CN114349353B - Double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature lead-free glass powder, in particular to double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder and a preparation method thereof. Mixing a main agent, a modifier, a glass forming agent, a modifier and a regulator in proportion, preheating, dehydrating, smelting by using a glass frit furnace, controlling a glass liquid column to carry out water quenching and soaking, carrying out ball milling after screening, carrying out solid-liquid separation, drying and screening to obtain the double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder. The glass powder prepared by the method has high stability and low production cost, can improve open-circuit voltage, reduce series resistance, improve photoelectric conversion efficiency, and improve the appearance and tensile force after sintering under the condition of ensuring efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature lead-free glass powder, in particular to double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, passivated emitter and back Cell (PERC) cells are still the mainstream of crystalline silicon photovoltaic solar cells, occupying more than 70% of the market share. Compared with the conventional single crystal cell, the PERC cell mainly adds two processes of back passivation and laser drilling, aluminum oxide and silicon nitride are deposited on a silicon wafer on the back of the cell, the back of the silicon wafer is passivated, and then laser grooving is carried out, so that a metal aluminum layer on the whole surface is printed to enable the metal aluminum layer to be in effective contact with the silicon wafer on the back of the cell, and therefore photo-generated current can be led out through an Al back field.
The back surface of the double-sided PERC solar cell (also called PERC + solar cell) adopts an aluminum grid line structure to replace the full aluminum back surface field structure of the conventional single-sided PERC solar cell, so that the front surface and the back surface of the double-sided PERC solar cell can receive light and generate electricity. Because the compatibility of the double-sided PERC technology and the existing PERC production line is higher, the double-sided PERC production line is suitable for large-scale mass production and is also a popular technology for reducing cost and improving efficiency in the later PERC era.
The double-sided PERC adopts the aluminum grid to replace an all-aluminum back field on the back surface, and the thickness of the passivation layer is thinner, compared with the conventional PERC back-aluminum glass powder, the double-sided PERC aluminum paste glass powder has the advantages of high activity, low softening temperature, large matching range of expansion coefficients, relatively weakened tensile force, still has different application requirements, but has improved requirements on resistance and erosive strength. Patent CN201710752279.2 discloses a glass powder for double-sided PERC aluminum paste, but the glass powder contains a large amount of lead, which is harmful to the environment, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the back surface of the prepared PERC battery is only 14.8% at most, which cannot meet the current market demand. Patent CN201710751395.2 discloses a glass powder for back electrode paste of a double-sided PERC solar cell and a preparation method thereof, wherein the glass powder also contains a large amount of lead which is harmful to the environment.
In addition, the existing production technology of the glass powder has the problems of poor product stability, large difference of characteristic temperature, color, particle size distribution and the like of the product, and poor consistency of each batch of the product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder which can improve open-circuit voltage, reduce series resistance and improve photoelectric conversion efficiency, and meanwhile, the glass powder prepared by the provided preparation method is high in stability and low in production cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding the main agent, the modifier, the glass forming agent, the modifier and the regulator, carrying out ultrasonic screening by using a 20-30-mesh sieve, drying for 4-7 h at 80-90 ℃, then mixing the dried materials in proportion, carrying out primary mixing for 1-2 h by using a V-shaped mixer, carrying out secondary screening by using a 25-35-mesh sieve, and carrying out secondary mixing for 0.5-1 h by using the V-shaped mixer to obtain a mixed material;
further, the main agent comprises vanadium pentoxide;
the modifier comprises barium oxide, and the barium oxide is derived from barium carbonate;
the glass forming agent comprises boron oxide or boric acid;
wherein the total mass of the main agent, the modifier and the glass forming agent accounts for 71-89%, and the mass ratio of the main agent to the modifier is 1:1.2 to 1.6;
preferably, the total mass of the main agent, the modifier and the glass forming agent accounts for 73-84%, and the mass ratio of the main agent to the modifier is 1: 1.2-1.4;
or preferably, the total mass of the main agent, the modifier and the glass forming agent accounts for 78-86%, and the mass ratio of the main agent to the modifier is 1: 1.3-1.6;
or preferably, the total mass of the main agent, the modifier and the glass forming agent accounts for 85%, and the mass ratio of the main agent to the modifier is 1: 1.59.
The preferable scheme of the total mass ratio of the three main agents, the modifier and the glass forming agent is a parallel technical scheme.
The modifier comprises one or more of metal oxides or carbonates of Zn, Al, Mg, Ca, Ti, Sr, In, Ce, Si, W and Sb; the modifier comprises one or more of metal oxides or carbonates of Na, K, Li.
The mass ratio of the main agent, the modifier, the glass forming agent, the modifier and the regulator is respectively 20-50%, 10-35%, 0-25% and 0-15%;
preferably, the mass ratio of the main agent, the modifier, the glass forming agent, the modifier and the regulator is 31-49%, 16-24%, 11-18% and 1-9% respectively;
or, preferably, the mass ratio of the main agent, the modifier, the glass forming agent, the modifier and the regulator is 21-29%, 26-34%, 18-22%, 16-25% and 0.2-3.8% respectively;
alternatively, the mass ratios of the main agent, the modifier, the glass former, the modifier and the regulator are preferably 22%, 35%, 28%, 13.5% and 1.5%, respectively.
The preferred scheme of the mass ratio of the three main agents, the modifier, the glass forming agent, the modifier and the regulator is a parallel technical scheme.
The vanadium-based glass powder generally has a high efficiency, however, V 2 O 5 Too high content can cause problems of aluminum beads, tension, color, and the like; BaO can reduce the softening temperature of the glass powder, improve the stability and promote the migration of Al into Si, but the high BaO content can cause the expansion coefficient to be increased and even inhibit the formation of glass; b 2 O 3 The whole glass melting temperature is reduced, the production is more beneficial to control, the softening temperature of the glass powder can be reduced, the sintering activity is increased, and meanwhile, the glass powder has small expansion coefficient and V is controlled 2 O 5 、BaO、B 2 O 3 The total mass of the three components is 71-89%, and V is controlled 2 O 5 The mass ratio of BaO to BaO is 1:1.2 to 1.6.
0-25% of modifier and 0-15% of regulator are added, so that the softening temperature, wettability and corrosion capacity of the V-Ba-B glass can be regulated again, the resistance is reduced, the open-circuit voltage and the filling factor are increased, and the efficiency is improved.
Step S1 is to carry out pretreatment such as screening and drying on the materials before mixing, so that the uniformity of the materials can be improved, the consistency of the materials in different production batches can be ensured, and the stability of the product can be improved.
S2, preheating the mixed material obtained in the step S1 at 150-220 ℃, dehydrating and hardening to obtain a pretreated material;
the mixed material is powdery, raise dust and production loss are easy to generate, the step is used for preheating the material, boron oxide or boric acid can shrink at the temperature and is bonded into blocks to drive other materials to be hardened, and the problem of segregation of the raise dust and the raise dust material during subsequent smelting and feeding is solved.
S3, putting the pretreated material obtained in the step S2 into a glass frit furnace, smelting at 1000-1500 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1.5 h to obtain glass liquid, and putting the glass liquid into deionized water for water quenching and soaking to obtain glass slag;
this step uses a glass frit furnace instead of a conventional muffle or lift furnace. The top of the glass frit is provided with a feed inlet, a stirring system and an infrared thermometer. The volume of a crucible used by the glass frit furnace is dozens of liters, the production capacity is higher, the production cost is lower, and the single-melting weight can reach 15-25 kg. Its crucible bottom is the circular cone structure, is equipped with the drain hole, plugs up the drain hole with the stopper rod when reinforced, extracts the stopper rod during the blowing and carries out the blowing, and the crucible is whole in the furnace body, and the hot boiling that presss from both sides out the crucible and fall the material than traditional muffle furnace or lift furnace gets the mode safer, and the manpower requirement is still less, and equipment life is longer. The arranged discharging port can control the size of a glass liquid column during discharging, so that the purposes of uniform and full water quenching of glass liquid are achieved; the stirring system is arranged to stir the molten glass in a molten state, so that the molten reaction is more uniform and sufficient; the arranged charging hole can observe the glass melting state at any time, and can accurately measure the temperature during glass melting under an external infrared thermometer. The use of a glass frit furnace allows for more uniform melting of the molten glass than conventional muffle or lift furnaces, increasing the consistency of the batch products.
And during water quenching, a deionized water circulating water cooling system and a water quenching barrel stirring system are used, the water quenching temperature is controlled to be 25-35 ℃, and after water quenching, the glass slag is continuously soaked for 0.5-1 h by using deionized water at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ to eliminate the stress of the glass slag because the thermal stress of the glass slag is not completely released.
S4, mechanically crushing the glass slag obtained in the step S3, screening by using a 50-55-mesh sieve, putting into a ball mill, and adding a ball milling medium for wet ball milling to obtain slurry;
further, the ball milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol and/or deionized water;
the solid content of the slurry of the ball milling medium and the glass slag is 50-70%;
the mass ratio of the ball milling beads to the glass slag used in the ball milling is 1: 3-1: 6;
and during ball milling, the filling amount of the glass slag and the ball milling medium in the ball mill is 60-80%.
And S5, screening the slurry obtained in the step S4 by using a 300-500-mesh sieve, then performing solid-liquid separation by using a centrifugal machine, baking the slurry at 70-95 ℃ for 3-5 h, heating the baked slurry to 110-120 ℃ for 3-5 h, drying the baked slurry, and performing ultrasonic screening by using a 100-120-mesh sieve to obtain the double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder.
The invention also provides double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-50% of a main agent, 20-50% of a modifier, 10-35% of a glass forming agent, 0-25% of a modifier and 0-15% of a regulator;
or preferably, 31-49% of a main agent, 31-49% of a modifier, 16-24% of a glass forming agent, 11-18% of a modifier and 1-9% of a regulator;
or preferably, 21-29% of main agent, 26-34% of modifier, 18-22% of glass forming agent, 16-25% of modifier and 0.2-3.8% of regulator;
or preferably, the main agent is 22%, the modifying agent is 35%, the glass forming agent is 28%, the modifying agent is 13.5% and the regulating agent is 1.5%.
Wherein the total mass of the main agent, the modifier and the glass forming agent accounts for 71-89%, and the mass ratio of the main agent to the modifier is 1: 1.2-1.6;
preferably, the total mass of the main agent, the modifier and the glass forming agent accounts for 73-84%, and the mass ratio of the main agent to the modifier is 1: 1.2-1.4;
or preferably, the total mass of the main agent, the modifier and the glass forming agent accounts for 78-86%, and the mass ratio of the main agent to the modifier is 1: 1.3-1.6;
or preferably, the total mass of the main agent, the modifier and the glass forming agent accounts for 85%, and the mass ratio of the main agent to the modifier is 1: 1.59.
The main agent comprises vanadium pentoxide; the modifier comprises barium oxide; the glass forming agent comprises boron oxide or boric acid; the modifier comprises one or more of metal oxides or carbonates of Zn, Al, Mg, Ca, Ti, Sr, In, Ce, Si, W and Sb; the modifier comprises one or more of metal oxides or carbonates of Na, K, Li.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a double-sided PERC battery prepared from the glass powder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the preparation method provided by the invention has high compatibility with a production line of a traditional process route, the increased equipment cost is far less than the excessive running and consumable cost of the traditional process route, the capacity is greatly improved, the production safety is greatly improved, the problem of unstable batch of the glass powder products produced in the prior art can be greatly improved, the characteristic temperature difference of the prepared glass powder is within 10 ℃, the batch color difference delta E is less than or equal to 1 (the grade which is difficult to distinguish by naked eyes), the particle size distribution is narrow, and the dispersibility is good;
(2) the glass powder provided by the invention can improve the open-circuit voltage, reduce the series resistance and improve the conversion efficiency.
Detailed Description
The terms as used herein:
"prepared from … …" is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or range defined by a list of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when the range "1 ~ 5" is disclosed, the ranges described should be construed to include the ranges "1 ~ 4", "1 ~ 3", "1 ~2 and 4~ 5", "1 ~3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
"and/or" is used to indicate that one or both of the illustrated conditions may occur, e.g., a and/or B includes (a and B) and (a or B).
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing V 2 O 5 、BaCO 3 、B 2 O 3 、Al 2 O 3 、ZnO、SiO 2 、SrCO 3 MgO, CaO and Na 2 CO 3 Grinding, ultrasonically screening with 20 mesh sieve, drying at 80 deg.C for 4 hr, and adding 27% V 2 O 5 33% of BaCO 3 22% of B 2 O 3 7% of Al 2 O 3 5% of ZnO, 2.5% of SiO 2 1% of SrCO 3 0.5% MgO, 0.5% CaO and 1.5% Na 2 CO 3 Accurately weighing, putting into a V-shaped mixer, mixing for 1h, screening with a 26-mesh sieve, scattering the agglomerated uneven powder dough, and putting into the V-shaped mixer again for mixing for 0.5h to obtain a mixed material;
s2, preheating the mixed material obtained in the step S1 at 150 ℃ for 1 hour, and dehydrating and hardening to obtain a pretreated material;
s3, putting the pretreated material obtained in the step S2 into a glass frit furnace, smelting at 1100 ℃, keeping the temperature for 0.5h to obtain glass liquid, controlling the glass liquid column to be about 6mm, putting the glass liquid into deionized water for water quenching, stirring at a low speed and keeping the temperature at 30 ℃, continuing to soak in the deionized water at 30 ℃ for 30min after the water quenching is finished, and obtaining glass slag;
s4, drying the glass slag obtained in the step S3 at 120 ℃, mechanically crushing, screening by using a 50-mesh sieve, putting into a ball mill, adding 1:1 of absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water as ball milling media for ball milling, wherein the solid content of the ball milling media and the glass slag slurry is 50%, the mass ratio of ball milling beads to the glass slag is 1:3, the filling amount of the glass slag and the ball milling media in the ball mill is 60%, carrying out medium-speed ball milling for 16h, and then carrying out high-speed ball milling for 15h to obtain the slurry;
s5, screening the slurry obtained in the step S4 through a 500-mesh sieve, performing solid-liquid separation through a centrifuge, drying at 85 ℃ for 4 hours, then heating to 120 ℃ for drying for 4 hours, and performing ultrasonic screening through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder.
Example 2
The same scheme as that of example 1 is adopted, 5 batches are continuously produced, and the prepared double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder is named as example 2-1, example 2-2, example 2-3, example 2-4 and example 2-5 respectively.
Example 3
A preparation method of double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing V 2 O 5 、BaCO 3 、B 2 O 3 、Al 2 O 3 、ZnO、TiO 2 、Sb 2 O 3 、WO 3 、Li(CO 3 ) 3 And K 2 CO 3 Grinding, ultrasonically screening with 26 mesh sieve, drying at 90 deg.C for 7 hr to obtain 29% V 2 O 5 36% of BaCO 3 18% of B 2 O 3 8.5% of Al 2 O 3 4 percent of ZnO and 0.5 percent of TiO 2 1% of Sb 2 O 3 1.5% of WO 3 0.5% Li (CO) 3 ) 3 And 1% of K 2 CO 3 Accurately weighing, putting into a V-shaped mixer, mixing for the first time for 2 hours, screening by using a 20-mesh sieve, scattering the agglomerated uneven powder dough, and putting into the V-shaped mixer again for mixing for the second time for 1 hour to obtain a mixed material;
s2, preheating the mixed material obtained in the step S1 at 220 ℃ for 1 hour, and dehydrating to obtain a pretreated material;
s3, putting the pretreated material obtained in the step S2 into a glass frit furnace, smelting at 1000 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 1h to obtain molten glass, controlling the molten glass column to be about 6mm, putting the molten glass into deionized water for water quenching, stirring at a low speed and a water quenching temperature of 25 ℃, continuing to soak in the deionized water at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 60min after the water quenching is finished, and obtaining glass slag;
s4, drying the glass slag obtained in the step S3 at 120 ℃, mechanically crushing, screening by using a 55-mesh sieve, putting into a ball mill, adding 1:1 of absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water as ball milling media, and carrying out ball milling, wherein the solid content of the ball milling media and the glass slag in the slurry is 60%, the mass ratio of ball milling beads to the glass slag is 1:4, the filling amount of the glass slag and the ball milling media in the ball mill is 80%, and carrying out high-speed ball milling for 15 hours after carrying out ball milling for 16 hours at a medium speed to obtain the slurry;
s5, screening the slurry obtained in the step S4 through a 300-mesh sieve, performing solid-liquid separation through a centrifuge, drying at 95 ℃ for 3 hours, then heating to 120 ℃ for drying for 5 hours, and performing ultrasonic screening through the 120-mesh sieve to obtain the double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder.
Example 4
A preparation method of double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing V 2 O 5 、BaCO 3 、B 2 O 3 、Al 2 O 3 、ZnO、SiO 2 、Sb 2 O 3 、In 2 O 3 、Li 2 CO 3 And Na 2 CO 3 Grinding, ultrasonically screening with 30 mesh sieve, oven drying at 85 deg.C for 5 hr to obtain V31 wt% 2 O 5 38% of BaCO 3 16% of B 2 O 3 3.5% of Al 2 O 3 3.5 percent of ZnO and 2 percent of SiO 2 1% of Sb 2 O 3 1.5% of In 2 O 3 0.5% of Li 2 CO 3 And 3% Na 2 CO 3 Accurately weighing, putting into a V-shaped mixer, mixing for 1h, screening with a 30-mesh sieve, scattering the agglomerated uneven powder dough, and putting into the V-shaped mixer again for mixing for 0.5h to obtain a mixed material;
s2, preheating the mixed material obtained in the step S1 at 180 ℃ for 1 hour, and dehydrating to obtain a pretreated material;
s3, putting the pretreated material obtained in the step S2 into a glass frit furnace, smelting at 1200 ℃, keeping the temperature for 0.5h to obtain glass liquid, controlling the glass liquid column to be about 6mm, putting the glass liquid into deionized water for water quenching, stirring at a low speed and a water quenching temperature of 35 ℃, continuing to soak in the deionized water at a temperature of 35 ℃ for 30min after the water quenching is finished, and obtaining glass slag;
s4, drying the glass slag obtained in the step S3 at 120 ℃, mechanically crushing, screening by using a 50-mesh sieve, putting into a ball mill, adding 1:2 of absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water as ball milling media for ball milling, wherein the solid content of the ball milling media and the glass slag slurry is 70%, the mass ratio of ball milling beads to the glass slag is 1:6, the filling amount of the glass slag and the ball milling media in the ball mill is 70%, and carrying out high-speed ball milling for 15h after carrying out medium-speed ball milling for 16h to obtain the slurry;
s5, screening the slurry obtained in the step S4 through a 350-mesh sieve, performing solid-liquid separation through a centrifuge, drying at 70 ℃ for 3 hours, then heating to 110 ℃ for drying for 3 hours, and performing ultrasonic screening through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder.
Example 5
A preparation method of double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing V 2 O 5 、BaCO 3 、H 3 BO 3 、Al 2 O 3 、ZnO、SiO 2 、CeO 2 And Li 2 CO 3 Grinding, ultrasonically screening with 26 mesh sieve, oven drying at 85 deg.C for 6 hr to obtain 32% V 2 O 5 42% of BaCO 3 11% of H 3 BO 3 5.5% of Al 2 O 3 3% of ZnO, 1.5% of SiO 2 2.5% of CeO 2 And 2.5% Li 2 CO 3 Accurately weighing, putting into a V-shaped mixer, mixing for 1h, screening with a 26-mesh sieve, scattering the agglomerated uneven powder dough, and putting into the V-shaped mixer again for mixing for 0.5h to obtain a mixed material;
s2, preheating the mixed material obtained in the step S1 at 200 ℃ for 1 hour, and dehydrating to obtain a pretreated material;
s3, putting the pretreated material obtained in the step S2 into a glass frit furnace, smelting at 1150 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 1h to obtain molten glass, controlling the molten glass column to be about 6mm, putting the molten glass into deionized water for water quenching, stirring at 28 ℃ at a low speed, and continuing to soak in the deionized water at 28 ℃ for 30min after the water quenching is finished to obtain glass slag;
s4, drying the glass slag obtained in the step S3 at 120 ℃, mechanically crushing, screening by using a 50-mesh sieve, putting into a ball mill, adding 1:1 of absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water as ball milling media for ball milling, wherein the solid content of the ball milling media and the glass slag slurry is 65%, the mass ratio of ball milling beads to the glass slag is 1:5, the filling amount of the glass slag and the ball milling media in the ball mill is 75%, and carrying out high-speed ball milling for 15h after carrying out medium-speed ball milling for 16h to obtain the slurry;
s5, screening the slurry obtained in the step S4 through a 400-mesh sieve, performing solid-liquid separation through a centrifuge, drying at 80 ℃ for 4 hours, then heating to 120 ℃ for drying for 4 hours, and performing ultrasonic screening through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder.
Example 6
A preparation method of double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing V 2 O 5 、BaCO 3 、H 3 BO 3 、Al 2 O 3 、ZnO、SiO 2 、SrCO 3 、CeO 2 、In 2 O 3 And Na 2 CO 3 Grinding, ultrasonically screening with 20 mesh sieve, oven drying at 80 deg.C for 6 hr to obtain 22% V 2 O 5 35% of BaCO 3 28% of H 3 BO 3 6.5% of Al 2 O 3 4% of ZnO, 1% of SiO 2 1% SrCO 3 0.5% of CeO 2 0.5% of In 2 O 3 And 1.5% of Na 2 CO 3 Accurately weighing, putting into a V-shaped mixer, mixing for 1h, screening with a 26-mesh sieve, scattering the agglomerated uneven powder dough, and putting into the V-shaped mixer again for mixing for 0.5h to obtain a mixed material;
s2, preheating the mixed material obtained in the step S1 at 150 ℃ for 1 hour, and dehydrating to obtain a pretreated material;
s3, putting the pretreated material obtained in the step S2 into a glass frit furnace, smelting at 1050 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 1h to obtain molten glass, controlling the molten glass column to be about 6mm, putting the molten glass into deionized water for water quenching, stirring at a low speed and at a water quenching temperature of 30 ℃, continuing to soak in the deionized water at 30 ℃ for 30min after the water quenching is finished, and obtaining glass slag;
s4, drying the glass slag obtained in the step S3 at 120 ℃, grinding, screening by using a 50-mesh sieve, putting into a ball mill, adding 1:1 of absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water as ball milling media for ball milling, wherein the solid content of the ball milling media and the glass slag slurry is 55%, the mass ratio of ball milling beads to the glass slag is 1:6, the filling amount of the glass slag and the ball milling media in the ball mill is 65%, and carrying out high-speed ball milling for 15h after carrying out medium-speed ball milling for 16h to obtain the slurry;
s5, screening the slurry obtained in the step S4 through a 350-mesh sieve, performing solid-liquid separation through a centrifuge, drying at 90 ℃ for 3 hours, then heating to 120 ℃ for drying for 4 hours, and performing ultrasonic screening through the 120-mesh sieve to obtain the double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder.
Test example 1
The aluminum paste glass powders of the double-sided PERC batteries prepared in examples 1, 3 and 6 and a commercial comparative sample 1 (vanadium-based lead-containing glass powder) were tested. The results are shown in Table 1, where Voc, Isc, Rs, FF, Eff are based on control 1, with positive numbers indicating an increase and negative numbers indicating a decrease.
TABLE 1 test results
Test example 2
The aluminum paste glass powder of the double-sided PERC battery prepared in examples 4, 5 and 6 and a commercial comparative sample 2 (vanadium-based lead-free glass powder) were tested. The results are shown in Table 2, where Voc, Isc, Rs, FF, Eff are based on control 2, with positive numbers indicating an increase and negative numbers indicating a decrease.
TABLE 2 test results
Test example 3
The 5 batches of product prepared in example 2 were tested and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 test results
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with comparative sample 1, the glass powder provided by the invention has narrow particle size distribution, better sintering activity, promotion of formation of an Al-Si alloy layer, increase of open-circuit voltage, reduction of series resistance and improvement of conversion efficiency.
As can be seen from table 2, compared with comparative sample 2, the glass powder provided by the present invention can improve the appearance and improve the tensile force under the condition of ensuring the efficiency, and provides more choices and matches for the back aluminum paste of the double-sided PERC battery.
As can be seen from Table 3, the preparation method provided by the invention optimizes and elaborately processes materials and processes, and glass powder produced in different production batches is good in stability and high in consistency, and is particularly characterized in that the particle size distribution is narrow, the D50 range is controlled within +/-0.2, the color difference delta E is less than 1, the glass softening temperature difference is within +/-5 ℃, and the loose packing is controlled within +/-0.5.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims above, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, grinding the main agent, the modifier, the glass forming agent, the modifier and the regulator, ultrasonically screening, drying, mixing in proportion, and then carrying out primary mixing, secondary screening and secondary mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s2, preheating the mixed material obtained in the step S1 at the temperature of T1, dehydrating and hardening to obtain a pretreated material;
s3, putting the pretreated material obtained in the step S2 into a glass frit furnace, smelting at the temperature of T2, preserving heat for T1 time to obtain glass liquid, and putting the glass liquid into deionized water for water quenching and soaking to obtain glass slag;
s4, mechanically crushing and screening the glassy slag obtained in the step S3, and adding a ball milling medium for ball milling to obtain slurry;
s5, screening the slurry obtained in the step S4, performing solid-liquid separation, drying, and screening to obtain the double-sided PERC battery aluminum paste glass powder;
the temperature T1 is 150-220 ℃;
the main agent comprises vanadium pentoxide;
the mass ratio of the main agent, the modifier, the glass forming agent, the modifier and the regulator is 20-50%, 10-35%, 0-25% and 0-15% respectively.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein step S1 satisfies one or more of the following conditions:
a. the modifier comprises barium oxide, and the barium oxide is derived from barium carbonate;
b. the glass forming agent comprises boron oxide or boric acid;
c. the modifier comprises one or more of metal oxides or carbonates of Zn, Al, Mg, Ca, Ti, Sr, In, Ce, Si, W and Sb;
d. the regulator comprises one or more of metal oxides or carbonates of Na, K and Li;
e. the mass ratio of the main agent, the modifier, the glass forming agent, the modifier and the regulator is 31-49%, 16-24%, 11-18% and 1-9% respectively;
or the mass percentages of the main agent, the modifier, the glass forming agent, the modifier and the regulator are respectively 21-29%, 26-34%, 18-22%, 16-25% and 0.2-3.8%;
or the mass ratios of the main agent, the modifier, the glass forming agent, the modifier and the regulator are respectively 22%, 35%, 28%, 13.5% and 1.5%;
f. the total mass of the main agent, the modifier and the glass forming agent accounts for 71-89%;
g. the mass ratio of the main agent to the modifier is 1: 1.2-1.6;
h. the ultrasonic screening is performed by using a 20-30-mesh screen;
i. the drying is carried out for 4-7 h at the temperature of 80-90 ℃;
j. and the secondary screening is to use a 25-35 mesh sieve.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein step S3 satisfies one or more of the following conditions:
k. the temperature T2 is 1000-1500 ℃,
l, the time t1 is 0.5-1.5 h;
m, the water quenching temperature is 25-35 ℃;
and n, the soaking temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the soaking time is 0.5-1 h.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein step S4 satisfies one or more of the following conditions:
o, screening by using a 50-55-mesh sieve;
p, the ball milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol and/or deionized water;
q, the solid content of the slurry of the ball milling medium and the glass slag is 50-70%;
r, the mass ratio of the ball milling beads to the glass slag used in the ball milling is 1: 3-1: 6;
and s, filling the glass slag and the ball milling medium in the ball mill in a filling amount of 60-80% during ball milling.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein step S5 satisfies one or more of the following conditions:
t, the drying is baking for 3-5 hours at the temperature of 70-95 ℃, and then heating to 110-120 ℃ for baking for 3-5 hours;
u. screening the slurry by using a 300-500-mesh sieve;
and v, performing ultrasonic screening by using a 100-120-mesh sieve after drying.
6. A double-sided PERC cell aluminum paste glass frit made by the method of any of claims 1-5.
7. A double-sided PERC cell made from the glass frit of claim 6.
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| CN113035975A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-06-25 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Glass powder and preparation method thereof, conductive silver paste and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102001833A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-04-06 | 昆明理工大学 | Unleaded glass powder used for electronic paste and preparation method thereof |
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