CN114349101A - High-salinity wastewater evaporation and concentration system utilizing waste heat and using method thereof - Google Patents
High-salinity wastewater evaporation and concentration system utilizing waste heat and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of high-salinity wastewater treatment, and discloses a high-salinity wastewater evaporation and concentration system utilizing waste heat and a use method thereof. According to the technical scheme, any one of a flue gas heat exchanger or a water-water heat exchange tubular heat exchanger is used as a main heat source, high-temperature steam of a power plant is used as a standby heat source and is matched with a main heat source for use, and a switchable and combinable double-heat-source system is set. According to the actual situation of the site, if the site does not have the condition of flue gas heat exchange, the tubular heat exchanger is selected for heat exchange, the heat source is flexibly selected, and the system can be ensured to effectively treat the high-salinity wastewater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high-salinity wastewater treatment, in particular to a high-salinity wastewater evaporation and concentration system utilizing waste heat and a use method thereof.
Background
The high-salinity wastewater refers to wastewater with the total salt content of at least 1 percent, mainly comes from chemical plants, petroleum and natural gas collection and processing and the like, has wide production ways and increases the water quantity year by year. The desulfurization waste water is one kind of high-salinity waste water and is mainly produced in a limestone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurization process, and the limestone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurization process is mainly used for treating SO produced by combustion of fancy dyes in a thermal power plant2Because of the superior performance of the wet flue gas desulfurization process, the wet flue gas desulfurization process is widely applied along the field of flue gas treatment and becomes the leading process of flue gas desulfurization of internal combustion coal power plants in the field. In a limestone-gypsum wet-method boiler flue gas desulfurization system, in order to ensure the desulfurization efficiency and maintain the chloride ion balance of the system, part of desulfurization wastewater needs to be discharged. The desulfurization wastewater has extremely complex components, contains a large amount of dissolved salts, suspended solids and a small amount of harmful pollutants such as fluorine ions and heavy metal ions, can not be directly discharged, and becomes one of the most difficult-to-treat wastewater of coal-fired power plants.
In recent years, the discharge problem of high-salinity wastewater such as desulfurization wastewater is more and more concerned, the existing treatment process mainly utilizes a physical and chemical treatment method to flocculate, settle and neutralize the wastewater to reduce suspended matters and harmful substances in the wastewater, but the treated effluent has high salt content, can still cause secondary pollution by direct discharge, and has huge wastewater amount, higher treatment difficulty and treatment cost. To above-mentioned problem, among the prior art have and adopt high temperature flue gas to carry out concentrated processing to waste water, utilize high temperature flue gas to realize that the heat transfer is concentrated, reach flue gas cooling and the concentrated effect of waste water, the waste water volume after the concentration reduces, when carrying out subsequent processing, can reduce to a certain extent and handle the degree of difficulty and treatment cost. However, the above-mentioned method for treating high-salinity wastewater still has the following problems:
1. the heat exchange part adopts a flue heat exchanger, the source of a heat source is single, only low-temperature flue gas of a power plant is adopted, and the waste water is evaporated and concentrated through the heat exchanger. However, when the treatment system does not have the low-temperature flue gas use conditions, such as too low flue gas temperature, small flue gas flow, no use of flue gas in a factory and the like, evaporation and concentration cannot be realized;
2. the artificial participation degree of the evaporation concentration part is too low, the operation condition can not be correspondingly adjusted in the operation process of the system, and under the premise, once the operation environment fluctuates, the problems of operation errors, unsatisfactory operation results and the like can be caused;
3. the high-salinity wastewater is high in solid content after being concentrated, and is easy to block in the conveying process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-salinity wastewater evaporation and concentration system utilizing waste heat and a using method thereof, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, when high-salinity wastewater is treated, a heat exchange part only adopts low-temperature flue gas as a heat source, and when a treatment system does not have the use condition of the low-temperature flue gas, evaporation and concentration cannot be realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an utilize evaporative concentration high salt effluent system of used heat, includes evaporation unit and is used for the heat transfer unit with the evaporation unit heat transfer, and the heat transfer unit includes front end heat exchanger and reserve steam conduit, and the front end heat exchanger is flue heat exchanger or tubular heat exchanger, and the intercommunication has the heat transfer pipeline between front end heat exchanger and the evaporation unit, and reserve steam conduit and heat transfer pipeline intercommunication, and all be provided with the valve on heat transfer pipeline and the reserve steam conduit.
The principle and the advantages of the scheme are as follows: during practical application, in a high-salinity wastewater treatment system, the high-salinity wastewater is concentrated by the evaporation unit, and the heat exchange unit provides an initial heat source for the evaporation unit. In the technical scheme, different from the prior art, single low-temperature flue gas is used as a heat source, any one of a flue gas heat exchanger and a water-water heat exchange tubular heat exchanger (arranged in parallel) is used as a main heat source, high-temperature steam of a power plant is used as a standby heat source and is matched with the main heat source for use, and a switchable and combined double-heat-source system is set. According to the actual situation of the site, if the site does not have the condition of flue gas heat exchange, the tubular heat exchanger is adopted as the main heat source. The heat source switching of the technical scheme is flexible, and when the system does not have the use condition of low-temperature flue gas, the tubular heat exchanger is used for providing a heat source for a multi-effect evaporation system of wastewater, so that continuous heat exchange of high-salt wastewater is realized, the continuous and stable operation of the system is ensured, and the treatment efficiency of the system on the high-salt wastewater is ensured.
Preferably, as an improvement, the evaporation unit comprises at least one group of evaporation assemblies, each evaporation assembly comprises a separator, a circulating pump and a heat exchanger, the separators, the circulating pumps and the heat exchangers are connected into a ring through pipelines, the circulating pumps are arranged between the separators and the heat exchangers, and the heat exchangers are communicated with the heat exchange unit.
In the technical scheme, the high-salt wastewater is evaporated and concentrated in the evaporation unit, the high-salt wastewater is firstly pumped into the separator and is pumped into the heat exchanger by the circulating pump to realize heat exchange through steam generated by the front-end heat exchange unit, and the wastewater after heat exchange is sent into the separator to evaporate water vapor so as to realize concentration.
Preferably, as an improvement, the evaporation unit comprises three groups of evaporation assemblies connected by pipelines, including a primary evaporation assembly, a secondary evaporation assembly and a tertiary evaporation assembly which are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of the high-salinity wastewater; the steam outlet of the previous separator is connected with the next heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the concentrated solution outlet of the previous separator is connected with the wastewater inlet of the next separator through a pipeline.
Among this technical scheme, through setting the form that the evaporation unit communicates to tertiary evaporation subassembly in proper order, the make full use of being convenient for gets into the heat of evaporation unit, realizes the heat transfer step by step of high salt waste water, improves energy utilization, and whole evaporation process does not have outside heat input, has reduced the system energy consumption.
Preferably, as an improvement, the heat exchanger of the first-stage evaporation assembly is communicated with a head end condensation unit, and the heat exchanger of the second-stage evaporation assembly and the heat exchanger of the third-stage evaporation assembly are communicated with a tail end condensation unit.
Among this technical scheme, the steam that is evaporated by one-level evaporation subassembly cools off through head end condensing unit, and the vapor that is evaporated by tertiary evaporation subassembly cools off through tail end condensing unit, and the cooling water after second grade, tertiary evaporimeter heat transfer also stores in tail end condensing unit. The condensed desalted water can be recycled, and the water resource can be recycled.
Preferably, as an improvement, the head end condensing unit comprises a head end condenser, a head end gas-liquid separator and a head end condensing tank; the tail end condensing unit comprises a tail end condenser, a tail end gas-liquid separator and a tail end condensing tank; the head end gas-liquid separator and the tail end gas-liquid separator are both connected with a vacuum pump.
In the technical scheme, after water vapor evaporated from the multiple effects of the evaporation unit is condensed in the condenser and separated by the gas-liquid separator, the liquid part enters the condensation tank to be temporarily stored for later use, and the gas part is pumped out by the vacuum pump, so that gas-liquid separation is realized, and the later-stage resource treatment and utilization are facilitated.
Preferably, as an improvement, the tail end condensing tank is provided with a manual valve respectively on a communicating pipeline with the heat exchanger of the second-stage evaporation assembly and the heat exchanger of the third-stage evaporation assembly.
Among this technical scheme, through setting up manual valve, according to system (separator, condensate tank) pressure gauge, thermometer and the demonstration result of level gauge, when observing the system anomaly, can be through the valve aperture quick adjustment vacuum of adjusting manual valve, the steady operation of maintenance system when accomplishing waste water heat transfer evaporative concentration avoids the system to influence the waste water treatment result because of external environment is undulant.
Preferably, as an improvement, the separator of the three-stage evaporation assembly is connected with a high-temperature flue gas drying unit, the high-temperature flue gas drying unit comprises a drying tower, a high-temperature flue gas pipeline and a tubular dust remover, an atomization assembly is arranged in the drying tower, and the high-temperature flue gas pipeline is communicated with the drying tower; a thickener and a concentrated solution box are arranged between the drying tower and the separator of the three-stage evaporation assembly.
In the technical scheme, the waste water after evaporation concentration by the evaporation unit can enter the thickener to destroy the vacuum degree, then is stirred and homogenized in the concentrated solution tank, enters the drying tower and is atomized into fog drops by the medium atomizing spray gun or the mechanical rotary atomizing disk, and the drying is realized by utilizing high-temperature flue gas, so that the heat recovery of the high-temperature flue gas is realized.
Preferably, as an improvement, the concentrated solution tank is communicated with a concentrated solution conveying loop, a concentrated solution conveying pipeline is communicated between the concentrated solution conveying loop and the drying tower, the pipe diameter of the concentrated solution conveying loop is larger than that of the concentrated solution conveying pipeline, and a conveying pump is arranged on the concentrated solution conveying loop.
Among this technical scheme, after carrying out evaporation concentration to high salt waste water, the waste water after the concentration risees because of the solid content, at the in-process that concentrated waste water was carried, need prevent that the system from hardening, stopping up, traditional treatment mode is to carrying out softening treatment to waste water, and this scheme has saved the waste water softening treatment step, communicate concentrate delivery circuit on the dope case, carry out the high velocity of flow circulation through large-traffic, high-lift delivery pump with waste water in concentrate delivery circuit, wash away the pipeline, avoid the pipeline to block up. And a concentrated liquid conveying pipeline is connected between the concentrated liquid conveying loop and the drying tower, the pipe diameter of the concentrated liquid conveying pipeline is set to be smaller than that of the concentrated liquid conveying loop, and the required conveying capacity is discharged through the small-caliber pipeline.
Preferably, as an improvement, the use method of the system for concentrating the high-salinity wastewater by evaporation by utilizing waste heat comprises the following steps:
step I, homogenizing: stirring and homogenizing the high-salinity wastewater temporarily stored in the wastewater buffer tank;
step II, multi-effect evaporation and concentration: pumping the stirred high-salinity wastewater into an evaporation unit for multi-stage concentration, wherein the evaporation unit is connected with a heat exchange assembly and a heat exchange assembly unit, the heat exchange unit comprises a front-end heat exchanger and a standby steam pipeline, and the front-end heat exchanger is a flue heat exchanger or a tubular heat exchanger;
step III, atomization drying: the concentrated waste water is conveyed into a drying tower after the vacuum degree of the concentrated waste water is destroyed by a thickener, and is atomized into fog drops, and the fog drops and high-temperature flue gas are mixed in the drying tower and are dried;
step IV, dust removal: and collecting the dried ash after dust removal, and feeding the flue gas after dust removal into a flue gas system.
In this technical scheme, when handling high salt waste water, compare and have following technical advantage in traditional high salt waste water treatment:
1. this technical scheme is before handling high salt waste water, at first carries out the homogeneity operation, can guarantee high salt waste water system concentration homogeneous, can avoid local concentration too high and appear blockking up on the one hand, and on the other hand can also guarantee that later stage system operation is stable.
2. The technical scheme is different from the prior art that single low-temperature flue gas is used as a heat source, any one of a flue gas heat exchanger and a water-water heat exchange tubular heat exchanger is used as a main heat source, high-temperature steam of a power plant is used as a standby heat source and is matched with the main heat source for use, and a switchable and combinable double-heat-source system is set. According to the actual situation of the site, if the site does not have the condition of flue gas heat exchange, the tubular heat exchanger is adopted as the main heat source. The heat source switching of the technical scheme is flexible, and when the system does not have the use condition of low-temperature flue gas, the tubular heat exchanger is used for providing a heat source for a multi-effect evaporation system of wastewater, so that continuous heat exchange of high-salt wastewater is realized, the continuous and stable operation of the system is ensured, and the treatment efficiency of the system on the high-salt wastewater is ensured.
3. This technical scheme adopts the concentrated form of multiple-effect evaporation, and the make full use of being convenient for gets into the heat of evaporation unit, realizes the heat transfer step by step of high salt waste water, improves energy utilization and rates, and whole evaporation process does not have outside heat input, has reduced system energy consumption.
4. Among this technical scheme, the steam that produces among the multiple-effect evaporation process can be condensed, and then the liquid part gets into and keeps in the condensing tank for subsequent use, and the gas part is pumped out by the vacuum pump, has realized gas-liquid separation and demineralized water's cyclic utilization.
5. In the technical scheme, the waste water after evaporation and concentration is dried by using the high-temperature flue gas, so that the utilization of the high-temperature flue gas is realized, and the dried ash and slag are treated uniformly after dust removal treatment. The scheme realizes zero discharge treatment of wastewater, and the treatment method has the advantages of low energy consumption, high resource recycling rate and good continuity, and is very suitable for industrial popularization and application.
Preferably, as an improvement, in the step III, the temperature of the flue gas inlet of the drying tower is 300-.
In the technical scheme, the drying tower takes the high-temperature flue gas as a drying heat source, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas entering the drying tower is generally up to 300-400 ℃, and after drying heat exchange, the temperature of a flue gas outlet is reduced to about 100-150 ℃, so that the high-efficiency utilization of the high-temperature flue gas heat source is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a system for evaporative concentration of high salinity wastewater using waste heat in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of the embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The technical means used in the following embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, unless otherwise specified.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the system comprises a front-end heat exchanger 1, a standby steam pipeline 2, a heat exchange pipeline 3, a valve 4, a first-stage separator 5, a first-stage circulating pump 6, a first-stage heat exchanger 7, a second-stage separator 8, a second-stage heat exchanger 9, a third-stage separator 10, a third-stage heat exchanger 11, a head-end condenser 12, a head-end condensing tank 13, a head-end gas-liquid separator 14, a tail-end condenser 15, a tail-end gas-liquid separator 16, a tail-end condensing tank 17, a vacuum pump 18, a cooling tower 19, a manual valve 20, a drying tower 21, a high-temperature flue gas pipeline 22, a dust remover 23, a thickener 24, a concentrated solution box 25, a concentrated solution conveying pump 26, a concentrated solution conveying loop 27, a concentrated solution conveying pipeline 28, a liquid outlet pump 29, a slag bin 30 and a wastewater buffer pool 31.
Example one
This embodiment is substantially as shown in figure 1: the utility model provides an utilize evaporation concentration high salt waste water system of used heat, includes heat transfer unit, evaporation unit, head end condensing unit, tail end condensing unit and high temperature flue gas drying unit, passes through the pipe connection between each unit.
The heat exchange unit is used for providing the heat source of heat transfer to the evaporation unit, and the heat exchange unit includes front end heat exchanger 1 and reserve steam conduit 2, and front end heat exchanger 1 is main heat source, and reserve steam conduit 2 uses high-temperature steam as the heat source, for reserve heat source. The front end heat exchanger 1 is a flue heat exchanger (taking flue gas as a heat source) or a tubular heat exchanger (taking hot medium water as a heat source), a heat exchange pipeline 3 is communicated between the front end heat exchanger and the evaporation unit, the standby steam pipeline 2 is communicated with the heat exchange pipeline 3, and valves 4 are arranged on the heat exchange pipeline 3 and the standby steam pipeline 2.
The evaporation unit is used for evaporating and concentrating the high-salinity wastewater, and comprises at least one group of evaporation assemblies, in the embodiment, the number of the evaporation assemblies is three, namely, the evaporation unit comprises a first-stage evaporation assembly, a second-stage evaporation assembly and a third-stage evaporation assembly which are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of the high-salinity wastewater; the primary evaporation component comprises a primary separator 5, a primary circulating pump 6 and a primary heat exchanger 7 which are connected into a ring through pipelines; the secondary evaporation component comprises a secondary separator 8, a secondary circulating pump and a secondary heat exchanger 9 which are connected into a ring through pipelines; the three-stage evaporation assembly comprises a three-stage separator 10, a three-stage circulating pump and a three-stage heat exchanger 11 which are connected into a ring through pipelines. The separator of each grade all is equipped with waste water entry, concentrate export and steam outlet, and the steam outlet and the next one-level heat exchanger pipe connection of last one-level separator, the concentrate export of last one-level separator and the waste water entry pipe connection of next one-level separator. The air outlet end of the heat exchange pipeline 3 is communicated with the primary heat exchanger 7, and steam generated by the heat exchange unit is used for heat exchange of the primary heat exchanger 7. The wastewater inlet of the first-stage separator 5 is communicated with a wastewater buffer tank 31 through a pipeline, and the high-salinity wastewater is stirred and homogenized in the wastewater buffer tank 31 and then pumped into the first-stage separator 5.
The head end condensing unit comprises a head end condenser 12, a head end condensing tank 13 and a head end gas-liquid separator 14, the head end condenser 12 is connected with a cooling tower 19, and an air inlet of the head end condenser 12 is communicated with the first-stage heat exchanger 7. The tail end condensing unit comprises a tail end condenser 15, a tail end gas-liquid separator 16 and a tail end condensing tank 17; the air inlet of the tail end condenser 15 is communicated with the steam outlets of the secondary heat exchanger 9, the tertiary heat exchanger 11 and the tertiary separator 10, and the tail end condenser 15 is also communicated with the cooling tower 19. The head end gas-liquid separator 14 and the tail end gas-liquid separator 16 are both connected with a vacuum pump 18. And the communication pipelines of the tail end condensation tank 17, the secondary heat exchanger 9 and the tertiary heat exchanger 11 are respectively provided with a manual valve 20.
The concentrated solution outlet of the third-stage separator 10 is communicated with the high-temperature flue gas drying unit, the high-temperature flue gas drying unit comprises a drying tower 21, a high-temperature flue gas pipeline 22 and a dust remover 23, an atomization component is arranged in the drying tower 21, the atomization component in the embodiment is an atomization spray gun or a mechanical rotary atomization disc, and the high-temperature flue gas pipeline 22 is communicated with the drying tower 21 to provide a drying heat source for the drying tower 21. The dust remover 23 in this embodiment is a tube dust remover 23, and the tube dust remover 23 is communicated with a booster fan of the drying tower 21. A thickener 24 and a concentrated solution tank 25 which are communicated through pipelines are arranged between the drying tower 21 and the third-stage separator 10. A stirrer is arranged in the concentrated solution tank 25, the concentrated solution tank 25 is communicated with a concentrated solution conveying loop 27, a concentrated solution conveying pipeline 28 is communicated between the concentrated solution conveying loop 27 and the drying 21, the pipe diameter of the concentrated solution conveying loop 27 is larger than that of the concentrated solution conveying pipeline 28, a conveying pump is arranged on the concentrated solution conveying loop 27, and a liquid outlet pump 29 is arranged on the concentrated solution conveying pipeline.
The use method of the high-salinity wastewater evaporation and concentration system utilizing waste heat comprises the following steps:
step I, homogenizing: high salt waste water is carried and is stored in waste water buffer tank 31, carries out the homogeneity through the mode of aeration or mechanical stirring, guarantees that high salt waste water system is homogeneous, guarantees that subsequent processing is stable, and avoids causing the pipe blockage problem because of the system is inhomogeneous.
Step II, multi-effect evaporation and concentration: the homogenized high-salinity wastewater is pumped into a primary separator 5 and is sent into a primary heat exchanger 7 by a primary circulating pump 6 for primary heat exchange concentration, a heat source for heat exchange in the primary heat exchanger 7 comes from a heat exchange unit, a heat source can be switched according to the actual situation on site, and when the site does not have a flue gas heating condition, the tubular heat exchanger and a standby steam pipeline 2 are mainly used as concentrated heat sources.
After the high-salinity wastewater exchanges heat in the first-stage heat exchanger 7, hot steam enters the first-end condenser 12 for condensation and then enters the first-end condensing tank 13, and the obtained desalted water can be recycled subsequently. The heated wastewater is sent to a primary separator 5 to be evaporated to generate steam, and the generated steam is sent to a secondary heat exchanger 9 to provide a heat source for the secondary heat exchanger 9; concentrated waste water enters the secondary separator 8 to be concentrated for the second time, evaporated water vapor enters the tertiary heat exchanger 11 to provide a heat source for the tertiary heat exchanger 11, the concentrated waste water enters the tertiary separator 10, then the waste water enters the tertiary heat exchanger 11 under the action of the tertiary circulating pump, and the waste water enters the tertiary separator 10 after heat exchange in the tertiary heat exchanger 11 to finish the third-time water evaporation and waste water concentration. The water vapor evaporated from the second heat exchanger 9 and the third heat exchanger 11 enters a tail end condenser 15, after the water vapor is condensed and separated by a tail end gas-liquid separator 16, the desalted water enters a tail end condensing tank 17, and the obtained desalted water can be recycled subsequently, so that the resource utilization rate is improved.
Step III, atomization drying: the waste water after the three-stage concentration is broken in the vacuum degree by the thickener 24, then enters the concentrated solution tank 25, is stirred by the stirrer in the concentrated solution tank 25 and is pumped out under the action of the concentrated solution conveying pump, and as the concentrated solution tank 25 is communicated with the concentrated solution conveying loop 27, the waste water is circulated at high flow rate in the concentrated solution conveying loop 27 by the large-flow and high-lift conveying pump, so that the pipeline is flushed, and the pipeline is prevented from being blocked. Another part of the waste water is discharged to the drying tower 21 along the thick liquid conveying pipeline 28 with small pipe diameter. The wastewater concentrated solution enters the drying tower 21 along the concentrated solution conveying pipeline 27 and is atomized to form fog drops.
The high-temperature flue gas enters the drying tower 21 and is mixed with the fog drops for drying, the temperature of the flue gas inlet of the drying tower 21 is 300-400 ℃, and the temperature of the flue gas outlet is 100-150 ℃.
Step IV, dust removal: the dried ash enters the tubular dust collector 23 for collection, and is conveyed to the slag bin 30 through a bin pump or is collected independently; the flue gas after dust removal enters a flue gas system.
Aiming at the treatment of high-salinity wastewater, the method can flexibly adjust the heat exchange of the flue gas according to whether the site supports the flue gas, can realize the concentration of the wastewater through triple effect evaporation, can realize the independent collection of ash and slag after the concentrated wastewater is dried by high-temperature flue gas, realizes the zero discharge treatment of the wastewater, has the advantages of low energy consumption, high resource recycling rate and good continuity, and is very suitable for industrial popularization and application.
Example two
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is: in this embodiment, the pressure gauge, the thermometer, and the level gauge are disposed on each stage of the separator and the head end/tail end condensing tank. In use, the valve openings of the two manual valves 20 are adjusted according to the display results of the pressure gauge, the temperature gauge and the water level gauge on the first-stage separator 5 and the second-stage separator 8, especially the display results of the pressure gauge and the temperature gauge, so as to maintain the stable operation of the system.
The pressure gauge on the three-stage separator 10 displays the vacuum degree of the system in operation, the lower vacuum degree (low pressure) is convenient for improving the vaporization potential of steam in the multi-effect evaporation system, therefore, under the normal operation condition of the system, the parameter range of the pressure gauge on the three-stage separator 10 is 0.01-0.1 MPa, the parameter ranges of the pressure gauge and the thermometer are sequentially decreased progressively along the flow direction of wastewater, the pressure in the next-stage evaporation assembly is lower than that of the previous-stage evaporation assembly in the operation process of the system, and the gradient utilization of heat energy is convenient; and the parameter ranges of the thermometers in the second-stage separator and the third-stage separator are 75-85 ℃, 60-70 ℃ and 50-60 ℃ in sequence along the flow direction of the wastewater. As the wastewater is transported away from the evaporation system, the pressure of the evaporation system increases and the temperature increases, causing a decrease in the efficiency of evaporative concentration of the wastewater in the system. At this time, the operator can adjust the valve opening of the manual valve 20 manually, so as to adjust the air pumping speed of the vacuum pump on the tail end gas-liquid separator 16, thereby adjusting the vacuum degree in the separator, so that the temperature and the pressure of the separator are recovered to normal.
Specifically, when the display data of the pressure gauge on the secondary separator 8 is higher than that of the pressure gauge on the primary separator 5, or the temperature on the secondary separator 8 is higher than 70 ℃, fine adjustment is carried out to unscrew the manual valve 20, the opening degree of the valve is increased, the speed of pumping the air in the secondary separator by the vacuum pump on the tail end gas-liquid separator 16 is increased, the pressure and the temperature in the secondary separator 8 are reduced, and the secondary separator is recovered to be normal.
When the display data of the pressure gauge on the secondary separator 8 is lower than that of the pressure gauge on the tertiary separator 10 or the temperature on the secondary separator 8 is lower than 60 ℃, the manual valve 20 is screwed down by fine adjustment, the opening degree of the valve is reduced, the speed of the vacuum pump on the tail end gas-liquid separator 16 for pumping the air in the secondary separator 8 is reduced, and the pressure and the temperature in the secondary separator 8 are increased to restore the normal state.
When the display data of the pressure gauge on the primary separator 5 is higher than 0.1MPa or the temperature on the secondary separator 8 is higher than 85 ℃, the manual valve 20 is loosened by fine adjustment, the opening of the valve is increased, the speed of pumping the air in the primary separator 5 by the vacuum pump on the tail end gas-liquid separator 16 is increased, and the pressure and the temperature in the primary separator 5 are reduced to restore the normal state.
When the display data of the pressure gauge on the primary separator 5 is lower than that of the pressure gauge on the secondary separator 8 or the temperature on the secondary separator 8 is lower than 75 ℃, the manual valve 20 is screwed down by fine adjustment, the opening degree of the valve is reduced, the speed of the vacuum pump on the tail end gas-liquid separator 16 for pumping the air in the primary separator 5 is reduced, and the pressure and the temperature in the primary separator 5 are increased to restore the normal state.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of designing and/or characterizing particular aspects and/or features is not described in any greater detail herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an evaporation concentration high salt waste water system of utilization used heat which characterized in that: the heat exchange unit comprises an evaporation unit and a heat exchange unit used for exchanging heat with the evaporation unit, the heat exchange unit comprises a front end heat exchanger and a standby steam pipeline, the front end heat exchanger is a flue heat exchanger or a tubular heat exchanger, a heat exchange pipeline is communicated between the front end heat exchanger and the evaporation unit, the standby steam pipeline is communicated with the heat exchange pipeline, and valves are arranged on the heat exchange pipeline and the standby steam pipeline.
2. The system for evaporative concentration of high salinity wastewater using waste heat according to claim 1, characterized in that: the evaporation unit comprises at least one group of evaporation assemblies, each evaporation assembly comprises a separator, a circulating pump and a heat exchanger, the separators, the circulating pumps and the heat exchangers are connected into a ring through pipelines, the circulating pumps are arranged between the separators and the heat exchangers, and the heat exchangers are communicated with the heat exchange unit.
3. The system for evaporative concentration of high salinity wastewater using waste heat according to claim 2, characterized in that: the evaporation unit comprises three groups of evaporation assemblies connected by pipelines, and comprises a primary evaporation assembly, a secondary evaporation assembly and a tertiary evaporation assembly which are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of the high-salinity wastewater; the steam outlet of the previous separator is connected with the next heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the concentrated solution outlet of the previous separator is connected with the wastewater inlet of the next separator through a pipeline.
4. The system for evaporative concentration of high salinity wastewater using waste heat according to claim 3, characterized in that: the heat exchanger of the first-level evaporation assembly is communicated with a head end condensation unit, and the heat exchanger of the second-level evaporation assembly is communicated with the heat exchanger of the third-level evaporation assembly with a tail end condensation unit.
5. The system for evaporative concentration of high salinity wastewater using waste heat according to claim 4, characterized in that: the head end condensing unit comprises a head end condenser, a head end gas-liquid separator and a head end condensing tank; the tail end condensing unit comprises a tail end condenser, a tail end gas-liquid separator and a tail end condensing tank; the head end gas-liquid separator and the tail end gas-liquid separator are both connected with a vacuum pump.
6. The system for evaporative concentration of high salinity wastewater using waste heat according to claim 5, characterized in that: and the tail end condensing tank is provided with a manual valve respectively on the communicating pipelines with the heat exchanger of the second-stage evaporation assembly and the heat exchanger of the third-stage evaporation assembly.
7. The system for evaporative concentration of high salinity wastewater using waste heat according to claim 6, characterized in that: the separator of the three-stage evaporation assembly is connected with a high-temperature flue gas drying unit, the high-temperature flue gas drying unit comprises a drying tower, a high-temperature flue gas pipeline and a tubular dust remover, an atomization assembly is arranged in the drying tower, and the high-temperature flue gas pipeline is communicated with the drying tower; a thickener and a concentrated solution box are arranged between the drying tower and the separator of the three-stage evaporation assembly.
8. The system for evaporative concentration of high salinity wastewater using waste heat according to claim 7, characterized in that: the concentrated solution box is communicated with a concentrated solution conveying loop, a concentrated solution conveying pipeline is communicated between the concentrated solution conveying loop and the drying tower, the pipe diameter of the concentrated solution conveying loop is larger than that of the concentrated solution conveying pipeline, and a conveying pump is arranged on the concentrated solution conveying loop.
9. The use method of the system for evaporating and concentrating the high-salinity wastewater by utilizing the waste heat is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step I, homogenizing: stirring and homogenizing the high-salinity wastewater temporarily stored in the wastewater buffer tank;
step II, multi-effect evaporation and concentration: pumping the stirred high-salinity wastewater into an evaporation unit for multi-stage concentration, wherein the evaporation unit is connected with a heat exchange unit, the heat exchange unit comprises a front-end heat exchanger and a standby steam pipeline, and the front-end heat exchanger is a flue heat exchanger or a tubular heat exchanger;
step III, atomization drying: the concentrated waste water is conveyed into a drying tower after the vacuum degree of the concentrated waste water is destroyed by a thickener, and is atomized into fog drops, and the fog drops and high-temperature flue gas are mixed in the drying tower and are dried;
step IV, dust removal: and collecting the dried ash after dust removal, and feeding the flue gas after dust removal into a flue gas system.
10. The use method of the system for evaporative concentration of high salinity wastewater using waste heat according to claim 9, characterized in that: in the step III, the temperature of the flue gas inlet of the drying tower is 300-400 ℃, and the temperature of the flue gas outlet is 100-150 ℃.
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