CN111908686A - Desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system and method for deep utilization of flue gas waste heat - Google Patents
Desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system and method for deep utilization of flue gas waste heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN111908686A CN111908686A CN202010574952.XA CN202010574952A CN111908686A CN 111908686 A CN111908686 A CN 111908686A CN 202010574952 A CN202010574952 A CN 202010574952A CN 111908686 A CN111908686 A CN 111908686A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/16—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
Abstract
The invention discloses a desulfurization waste water zero discharge system and a method for deep utilization of flue gas waste heat, which comprises a flue gas waste heat utilization system and a desulfurization waste water evaporative crystallization system; the flue gas waste heat utilization system divides the flue gas at the outlet of the SCR into two parts which respectively enter an air preheater and a high-temperature economizer for heat exchange, the flue gas after the heat exchange with feed water by the high-temperature economizer and the low-temperature economizer enters a heater for heating desulfurization wastewater, the flue gas after the heat exchange is mixed with the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater and then enters a fan heater for preheating air, the desulfurization wastewater evaporative crystallization system adopts the flue gas as a heat source for heating the desulfurization wastewater, and the heated desulfurization wastewater enters a multi-effect forced circulation evaporative crystallization system for evaporative crystallization. The desulfurization waste water is heated by utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas at the tail part of the boiler, so that the gradient utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas can be realized; the low-cost flue gas is used as a heat source of the desulfurization wastewater multi-effect forced circulation evaporation crystallization system, so that the operation cost of the desulfurization wastewater treatment system can be effectively reduced, and the system has good economic and environmental benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of desulfurization wastewater treatment, in particular to a desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system and method for deep utilization of flue gas waste heat.
Background
Zero discharge of desulfurization wastewater becomes one of the difficult problems to be solved urgently in clean production of coal-fired units. At present, the main treatment methods of the desulfurization wastewater comprise chemical agent treatment, multi-effect evaporation crystallization, a mechanical vapor recompression method, a flue evaporation method, a membrane concentration method and the like. The low-temperature multi-effect evaporative crystallization is used as a mature and reliable desulfurization wastewater treatment method and has a wide application prospect, but a multi-effect forced circulation evaporative crystallization system needs to consume steam to heat desulfurization wastewater, and has the defects of high energy consumption, influence on power generation efficiency and the like. The desulfurization waste water is heated by the waste heat of the flue gas, the energy consumption of desulfurization waste water treatment can be effectively reduced, the operation cost of desulfurization waste water treatment is reduced, the waste heat of the flue gas is further recovered, the smoke exhaust temperature of a boiler is reduced, and the generating efficiency of a unit is improved.
In the design working condition of a coal-fired unit, the inlet smoke temperature of the air preheater generally reaches about 350 ℃, the inlet air generally comes from natural air, the heat exchange temperature difference is large, the exhaust gas temperature is high, and the large exhaust heat loss can be generated. The waste heat of the flue gas at the tail of the boiler is applied to the evaporative crystallization process of the desulfurization wastewater, so that zero emission of the desulfurization wastewater can be realized, the environmental pollution is reduced, the smoke exhaust temperature of the boiler is reduced, the deep utilization of the waste heat is realized, and the energy-saving effect is obvious. Based on the above, a desulfurization wastewater zero discharge system for deep utilization of boiler tail flue gas waste heat needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system and a desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge method for deep utilization of flue gas waste heat.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a desulfurization waste water zero discharge system for deep utilization of flue gas waste heat comprises a flue gas waste heat utilization system and a desulfurization waste water evaporative crystallization system;
the flue gas waste heat utilization system comprises an SCR device, an air preheater, a high-temperature economizer, a low-temperature economizer and a heater, wherein a flue gas outlet of the SCR device is respectively connected with a flue gas inlet of the air preheater and a flue gas inlet of the high-temperature economizer, and a flue gas outlet of the air preheater is connected with a flue gas inlet of the heater; the flue gas outlet of high temperature economizer links to each other with the flue gas entry of low temperature economizer, the flue gas outlet of low temperature economizer links to each other with the flue gas entry of an effect heater, the flue gas outlet of an effect heater links to each other with the flue gas entry of air heater, the flue gas outlet of air heater is connected to desulfurization waste water evaporation crystallization system's entry, the saline water inlet of an effect heater inserts desulfurization waste water evaporation crystallization system with the salt solution export, the air inlet of air heater links to each other with axial fan, the air outlet of air heater links to each other with the air inlet of air preheater, the air outlet of air preheater links to each other with furnace.
Further, the desulfurization wastewater evaporative crystallization system comprises a desulfurization tower, a triple box, a circulating water pump, a multi-effect forced circulation evaporative crystallization system and a centrifuge; the exhanst gas outlet of air heater is connected to the flue gas entry of desulfurizing tower, the exhanst gas outlet of desulfurizing tower is connected to the chimney, the desulfurization waste water export of desulfurizing tower links to each other with the desulfurization waste water entry of triplex case, the salt solution export of triplex case links to each other with the salt solution entry of circulating water pump, the salt solution export of circulating water pump links to each other with an effect heater salt solution entry, the salt solution export of an effect heater links to each other with the salt solution entry of multiple-effect forced circulation evaporation crystallization system, the salt solution export of multiple-effect forced circulation evaporation crystallization system links to each other with centrifuge salt solution entry, centrifuge's dense water export links to each other with the.
Further, the flue gas outlet of the air heater is connected to the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower through the electric dust remover.
Furthermore, a water supply inlet of the high-temperature economizer is connected to a water supply outlet of the condensate pump, and the water supply outlet of the high-temperature economizer is connected with a water supply inlet of the next-stage heater.
Further, a feed water inlet of the low-temperature economizer is connected to a feed water outlet of the low-pressure heater, and a feed water outlet of the low-temperature economizer is connected to the high-pressure heater through a deaerator.
A method for realizing zero emission of desulfurization waste water by deep utilization of flue gas waste heat is characterized in that flue gas at an outlet of an SCR device is divided into two streams which respectively enter an air preheater and a high-temperature economizer, the air preheater heats air and then sends the air into a hearth, the flue gas enters a fan heater to further utilize the waste heat of the flue gas, the flue gas entering the high-temperature economizer and the low-temperature economizer heats feed water, the heated flue gas enters a one-effect heater to heat desulfurization waste water of a desulfurization waste water evaporation crystallization system, the flue gas after heat exchange is mixed with the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater and then enters the fan heater to preheat the air, and the exhaust gas of the fan heater is discharged after treatment.
Further, the desulfurization wastewater evaporative crystallization system comprises a desulfurization tower, a triple box, a circulating water pump, a multi-effect forced circulation evaporative crystallization system and a centrifuge; the flue gas outlet of the air heater is connected to the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower, the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is connected to the chimney, the desulfurization waste water outlet of the desulfurizing tower is connected with the desulfurization waste water inlet of the triple box, the brine outlet of the triple box is connected with the brine inlet of the circulating water pump, the brine outlet of the circulating water pump is connected with the brine inlet of the first-effect heater, the brine outlet of the first-effect heater is connected with the brine inlet of the multiple-effect forced circulation evaporative crystallization system, the brine outlet of the multiple-effect forced circulation evaporative crystallization system is connected with the brine inlet of the centrifugal machine, and the concentrated water outlet of the centrifugal machine is connected with the desulfurization waste water;
the desulfurization wastewater is treated by the triple box and then enters a one-effect heater for heating, the heated desulfurization wastewater enters a multi-effect forced circulation evaporation crystallization system for evaporation, and the heated desulfurization wastewater enters a centrifugal machine for crystallization after evaporation.
Preferably, the air heater performs primary preheating on air, and the air enters the air preheater for further heating to 300 ℃ after being preheated to 70 ℃.
Preferably, the amount of flue gas entering the air preheater of the SCR device accounts for 85% of the total amount of flue gas, and the amount of flue gas entering the high-temperature economizer accounts for 15% of the total amount of flue gas.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the desulfurization waste water zero discharge system for deep utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas at the tail part of the boiler is characterized in that the flue gas subjected to heat exchange by the low-temperature economizer is used as a heat source for evaporative crystallization of the desulfurization waste water, the structure and the process are simple, the desulfurization waste water is concentrated firstly and then evaporated and crystallized, the zero discharge of the desulfurization waste water is realized, and the system has good environmental protection and economic values. Meanwhile, the flue gas waste heat is used as a heat source for concentration and evaporative crystallization, so that the gradient utilization of the flue gas waste heat can be realized; the low-cost flue gas is used as a heat source of the desulfurization wastewater multi-effect forced circulation evaporation crystallization system, so that the operation cost of the desulfurization wastewater treatment system can be effectively reduced, and the system has good economic and environmental benefits.
In the method, the flue gas at the outlet of the SCR is divided into two parts which respectively enter an air preheater and a high-temperature economizer for heat exchange, the flue gas after the heat exchange with feed water in the high-temperature economizer and the low-temperature economizer enters a heater for heating desulfurization wastewater, the flue gas after the heat exchange is mixed with the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater and then enters a fan heater for preheating air, the desulfurization wastewater is heated by an evaporation crystallization system of desulfurization wastewater by taking the flue gas as a heat source, the heated desulfurization wastewater enters a multi-effect forced circulation evaporation crystallization system for evaporation and crystallization, and the desulfurization wastewater is heated by utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas at the tail part of a boiler, so that the cascade; the low-cost flue gas is used as a heat source of the desulfurization wastewater multi-effect forced circulation evaporation crystallization system, so that the operation cost of the desulfurization wastewater treatment system can be effectively reduced, and the system has good economic and environmental benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
The system comprises a desulfurization tower 1, a triple box 2, a circulating water pump 3, a low-temperature economizer 4, a multi-effect forced circulation evaporative crystallization system 5, a centrifuge 6, a high-temperature economizer 7, a condensate pump 8, an air preheater 9, a warm air device 10, an electric dust remover 11, an SCR device 12, a one-effect heater 13, a low-pressure heater 14 and a deaerator 15.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in figure 1, the desulfurization waste water zero-discharge system for deeply utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas at the tail part of the boiler adopts bypass flue gas to enter a low-temperature economizer to heat desulfurization waste water, realizes the zero discharge of the desulfurization waste water, and comprises a flue gas waste heat utilization system and a desulfurization waste water evaporative crystallization system.
The flue gas waste heat utilization system comprises an SCR device 12, an air preheater 9, a high-temperature economizer 7, a low-temperature economizer 4, a primary heater 13 and a heater 10. The flue gas outlet of the SCR device 12 is divided into two parts which are respectively connected with the flue gas inlet of the air preheater 9 and the flue gas inlet of the high-temperature economizer 7, and the flue gas outlet of the air preheater 9 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the air heater 10. The flue gas outlet of the coal economizer 7 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the low-temperature coal economizer 4, the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature coal economizer 4 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the first-effect heater 13, the flue gas outlet of the first-effect heater 13 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the air heater 10, the flue gas outlet of the air heater 10 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the electric dust remover 11, the air inlet of the air heater 10 is connected with the axial flow fan, the air outlet of the air heater 10 is connected with the air inlet of the air preheater 9, the air outlet of the air preheater 9 is connected with the hearth, the brine inlet of the first-effect heater 13 is connected with the brine outlet of the circulating water pump 3, and the brine outlet of the first-effect heater 13 is.
The desulfurization wastewater evaporative crystallization system comprises a desulfurization tower 1, a triple box 2, a circulating water pump 3, a one-effect heater 13, a multi-effect forced circulation evaporative crystallization system 5 and a centrifuge 6; 11 exhanst gas outlet of electrostatic precipitator links to each other with 1 flue gas inlet of desulfurizing tower, 1 exhanst gas outlet of desulfurizing tower links to each other with the chimney, the brine outlet of desulfurizing tower 1 links to each other with the brine inlet of triplex case 2, the brine outlet of triplex case 2 links to each other with the brine inlet of an effect heater 13 through circulating water pump 3, the brine outlet of an effect heater 13 links to each other with the brine inlet of multiple-effect circulation evaporation crystal system 5, the brine inlet of centrifuge 6 links to each other with the brine outlet of multiple-effect circulation evaporation crystal system 5, the export of 6 dense waters of centrifuge (the higher water of concentration that comes out from centrifuge generally is dense water) links to each other with 2 desulfurization waste water inlets of.
The water supply inlet of the high-temperature economizer 7 is connected with the water supply outlet of the condensate pump 8, the water supply outlet of the high-temperature economizer 7 is connected with the water supply inlet of the next-stage heater, the water supply inlet of the low-temperature economizer 4 is connected with the water supply outlet of the low-pressure heater 14, and the water supply outlet of the low-temperature economizer 4 is connected to the high-pressure heater through the deaerator 15.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples below:
the system comprises a desulfurizing tower 1, a triple box 2, a circulating water pump 3, a low-temperature economizer 4, a multi-effect forced circulation evaporative crystallization system 5, a centrifugal machine 6, a high-temperature economizer 7, a condensate pump 8, an air preheater 9, a warm air device 10, an electric dust remover 11, an SCR device 12, a one-effect heater 13, a low-pressure heater 14 and a deaerator 15.
The flue gas at the outlet of the SCR is divided into two parts which respectively enter an air preheater 9 and a high-temperature economizer 7, the air preheater 9 heats the air and then sends the air into a hearth, the flue gas enters a fan heater 10 to further utilize the waste heat of the flue gas, the flue gas entering the high-temperature economizer 7 heats the feed water, the heated flue gas enters a low-temperature economizer 4 to preheat the feed water, the flue gas passing through the low-temperature economizer 4 enters an effective heater 13 to heat the desulfurization wastewater, the flue gas after heat exchange is mixed with the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 9 and then enters the fan heater 10 to preheat the air, and the exhaust gas of the fan heater 10 is discharged after treatment. The desulfurization wastewater is treated by the triple box 2 and then enters the one-effect heater 13 for heating, the heated desulfurization wastewater enters the multi-effect circulating evaporation crystallization system 5 for evaporation, and the heated desulfurization wastewater enters the centrifuge 6 for crystallization after evaporation.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. A desulfurization waste water zero discharge system for deep utilization of flue gas waste heat is characterized by comprising a flue gas waste heat utilization system and a desulfurization waste water evaporative crystallization system;
the flue gas waste heat utilization system comprises an SCR device (12), an air preheater (9), a high-temperature economizer (7), a low-temperature economizer (4) and a heater (10), wherein a flue gas outlet of the SCR device (12) is respectively connected with a flue gas inlet of the air preheater (9) and a flue gas inlet of the high-temperature economizer (7), and a flue gas outlet of the air preheater (9) is connected with a flue gas inlet of the heater (10); the flue gas outlet of high temperature economizer (7) links to each other with the flue gas entry of low temperature economizer (4), the flue gas outlet of low temperature economizer (4) links to each other with the flue gas entry of an effect heater (13), the flue gas outlet of an effect heater (13) links to each other with the flue gas entry of air heater (10), the flue gas outlet of air heater (10) is connected to the entry of desulfurization waste water evaporation crystallization system, the salt water entry of an effect heater (13) inserts desulfurization waste water evaporation crystallization system with the salt water export, the air inlet of air heater (10) links to each other with axial fan, the air outlet of air heater (10) links to each other with the air inlet of air preheater (9), the air outlet of air preheater (9) links to each other with furnace.
2. The desulfurization waste water zero-emission system for deep utilization of waste heat of flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the desulfurization waste water evaporative crystallization system comprises a desulfurization tower (1), a triple box (2), a circulating water pump (3), a multi-effect forced circulation evaporative crystallization system (5) and a centrifuge (6); the flue gas outlet of air heater (10) is connected to the flue gas inlet of desulfurizing tower (1), the flue gas outlet of desulfurizing tower (1) is connected to the chimney, the desulfurization waste water outlet of desulfurizing tower (1) links to each other with the desulfurization waste water inlet of triplex case (2), the salt water outlet of triplex case (2) links to each other with circulating water pump (3) salt water inlet, circulating water pump (3) salt water outlet links to each other with one effect heater (13) salt water inlet, one effect heater (13) salt water outlet links to each other with the salt water inlet of multiple-effect forced circulation evaporation crystallization system (5), the salt water outlet of multiple-effect forced circulation evaporation crystallization system (5) links to each other with centrifuge (6) salt water inlet, the dense water outlet of centrifuge (6) links to each other with the desulfurization waste water inlet of triplex case (2).
3. The desulfurization waste water zero discharge system of flue gas waste heat degree of depth utilization of claim 2, characterized in that, the flue gas outlet of warm braw ware (10) is connected to the flue gas entry of desulfurizing tower (1) through electrostatic precipitator (11).
4. The desulfurization waste water zero discharge system for deep utilization of waste heat of flue gas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a feed water inlet of the high temperature economizer (7) is connected to a feed water outlet of the condensate pump (8), and the feed water outlet of the high temperature economizer (7) is connected to a feed water inlet of the next stage heater.
5. The desulfurization waste water zero discharge system for deep utilization of waste heat of flue gas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a feed water inlet of the low-temperature economizer (4) is connected to a feed water outlet of the low-pressure heater (14), and a feed water outlet of the low-temperature economizer (4) is connected to the high-pressure heater through a deaerator (15).
6. The desulfurization waste water zero discharge method for deep utilization of flue gas waste heat is characterized in that flue gas at the outlet of an SCR device (12) is divided into two parts which respectively enter an air preheater (9) and a high-temperature economizer (7), the air preheater (9) heats air and then sends the air into a hearth, the flue gas enters a fan heater (10) to further utilize the waste heat of the flue gas, the flue gas which enters the high-temperature economizer (7) and a low-temperature economizer (4) heats feed water, the heated flue gas enters an effective heater (13) to heat desulfurization waste water of a desulfurization waste water evaporation and crystallization system, the flue gas after heat exchange is mixed with the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater (9) and then enters the fan heater (10) to preheat air, and the flue gas discharged by the fan heater (10) is treated and then discharged.
7. The desulfurization wastewater zero emission method for deep utilization of flue gas waste heat according to claim 6, characterized in that the desulfurization wastewater evaporative crystallization system comprises a desulfurization tower (1), a triple box (2), a circulating water pump (3), a multi-effect forced circulation evaporative crystallization system (5) and a centrifuge (6); a flue gas outlet of the air heater (10) is connected to a flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower (1), a flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower (1) is connected to a chimney, a desulfurization waste water outlet of the desulfurizing tower (1) is connected with a desulfurization waste water inlet of the triple box (2), a brine outlet of the triple box (2) is connected with a brine inlet of the circulating water pump (3), a brine outlet of the circulating water pump (3) is connected with a brine inlet of the first-effect heater (13), a brine outlet of the first-effect heater (13) is connected with a brine inlet of the multi-effect forced circulation evaporation crystallization system (5), a brine outlet of the multi-effect forced circulation evaporation crystallization system (5) is connected with a brine inlet of the centrifuge (6), and a concentrated water outlet of the centrifuge (6) is connected with a desulfurization waste water inlet of the triple box (2);
the desulfurization wastewater is treated by the triple box (2) and then enters a one-effect heater (13) for heating, the heated desulfurization wastewater enters a multi-effect forced circulation evaporation crystallization system (5) for evaporation, and the heated desulfurization wastewater enters a centrifugal machine (6) for crystallization after evaporation.
8. The zero discharge method of desulfurization wastewater with deep utilization of flue gas waste heat according to claim 6, characterized in that the air heater (10) preheats air to 70 ℃ and then enters the air preheater (9) to be further heated to 300 ℃.
9. The method for realizing zero emission of desulfurization wastewater by deeply utilizing the waste heat of flue gas as claimed in claim 6, wherein the amount of flue gas entering the air preheater (9) from the SCR device (12) accounts for 85% of the total amount of flue gas, and the amount of flue gas entering the high-temperature economizer (7) accounts for 15% of the total amount of flue gas.
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| CN113336287A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-09-03 | 西安交通大学 | Hot primary air waste heat utilization desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system and working method |
| CN115212706A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-10-21 | 江苏楷鼎环保装备有限公司 | Tail gas treatment method for sulfur black dye production system |
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