CN114318403A - Method for preparing platinum monoatomic material by adopting alkyl imidazole ionic liquid - Google Patents
Method for preparing platinum monoatomic material by adopting alkyl imidazole ionic liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN114318403A CN114318403A CN202111669776.9A CN202111669776A CN114318403A CN 114318403 A CN114318403 A CN 114318403A CN 202111669776 A CN202111669776 A CN 202111669776A CN 114318403 A CN114318403 A CN 114318403A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a platinum monatomic material by cyclic voltammetry by taking an alkyl imidazole ionic liquid as an electrolyte. A three-electrode system is adopted, wherein a sample prepared by composite electrodeposition is used as a working electrode, a platinum sheet is used as a counter electrode, a non-mercury wire electrode is used as a reference electrode, alkyl imidazole ionic liquid is used as electrolyte, and a platinum monoatomic atom is loaded by a Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). The composite electrode material loaded with the platinum monoatomic atom, which is prepared by adopting the alkyl imidazole ionic liquid as the electrolyte, has good hydrogen evolution catalytic activity and can be applied to the field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of monoatomic catalysts, in particular to a method for preparing a platinum monoatomic material by adopting alkyl imidazole ionic liquid.
Background
The increasing exhaustion of fossil fuels and the resulting environmental concerns have forced the search for new clean energy sources. The hydrogen energy has the advantages of high energy density, no pollution of combustion products, renewability and the like, is recognized as a green energy carrier, and is one of the most potential energy sources in the future. The development of hydrogen production technology is the first difficult problem to solve when implementing the generalization of hydrogen energy technology. Compared with the traditional hydrogen production method, the hydrogen production by electrolyzing water has the advantages of mature industrialization, no pollution, high purity of the produced hydrogen and the like, and is widely concerned, but the energy consumption is still too high. Therefore, the development of electrode materials having a low overpotential and high catalytic activity is urgently needed.
Platinum-containing catalysts are considered to be the best electrodes for the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, but their high cost and scarcity prevent their large-scale application. In recent years, researchers have been working on increasing the efficiency of platinum utilization by reducing the amount of platinum, among which monatomic catalysts (SACs) have attracted extensive research interest due to their high atom utilization and unique electronic properties for various reactions. However, the surface free energy of the monatomic platinum is high, the monatomic platinum is easy to agglomerate, the stability of the monatomic platinum is further hindered, the preparation conditions of the SACs are harsh, and the development of a novel method for controllably preparing the monatomic platinum material is of great significance.
The monoatomic platinum electrocatalyst prepared by electrodeposition has simple and convenient operation and simple process, and the obtained material can be directly used as an electrode in the hydrogen production process by water electrolysis without adhesives and conductive agents, thereby effectively improving the stability of the electrode. However, the preparation of the monatomic platinum electrocatalyst in the traditional aqueous solution has some disadvantages, such as too fast mass transfer of ions in the aqueous solution, narrow electrochemical window and the like, which causes problems of easy agglomeration of platinum monatomic or too small load capacity and the like, and finally influences the hydrogen evolution performance of the synthesized monatomic platinum electrocatalyst.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to realize the preparation of platinum monatomic material by cyclic voltammetry by using an alkyl imidazole ionic liquid as an electrolyte based on the dissolution mechanism of a platinum sheet counter electrode in an ionic liquid.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for preparing a platinum monoatomic material by adopting alkyl imidazole ionic liquid, which comprises the following steps:
dissolving nickel chloride hexahydrate, cobalt chloride hexahydrate and graphene oxide serving as raw materials in a eutectic solution to form electrolyte, and performing constant potential composite electrodeposition in a standard three-electrode system to obtain a Ni-Co-GO composite electrode material; putting the Ni-Co-GO composite electrode material into a tubular furnace for nitriding, wherein urea is used as a nitrogen source;
secondly, taking the nitrided Ni-Co-GO-N composite electrode material as a working electrode to form a three-electrode system, adding alkyl imidazole ionic liquid into an electrolytic cell containing the three-electrode system, and anchoring monatomic platinum by adopting a cyclic voltammetry method;
and step three, taking the platinum monoatomic-loaded composite electrode material prepared in the step two out of the electrolytic cell, cleaning and finally drying.
Further, in the standard three-electrode system in the step one, the reference electrode is a non-mercury wire electrode, and the counter electrode is a nickel sheet.
Further, in the step one, the working electrode in the standard three-electrode system is one of carbon cloth, foamed nickel or carbon paper.
Further, in the second step, the alkyl imidazole ionic liquid is one of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid.
Further, the addition amount of the alkyl imidazole ionic liquid is 30 mL.
Further, the cyclic voltammetry in the second step is carried out at a sweep rate of 60-100 mV/s, a voltage interval of-0.6-1.2V and a cycle number of 4000-8000.
Further, the eutectic solution in the first step is formed by dissolving choline chloride in ethylene glycol.
And further, in the three-electrode system in the second step, a platinum sheet electrode is used as a counter electrode, and a non-mercury wire electrode is used as a reference electrode.
Further, the nitriding temperature in the first step is 260-300 ℃.
Further, the cleaning process in the third step is to clean with deionized water and then clean with absolute ethyl alcohol.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
1. the alkyl imidazole ionic liquid adopted by the invention is nontoxic, degradable, recyclable, wider in electrochemical window and higher in viscosity. The solvent is used as electrolyte, and the direct preparation of the platinum monatomic material by an electrochemical method is a new green, environment-friendly and controllable synthesis process;
2. the method can effectively reduce the consumption of platinum in the composite electrode material, improve the utilization rate of the platinum and further effectively reduce the cost;
3. compared with other processes for preparing the platinum monatomic material, the preparation technology provided by the invention is simpler, the process is greatly shortened, the process is controllable, the requirement on equipment conditions is lower, and the cost is greatly reduced.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram for preparing a platinum monatomic material by using an alkyl imidazole ionic liquid according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows Pt prepared in the first embodiment of the present inventionSA-transmission electron and spherical aberration electron HAADF-STEM images of Ni-Co-GO-N composite material, in which the circles are marked with monoatomic platinum;
FIG. 3 shows Pt prepared in example two of the present inventionSATransmission electron microscopy and spherical aberration electron microscopy HAADF-STEM images of the Ni-Co-GO-N composite, in which the circles are marked with monoatomic platinum.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
Example one
In this example, a method for preparing a Pt monatomic material by using a 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid is mainly described, and a process flow is shown in fig. 1, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
dissolving 2.38g of nickel chloride hexahydrate, 1.19g of cobalt chloride hexahydrate and 0.3g of Graphene Oxide (GO) solid particles in an eutectic solution, wherein the eutectic solution is formed by dissolving choline chloride in ethylene glycol, the formed black solution is used as an electrolyte, and constant potential composite electrodeposition is carried out in a standard three-electrode system which is formed by taking a nickel sheet as a counter electrode, Carbon Cloth (CC) as a working electrode and a non-mercury wire electrode as a reference electrode, wherein the voltage is-0.6V, so as to obtain a Ni-Co-GO composite electrode material; and (2) putting the Ni-Co-GO composite electrode material into a tubular furnace for nitriding, wherein 0.3g of urea is used as a nitrogen source, and the temperature is 300 ℃, so as to obtain the nitrided Ni-Co-GO-N composite electrode material.
And step two, taking the nitrided Ni-Co-GO-N composite electrode as a working electrode, a platinum sheet electrode as a counter electrode and a non-mercury wire electrode as a reference electrode, adding 30mL of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid into an electrolytic cell containing three electrodes, and adopting a cyclic voltammetry method to anchor monatomic platinum, wherein the sweep rate is 100mV/s, the voltage interval is-0.6 to-1.2V, and the number of cycle turns is 4000.
Step three, carrying out the platinum monoatomic load composite electrode material Pt prepared in the step twoSATaking the-Ni-Co-GO-N out of the electrolytic cell, washing the-Ni-Co-GO-N with deionized water for multiple times, washing the-Ni-Co-GO-N with absolute ethyl alcohol for multiple times, and finally drying the-Ni-Co-GO-N.
Step four, material characterization: taking HAADF images of the sample prepared in the step three in STEM mode, wherein the bright spots are platinum atoms, and the monoatomic platinum is more uniformly distributed on the carrier. This illustrates the use of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([ EMIm ]]BF4) The solution is an electrolyte, and the platinum monatomic material can be prepared. Compared with other processes, the method has the advantages of simple preparation technology, low requirement on equipment conditions, greatly shortened process, controllable process and effectively reduced cost.
Example two
In this example, a method for preparing a Pt monatomic material by using a 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid is mainly described, and a process flow is shown in fig. 1, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
dissolving 4.96g of nickel chloride hexahydrate, 2.38g of cobalt chloride hexahydrate and 0.3g of Graphene Oxide (GO) solid particles in an eutectic solution, wherein the eutectic solution is formed by dissolving choline chloride in ethylene glycol, the formed black solution is used as electrolyte, and constant potential composite electrodeposition is carried out in a standard three-electrode system which is formed by taking a nickel sheet as a counter electrode, Carbon Cloth (CC) as a working electrode and a non-mercury wire electrode as a reference electrode, wherein the voltage is-0.7V, so as to obtain a Ni-Co-GO composite electrode material; and (2) putting the Ni-Co-GO composite electrode material into a tubular furnace for nitriding, wherein 0.3g of urea is used as a nitrogen source, and the temperature is 300 ℃, so as to obtain the nitrided Ni-Co-GO-N composite electrode material.
And step two, taking the nitrided Ni-Co-GO-N composite electrode as a working electrode, a platinum sheet electrode as a counter electrode and a non-mercury wire electrode as a reference electrode, adding 30mL of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid into an electrolytic cell containing three electrodes, and adopting a cyclic voltammetry method to anchor monatomic platinum, wherein the sweep rate is 100mV/s, the voltage interval is-0.6 to-1.2V, and the number of cycle turns is 6000.
Step three, the same as the first embodiment;
step four, material characterization: taking HAADF images of the sample prepared in the step three in STEM mode, wherein the bright spots are platinum atoms, and the monoatomic platinum is more uniformly distributed on the carrier. This illustrates the use of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([ BMIm]BF4) The solution is an electrolyte, and the platinum monatomic material can be prepared. Compared with other processes, the method has the advantages of simple preparation technology, low requirement on equipment conditions, greatly shortened process, controllable process and effectively reduced cost.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a platinum monoatomic material by adopting alkyl imidazole ionic liquid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dissolving nickel chloride hexahydrate, cobalt chloride hexahydrate and graphene oxide serving as raw materials in a eutectic solution to form electrolyte, and performing constant potential composite electrodeposition in a standard three-electrode system to obtain a Ni-Co-GO composite electrode material; putting the Ni-Co-GO composite electrode material into a tubular furnace for nitriding, wherein urea is used as a nitrogen source;
secondly, taking the nitrided Ni-Co-GO-N composite electrode material as a working electrode to form a three-electrode system, adding alkyl imidazole ionic liquid into an electrolytic cell containing the three-electrode system, and anchoring monatomic platinum by adopting a cyclic voltammetry method;
and step three, taking the platinum monoatomic-loaded composite electrode material prepared in the step two out of the electrolytic cell, cleaning and finally drying.
2. The method for preparing platinum monatomic material using alkylimidazolium ionic liquids of claim 1, wherein in step one, the reference electrode in the standard three-electrode system is a non-mercury wire electrode, and the counter electrode is a nickel sheet.
3. The method for preparing platinum monatomic material using alkylimidazolium ionic liquids as in claim 1, wherein the working electrode in the standard three-electrode system in step one is one of carbon cloth, foamed nickel, or carbon paper.
4. The method for preparing platinum monatomic material using an alkylimidazole ionic liquid as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step two, the alkylimidazole ionic liquid is one of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid.
5. The method for preparing platinum monatomic material using alkyl imidazole ionic liquid according to claim 4, wherein the amount of the alkyl imidazole ionic liquid added is 30 mL.
6. The method for preparing the platinum monatomic material by using the alkyl imidazole ionic liquid according to claim 1, wherein the cyclic voltammetry in the second step is performed under conditions of a sweep rate of 60 to 100mV/s, a voltage interval of-0.6 to-1.2V, and the number of cycles of 4000 to 8000.
7. The method for preparing the platinum monatomic material using the alkylimidazolium ionic liquid according to claim 1, wherein in step one, the eutectic solution is formed by dissolving choline chloride in ethylene glycol.
8. The method for preparing platinum monatomic material using alkylimidazolium ionic liquids as in claim 1, wherein in step two, the platinum sheet electrode in the three-electrode system is used as a counter electrode, and the non-mercury wire electrode is used as a reference electrode.
9. The method for preparing the platinum monatomic material by using the alkyl imidazole based ionic liquid according to claim 1, wherein the nitriding temperature in the first step is 260-300 ℃.
10. The method for preparing platinum monatomic material using alkylimidazolium ionic liquids according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning process in step three is to clean with deionized water and then with absolute ethyl alcohol.
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| CN115448428A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-09 | 上海交通大学 | Electrochemical efficient dehalogenation electrode for organic halogenated pollutants as well as preparation method and application of electrochemical efficient dehalogenation electrode |
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