value of (a) is less than the precision control index, and the finally obtained field roughness index alphaBAnd the corresponding wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the researched built building obtained by inversion.
Comparison of alphaAAnd alphaCThe difference of (a): if | αA-αCIf the beta is not more than the |, the difference is considered to exist between the two, and the alpha is calculated according to the formulaB＝αB+γ(αA-αC) Adjusting a given roughness index alpha at the inletBValue taking (i.e. adjusting the average wind speed and turbulence profile at the inlet), and repeated iteration of numerical wind tunnel simulation is carried out, so that when a certain alpha is takenBWhen, condition | αA-αCIf the | is less than or equal to beta, considering that the actually measured wind profile of the laser radar is matched with the wind profile at the representative actually measured position obtained by numerical simulation at the moment, and terminating iteration; on the contrary, if | αA-αCIf the beta is less than or equal to the absolute value, the error between the two is considered to be in a reasonable range, no difference exists, and the iteration process is directly terminated. Wherein, beta is an accuracy control index, and can be 0.05, but is not limited to the above; γ is an iteration step coefficient, which may be 0.5, but is not limited thereto.
Outputting the final field roughness index alphaBAnd the corresponding average wind speed and turbulence profile, namely the position of the researched target building obtained by inversionThe real boundary layer wind field characteristic.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct associated hardware, and the corresponding program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
It should be noted that although the method operations of the above-described embodiments are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in this particular order, or that all of the illustrated operations must be performed, to achieve desirable results. Rather, the depicted steps may change the order of execution. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step execution, and/or one step broken down into multiple step executions.
Example 2:
this embodiment will further describe the present invention in detail by taking the average wind speed profile as an example.
Step 1: the target building is assumed to be a super high-rise building with a height of about 300m, and is located in the center of a city. Obtaining boundary layer wind field data at an open position 200m away from the wind direction upstream of a target high-rise building through field actual measurement of a Doppler laser wind measuring radar, screening out strong wind data in the boundary layer wind field data, and performing exponential law fitting to obtain roughness index alphaA0.59 (class D topographic roughness index 0.30 over the specification) as shown in fig. 5.
Step 2: a wind tunnel model of a flow field CFD value in a range from an actual measurement position to a target building is established, and a scale ratio of the model is 1: 200, the actual size of the calculation field is 4500m × 1500m × 1800m, and the blocking rate is 1.45%, as shown in fig. 6 and 7.
And step 3: according to the standard, analyzing the site characteristics of the target building, and setting the initial value alpha of the site roughness indexB0.30. The numerical wind tunnel inlet boundary condition is defined based on a new mathematical model for simulating the boundary condition of the atmospheric boundary layer in an equilibrium state, see formula (3) in example 1. Obtaining an average wind speed profile of an actual measurement position in a calculation domain through numerical simulation, and further obtaining a corresponding rough wind speed profile through numerical fittingRoughness index alphaC＝0.37。
And 4, step 4: take β ═ 0.05 and γ ═ 0.5. Will be alphaAAnd alphaCComparing to obtain | alphaA-αC0.22 > 0.05, |0.59-0.37|, and thus the condition | αA-αCBeta is not more than | and alpha is taken according to the formulaB＝αB+γ(αA-αC) And (3) adjusting the roughness index value given at the inlet to 0.30+0.5(0.59-0.37), performing second numerical calculation, and the like. When the third numerical calculation is completed, alpha is obtainedC0.54, when | αA-αCThe condition | α is satisfied when |0.59-0.54| 0.05 ≦ 0.05A-αCAnd if the | is less than or equal to the beta, terminating the iteration. Roughness index alpha obtained by three times of numerical calculationCAnd the corresponding wind speed profile is shown in figure 8.
And 5: the third numerical calculation set inflow wind speed profile (i.e. alpha)BThe wind speed profile corresponding to 0.47), namely the real boundary layer wind field characteristic of the target built-up building obtained by inversion.
In this embodiment, the roughness index determined based on the normative theoretical wind field model is 0.30, which is smaller than 0.59 roughness index at 200m upstream of the target building obtained by field actual measurement of the laser wind-measuring radar, and it can be found by introduction of the background technology (i.e. the real roughness of the ground under the urban geomorphic environment with dense high-rise buildings deviates from the normative theoretical wind field model along with the development of the city and the change of the geomorphology), where the roughness index determined by the normative theoretical wind field model is more conservative. And because the target built-in building and surrounding high-rise buildings occupy space, the wind field characteristic at 200m upstream of the target building obtained by actual measurement of the laser radar cannot directly reflect the boundary layer wind field characteristic at the target building, so the roughness index is corrected to 0.47 from 0.59 through CFD numerical simulation calculation, the influence of the built-in building on the wind field characteristic measurement is reduced (the built-in building plays a role of wind shielding and can amplify the real roughness value), and the finally obtained roughness index 0.47 and the corresponding wind profile can represent the real boundary layer wind field characteristic at the target building.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 9, the present embodiment provides an inversion system for building atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in a building environment, where the system includes a wind field actual measurement module 901, a field roughness index setting module 902, a numerical simulation module 903, and a wind field characteristic obtaining module 904, where:
a wind field actual measurement module 901, configured to obtain an actual measurement roughness index α of the wind direction upstream of the built building according to the laser radar actual measurement wind fieldA；
A field roughness index setting module 902, configured to analyze the field characteristics according to the specification, and set an initial value of the field roughness index as αB；
A numerical simulation module 903 for simulating a field roughness index αBDetermining an inlet boundary condition in a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and carrying out numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actually measured position; according to the wind profile, obtaining the roughness index alpha at the actually measured position through numerical simulation calculationC；
An obtain wind farm characteristics module 904 for obtaining the measured roughness index αAAnd the roughness index alphaCAdjusting said αBUntil said value of alpha is calculated iterativelyAAnd said alphaCThe difference value between the two is less than the precision control index, and the finally obtained field roughness index alphaBAnd the corresponding wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the position of the researched built building obtained by inversion.
The specific implementation of each module in this embodiment may refer to embodiment 1, which is not described herein any more; it should be noted that the system provided in this embodiment is only illustrated by the division of the functional modules, and in practical applications, the functions may be distributed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
In conclusion, the invention innovatively provides an inversion method of atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics under the environment of a built building, the method is based on the wind field characteristic result of the Doppler laser wind measuring radar on-site actual measurement, and is combined with a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation method to carry out iterative approximation on the basis of the wind field characteristic result to invert the real wind field characteristic of the atmospheric boundary layer under the built-up building environment which is difficult to obtain in the past research, the actual natural wind field characteristic of the built-up high-rise building can be accurately obtained, the error caused by the influence of the built-up building on the wind field characteristic of the boundary layer is reduced theoretically, the wind field characteristic of the boundary layer at the researched building position is more accurate than the wind field characteristic of the building nearby directly obtained through the laser wind measuring radar or the boundary layer wind field characteristic of the building position approximately represented by directly adopting a standard theoretical wind field model, and scientific basis can be provided for the fine wind resistance evaluation of the high-rise building.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An inversion method for atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics under a built building environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the actual measurement wind field of the laser radar, the actual measurement roughness index alpha of the wind direction upstream of the built building is obtainedA；
Analyzing the site characteristics according to the specification, and setting the initial value of the roughness index of the site as alphaB；
Based on field roughness index alphaBDetermining an inlet boundary condition in a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and carrying out numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actually measured position;
obtaining the roughness index alpha of the actually measured position through numerical value fitting according to the wind profileC；
According to the actually measured roughness index alphaAAnd the roughness index alphaCAdjusting said αBUntil said value of alpha is calculated iterativelyAAnd said alphaCThe difference value between the two is less than the precision control index, and the finally obtained field roughness index alphaBAnd the corresponding wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the position of the researched built building obtained by inversion.
2. The inversion method of claim 1, wherein the measured roughness index α is determined from the measured roughness indexAAnd the roughness index alphaCAdjusting said αBUntil said value of alpha is calculated iterativelyAAnd said alphaCThe value of (a) is less than the precision control index, and the finally obtained field roughness index alphaBAnd the corresponding wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the researched built building position obtained by inversion, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
if αA-αCIf | is greater than β, then:
αB＝αB+γ(αA-αC)；
based on adjusted field roughness index alphaBDetermining an inlet boundary condition in a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and carrying out numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actually measured position;
obtaining the roughness index alpha of the actually measured position through numerical value fitting according to the wind profileC；
Return if alphaA-αCIf is greater than beta, and continuing to execute subsequent operation;
wherein beta is a precision control index, and gamma is an iteration step length coefficient;
otherwise:
roughness index alpha of output fieldBAnd its corresponding wind profile.
3. The inversion method of claim 1, wherein the wind profile comprises a mean wind speed and a turbulence profile;
the field-based roughness index alphaBDetermining the inlet boundary condition in the wind tunnel model for calculating the fluid dynamics value and carrying out numerical simulation to obtain the measured positionThe wind profile of (A) specifically includes:
based on the exponential law model, the following formula is adopted to define and calculate the inlet boundary condition in the hydrodynamic numerical wind tunnel model:
wherein:
u-horizontal mean wind speed, unit m/s;
k-kinetic energy of turbulence, unit m2/s2；
Omega-turbulence frequency, unit 1/s;
epsilon-dissipation ratio of turbulent kinetic energy, unit m3/s2；
z-height from ground in m;
zr-reference height, in m;
ur-horizontal average wind speed at the reference altitude, in m/s;
ls-dimensionless model scale ratio,/s＝lf/lm；
αi-a ground roughness index;
Cμ-taking the turbulence model parameter 0.04;
D1、D2-a constant;
set the place roughDegree index of alphaBAnd carrying out numerical simulation according to the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model to obtain an average wind speed and turbulence profile at the actually measured position.
4. The inversion method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model specifically comprises:
the computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model comprises but is not limited to the following key parts: the method comprises the following steps of target building, peripheral buildings ranging from actual measurement positions to the target buildings, reasonable calculation domain and grid division, a proper turbulence model and a numerical wind tunnel inlet boundary condition mathematical model for simulating an equilibrium state atmospheric boundary layer.
5. The inversion method of claim 4, wherein the surrounding buildings comprise surrounding wind-blocking obstacles, wherein the surrounding wind-blocking obstacles comprise surrounding high-rise buildings.
6. Inversion method according to claim 4, characterized in that the reasonable calculation domain, in particular the maximum blockage ratio of the building model in the wind direction, is less than or equal to 5%, and is at least 5 building feature heights from the building in the wind direction and 10 building feature heights from the building downstream.
7. The inversion method according to claim 4, characterized in that the suitable turbulence model satisfies the following conditions: the calculation precision is high, and the winding flow field of the blunt body building model can be simulated more accurately; the calculation amount is small, and the calculation efficiency is high.
8. The inversion method of claim 4, wherein the mathematical model of the boundary condition of the inlet of the numerical wind tunnel simulating the boundary layer of the atmosphere in the equilibrium state is such that the velocity profile and the downwind gradient of the characteristic profile of the turbulent wind are zero in the airspace without any building, that is, no change occurs in the airspace.
9. The inversion method of claim 1, wherein the measured roughness index α upstream of the wind direction of the built-up building is obtained from a laser radar measured wind fieldAThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring an average wind speed and turbulence profile of an open place at the upstream of a target built building based on the field actual measurement of a Doppler laser wind measuring radar;
fitting the average wind speed and turbulence profile according to a standard exponential law model to obtain an actually measured roughness index alpha of the wind direction upstream of the built buildingA。
10. An inversion system for establishing atmospheric boundary layer wind field characteristics in a building environment, the system comprising:
a wind field actual measurement module for obtaining an actual measurement roughness index alpha of the wind direction upstream of the built building according to the wind field actually measured by the laser radarA；
A field roughness index setting module for analyzing the field characteristics according to the standard and setting the initial value of the field roughness index as alphaB；
A numerical simulation module for simulating the field roughness index alphaBDetermining an inlet boundary condition in a computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel model and carrying out numerical simulation to obtain a wind profile at an actually measured position; obtaining the roughness index alpha of the actually measured position through numerical value fitting according to the wind profileC；
A module for obtaining wind field characteristics, which is used for obtaining the actual roughness index alpha according to the actual roughness indexAAnd the roughness index alphaCAdjusting said αBUntil said value of alpha is calculated iterativelyAAnd said alphaCThe difference value between the two is less than the precision control index, and the finally obtained field roughness index alphaBAnd the corresponding wind profile is the wind field characteristic of the position of the researched built building obtained by inversion.
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