CN114322743A - Tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system and monitoring method - Google Patents
Tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system and a monitoring method. The system comprises a deformation monitoring module, a data transmission module, a data analysis module and an alarm module, wherein the deformation monitoring module comprises a plurality of monitoring units, each monitoring unit is erected on one cross section of the tunnel, a preset distance is arranged between every two adjacent monitoring units, and each monitoring unit comprises a radar, a vault beacon, a side wall beacon and a vault beacon; the radar is positioned on the side wall of the tunnel at a preset height from the ground; the vault beacon is positioned right above the vault of the tunnel; the side wall beacons are positioned on the other side wall of the tunnel; the arch foot beacon is positioned below the side wall beacon and close to the tunnel arch foot; the vault beacon, the side wall beacon and the arch foot beacon are omnidirectional beacons. The invention can respectively monitor the deformation quantity of the tunnel in real time under the condition of not influencing the continuity of construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system, and simultaneously relates to a corresponding tunnel deformation real-time monitoring method, belonging to the technical field of safety monitoring.
Background
In the tunnel excavation process, the settlement deformation of the arch top is generated, the deformation of the arch foot and the side wall caused by bias voltage is correspondingly generated, the surrounding rock with large expansion coefficient also has the deformation of the inverted arch, and if the deformation can not be found in time in the early stage, the tunnel collapse is often caused, and the safety accident is caused. Therefore, the tunnel being constructed needs to be monitored in real time and an alarm is issued before danger occurs.
At present, the common method is to measure the deformation quantity of the arch crown, the side wall and the arch foot of the tunnel by using total station equipment every 2 hours. However, tunnel deformation is often the displacement of submillimeter level earlier stage, when adopting the total powerstation to carry out tunnel deformation and measuring, because the construction tunnel job site often smog dust is diffuse, and in addition the inside light sight of tunnel is unsatisfactory, often need shut down behind tens of minutes, measure again. This measurement method has several disadvantages: the first is that intermittent shutdowns affect project progress; secondly, the method cannot realize real-time measurement, cannot obtain early warning information at the initial stage of tunnel deformation, and easily misses the optimal emergency window time; and thirdly, the total station belongs to a high-precision measuring instrument, is expensive, needs a special person for maintenance and use, and has higher measuring cost.
In the Chinese invention patent with the patent number ZL 201910844123.6, a method for monitoring tunnel deformation in real time based on a millimeter wave radar is provided. The method comprises the steps of dividing a section to be monitored of a tunnel into a section 1 and a section 2 … …, arranging a plurality of monitoring sections in each section, installing a vertical radar beacon at the top of each monitoring section, installing two horizontal radar beacons opposite to each other in one horizontal plane, installing a vertical radar at the bottom of each section, installing one or a pair of horizontal radars opposite to each other, connecting each vertical radar and each horizontal radar with a data acquisition and transmission instrument respectively, connecting the data acquisition and transmission instrument with a workstation in a wireless manner, and analyzing and processing radar monitoring data by the workstation, so that the vertical displacement of a vault and the clearance convergence value on each monitoring section can be monitored in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the primary technical problem of providing a tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring tunnel deformation in real time.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system, which includes a deformation monitoring module, a data transmission module, a data analysis module and an alarm module,
the deformation monitoring module is connected with the data analysis module through the data transmission module, and the data analysis module analyzes and processes monitoring data from the deformation monitoring module and sends an alarm instruction to the alarm module or sends a monitoring instruction to the deformation monitoring module;
the deformation monitoring module comprises a plurality of monitoring units, each monitoring unit is erected on one cross section of the tunnel, a preset distance is arranged between every two adjacent monitoring units, and each monitoring unit comprises a radar, a vault beacon, a side wall beacon and a vault beacon;
the radar is positioned on the side wall of the tunnel at a preset height from the ground; the vault beacon is positioned right above the vault of the tunnel; the side wall beacons are positioned on the other side wall of the tunnel; the arch foot beacon is positioned below the side wall beacon and close to the tunnel arch foot;
the vault beacon, the side wall beacon and the arch foot beacon are all-directional beacons.
Wherein preferably, the radar and the side wall beacons are located on two opposite side walls of the tunnel and are both at the arch height
At least one of (1) and (b);
the arch foot beacon is positioned at arch height
To (3).
Preferably, the deformation monitoring module further comprises a linear laser director installed at a side of the antenna of the radar, and a laser position of the linear laser director is a radar beam radiation strong point.
Preferably, the laser longitudinal angle coverage range of the linear laser director is consistent with the antenna longitudinal angle coverage range of the radar.
Preferably, the linear laser guide is rigidly connected to the radar and has an irradiation angle range of 120 °.
Preferably, the radars arranged along the whole course of the tunnel are all located on the same height horizontal plane, and the radars on the cross sections of two adjacent tunnels are located on different sides of the tunnel and are alternately placed.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for monitoring tunnel deformation in real time, including the following steps:
obtaining and recording the height H of the radar from the tunnel ground by a method of a suspension wirerHeight H of vault beacon, side wall beacon and arch foot beacon from tunnel ground1、H2、H3；
Monitoring the distances between the vault beacon, the side wall beacon, the arch foot beacon and the radar respectively to be L through the radar1、L2、L3And the micro-motion distance delta L of the vault beacon, the side wall beacon and the arch foot beacon1、ΔL2、ΔL3；
By passing
d2＝ΔL2、
Arch crown settlement d is obtained1Side wall displacement d2Arch foot displacement d3Wherein the amount of displacement d1、d2、d3The amount of displacement of the finger in the lateral or longitudinal direction;
if the amount of displacement d1、d2、d3If the values are all within the set threshold value range, continuing to monitor in real time; if the amount of displacement d1、d2、d3If any one of the above-mentioned two exceeds the threshold value range, it can give out alarmAnd (6) reporting and reminding.
Preferably, the threshold values of the vault beacon, the side wall beacon and the arch foot beacon are consistent in the same cross section of the tunnel.
Preferably, the data of different monitoring units on a plurality of continuous cross sections are compared and analyzed to find the displacement d1、d2、d3The largest cross-section, and thus the cross-section closest to the source of the induced deformation.
Preferably, a smaller threshold range is set for a section which is already constructed and is relatively stable; the threshold range is relatively increased for the area where the construction or blasting is being performed.
Compared with the prior art, the tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system and the monitoring method provided by the invention have the following technical effects: 1) the settlement amount of the vault of the tunnel, the deformation amount of the side wall and the deformation amount of the arch foot can be monitored in real time and remotely alarmed respectively under the condition that the construction continuity is not influenced; 2) deformation quantity detection of sub-millimeter level can be achieved, and both precision and accuracy are high; 3) the cost is low, the erection is convenient, and special persons are not needed to maintain the equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an installation of a deformation monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an installation of a radar in the deformation monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a radar antenna array;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an omnidirectional electromagnetic wave scattering beacon according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a linear laser pointer designed for use with a radar in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a millimeter wave radar measuring beacon jog through phase in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of a tunnel deformation real-time monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention first provides a tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system, which includes a deformation monitoring module, a data transmission module, a data analysis module, and an alarm module. The deformation monitoring module is connected with the data analysis module through the data transmission module, the data analysis module analyzes and processes monitoring data from the deformation monitoring module and sends an alarm instruction to the alarm module or sends a monitoring instruction to the deformation monitoring module.
As shown in fig. 2, in the system for monitoring deformation of a tunnel in real time provided by the present invention, the deformation monitoring module includes a plurality of monitoring units, each monitoring unit is erected on a cross section of the tunnel, the distance between each monitoring unit is 10 meters (set according to actual road conditions), and the deformation monitoring of the whole tunnel can be performed by using the monitoring units distributed in the whole tunnel.
According to subway tunnel deformation monitoring specifications and urban rail transit engineering measurement specifications (GB50308-2008), the deformation monitoring requirements of tunnels include: vault settlement and surrounding rock convergence. The vault settlement observation is that settlement observation points are arranged at the positive vault position in the tunnel, and the absolute settlement of vault surrounding rocks after the tunnel is excavated is observed visually, so that the aim of monitoring the vertical deformation condition of the vault surrounding rocks of the tunnel is fulfilled; the surrounding rock convergence observation is to measure the relative displacement of surrounding rocks on two sides in the tunnel, and according to the requirements of a design drawing, observation points are arranged on the periphery of the tunnel to monitor the change condition of the distance between the two measurement points on the periphery of the tunnel. During the construction of general full-face excavation method, at least the front arch crown (right above the arch) and the side wall (about arch height) are required
Department) and arch springing (approximate arch height)
Position) is arranged, and vault settlement and surrounding rock convergence conditions are monitored。
As shown in fig. 3, the deformation monitoring module erected on each tunnel section comprises a radar 1, a vault beacon 2, a side wall beacon 3 and a vault beacon 4. The radar 1 is positioned on the side wall of the tunnel and has a preset height (about arch height) from the ground
And) detecting the displacement change of the side wall through the position change of the radar 1. The dome beacon 2 is located directly above the dome of the tunnel (i.e. typically at the highest point on the ground) to maximise the variation in the displacement of the dome settlement detected. The side wall beacon 3 is positioned on the other side wall of the tunnel (namely, the side wall opposite to the radar 1), the installation height of the side wall beacon is consistent with that of the radar 1, and the side wall displacement can be obtained by using the simplest algorithm. Of course, one skilled in the art may also position the radar 1 and the side wall beacon 3 at different heights, for example, the radar 1 is lower than the side wall beacon 3). The arch foot beacon 4 is positioned below the side wall beacon 3 and close to the arch foot of the tunnel (about arch height)
At), the detected change in arch springing displacement may be maximized.
In the embodiment of the invention, the relative displacement of the vault beacon 2 and the radar is used as the maximum deformation in the height direction of the tunnel, so that the vault settlement condition is monitored; the relative displacement between the side wall beacon 3 and the radar is used as the maximum deformation of the tunnel in the horizontal direction; and the relative displacement between the side wall beacon 3 and the arch springing beacon 4 and the radar is used as the deformation of the arch springing displacement, so that the convergence condition of the surrounding rock is monitored.
For example, the three new marks respectively represent different sources of deformation of the tunnel, vault settlement can cause relative displacement of the vault beacon 2 and the radar, surrounding rock convergence can cause relative displacement of the side wall beacon 3, the arch foot beacon 4 and the radar, generally, in the construction process of the full-face excavation method, at least three observation points are required to be arranged at the positions of a front vault, a side wall and an arch foot, and the vault settlement and surrounding rock convergence conditions are monitored.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the radar used is a millimeter wave radar of a MIMO (Multiple-input Multiple-output) system. The radar of the MINO system has high angular resolution, and transmits transverse narrow beams and longitudinal wide beams. On the premise that the transverse narrow beam can cover the tunnel fault plane, the beam coverage area is reduced as much as possible, so that the interference of mechanical equipment moving in the construction environment on radar monitoring is reduced. The longitudinal wide beam needs to cover a scene range as large as possible so as to cover three positions of an arch crown, a side wall and an arch foot at the same time, and has certain longitudinal angle resolution capability. The working wavelength of the radar is designed to be 3.7mm, and the extremely short wavelength can enable the measurement precision of the radar on the tunnel deformation to reach a submillimeter level. The radar working bandwidth is designed to be 2GHz bandwidth, and the radar has the characteristic of high distance resolution, so that correct monitoring points in a narrow tunnel can be distinguished. The radar adopts a frequency modulation continuous wave system, has the characteristic of zero blind distance, and can monitor the displacement of a target in a tunnel close-range scene.
Referring to the radar antenna array shown in fig. 4, in the longitudinal direction of the antenna, in order to cover three beacons respectively installed on the vault, the side wall and the arch foot of the tunnel, and in order to ensure sufficient azimuth resolution, the antenna is designed to be 2-transmitting and 8-receiving longitudinal angle resolution units, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are longitudinally arranged, the transmitting antenna is arranged below the receiving antenna, in the figure, 2 is a transmitting antenna, 3 is a receiving antenna, 1 is a patch forming the transmitting antenna, and 4 is a patch forming the receiving antenna, so that the three beacons are sufficiently distinguished in the longitudinal direction, and the distance between each receiving antenna in the longitudinal direction of the antenna is enough
Namely 2.2mm, the distance between the two transmitting antennas is designed to be 8d, namely 17.6mm, the longitudinal total length of the antenna is 43mm, and the formula is shown
The longitudinal coverage angle theta of the antenna can be calculatedy120 deg.. In order to reduce the interference of mechanical equipment to radar detection during the construction process as much as possible in the transverse direction of the antenna, the transverse coverage narrow area of the tunnel is provided withThe transverse narrow beam is counted, 64 microstrip patches are used to form a 1-path transmitting or receiving path, the width of each patch of the microstrip antenna is lambda/4, namely 0.94mm, lambda is the wavelength of electromagnetic waves, the transverse spacing between the patches is 2.15mm, therefore, the transverse width of the antenna is D137.6 mm, and the transverse width is calculated according to the formula
The azimuth half-power beamwidth of the antenna can be obtained to be 1.9 deg.. In summary, the effective size of the antenna is 43 × 137.6mm, and the beam coverage is 1.9 ° × 120 °.
The dome beacon, the side wall beacon, and the arch beacon are omnidirectional electromagnetic wave scattering beacons (omnidirectional beacons), and the structures thereof are shown in fig. 5, in which 1 is a main body of the omnidirectional electromagnetic wave scattering beacon, the beacon is made of a metal material, the electromagnetic wave reflection capability is strong, and electromagnetic waves incident from various angles can be reflected in the original way. The beacon body 1 consists of 8 dihedral corner reflectors 5 in appearance, in fact as shown in fig. 6, 2 slotted circular aluminum discs 6, 7 and 2 semicircular slotted aluminum half discs 8, 9. After the main body of the omnidirectional electromagnetic wave scattering beacon is assembled, a screw 2 is additionally arranged at the bottom of the beacon main body and is used for being connected with an expansion bolt 3. When the beacon is installed, the expansion bolt 3 needs to be driven into the wall body 4 to be fixed, and then the assembled beacon main body 1 is fixed with the expansion bolt 3 through the screw 2, so that the fixation of the beacon and the wall body is achieved, and the rigid connection is guaranteed.
In order to ensure that a beam emitted by a radar can be aligned with three installed beacons, the embodiment of the invention provides a linear laser director. As shown in fig. 6, 1 is a millimeter wave radar, and 3 is a radar electromagnetic wave coverage area in the tunnel, and the beam radiation area is laterally narrow and longitudinally wide. Since the electromagnetic wave is invisible during the actual radar erection, it is more inconvenient to align the radar beam with the beacons, and the radiation area 3 of the electromagnetic wave is liable to cover none or all of the three beacons. Therefore, the linear laser director 2 is installed on the side edge of the antenna of the millimeter wave radar 1 through machining and is in rigid connection with the millimeter wave radar 1, the linear laser director serves as an important component of radar monitoring equipment, the position pointed by laser is guaranteed to be a radar beam radiation strong point through machining precision, the irradiation angle range of the linear laser director is 120 degrees, and the linear laser director is consistent with the coverage range of the longitudinal angle of the antenna of the radar. The linear laser director 2 can be used as an auxiliary beam alignment device, and can ensure that linear laser irradiated by the linear laser director is positioned on the central line of a radar radiation beam after the millimeter wave radar leaves a factory. By the guidance of the linear laser director, the monitoring invalidation caused by the fact that a radar beam cannot be aligned with three installed beacons due to installation errors can be prevented.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the operation principle of measuring the beacon jog by phase using the millimeter wave radar is shown in fig. 7. The millimeter wave radar transmits high-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic waves return to the radar receiver after being reflected by the beacon. When the radar and the beacon position are fixed and unchanged, the phase of the electromagnetic wave reaching the radar receiver is kept unchanged, and if the beacon is displaced in a distance dimension, the phase of the reaching wave changes for the radar receiving antenna. The radar can judge whether relative displacement occurs between the beacon and the radar or not by monitoring the phase shift of the fixed beacon, namely whether deformation occurs to the tunnel or not.
In the embodiment of the invention, the radar is arranged on the tunnel side wall on one side of each tunnel section, the radar is at a certain height from the ground of the tunnel, the radars arranged along the whole course of the tunnel are all positioned on the same height horizontal plane, and the radars on two adjacent tunnel cross sections are positioned on different sides of the tunnel so as to be alternately arranged (namely the radar on one cross section is arranged on the left side wall, and the radar on the other adjacent cross section is arranged on the right side wall), so that the side lobe interference of the side wall beacon to the radars on the adjacent cross sections can be avoided as much as possible. And then opening the linear laser director, and sequentially installing the vault beacon, the side wall beacon and the arch foot beacon within the irradiation range of the laser. Firstly, a vault beacon is installed right above the vault of each tunnel profile monitoring unit, and the beacon is used for measuring and calculating vault settlement information. And then, mounting a side wall beacon on the other side wall of each tunnel profile monitoring unit, wherein the mounting height of the side wall beacon is consistent with that of the radar, and the beacon is used for measuring and calculating the deformation information of the side wall. And finally, installing an arch springing beacon below each tunnel profile monitoring unit side wall beacon, wherein the beacon is used for measuring and calculating arch springing deformation information.
In addition, as shown in fig. 8, the present invention further provides a method for monitoring tunnel deformation in real time, which includes the following steps:
the deformation amount is monitored and calculated: the height H of the radar from the tunnel ground can be obtained and recorded by a method of a suspension wirerHeight H of vault beacon, side wall beacon and arch foot beacon from tunnel ground1、H2、H3. Monitoring the distance L between three beacons and radar by radar1、L2、L3And its micro-motion distance DeltaL1、ΔL2、ΔL3The monitoring result is transmitted to a large local area network of a telecom operator through a 4G wireless module installed in the radar and a base station (namely, a data transmission module) in a tunnel, the large local area network of the telecom operator can be connected with a public network, a server with a fixed domain name and an IP address is set up in the public network, the monitoring result transmitted by each monitoring radar in a concurrent mode can be received, and therefore the monitoring result can be transmitted to the cloud end in a remote mode.
And (3) calculating the deformation amount: the monitoring data is analyzed and processed in a data analysis module (e.g., a server) through the following formula
d2＝ΔL2、
Arch crown settlement d is obtained1Side wall displacement d2Arch foot displacement d3。
Wherein d is2The relative displacement change between the side wall beacon 3 and the side wall beacon 1 is directly measured by the radar, and the height of the side wall beacon 3 is consistent with that of the radar; in calculating d1And d3At the same time, it needs to be converted by displacement with d1For example, since the settlement of the target is mostly less than centimeter, it can be considered that the vault beacon 2 phase isThe elevation angle of the radar 1 is constant, so that it can be seen that there is a displacement before and after the displacement
Simple and available
In the same way, the settlement displacement of the arch springing beacon 4 can be calculated as
The transverse displacement d of the arch foot3The calculation method can be obtained by the Pythagorean theorem
The displacement d here1、d2、d3It refers to the displacement in a certain direction (transverse or longitudinal), and is not the three-dimensional displacement of the monitoring point, because the actual estimated tunnel deformation amount is estimated by estimating the deformation of the monitoring unit in a certain direction.
And (3) carrying out data analysis: and if the tunnel displacement is within the set threshold range, continuing to monitor in real time. And if any one of the monitored tunnel displacements exceeds a threshold value, remotely sending out an alarm prompt. The threshold value is selected according to different construction conditions, the threshold values of three beacons in one section are usually selected to be consistent as much as possible, different sections can be flexibly adjusted according to construction stages, for example, in the tunnel excavation process, a smaller threshold value can be selected for a section which is already constructed and is relatively stable, and the threshold value can be properly increased in an area where construction or blasting is being performed to avoid false alarm caused by construction.
Furthermore, the data of different monitoring units on a plurality of continuous cross sections can be compared and analyzed to find the displacement d1、d2、d3The largest cross-section, and thus the cross-section closest to the source of the induced deformation.
In summary, the tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system and the monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can respectively monitor the settlement of the vault, the deformation of the side wall, and the deformation of the arch foot of the tunnel in real time without affecting the continuity of the construction, and upload the monitoring results to the cloud end through remote data transmission, so as to perform remote monitoring and remote alarm on the site construction conditions. The tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system can achieve deformation amount detection at a sub-millimeter level, is low in cost and convenient to erect, and does not need a specially-assigned person to maintain equipment. The method is used for monitoring during construction, so that the erection condition is limited, the simplest and simplest installation mode is required to be adopted, and the monitoring accuracy is also ensured, so that the accuracy and simplicity of radar installation are ensured by using the linear laser director; and moreover, the position standardization of the radar and the three beacons is utilized, so that comparison and comprehensive analysis can be performed between monitoring data of the whole tunnel, and the data of a plurality of monitoring units in a distance of the tunnel are subjected to comprehensive analysis to judge the position of a source causing deformation.
The tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system and the monitoring method provided by the invention are explained in detail above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any obvious modifications thereof can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which infringes the patent right of the invention and bears the corresponding legal responsibility.
Claims (10)
1. A tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system is characterized by comprising a deformation monitoring module, a data transmission module, a data analysis module and an alarm module,
the deformation monitoring module is connected with the data analysis module through the data transmission module, and the data analysis module analyzes and processes monitoring data from the deformation monitoring module and sends an alarm instruction to the alarm module or sends a monitoring instruction to the deformation monitoring module;
the deformation monitoring module comprises a plurality of monitoring units, each monitoring unit is erected on one cross section of the tunnel, and adjacent monitoring units are spaced at a preset distance; each monitoring unit comprises a radar, a vault beacon, a side wall beacon and a vault beacon;
the radar is positioned on the side wall of the tunnel at a preset height from the ground; the vault beacon is positioned right above the vault of the tunnel; the side wall beacons are positioned on the other side wall of the tunnel; the arch foot beacon is positioned below the side wall beacon and close to the tunnel arch foot;
the vault beacon, the side wall beacon and the arch foot beacon are all-directional beacons.
2. The tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system of claim 1, wherein:
the radar and the side wall beacons are positioned on two opposite side walls of the tunnel and are both at the arch height
At least one of (1) and (b); the arch foot beacon is positioned at arch height
To (3).
3. The tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system of claim 1, wherein:
the deformation monitoring module further comprises a linear laser director which is arranged on the side edge of the antenna of the radar; and the laser pointed position of the linear laser director is a radar beam radiation strong point.
4. The tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system of claim 3, wherein:
and the laser longitudinal angle coverage range of the linear laser director is consistent with the antenna longitudinal angle coverage range of the radar.
5. The tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system of claim 4, wherein:
the linear laser guide is rigidly connected to the radar and has an angle of illumination in the range of 120 °.
6. The tunnel deformation real-time monitoring system of claim 4, wherein:
the radars arranged along the whole course of the tunnel are all located on the horizontal plane at the same height, and the radars on the cross sections of two adjacent tunnels are located on different sides of the tunnel and are alternately placed.
7. A tunnel deformation real-time monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining and recording the height H of the radar from the tunnel ground by a method of a suspension wirerHeight H of vault beacon, side wall beacon and arch foot beacon from tunnel ground1、H2、H3；
Monitoring the distances between the vault beacon, the side wall beacon, the arch foot beacon and the radar respectively to be L through the radar1、L2、L3And the micro-motion distance delta L of the vault beacon, the side wall beacon and the arch foot beacon1、ΔL2、ΔL3；
By passing
d2＝ΔL2、
Arch crown settlement d is obtained1Side wall displacement d2Arch foot displacement d3Wherein the amount of displacement d1、d2、d3The amount of displacement of the finger in the lateral or longitudinal direction;
if the amount of displacement d1、d2、d3If the values are all within the set threshold value range, continuing to monitor in real time; if the amount of displacement d1、d2、d3If any one of the parameters exceeds the threshold range, an alarm prompt is sent out.
8. The tunnel deformation real-time monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that:
and in the same cross section of the tunnel, the threshold values of the vault beacon, the side wall beacon and the arch foot beacon are consistent.
9. The tunnel deformation real-time monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that:
comparing and analyzing the data of different monitoring units on a plurality of continuous cross sections to find the displacement d1、d2、d3The largest cross-section, and thus the cross-section closest to the source of the induced deformation.
10. The tunnel deformation real-time monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that:
setting a smaller threshold range for a section which is already constructed and is relatively stable; the threshold range is relatively increased for the area where the construction or blasting is being performed.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117367302A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-01-09 | 深圳市水务工程检测有限公司 | Tunnel deformation monitoring safety early warning system and method based on three-dimensional laser scanning |
| CN118009969A (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-05-10 | 中铁七局集团武汉工程有限公司 | Disaster monitoring method based on extra-long tunnel surrounding rock |
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