CN110656936A - Mine roof directional roof cutting pressure relief method based on static expanding agent - Google Patents
Mine roof directional roof cutting pressure relief method based on static expanding agent Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mine roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief method based on a static expanding agent, and relates to the technical field of mine roof control. The method comprises the steps of continuously constructing a group of a plurality of dense linear drill holes vertical to a top plate at the position needing manual control of caving along the direction of a roadway by using a drilling device in a roadway advance support section according to engineering requirements and geological conditions, and injecting a static expanding agent into the drill holes. The invention discloses a mine roof directional roof cutting pressure relief method based on a static expanding agent, which organically combines the reaction volume expansion effect of the static expanding agent and water with dense and linearly arranged drill holes based on the compressive and non-tensile mechanical properties of rocks and the stress superposition coupling effect among the dense drill holes, completes hole sealing and grouting by using a hole sealing device and a grouting system, finally realizes the formation of a through directional crack in a specific direction, namely the direction of a drill hole connecting line, and achieves the purpose of roof directional roof cutting pressure relief under the conditions of lower cost, safety and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine roof control, in particular to a static expanding agent-based mine roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief method.
Background
In most coal mine production processes in China, the top plates near the upper end and the lower end of a coal face are difficult to collapse in time along with the advance of the face under the combined supporting action of the coal pillars and the anchoring bodies, and triangular area suspended roofs with a certain area are easy to form. A series of disasters can be caused by sudden breakage of the suspended ceiling in the triangular area, potential safety hazards are generated to workers near the end, and especially in a high-gas mine, gas in a goaf can be squeezed into a working face, so that the gas on the working face is out of limit, and the safety production of the working face is seriously affected.
The same problem exists in gob roadways. The gob-side entry retaining technology is an effective way for improving the coal extraction rate and reducing resource waste, but the problems of large deformation of gob-side entries, high maintenance cost and the like generally exist in the practical application process, and the problems are caused because the suspended ceiling of a gob does not collapse in time, the stress of an overlying rock layer is transferred to the gob-side entries, so that the deformation of the gob-side entries is large, and the support is difficult.
Based on the problems, how to effectively cut off the top plate directionally at the specific position of the top plate of the roadway is a common technical approach for solving the problems of large roadway deformation caused by the overhang of a triangular area at the end of a working face, the overhang of a gob in a gob-side entry retaining and the like.
The traditional method for treating the suspended roof of the coal face end triangular area and the suspended roof of the gob side roadway mining area mainly comprises two methods, namely explosive blasting and hydraulic fracturing. The following problems are respectively present with these two methods:
the main problems of the explosive blasting method are as follows: 1. the management and transportation of explosive, detonator and other initiating explosive devices are involved, and the examination, approval and management procedures are complex. 2. When the multi-hole blasting is carried out, the dynamic disturbance is large, and the supporting object is easily damaged. 3. A large amount of toxic and harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and the like generated in the moment of blasting pollute the underground operation environment, and the requirement on ventilation is improved. 4. The blasting method adopted in a high gas mine has the possibility of inducing gas explosion, and causes great hidden danger to safe production. 5. Explosive and other initiating explosive devices are high in economic cost.
The main problems of hydraulic fracturing are: 1. the expansion direction of the hydraulic pressure crack is controlled by a three-dimensional ground stress field, the hydraulic pressure crack is greatly influenced by weak faces such as joints and cracks in a rock mass and cannot be expanded according to a preset direction, the number of generated cracks is small, and the weakening degree of the top plate is limited. 2. In the hydraulic fracturing period, other operations near the fracturing area need to be stopped for ensuring safety, and other operations are influenced to be normally carried out. 3. A whole set of hydraulic fracturing related equipment and pipelines is needed, and the economic cost is relatively high.
Therefore, in view of the above problems, there is a need to provide a new safe and efficient directional roof cutting and pressure relief method to solve the problem of treatment of the suspended roof of the working face end triangular area and the suspended roof of the gob side roadway mining area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mine roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief method based on a static expanding agent, which comprises the following steps:
step one, according to geological conditions, a drilling device is used for continuously constructing a group of multiple dense linear drill holes perpendicular to a top plate at the position needing manual control of caving along the direction of a roadway in a roadway forepoling section, the hole diameter of each drill hole is 32-75 mm, and the ratio of the construction distance of adjacent drill holes to the diameter of each drill hole is 10-30.
And step two, sequentially installing hole sealing devices at all the drill holes after construction.
And step three, mixing and stirring the static expanding agent and water in proportion, and prefabricating mixed slurry.
And step four, injecting the uniformly stirred mixed slurry into the drill hole through a grouting pipeline by using a grouting system.
And step five, stopping grouting when the outlet pressure of the grouting system is 0.1MPa, and grouting the next drill hole.
And step six, repeating the step four to the step five until the grouting of one group of drill holes is completed.
And seventhly, advancing along with the working surface, and after hole sealing and grouting of one group of drill holes are constructed, constructing the next group of drill holes.
Preferably, the drill hole in the first step is arranged in the overhang top of the end triangular region and close to the side top plate of the roadway coal pillar.
Preferably, the drilling hole in the first step is arranged at a position, close to a coal wall side top plate, of a roadway needing to be reserved in a suspended roof of the gob-side roadway.
Preferably, the number of holes per group in step one is 12-15.
Preferably, in the second step, the hole sealing device is an expansion bolt, the expansion bolt comprises a bolt main body and a nut screwed on the outer surface of the bolt main body, one end of the bolt main body extends into the drill hole, the other end of the bolt main body is a connecting end used for connecting a grouting pipeline, and the connecting end is connected with the grouting pipeline through an adapter; the bolt main body is of a hollow structure, a one-way valve is arranged in a cavity, and mixed slurry in the grouting pipeline is injected into the drill hole through the hollow cavity of the bolt main body.
Preferably, the bolt main body is sleeved with a rubber sleeve, and the rubber sleeve moves upwards to be sleeved on the thickened bolt main body when the nut is screwed.
Preferably, a circle of thread line is arranged in the circumferential direction of the rubber sleeve, the depth of the hole sealing device installed in the drill hole is determined by the fact that the thread line is slightly lower than the hole opening, and the nut is screwed down to enable the hole sealing device to be fixed in the drill hole.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the static expanding agent to the water in the third step is 2: 1.
Preferably, slip casting system includes thick liquids agitator, grouting pump and switch board in the step four, the thick liquids agitator is connected to the grouting pump entry end, and the slip casting pipeline is connected to the exit end, be provided with valve and manometer on the slip casting pipeline, the switch board is connected with thick liquids agitator, grouting pump, valve and manometer electricity respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the mine roof directional roof cutting pressure relief method based on the static expanding agent has the advantages that:
the mine roof directional roof cutting pressure relief method based on the static expanding agent provided by the invention organically combines the reaction volume expansion effect of the static expanding agent and water with the densely and linearly arranged drill holes based on the mechanical property of compression resistance and non-tensile strength of rock and the superposition coupling effect of stress among the holes, and promotes the crack caused by the rock breaking effect of the static expanding agent to penetrate in the direction of the connecting line of the axes of the drill holes to form a directional fracture surface by utilizing the rock breaking effect of the static expanding agent and the superposition coupling effect of stress among the densely and linearly arranged drill holes, so that the directional fracture of the mine roof is realized, and the aim of roof directional roof cutting pressure relief is fulfilled.
The reaction process of the static expanding agent and water in the invention is relatively mild, the disturbance to surrounding rock mass is small, no harmful gas is generated, and the safety is high.
The hole sealing device and the grouting system realize real-time hole sealing in the roof drilling and grouting process, also provide reliable guarantee for preventing grout from expanding and leaking out of the hole, and have the advantages of simple equipment installation, convenient operation and lower overall cost.
Drawings
For a clearer explanation of the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a structural principle diagram of the mine roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief method based on the static expanding agent disclosed by the invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing the structure of a plugging device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of suspended ceiling treatment cut-top drilling in an end triangular area.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 3.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of arrangement of roof cutting and drilling treatment along the side of a gob side roadway mining area.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in fig. 6.
The part names represented by the numbers or letters in the drawings are:
1-direct bottom; 2-coal bed; 3-direct roof; 4-old top; 5-working surface; 6, drilling; 7-transporting the crossheading; 8-return air crossheading; 9-gob side entry; 10-a hole sealing device; 101-a bolt body; 102-a one-way valve; 103-rubber sleeve; 104-thread path; 105-a spring washer; 106-nut; 107-clamping surface; 11-a grouting system; 111-slurry mixing tank; 112-grouting pump; 113-a control cabinet; 114-a valve; 115-pressure gauge; 116-grouting line; 117-adapter; 118-tee.
Detailed Description
The following provides a brief description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1-8 show preferred embodiments of the invention, which are each parsed in detail from different perspectives.
In view of the problems of explosive blasting and hydraulic fracturing, the invention provides a mine roof directional roof cutting pressure relief method based on a static expanding agent, and aims to provide a novel method with high safety and low cost to realize the roof directional roof cutting pressure relief.
The static expanding agent is a mixture of inorganic compound fine particle powder with various structures, the volume of the mixture is gradually increased after the mixture reacts with water, and the mixture can generate larger expansion force, and the static expanding agent is widely applied to various rock breaking projects. The reaction of the static swelling agent with water has the following characteristics: the reaction process is relatively mild, the disturbance is small, no harmful gas is generated, the operation is simple and convenient, the safety is high, and the cost is low.
Based on the mechanical property of rock compression resistance and non-tensile strength and the stress superposition coupling effect among holes, the effect of volume expansion of reaction of a static expanding agent and water is organically combined with the densely and linearly arranged drill holes 6, through controlling the distance between the drill holes 6, the through crack is formed in a specific direction, namely the direction of the connecting line of the drill holes 6, and the aim of roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief is fulfilled under the conditions of lower cost, safety and reliability.
According to the mechanical properties of compression resistance and non-tensile strength of the rock and geological conditions, dense linear drill holes 6 which are small in spacing and parallel to the direction of a roadway are continuously constructed at the position needing manual control of collapse by using a drilling device, hole sealing devices 10 are installed at the holes after a group of drill holes 6 are constructed, slurry obtained by uniformly stirring a static expanding agent and water is fed into the drill holes 6 by using a grouting system 11, and grouting is sequentially carried out on the next drill hole 6 after the slurry is filled. Because the reaction process of the static expanding agent and water is mild and slow, and the dynamic disturbance is small, the grouting of the next drilling 6 cannot be influenced by the previous drilling 6. The mixed slurry of the static expanding agent fully reacts in the closed drill hole 6, the volume is gradually increased and the hole wall begins to be extruded, when the expansion stress is greater than the tensile strength of rock on the hole wall, the hole wall begins to crack, and the crack is continuously expanded and extended along with the reaction process. As the drill holes 6 are linearly arranged and the hole intervals are smaller, a through crack is finally formed on the connecting line of the drill holes 6 under the superposition and coupling action of stress among the holes, and the purpose of directional roof cutting and pressure relief of the top plate is achieved. After the working face is pushed for a certain distance, the suspended roof at the triangular area of the end head or the suspended roof at the side of the mining area of the gob-side roadway can collapse in time under the action of the mine pressure, so that the adverse effect caused by the suspended roof is eliminated.
Example 1
And (5) treating the suspended ceiling of the triangular area at the end of the working face.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the average thickness of a coal seam 2 of a certain mine is 3m, the dip angle of the coal seam 2 is 3-8 degrees, no direct roof 3 exists, the old roof 4 is limestone, and the average thickness is 6.2 m; the direct bottom 1 is mudstone with an average thickness of 4.69 m. The transportation crossheading 7 and the return air crossheading of the working face 5 are all rectangular roadways with the clear width of 4.5m and the clear height of 3 m. During the stoping period of the working face 5, the top plate near the end head is difficult to collapse in time along with the propulsion of the working face, and a triangular area suspended ceiling with a certain area is formed.
The method for treating the suspended ceiling in the triangular area of the end by adopting a top plate directional roof cutting and pressure relief method based on a static expanding agent comprises the following specific implementation steps:
in the advance support section of a working face transportation crossheading 7 and a return air crossheading 8, fifteen groups of intensive drill holes 6 parallel to the trend of a roadway are continuously constructed in a position which is 0.5m away from a top plate of a coal pillar of the roadway and is vertical to the top plate by using an underground drilling machine, the hole diameter is 50mm, the ratio of the construction distance of adjacent drill holes 6 to the diameter of the drill holes 6 is 10, and the depth of each drill hole 6 is 6 m.
And step two, sequentially installing hole sealing devices 10 at fifteen constructed holes of the drill hole 6. Hole sealing device 10 includes expansion bolts, and expansion bolts includes bolt main part 101 and the nut 106 of spiro union in bolt main part 101 surface, and bolt main part 101 one end stretches into drilling 6, and the other end is the link that is used for connecting slip casting pipeline 116, and the link passes through adapter 117 with slip casting pipeline 116 and is connected. The bolt body 101 is a hollow structure, wherein a one-way valve 102 is arranged in the hollow cavity, and the mixed slurry in the grouting pipeline 116 is injected into the drill hole 6 through the hollow cavity of the bolt body 101. The hole sealing device 10 is formed by organically combining a hollow expansion bolt with a one-way valve 102, and the hole sealing device can be fixed in a drill hole by tightening a nut 106 and can sufficiently resist the expansion pressure generated in the reaction of mixed slurry. The check valve 102 can ensure that the grout can only enter but not exit in the grouting process, and the grout is prevented from leaking. The hole sealing device 10 is simple to install and convenient to operate, can quickly seal the drilled hole 6, realizes real-time hole sealing in the grouting process of the top plate drilled hole 6, and also provides reliable guarantee for preventing slurry from expanding and leaking out of the hole. The bolt main body 101 is sleeved with the rubber sleeve 103, when the nut 106 is screwed down, the rubber sleeve 103 moves upwards to be sleeved on the thickened bolt main body 101, so that the rubber sleeve can be tightly combined with the hole wall to resist the expansion pressure of slurry. The rubber sleeve 103 is provided with a circle of thread lines 104 in the circumferential direction, the depth of the hole sealing device 10 installed in the drill hole 6 is determined by that the thread lines 104 are slightly lower than the hole opening, and the nut 106 is screwed to fix the hole sealing device 10 in the drill hole. The outer surface of the end of bolt body 101 adjacent the connection end is provided with a clamping surface 107, and clamping of clamping surface 107 with a wrench when rotating nut 106 provides a clamping force so that bolt body 101 does not rotate.
A spring washer 105 is arranged between the nut 106 and the rubber sleeve 103, the spring washer 105 plays a role of a gasket, and simultaneously, certain thrust is provided for the rubber sleeve 103 by using the resilience of a spring, if the expansion bolt is expanded by grout and moves towards the outside of the hole, the rubber sleeve 103 continuously moves forwards under the action of the spring thrust to sleeve the thickened part of the bolt body 101 until the expansion bolt stops moving, so that the grout is prevented from flowing out of the drill hole 6.
And step three, pouring the static expanding agent and the water required by the fifteen drill holes 6 into a slurry stirring barrel according to a certain proportion, fully stirring, and prefabricating the mixed slurry.
And step four, connecting the grouting pipeline 116 with the hole sealing device 10 of the hole of the drill hole 6 through an adapter 117 (threaded rotation and quick insertion), and controlling the grouting pump 112 by using the control cabinet 113 to send the uniformly stirred mixed slurry into the drill hole 6 through the grouting pipeline 116. The grouting system 11 comprises a slurry stirring barrel 111, a grouting pump 112 and a control cabinet 113, wherein the inlet end of the grouting pump 112 is connected with the slurry stirring barrel 111, the outlet end of the grouting pump 112 is connected with a grouting pipeline 116, a valve 114 and a pressure gauge 115 are arranged on the grouting pipeline 116, the pressure gauge 115 is connected with the grouting pipeline 116 through a tee joint 118, and the control cabinet 113 is respectively electrically connected with the slurry stirring barrel 111, the grouting pump 112, the valve 114 and the pressure gauge 115. The static expanding agent and water which are prepared according to a certain proportion are uniformly stirred by a slurry stirring barrel 111 and are sent into the drill hole 6 through a grouting pump 112. The control cabinet 113 is responsible for the operation of the whole grouting system, and can realize the functions of starting and stopping the slurry stirring barrel 111, starting and stopping the pump of the grouting pump 112, and the like. This slip casting system 11 passes through the operation of 113 control thick liquids agitator 111 of switch board and grouting pump 112, can realize the even stirring of thick liquids and pump and annotate the function, and system operation is simple and convenient, and the volume is less, can wholly place on equipment train, impels quick travel along with the working face.
And step five, when the indication of a pressure gauge on a grouting pipeline 116 at the outlet of the grouting pump 112 is 0.1MPa, stopping grouting, detaching the adapter 117 and the grouting pipeline 116, and performing grouting on the next drill hole 6. In particular, the pressure in the grouting line 116 is the same as the pressure of the slurry in the borehole 6.
And step six, repeating the step four to the step five until the grouting of the group of drill holes 6 is completely finished.
And seventhly, along with the propulsion of the working face, after hole sealing and grouting of one group of drill holes 6 are completed, the next group of drill holes 6 are constructed.
Example 2
And (4) performing side suspended roof treatment on the mining area by adopting a gob-side entry retaining technology.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 6, 7, and 8, the average thickness of a coal seam 2 of a mine is 2.4m, and the dip angle is 5 ° on average. The direct roof 3 is medium-grained sandstone, the average thickness is 2.1m, and the hardness is 4.4; the old top 4 is grey sandstone, the average thickness is 4.6m, and the hardness is 6.3; the direct bottom 1 is sandy mudstone, the average thickness is 3.3m, and the hardness is 2.9-3.5. The transportation and return air crossheading 8 of the working face 5 is a rectangular roadway with the clear width of 4m and the clear height of 3 m. And the gob-side entry retaining technology is adopted to reserve the transportation gate way 7 for the next working face 5 to continue to use, and the side roof of the goaf area of the reserved transportation gate way 7 is difficult to collapse in time during the propelling period of the working face 5, so that the transportation gate way 7 has large deformation and poor supporting effect.
A top plate directional roof cutting pressure relief method based on a static expanding agent is adopted to treat the side suspended roof of the transportation gate way goaf, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
in the advance support section of the transportation crossheading 7, a group of fifteen drill holes 6 parallel to the trend of the gob-side roadway 9 are continuously constructed at the position, 0.5m away from a top plate of a roadway coal wall, of the top plate of the gob-side roadway 9 by using an underground drilling machine, the hole diameter is 50mm, the ratio of the construction distance between adjacent drill holes 6 to the diameter of each drill hole 6 is 15, and the depth of each drill hole 6 is 7 m.
And step two, sequentially installing hole sealing devices 10 at fifteen constructed holes of the drill hole 6. Hole sealing device 10 includes expansion bolts, and expansion bolts includes bolt main part 101 and the nut 106 of spiro union in bolt main part 101 surface, and bolt main part 101 one end stretches into drilling 6, and the other end is the link that is used for connecting slip casting pipeline 116, and the link passes through adapter 117 with slip casting pipeline 116 and is connected. The bolt body 101 is a hollow structure, wherein a one-way valve 102 is arranged in the hollow cavity, and the mixed slurry in the grouting pipeline 116 is injected into the drill hole 6 through the hollow cavity of the bolt body 101. The hole sealing device 10 organically combines a hollow expansion bolt with the one-way valve 102, and the hole sealing device 10 can be fixed in the borehole 6 by tightening the nut 106, so as to resist the expansion pressure generated during the reaction of the mixed slurry. The check valve 102 can ensure that the grout can only enter but not exit in the grouting process, and the grout is prevented from leaking. The hole sealing device 10 is simple to install and convenient to operate, can quickly seal the drilled hole 6, realizes real-time hole sealing in the grouting process of the top plate drilled hole 6, and also provides reliable guarantee for preventing slurry from expanding and leaking out of the drilled hole 6. The bolt main body 101 is sleeved with the rubber sleeve 103, when the nut 106 is screwed down, the rubber sleeve 103 moves upwards to be sleeved on the thickened bolt main body 101, so that the rubber sleeve can be tightly combined with the hole wall to resist the expansion pressure of slurry. The rubber sleeve 103 is provided with a circle of thread lines 104 in the circumferential direction, the depth of the hole sealing device 10 installed in the drill hole 6 is determined by that the thread lines 104 are slightly lower than the hole opening, and the nut 106 is screwed to fix the hole sealing device 10 in the drill hole 6. The outer surface of the end of bolt body 101 adjacent the connection end is provided with a clamping surface 107, and clamping of clamping surface 107 with a wrench when rotating nut 106 provides a clamping force so that bolt body 101 does not rotate.
A spring washer 105 is arranged between the nut 106 and the rubber sleeve 103, the spring washer 105 plays a role of a gasket, and simultaneously, certain thrust is provided for the rubber sleeve 103 by using the resilience of a spring, if the expansion bolt moves towards the outside of the drill hole 6 due to the expansion of slurry, the rubber sleeve 103 continuously moves forwards under the action of the spring thrust to sleeve the thickened part of the bolt body 101 until the expansion bolt stops moving, so that the slurry is ensured not to flow out of the drill hole 6.
And step three, pouring the static expanding agent and the water required by the fifteen drill holes 6 into the slurry stirring barrel 111 according to a certain proportion for fully stirring, and prefabricating the mixed slurry.
And step four, connecting the grouting pipeline 116 with the hole sealing device 10 of the hole of the drill hole 6 through an adapter 117 (threaded rotation and quick insertion), and controlling the grouting pump 112 by using the control cabinet 113 to send the uniformly stirred mixed slurry into the drill hole 6 through the grouting pipeline 116. The grouting system 11 comprises a slurry stirring barrel 111, a grouting pump 112 and a control cabinet 113, wherein the inlet end of the grouting pump 112 is connected with the slurry stirring barrel 111, the outlet end of the grouting pump 112 is connected with a grouting pipeline 116, a valve 114 and a pressure gauge 115 are arranged on the grouting pipeline 116, the pressure gauge 115 is connected with the grouting pipeline 116 through a tee joint 118, and the control cabinet 113 is respectively electrically connected with the slurry stirring barrel 111, the grouting pump 112, the valve 114 and the pressure gauge 115. The static expanding agent and water which are prepared according to a certain proportion are uniformly stirred by a slurry stirring barrel 111 and are sent into the drill hole 6 through a grouting pump 112. The control cabinet 113 is responsible for the operation of the whole grouting system 11, and can realize the functions of starting and stopping the slurry mixing tank 111, starting and stopping the pump of the grouting pump 112, and the like. This slip casting system 11 passes through the operation of 113 control thick liquids agitator 111 of switch board and grouting pump 112, can realize the even stirring of thick liquids and pump and annotate the function, and system operation is simple and convenient, and the volume is less, can wholly place on equipment train, impels quick travel along with the working face.
And step five, when the indication of a pressure gauge 115 on a grouting pipeline 116 at the outlet of the grouting pump 112 is 0.1MPa, stopping grouting, detaching the adapter 117 and the grouting pipeline 116, and grouting the next drill hole 6. In particular, the pressure in the grouting line 116 is the same as the pressure of the slurry in the borehole 6.
And step six, repeating the step four to the step five until the fifteen drill holes 6 are completely grouted.
And seventhly, along with the propulsion of the working face, after hole sealing and grouting of one group of drill holes 6 are completed, the next group of drill holes 6 are constructed.
In summary, the mine roof directional roof cutting pressure relief method based on the static expanding agent disclosed by the invention organically combines the reaction volume expansion effect of the static expanding agent and water with the intensive and linear arrangement of the drill holes based on the compressive and non-tensile mechanical properties of the rock and the superposition coupling effect of the stress between the holes, and completes hole sealing and grouting by using the hole sealing device and the grouting system, so that the through crack is finally formed in the specific direction, namely the direction of the connecting line of the drill holes, and the aim of roof directional roof cutting pressure relief is fulfilled under the conditions of lower cost, safety and reliability.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A mine roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief method based on a static expanding agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, continuously constructing a group of a plurality of dense linear drill holes (6) vertical to a top plate at a position needing manual control of caving in a roadway advance support section by using a drilling device along the roadway direction according to geological conditions, wherein the aperture of each drill hole (6) is 32-75 mm, and the ratio of the construction interval of adjacent drill holes (6) to the diameter of each drill hole (6) is 10-30;
step two, sequentially installing hole sealing devices (10) in all the orifices of the drilled holes (6) after construction;
step three, mixing and stirring the static expanding agent and water in proportion, and prefabricating mixed slurry;
step four, injecting the uniformly stirred mixed slurry into the drill hole (6) through a grouting pipeline (116) by using a grouting system (11);
step five, stopping grouting when the outlet pressure of the grouting system (11) is 0.1MPa, and grouting the next drill hole (6);
step six, repeating the step four to the step five until the group of drill holes (6) are completely grouted;
and seventhly, the construction is carried out along with the propulsion of the working face, and the next group of drill holes (6) are constructed after the hole sealing and grouting of one group of drill holes (6) are finished.
2. The mine roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief method based on the static expanding agent is characterized in that in the first step, the drill hole (6) is arranged in the overhang of the head triangular area and close to the side roof of the roadway coal pillar.
3. The mine roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief method based on the static expanding agent is characterized in that in the first step, the drill hole (6) is arranged in a gob-side roadway suspension roof, and a roadway to be reserved is close to a coal wall side roof.
4. A static expanding agent based directional roof cutting and pressure relief method for a mine roof as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the number of each set of boreholes (6) in step one is 12-15.
5. The mine roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief method based on the static expanding agent is characterized in that in the second step, the hole sealing device (10) is an expansion bolt which comprises a bolt body (101) and a nut (106) screwed on the outer surface of the bolt body (101), one end of the bolt body (101) extends into the borehole (6), the other end of the bolt body is a connecting end for connecting a grouting pipeline (116), and the connecting end is connected with the grouting pipeline (116) through a joint (117); the bolt main body (101) is of a hollow structure, a one-way valve (102) is arranged in a cavity, and mixed slurry in the grouting pipeline (116) is injected into the drill hole (6) through the hollow cavity of the bolt main body (101).
6. A mine roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief method based on a static expanding agent as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the bolt body (101) is sleeved with a rubber sleeve (103), and the rubber sleeve (103) moves upwards to be sleeved on the thickened bolt body (101) when the nut (106) is tightened.
7. A mine roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief method based on a static expanding agent as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the rubber sleeve (103) is provided with a circle of thread line (104) in the circumferential direction, the depth of the hole sealing device (10) installed in the drill hole (6) is determined on the basis that the thread line (104) is slightly lower than the hole opening, and the nut (106) is tightened to fix the hole sealing device (10) in the drill hole (6).
8. A mine roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief method based on a static expanding agent as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the mixing ratio of the static expanding agent to water in the third step is 2: 1.
9. The mine roof directional roof cutting and pressure relief method based on the static expanding agent is characterized in that a step four-in-one grouting system (11) comprises a slurry stirring barrel (111), a grouting pump (112) and a control cabinet (113), wherein the inlet end of the grouting pump (112) is connected with the slurry stirring barrel (111), the outlet end of the grouting pump is connected with a grouting pipeline (116), a valve (114) and a pressure gauge (115) are arranged on the grouting pipeline (116), and the control cabinet (113) is electrically connected with the slurry stirring barrel (111), the grouting pump (112), the valve (114) and the pressure gauge (115) respectively.
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Application publication date: 20200107 |