CN114322060A - Waste heat deep utilization system - Google Patents
Waste heat deep utilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114322060A CN114322060A CN202210002755.XA CN202210002755A CN114322060A CN 114322060 A CN114322060 A CN 114322060A CN 202210002755 A CN202210002755 A CN 202210002755A CN 114322060 A CN114322060 A CN 114322060A
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical group [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010819 recyclable waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste heat deep utilization system, which comprises: the flue is used for discharging high-temperature flue gas outwards; the heat exchange device is arranged on the flue; the heat exchange device comprises a first heat exchange part and a second heat exchange part, and the first heat exchange part is positioned at the upstream of the second heat exchange part along the discharge direction of the flue gas in the flue; the heat pump unit is provided with a condensation side and an evaporation side; the condensation side is provided with a heat supply pipeline which supplies heat to the outside after passing through the first heat exchange part; a heat exchange pipeline is arranged on the evaporation side and passes through the second heat exchange part; the heating energy efficiency of the waste heat deep utilization system is between 7.5 and 8. According to the arrangement, the temperature of the flue gas can be reduced to below 35 ℃ from about 160 ℃, so that the heating energy efficiency of the waste heat deep utilization system is 7.5-8, and the heating temperature and the heating energy effective value of the waste heat deep utilization system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat utilization, in particular to a waste heat deep utilization system.
Background
At present, the flue gas generated by power generation contains a large amount of water vapor, and not only can a large amount of sensible heat loss be lost, but also the latent heat loss of the water vapor can be caused in the process of exhausting the flue gas outwards. In the prior art, a flue gas waste heat recovery device is usually arranged, but the heating energy efficiency is reduced while the heating outlet temperature is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a waste heat deep utilization system with increased heating efficiency while increasing heating temperature, in which the heating efficiency of a flue gas waste heat recovery device is decreased with the increase of heating temperature.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a deep waste heat utilization system, including: the flue is used for discharging high-temperature flue gas outwards; the heat exchange device is arranged on the flue; the heat exchange device comprises a first heat exchange part and a second heat exchange part, and the first heat exchange part is positioned at the upstream of the second heat exchange part along the discharge direction of the flue gas in the flue; the heat pump unit is provided with a condensation side and an evaporation side; the condensation side is provided with a heat supply pipeline which supplies heat to the outside after passing through the first heat exchange part; a heat exchange pipeline is arranged on the evaporation side and passes through the second heat exchange part; the heating energy efficiency of the waste heat deep utilization system is between 7.5 and 8.
Optionally, a water return end of the heat supply pipeline is connected with a cold water end of the condensation side, and a hot water end of the condensation side is connected with a water supply end of the heat supply pipeline through the first heat exchanging portion.
Optionally, the temperature of the flue gas is between 150 ℃ and 165 ℃ and the water dew point temperature of the flue gas is between 45 ℃ and 50 ℃.
Optionally, the first heat exchange portion is used for reducing the exhaust gas temperature of the flue gas to a preset temperature, and the preset temperature is 10 ℃ to 13 ℃ higher than the water dew point temperature of the flue gas.
Optionally, the second heat exchange part is used for reducing the exhaust gas temperature of the flue gas to 28-32 ℃.
Optionally, the temperature of the hot water in the heat supply pipeline is greater than the dew point temperature of the flue gas water.
Optionally, the water temperature of the water return end of the heat supply pipeline is between 39 ℃ and 41 ℃, and the water temperature of the water supply end of the heat supply pipeline is between 54 ℃ and 55 ℃.
Optionally, the water temperature of the hot water end of the condensation side of the heat pump unit is between 49 ℃ and 51 ℃.
Optionally, the water temperature of the heat exchange line without passing through the evaporator is between 26 ℃ and 24 ℃; the temperature of the heat exchange pipeline after passing through the evaporator is between 19 and 21 ℃.
Optionally, a first water pump is arranged on the heat exchange pipeline, and a second water pump is arranged on the heat supply pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the embodiment of the invention provides a waste heat deep utilization system, which comprises: the flue is used for discharging high-temperature flue gas outwards; the heat exchange device is arranged on the flue; the heat exchange device comprises a first heat exchange part and a second heat exchange part, and the first heat exchange part is positioned at the upstream of the second heat exchange part along the discharge direction of the flue gas in the flue; the heat pump unit is provided with a condensation side and an evaporation side; the condensation side is provided with a heat supply pipeline which supplies heat to the outside after passing through the first heat exchange part; a heat exchange pipeline is arranged on the evaporation side and passes through the second heat exchange part; the heating energy efficiency of the waste heat deep utilization system is between 7.5 and 8.
So set up, can absorb the utilization through the sensible heat energy of first heat transfer portion to the flue gas, can also absorb the utilization through the latent heat energy of second heat transfer portion to the flue gas, thereby can carry out abundant absorption and utilization to the waste heat of flue gas through heat transfer device, can heat the hot water that the heat supply pipeline finally provided, can be with the flue gas temperature by about 160 ℃ fall to about 35 ℃ below, make the heating temperature of waste heat degree of depth utilization system between 54 ℃ to 55 ℃, the efficiency of heating is between 7.5 to 8, improve the heating temperature and the heating energy efficiency value of this waste heat degree of depth utilization system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for a worker of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a waste heat deep utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a flue; 2. a heat exchange device; 21. a first heat exchanging portion; 22. a second heat exchanging portion; 3. a heat pump unit; 4. a heat supply pipeline; 5. a heat exchange pipeline.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a worker skilled in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases by a worker of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
At present, the flue gas generated by power generation contains a large amount of water vapor, and not only can a large amount of sensible heat loss be lost, but also the latent heat loss of the water vapor can be caused in the process of exhausting the flue gas outwards. In the prior art, a flue gas waste heat recovery device is usually arranged, but the heating energy efficiency is reduced while the heating outlet temperature is increased.
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a waste heat deep utilization system with increased heating efficiency while increasing heating temperature, in which the heating efficiency of a flue gas waste heat recovery device is decreased with the increase of heating temperature.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a deep waste heat utilization system, including: flue 1, heat transfer device 2 and heat pump set 3.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the flue 1 is used for discharging high-temperature flue gas outwards, and the flue 1 may be a flue 1 of a power plant, or another flue 1 capable of discharging high-temperature flue gas outwards. The heat exchange device 2 is arranged on the flue 1, the heat exchange device 2 comprises a first heat exchange part 21 and a second heat exchange part 22 which are arranged side by side, and the first heat exchange part 21 is positioned at the upstream of the second heat exchange part 22 along the exhaust direction of the flue gas in the flue 1. The heat pump unit 3 is provided with condensation side and evaporation side, the condensation side is provided with heat supply pipeline 4, and first heat transfer portion 21 sets up on the heat supply pipeline 4, makes heat supply pipeline 4 is in the process outside heat supply behind the first heat transfer portion 21. The evaporation side is provided with a heat exchange pipeline 5, and the heat exchange pipeline 5 is provided with a second heat exchange part 22, so that the return water in the heat exchange pipeline 5 passes through the second heat exchange part 22, the return water temperature is increased, and then the return water passes through the evaporation side to exchange heat with an evaporator in the evaporation side. By means of the arrangement, the heating temperature of the waste heat deep utilization system can be between 54 ℃ and 55 ℃, and the heating energy efficiency can be between 7.5 and 8.
So set up, when flue 1 outwards discharges the high temperature flue gas, because the power plant passes through flue 1 outwards exhaust flue gas temperature and usually controls at 160 ℃, so, the high temperature flue gas that is close to 160 ℃ can further heat the hot water in the heat supply pipeline 4 through first heat transfer portion 21, the hot water in the heat supply pipeline 4 carries out the heat exchange through first heat transfer portion 21 and the high temperature flue gas that is close to 160 ℃, can heat the hot water in the heat supply pipeline 4 to about 60 ℃. Since the hot water in the heat supply pipeline 4 can be used for heating users and providing domestic hot water for the users, the return water temperature in the heat supply pipeline 4 after heating can be reduced to about 40 ℃. Then, the warm water of about 40 ℃ is heated by the heat pump unit 3, can be heated to about 50 ℃, and then passes through the first heat exchanging part 21 again, so that the warm water of about 50 ℃ is heated to 55 ℃ again after passing through the first heat exchanging part 21 to exchange heat with the high-temperature flue gas, thereby being capable of circularly providing hot water for users, and ensuring that the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas is efficiently utilized.
Of course, the function of the heat supply pipeline 4 is merely illustrated in the present embodiment, and is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can change the function of the heat supply pipeline 4 according to actual situations, for example, heating or providing domestic hot water for users can achieve the same technical effect.
Further, after the high-temperature flue gas close to 160 ℃ exchanges heat with the first heat exchanging part 21, the temperature can be reduced to about 60 ℃. Then, the second heat exchanging part 22 can further exchange heat for the high-temperature flue gas at about 60 ℃, so that the waste heat of the flue gas can be fully absorbed and utilized by the heat exchanging device 2, the temperature of the flue gas can be reduced from about 160 ℃ to about 30 ℃ or lower, the heating energy efficiency of the waste heat deep utilization system is between 7.5 and 8, and the heating energy efficiency value of the waste heat deep utilization system is improved.
Further, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the water return end of the heat supply pipeline 4 is connected to the cold water end of the condensation side, and the hot water end of the condensation side is connected to the water supply end of the heat supply pipeline 4 through the first heat exchanging part 21.
Specifically, the temperature of the flue gas is between 150 ℃ and 165 ℃, and the water dew point temperature of the flue gas is between 45 ℃ and 50 ℃. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first heat exchanging part 21 is configured to reduce the exhaust gas temperature of the flue gas to a preset temperature, the preset temperature needs to be 10 ℃ to 13 ℃ higher than the water dew point temperature of the flue gas, and the second heat exchanging part 22 is configured to reduce the exhaust gas temperature of the flue gas to 28 ℃ to 32 ℃. And the temperature of the hot water in the heat supply pipeline 4 is higher than the dew point temperature of the flue gas water.
Of course, the embodiment of the present invention is only an example of the water dew point temperature of the flue gas, and is not limited thereto, and a person skilled in the art can obtain different water dew point temperatures of the flue gas according to actual situations, and can achieve the same technical effect.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the flue gas is lower than the dew point temperature of the flue gas water, condensed water in the flue gas can be precipitated, and larger latent heat is released, after the second heat exchanging part 22 exchanges heat with the heat exchanging pipeline 5, the temperature of the flue gas can be reduced to about 30 ℃ by the second-stage heat exchanger, and water at about 20 ℃ in the heat exchanging pipeline 5 can be heated to 25 ℃, and then the water at 25 ℃ enters the heat pump unit 3 to act on the evaporator. Meanwhile, the condensation side of the heat pump unit 3 can provide hot water at about 50 ℃, the hot water at about 55 ℃ is provided for users through the heat supply pipeline 4 through the first heat exchange part, and the heat supply pipeline 4 can re-enter the cooled return water at about 40 ℃ into the heat pump unit 3 and the first heat exchange part 21 for heat exchange and temperature rise.
So set up, can carry out the degree of depth absorption utilization through waste heat degree of depth utilization system to the waste heat of flue gas, can avoid among the prior art waste heat recovery device along with the problem that the efficiency that heats reduces is improved to the temperature that heats.
Further, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the water temperature at each position in the waste heat deep utilization system is as follows:
the water temperature of the water return end of the heat supply pipeline 4 is between 39 ℃ and 41 ℃, and the water temperature of the water supply end of the heat supply pipeline 4 is between 54 ℃ and 55 ℃. The water temperature of the hot water end of the condensation side is between 49 ℃ and 51 ℃. The temperature of the heat exchange line 5 without passing through the evaporator is between 26 ℃ and 24 ℃; the temperature of the heat exchange pipeline 5 after passing through the evaporator is between 19 ℃ and 21 ℃.
Of course, the water temperature of each part in the waste heat deep utilization system is only illustrated in the embodiment, and the water temperature of each part is obtained through multiple tests. However, the present embodiment is not limited to this, and those skilled in the art may change the measured water temperature according to actual conditions, and may achieve the same technical effects.
Further, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, a first water pump is disposed on the heat exchange pipeline 5, and a second water pump is disposed on the heat supply pipeline 4. Therefore, water in the pipeline can be pressurized through the first water pump and the second water pump, and normal operation of the waste heat deep utilization system is guaranteed.
The principle of calculating the heating energy efficiency value of the waste heat deep utilization system in the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
1. smoke side:
the excess air coefficient of burning natural gas is 1.5 (burning in a common internal combustion engine), the smoke temperature of the smoke waste heat lithium bromide unit is calculated according to 160 ℃, and the specific heat capacity of the smoke is 1.09kJ/kg. ℃.
In the heat exchange process in the first heat exchange part 21, the heat can be recovered from 1kg/s flue gas from 160 ℃ to 60 ℃ as follows:
QA＝1kg/s×1.09×(160-60)＝109KW。
in the heat exchange process in the second heat exchange part 22, 1kg/s of flue gas can recover heat from 60 ℃ to 30 ℃, the dew point temperature of the flue gas is 50 ℃, and the recoverable heat comprises two parts, namely sensible heat and latent heat.
Specifically, the sensible heat recovered from the temperature reduction of 60 ℃ to 50 ℃ of the flue gas is as follows:
Q1＝1kg/s×1.09×(60-50)＝10.9KW；
the latent heat recoverable from 50 ℃ down to 30 ℃ is:
q2 is 1kg/s × 4.18 × (66-24.5) 173.47KW, (50 ℃ enthalpy: 66kcal/kg, 30 ℃ enthalpy: 24.5 kcal/kg);
therefore, from 60 ℃ down to 30 ℃, the heat recovered is:
QB＝Q1+Q2＝10.9+173.47＝184.37KW。
2. hot water side:
the recyclable waste heat quantity of the compression heat pump is as follows: 184.37KW, the COP (coefficient of performance) of the compression heat pump of the system is calculated according to 5.8, and the power of hot water supplied by the compression heat pump is as follows:
184.37×5.8÷4.8＝222.78KW；
the temperature of the return water supplied from the outlet of the heat pump unit is 50 ℃/40 ℃ hot water flow:
222.78÷4.18÷(50-40)＝5.33kg/s；
the temperature of hot water which can be supplied by the waste heat deep utilization system is as follows:
109÷4.18÷5.33+50℃＝54.89℃；
therefore, the electric power input by the heat pump unit is as follows: 222.78 ÷ 5.8 ═ 38.41KW, the total power of the water pump in the waste heat deep utilization system is about: 4.0 KW.
Therefore, the COP of the waste heat deep utilization system is (222.78+ 109)/(38.41 +4) 7.87, so that the heating temperature can be increased and the heating energy efficiency value of the waste heat deep utilization system can be increased.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Variations and modifications in other variations may occur to those skilled in the art based upon the foregoing description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A waste heat deep utilization system is characterized by comprising:
the flue (1) is used for discharging high-temperature flue gas outwards;
the heat exchange device (2) is arranged on the flue (1); the heat exchange device (2) comprises a first heat exchange part (21) and a second heat exchange part (22), and the first heat exchange part (21) is positioned at the upstream of the second heat exchange part (22) along the discharge direction of the flue gas in the flue (1);
the heat pump unit (3), the said heat pump unit (3) has condensation side and evaporation side; the condensation side is provided with a heat supply pipeline (4), and the heat supply pipeline (4) supplies heat to the outside after passing through the first heat exchange part (21); a heat exchange pipeline (5) is arranged on the evaporation side, and the heat exchange pipeline (5) passes through the second heat exchange part (22);
the heating energy efficiency of the waste heat deep utilization system is between 7.5 and 8.
2. The deep waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein a return water end of the heat supply pipeline (4) is connected with a cold water end of the condensation side, a hot water end of the condensation side is connected with a cold water end of the first heat exchanging part (21), and a hot water end of the first heat exchanging part (21) is connected with a water supply end of the heat supply pipeline (4).
3. The deep waste heat utilization system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature of the flue gas is between 150 ℃ and 165 ℃, and the water dew point temperature of the flue gas is between 45 ℃ and 50 ℃.
4. The deep waste heat utilization system according to claim 3, wherein the first heat exchanging part (21) is used for reducing the exhaust gas temperature of the flue gas to a preset temperature, and the preset temperature is 10-13 ℃ higher than the water dew point temperature of the flue gas.
5. The deep waste heat utilization system of claim 4, wherein the second heat exchanging part (22) is used for reducing the smoke exhaust temperature of the smoke to 28-32 ℃.
6. Deep waste heat utilization system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the temperature of the hot water in the heat supply pipeline (4) is higher than the dew point temperature of the flue gas water.
7. The deep waste heat utilization system according to claim 6, characterized in that the temperature of the water at the water return end of the heat supply pipeline (4) is between 39 ℃ and 41 ℃, and the temperature of the water at the water supply end of the heat supply pipeline (4) is between 54 ℃ and 55 ℃.
8. The deep waste heat utilization system according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the hot water end of the condensation side is between 49 ℃ and 51 ℃.
9. A deep waste heat utilization system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the water temperature of the heat exchange line (5) when not passing through the evaporator in the evaporation side is between 26 ℃ and 24 ℃; the temperature of the heat exchange pipeline (5) after passing through the evaporator is between 19 and 21 ℃.
10. The deep waste heat utilization system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that a first water pump is arranged on the heat exchange pipeline (5) and a second water pump is arranged on the heat supply pipeline (4).
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2022
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| CN101726110A (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2010-06-09 | 清华大学 | Heatpump type gas-fired boiler waste heat recovery unit |
| CN103225834A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-07-31 | 青岛宏宇环保空调设备有限公司 | Boiler flue gas pollution discharge and waste heat recovery heat pump heating system and application method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220412 |