CN114320292B - Solution modification effect-based coal seam rock burst control method - Google Patents
Solution modification effect-based coal seam rock burst control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling coal seam rock burst based on a solution modification effect, and relates to the technical field of mine safety production. According to the invention, drilling holes are constructed on two sides of the transportation cis-slot and the return air cis-slot, and multi-point directional hydraulic fracturing is adopted to form a plurality of fracture surfaces, so that the fracture development degree of the coal body is improved, and fracture conditions are created for injecting the modifying solution into the coal body. Meanwhile, after hydraulic fracturing, a modifying solution is injected, and the modifying solution has physical and chemical effects with mineral crystals and cement between mineral particles of the coal body, so that a plurality of tiny defects are formed in the modifying solution, the elasticity and the energy storage capacity of the coal are reduced integrally, the stress state of the coal body is improved integrally, and the risk of rock burst is reduced. The method is simple to operate and high in feasibility, and has a good reference effect on preventing and controlling mine dynamic disasters such as hard coal seam rock burst, coal and gas outburst and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine safety production, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling coal seam rock burst based on a solution modification effect.
Background
The rock burst of the coal mine refers to a severe dynamic disaster caused by sudden damage of coal and rock mass at underground roadways, working surfaces and the like. The statistics shows that the number of rock burst mines being produced in China by 2019 and 6 months is 121, the productivity is about 4 hundred million t/a, and the rock burst mines play an important role in coal supply guarantee. Therefore, how to effectively prevent rock burst is a key problem to be solved in coal mine safety production. The dynamic disasters such as rock burst and the like can occur in the actually exploited coal rock mass, and the dynamic disasters are directly related to the stress conditions of the coal rock mass in the exploitation process and depend on whether the coal rock mass has a certain impact tendency or not. Regarding rock burst pressure relief prevention measures, two aspects can be started, namely, the coal seam impact tendency is reduced by changing the structure and the physical and mechanical properties of the coal rock mass; secondly, the concentration degree of static load stress is reduced, so that the high stress area is transferred to the deep part of the coal wall. The coal seam water injection technology is an effective means for rock burst prevention and control. The water injection is generally carried out in an excavated stope or an adjacent stope, so that the physical and chemical actions of water and the dissolution of water on certain minerals in a coal rock body are utilized to change the physical and mechanical properties of the coal and weaken the strength, impact tendency and energy storage capacity of a coal bed, thereby reducing the risk of rock burst.
Practice shows that coal seam water injection can reduce impact tendency in some coal mines, but the water injection effect is not obvious in some coal mines, and the water injection effect can not meet the requirement of preventing rock burst. Whether the impact tendency of coal bodies is improved after water injection is closely related to the microstructure and mineral components of the coal. For coal beds with harder coal quality, undeveloped cracks and difficult water injection, the aim of reducing the impact tendency and the rock burst danger is difficult to achieve by water injection alone, and other rock burst prevention measures are often matched.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling coal seam rock burst based on a solution modification effect.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preventing and controlling coal seam rock burst based on solution modification comprises the following steps:
step 1: in the process of tunneling, a transportation gate way and a return gate way of a working face are provided with a plurality of hydraulic fracturing drilling holes on two sides of a tunnel behind the tunneling working face, and multipoint directional hydraulic fracturing is carried out to form a plurality of fracture surfaces;
step 1.1: drilling holes are constructed on the deep part of the coal body by utilizing a drilling machine along the direction vertical to the coal wall on two sides of a stoping roadway behind a tunneling working face, wherein the diameter of the drilling holes is set to be 45-90mm, and the distance between the drilling holes is set to be 15-30m;
the drilling length of the transportation cis-slot and the return air cis-slot on the inner side of the working surface is L/2-5m, and L is the length of the working surface; the drilling length of the return air gate on one side of the coal pillar adjacent to the goaf is S-5m, and S is the width of the coal pillar; the drill length of the transportation cis-slot on the side of the unexplored solid coal is 10-20m;
step 1.2: the drill bit is withdrawn, the collapse type drilling packer and the water injection pipe are pushed to the bottom of the hole, a manual pump is used for pressurizing the packer to expand and seal the hole of the rubber cylinder, a high-pressure pump is connected with the water injection pipe, and the high-pressure pump is started until the fracturing is completed;
step 1.3: moving hydraulic fracturing equipment to the next fracturing section, repeating the step 1.2, and sequentially completing hydraulic fracturing of all fracturing points of the whole drilling hole, wherein a plurality of radial fracture surfaces are generated along the drilling hole direction; wherein the distance between adjacent cracking points is 3-5m;
the modifying solution comprises an acid solution, an alkali solution and an organic solution; the acid solution is one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid solution, the alkali solution is one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium sulfide solution, and the organic solution is sodium dodecyl sulfate solution; wherein the mass concentration of the high-concentration modified solution is 2% -5%, and the mass concentration of the low-concentration modified solution is 0.5% -2%.
Step 2: stress on-line monitoring stations are arranged on the transportation gate way and the return gate way of the working face, mining stress and coal pillar stress are monitored on line in real time, and rock burst early warning stress values are determined according to the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body;
step 2.1: a stress on-line monitoring station is arranged at intervals of 30-50m on a transportation gate way and a return air gate way of a working face, each stress monitoring station comprises a plurality of stress monitoring points, and surrounding rock stresses with different depths are monitored in real time on line; stress monitoring points are set at intervals of 5m from 7.5m of the roadway surface; the monitoring depth of the inner sides of the working surfaces of the transportation cis-slot and the return air cis-slot is 20-50m, the monitoring depth of one side of the coal pillar is the width of the coal pillar, and the monitoring depth of one side of the solid coal is 10-20m;
step 2.2: after the arrangement of the monitoring station is completed, the stress of the coal pillar and the working face is monitored on line in real time;
step 2.3: calculating a stress early warning value of the rock burst, and evaluating the impact danger level;
according to the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body, calculating the stress early warning value sigma of the rock burst v The method comprises the following steps:
σ v ＝2λR c (1)
in sigma v R is the stress early warning value of rock burst c The impact risk grade is evaluated according to the vertical stress obtained by monitoring, wherein lambda is the impact tendency coefficient and is the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body.
Step 3: after hydraulic fracturing is finished, high-pressure low-concentration modifying solution is injected into the coal seam by using the drill hole, and the modifying solution and mineral crystals and cements of the coal body produce physical and chemical effects, so that a plurality of defects are formed in the coal seam, the elasticity and the energy storage capacity of the coal are reduced, and the stress state of the coal body is integrally improved;
a high-pressure water injection pipe is fed into the hydraulic fracturing hole, and a high polymer material is adopted to seal the drilled hole, wherein the sealing length is 5-10m; connecting the rubber pipe with a water supply pipeline of the drill hole, and injecting a low-concentration modifying solution; the injection pressure is 8-10MPa, and the first injection time is 24-72 hours;
step 4: in the process of stoping tunnel tunneling and working face stoping, monitoring the stress of each position in real time; when the vertical stress obtained by monitoring is higher than a 0.8-time stress early warning value, injecting a low-concentration modified solution into the liquid injection water hole until the stress value is lower than the 0.8-time early warning value, and stopping liquid injection; and when the vertical stress obtained by monitoring is higher than a stress early warning value, injecting a high-concentration modified solution into the liquid injection water hole until the stress value is lower than an early warning value which is 0.8 times, and stopping liquid injection.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme to produce lie in:
1. the hydraulic fracturing technology provided by the invention enables the drill holes to crack under the action of high-pressure water, the water enters the coal bed under the action of water injection pressure, and in each level of weak planes such as layer-by-layer surface cutting cracks and primary cracks in the coal bed, internal water pressure is generated on the weak plane wall to generate spatial expansion so as to enable the weak planes to continuously expand and extend, and the weak planes are gradually communicated with each other in the coal bed to form a through crack network, so that the crack development degree of the coal body is improved, and the impact tendency and the stress concentration degree of the coal bed are reduced to a certain extent.
2. After hydraulic fracturing, the modified solution is injected, so that on one hand, cracks can be further developed, and on the other hand, the modified solution can permeate into the coal body and produce physical and chemical effects with the mineral crystals or cements among mineral particles of the coal body, so that internal defects of the coal body are further deepened. After the modified solution is injected into the fracture surfaces formed by the hydraulic fracturing, weakening effects are generated in the radial area and the area between the fracture surfaces, the elasticity and the energy storage capacity of the coal are reduced integrally, the stress state of the coal body is improved integrally, and therefore the risk of rock burst is effectively reduced.
3. The invention is especially suitable for hard coal seam difficult to be injected with water, which has undeveloped fracture, and can effectively control the coal seam strength, coal seam impact tendency, mining stress and rock burst dangers under the combined action of hydraulic fracturing and modifying solution.
4. After the roadway is formed, the stress of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the coal body of the working face can be monitored on line in real time, and the concentration of the injected modifying solution is dynamically adjusted according to the relation between the monitored stress and the early warning value of the rock burst stress value, so that the stress of the coal body is below the early warning value, and the occurrence of the rock burst can be effectively controlled.
5. The method is simple to operate and high in feasibility, and has a good reference effect on preventing and controlling mine dynamic disasters such as hard coal seam rock burst, coal and gas outburst and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of the in-plane drilling arrangement of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of hydraulic fracturing and stress monitoring during roadway entry according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1-goaf; 2-return air cis-slots; 3-transporting a crossheading; 4-coal pillar; 5-a roadway tunneling position; 6, drilling holes on the inner side of the working surface; 7-coal pillar side drilling; 8-fracture surface generated by hydraulic fracturing; 9-a stress monitoring probe; 10-solid coal.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The coal mine is a rock burst mine, the working face of the working face is 200m in length, and the trend length is 1300m. The thickness of the coal layer is 6m, and the uniaxial compressive strength is 20MPa. The burial depth of the working face is 600m, and a section coal pillar of 40m is reserved between the south adjacent goaf and the goaf. Adopts a comprehensive mechanical one-time mining full-height coal mining process.
A method for preventing and controlling coal seam rock burst based on solution modification comprises the following steps:
step 1: in the process of tunneling, a transportation gate way and a return gate way of a working face are provided with a plurality of hydraulic fracturing drilling holes on two sides of a tunnel behind the tunneling working face, multi-point directional hydraulic fracturing is carried out, a plurality of fracture surfaces are formed, fracture conditions are created for injecting a modifying solution into a coal body, and a drilling layout plan view is shown in figure 1;
step 1.1: drilling holes in the deep part of the coal body along the direction vertical to the coal wall on two sides of a stoping roadway behind a tunneling working face by using a common drilling machine, wherein the drilling diameter is set to be 90mm, and the drilling interval is set to be 30m;
the length of a drill hole of the transportation cis-slot and the length of a drill hole of the return air cis-slot on the inner side of the working face are 95m, the length of a drill hole of the return air cis-slot on the side of a coal pillar close to the goaf is 35m, and the length of a drill hole of the transportation cis-slot on the side of the unexplored solid coal is 15m;
step 1.2: the drill bit is withdrawn, the collapse type drilling packer and the water injection pipe are pushed to the bottom of the hole, a manual pump is used for pressurizing the packer to expand and seal the hole of the rubber cylinder, a high-pressure pump is connected with the water injection pipe, and the high-pressure pump is started until the fracturing is completed;
the hole packer in this embodiment uses a manual pump to pressurize to expand the rubber cylinder, so as to achieve the purpose of hole sealing, and the pressure required by the manual pump for hole sealing is generally about 20MPa.
Step 1.3: moving hydraulic fracturing equipment to the next fracturing section, repeating the step 1.2, and sequentially completing hydraulic fracturing of all fracturing points of the whole drilling hole, wherein a plurality of radial fracture surfaces are generated along the drilling hole direction; wherein the spacing between adjacent cracking points is 5m.
Step 2: and stress on-line monitoring stations are arranged on the transportation cis-slot and the return air cis-slot of the working face, mining stress and coal pillar stress are monitored on line in real time, and rock burst early warning stress values are determined according to the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body.
Step 2.1: a stress on-line monitoring station is arranged at intervals of 30-50m on a transportation gate way and a return air gate way of a working face, each stress monitoring station comprises a plurality of stress monitoring points, and surrounding rock stresses with different depths are monitored in real time on line; stress monitoring points are set at intervals of 5m from 7.5m of the roadway surface; the monitoring depth of the inner sides of the working surfaces of the transportation cis-slot and the return air cis-slot is 20-50m, the monitoring depth of one side of the coal pillar is the width of the coal pillar, and the monitoring depth of one side of the solid coal is 15m; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
Step 2.2: after the arrangement of the monitoring station is completed, the stress of the coal pillar and the working face is monitored on line in real time, and basic data is provided for the early warning of rock burst.
Step 2.3: calculating a stress early warning value of the rock burst, and evaluating the impact danger level;
according to the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body, calculating the stress early warning value sigma of the rock burst v The method comprises the following steps:
σ v ＝2λR c (1)
in sigma v R is the stress early warning value of rock burst c The single-axis compressive strength of the coal body is represented by lambda, the impact tendency coefficient is represented in table 1, and the stress early warning value is calculated to be 32MPa. And evaluating the impact risk level according to the magnitude of the vertical stress obtained by monitoring. Wherein the hydraulic fracturing and stress monitoring floorplan is shown in fig. 2.
Table 1 impact tendency coefficient values
Step 3: after hydraulic fracturing is finished, injecting liquid into the coal seam by using the drilling hole;
feeding a high-pressure water injection pipe into the hydraulic fracturing hole, and sealing the drilled hole by adopting a high polymer material, wherein the sealing length is 10m; connecting the rubber pipe with a water supply pipeline of the drill hole, and injecting a low-concentration modifying solution; the injection pressure is 8MPa, and the first injection time is 48 hours;
step 4: in the process of stoping tunnel tunneling and working face stoping, monitoring the stress of each position in real time; when the vertical stress obtained by monitoring is higher than a 0.8-time stress early warning value, injecting a low-concentration modified solution into the liquid injection hole until the stress value is lower than the 0.8-time early warning value, and stopping liquid injection; when the vertical stress obtained by monitoring is higher than a stress early warning value, injecting a high-concentration modified solution into the liquid injection hole until the stress value is lower than an early warning value which is 0.8 times, and stopping liquid injection;
the modified solution in the step 4 comprises an acid solution, an alkali solution and an organic solution; the acid solution can be one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid solution, the alkali solution can be one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium sulfide solution, and the organic solution can be sodium dodecyl sulfate solution;
the mass concentration of the high-concentration modified solution is 2%, and the mass concentration of the low-concentration modified solution is 0.5%.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and description of the principles of the technology being employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention in the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the specific combination of the above technical features, but encompasses other technical features formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalents without departing from the spirit of the invention. Such as the above-described features, are mutually substituted with (but not limited to) the features having similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Claims (3)
1. The method for preventing and controlling the rock burst of the coal seam based on the solution modification is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: in the process of tunneling, a transportation gate way and a return gate way of a working face are provided with a plurality of hydraulic fracturing drilling holes on two sides of a tunnel behind the tunneling working face, and multipoint directional hydraulic fracturing is carried out to form a plurality of fracture surfaces;
step 2: stress on-line monitoring stations are arranged on the transportation gate way and the return gate way of the working face, mining stress and coal pillar stress are monitored on line in real time, and rock burst early warning stress values are determined according to the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body;
step 3: after hydraulic fracturing is finished, high-pressure low-concentration modifying solution is injected into the coal seam by using the drill hole, and the modifying solution and mineral crystals and cements of the coal body produce physical and chemical effects, so that a plurality of defects are formed in the coal seam, the elasticity and the energy storage capacity of the coal are reduced, and the stress state of the coal body is integrally improved;
a high-pressure water injection pipe is fed into the hydraulic fracturing hole, and a high polymer material is adopted to seal the drilled hole, wherein the sealing length is 5-10m; connecting the rubber pipe with a water supply pipeline of the drill hole, and injecting a low-concentration modifying solution; the injection pressure is 8-10MPa, and the first injection time is 24-72 hours;
the modifying solution comprises an acid solution, an alkali solution and an organic solution; wherein the acid solution is one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid solution, the alkali solution is one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium sulfide solution, and the organic solution is sodium dodecyl sulfate solution; wherein the mass concentration of the high-concentration modified solution is 2% -5%, and the mass concentration of the low-concentration modified solution is 0.5% -2%;
step 4: in the process of stoping tunnel tunneling and working face stoping, monitoring the stress of each position in real time; when the vertical stress obtained by monitoring is higher than a 0.8-time stress early warning value, injecting a low-concentration modified solution into the liquid injection water hole until the stress value is lower than the 0.8-time early warning value, and stopping liquid injection; and when the vertical stress obtained by monitoring is higher than a stress early warning value, injecting a high-concentration modified solution into the liquid injection water hole until the stress value is lower than an early warning value which is 0.8 times, and stopping liquid injection.
2. The method for preventing and controlling coal seam rock burst based on solution modification according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1: drilling holes are constructed on the deep part of the coal body by utilizing a drilling machine along the direction vertical to the coal wall on two sides of a stoping roadway behind a tunneling working face, wherein the diameter of the drilling holes is set to be 45-90mm, and the distance between the drilling holes is set to be 15-30m;
the drilling length of the transportation cis-slot and the return air cis-slot on the inner side of the working surface is L/2-5m, and L is the length of the working surface; the drilling length of the return air gate on one side of the coal pillar adjacent to the goaf is S-5m, and S is the width of the coal pillar; the drill length of the transportation cis-slot on the side of the unexplored solid coal is 10-20m;
step 1.2: the drill bit is withdrawn, the collapse type drilling packer and the water injection pipe are pushed to the bottom of the hole, a manual pump is used for pressurizing the packer to expand and seal the hole of the rubber cylinder, a high-pressure pump is connected with the water injection pipe, and the high-pressure pump is started until the fracturing is completed;
step 1.3: moving hydraulic fracturing equipment to the next fracturing section, repeating the step 1.2, and sequentially completing hydraulic fracturing of all fracturing points of the whole drilling hole, wherein a plurality of radial fracture surfaces are generated along the drilling hole direction; wherein the distance between adjacent cracking points is 3-5m.
3. The method for preventing and controlling coal seam rock burst based on solution modification according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: a stress on-line monitoring station is arranged at intervals of 30-50m on a transportation gate way and a return air gate way of a working face, each stress monitoring station comprises a plurality of stress monitoring points, and surrounding rock stresses with different depths are monitored in real time on line; stress monitoring points are set at intervals of 5m from 7.5m of the roadway surface; the monitoring depth of the inner sides of the working surfaces of the transportation cis-slot and the return air cis-slot is 20-50m, the monitoring depth of one side of the coal pillar is the width of the coal pillar, and the monitoring depth of one side of the solid coal is 10-20m;
step 2.2: after the arrangement of the monitoring station is completed, the stress of the coal pillar and the working face is monitored on line in real time;
step 2.3: calculating a stress early warning value of the rock burst, and evaluating the impact danger level;
according to the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body, calculating the stress early warning value sigma of the rock burst v The method comprises the following steps:
σ v ＝2λR c (1)
in sigma v R is the stress early warning value of rock burst c The impact risk grade is evaluated according to the vertical stress obtained by monitoring, wherein lambda is the impact tendency coefficient and is the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body.
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| CN105492572A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2016-04-13 | Cesi化工有限公司 | Methods and compositions for use in oil and/or gas wells |
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| CN106368733A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-01 | 山东科技大学 | Gas-bearing coal mass hydrofracture and acidification combined strengthening anti-reflection assessment method |
| CN110145233A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-08-20 | 山东唐口煤业有限公司 | A kind of disaster-ridden evil collaboration control method of rock burst coal seam " boring-cutting-presses-pumping-to infuse " |
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