CN114311731A - Segmented curing molding method for high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material - Google Patents
Segmented curing molding method for high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114311731A CN114311731A CN202111648864.0A CN202111648864A CN114311731A CN 114311731 A CN114311731 A CN 114311731A CN 202111648864 A CN202111648864 A CN 202111648864A CN 114311731 A CN114311731 A CN 114311731A
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- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 229920003192 poly(bis maleimide) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WOCGGVRGNIEDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2-prop-2-enylphenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C(CC=C)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(CC=C)=C1 WOCGGVRGNIEDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006259 thermoplastic polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003878 thermal aging Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to a segmented curing and forming method of a high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material. According to the method, the concept of the sectional molding of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material is that the curing is divided into a first-stage curing molding and a second-stage curing molding, the standard molding and curing process of the composite material is not completely executed, namely, the temperature and the pressure in a hot-pressing tank are reduced, secondary processing procedures such as machining, prepreg paving, rib gluing and core gluing can be carried out on a composite material part which is cured in one stage according to the requirements of subsequent processes, and then the unfinished curing process flow is executed according to the standard curing process. The sectional forming method of the composite material with the complex structure can shorten the process flow, improve the production and manufacturing efficiency of the part, reduce the problems of thermal deformation and thermal aging caused by long-term high-temperature treatment of the composite material and reduce the production and manufacturing cost of the composite material part on the premise of not influencing the performance and quality of the part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to a segmented curing and forming method of a high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material.
Background
Currently, resin-based composite materials are fiber-reinforced materials using organic polymers as a matrix, and usually glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, woven fabrics thereof, and the like are used as reinforcements. The resin-based composite material has the advantages of light weight, high specific strength, high specific modulus, excellent performances of corrosion resistance, heat insulation, sound insulation, impact resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the industries of aerospace, medicine, machinery, building and the like.
With the technological progress and the technical development, the development and the application of thermosetting resin-based composite materials with different temperature resistance grades are more and more extensive, such as high-temperature epoxy resin-based composite materials with the long-term use temperature of 130 ℃, conventional bismaleimide resin-based composite materials with the long-term use temperature of 150 ℃ and high-temperature bismaleimide resin-based composite materials with the long-term use temperature of 230 ℃. The autoclave curing process curve of a typical high temperature resistant bismaleimide based composite is shown in figure 1. The structural form of the composite material part is complex, and the final composite material part is usually difficult to obtain through one-time curing molding, and needs to be prepared in different processes according to the structural form of the part. Such as a typical composite article form-stiffened wall panel, is subjected to the manufacturing process shown in figure 2.
In the above flow chart, it can be seen that the whole composite material part is subjected to two curing and molding processes (the more complicated the part form is, the more curing and molding processes may be performed), and each curing process in the preparation of the conventional composite material part needs to be subjected to the complete heating and cooling process flow shown in fig. 1. The above process mainly has the following problems: firstly, the composite material is subjected to long-time high-temperature post-treatment, the post-treatment temperature interval reaches the upper limit of the long-term use temperature of the composite material, and adverse effects are generated on the thermal deformation and the thermal aging of a composite material workpiece; secondly, the multiple complete curing and forming processes greatly increase the cost of the composite material part (the manufacturing cost of the composite material part accounts for more than 50% of the overall cost), and unnecessary repeated consumption of energy, auxiliary materials and manpower is generated.
Therefore, the inventor provides a method for segmented curing and molding of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a method for segmented curing and molding of a high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material, which aims to solve the problems that the molding method in the prior art has adverse effects on thermal deformation and thermal aging of a composite material part and has high processing cost.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the method for segmented curing and molding the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material comprises the following steps:
blank preparation and assembly: assembling the laid high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin matrix composite blank in a mould;
first-stage curing molding: heating and pressurizing the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material blank and the die to complete the first-stage curing of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material blank;
secondary processing: cooling and decompressing the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin matrix composite material blank subjected to the first-stage curing, and then performing secondary processing on the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin matrix composite material blank to form a high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin matrix composite material workpiece;
second-stage curing molding, namely performing secondary heating and secondary pressurization on the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material workpiece and the mold after secondary processing so as to complete second-stage curing of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material blank;
and when the first-stage curing molding is carried out, stopping heating and pressurizing after the curing degree of the first-stage curing molding reaches the set percentage of the target curing degree value of the second-stage curing molding.
Wherein, the first stage of curing molding adopts an autoclave to carry out heating and pressurizing curing; and heating and pressurizing for curing by adopting an oven or an autoclave during the second-stage curing molding.
Wherein the set percentage is 70%.
The secondary processing of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material blank comprises machining, prepreg paving and bonding, rib bonding or core material bonding of the composite material blank subjected to the first-stage curing molding.
When the second-stage curing molding is carried out, the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material workpiece is placed in an oven and reheated to a temperature platform which is not executed in the standard curing process requirement; or placing the mixture in an autoclave for re-pressurizing and heating to a temperature platform which is not executed in the standard curing process requirement; or the high-temperature resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material workpiece is placed in an autoclave for re-curing treatment according to the complete flow of the standard curing molding process.
The resin in the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material comprises bismaleimide monomers and homologues, diallyl bisphenol A monomers and homologues, and bismaleimide resins containing thermoplastic polyimide resins and homologues.
The high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material contains a reinforcing material, wherein the reinforcing material is carbon fiber and fabric thereof, glass fiber and fabric thereof, quartz fiber and fabric thereof or aramid fiber and fabric thereof.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the technical scheme, in the curing and forming process of the composite material complex structure workpiece, the concept of high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin based composite material sectional forming is adopted, curing is divided into first-stage curing and forming and second-stage curing and forming, the standard forming and curing process of the composite material is not completely executed, the temperature and the pressure in a hot-pressing tank are reduced, one-stage curing is completed, secondary processing procedures such as machining, prepreg paving, rib gluing and core gluing can be carried out on the composite material workpiece which is cured in one stage according to the subsequent process requirements, and then the unfinished curing process flow is executed according to the standard curing process. The sectional forming method of the composite material with the complex structure can shorten the process flow, improve the production and manufacturing efficiency of the part, reduce the problems of thermal deformation and thermal aging caused by long-term high-temperature treatment of the composite material and reduce the production and manufacturing cost of the composite material part on the premise of not influencing the performance and quality of the part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high temperature resistant bismaleimide resin based composite autoclave molding process curve;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a reinforced wall plate preparation process in the method for segmented curing molding of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a curing process curve of the ZT7H/2401 stiffened wall panel in the embodiment of the method for segmented curing molding of the high-temperature resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material.
FIG. 4 is a graph of a standard autoclave molding process of ZT7H/2305 composite material in an embodiment of the method for segmented curing molding of the high temperature resistant bismaleimide resin based composite material of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for segmented curing molding of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in FIG. 5, the method for segmented curing and molding of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
blank preparation and assembly: assembling the laid high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin matrix composite blank in a mould;
first-stage curing molding: heating and pressurizing the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material blank and the die to complete the first-stage curing of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material blank;
secondary processing: cooling and decompressing the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin matrix composite material blank subjected to the first-stage curing, and then performing secondary processing on the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin matrix composite material blank to form a high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin matrix composite material workpiece;
second-stage curing molding, namely performing secondary heating and secondary pressurization on the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material workpiece and the mold after secondary processing so as to complete second-stage curing of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material blank;
and when the first-stage curing molding is carried out, stopping heating and pressurizing after the curing degree of the first-stage curing molding reaches the set percentage of the target curing degree value of the second-stage curing molding.
In the implementation, in the process of curing and forming a composite material complex structure workpiece, the concept of segmented forming of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide-based composite material is adopted, the curing is divided into the first-stage curing and forming and the second-stage curing and forming, the standard forming and curing process of the composite material is not completely executed, namely, the temperature and the pressure in the hot-pressing tank are reduced, if the curing degree of the composite material reaches over 70% of a set value, the heating and the pressurization are gradually stopped, at the moment, the first-stage curing is completed, then secondary processing procedures such as machining, prepreg paving, rib gluing, core gluing and the like can be carried out on the composite material workpiece which is cured in one stage according to the requirements of the subsequent process, and then the unfinished curing process flow is executed according to the standard curing process. The sectional forming method of the composite material with the complex structure can shorten the process flow, improve the production and manufacturing efficiency of the part, reduce the problems of thermal deformation and thermal aging caused by long-term high-temperature treatment of the composite material and reduce the production and manufacturing cost of the composite material part on the premise of not influencing the performance and quality of the part. Particularly, after the curing degree of the first-stage curing molding reaches the set percentage of the target curing degree value of the second-stage curing molding, heating and pressurizing are stopped, so that the heating and pressurizing cost in the high-temperature heating stage is saved, and the cost for preparing the whole prepreg is greatly reduced.
Specifically, in the first-stage curing molding and the second-stage curing molding, an autoclave is used for heating and pressurizing curing.
Preferably, the set percentage is 70%. It is appropriate to set the percentage to 70% in view of process and cost.
Specifically, the secondary processing of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material blank comprises the steps of machining, prepreg paving and bonding, rib bonding or core material bonding of the composite material blank subjected to the first-stage curing molding.
When the second stage of curing molding is carried out, the high-temperature resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material workpiece is placed in an oven and reheated to a temperature platform which is not executed in the standard curing process requirement; or placing the mixture in an autoclave for re-pressurizing and heating to a temperature platform which is not executed in the standard curing process requirement; or the high-temperature resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material workpiece is placed in an autoclave for re-curing treatment according to the complete flow of the standard curing molding process.
Specifically, the resin in the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material comprises bismaleimide monomers and homologues, diallyl bisphenol A monomers and homologues, and bismaleimide resins containing thermoplastic polyimide resins and homologues.
Specifically, the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material contains a reinforcing material, wherein the reinforcing material is carbon fiber and fabric thereof, glass fiber and fabric thereof, quartz fiber and fabric thereof or aramid fiber and fabric thereof.
In order to further understand the technical solution of the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, the following further detailed description is provided
Example 1:
a curved surface die with the size of 1000mm multiplied by 800mm is selected, and ZT7H/2401 carbon fiber reinforced high-temperature resistant bismaleimide resin prepreg is selected. And (3) paving and sticking the cut high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin prepreg on a mould for 40 layers. And (3) assembling the laid composite material blank in a mould, and curing by adopting an autoclave, wherein the standard curing process is shown in the attached drawing 1. After the temperature is kept at 200 ℃ for 2 hours, the temperature is reduced, the vacuum and the pressure in the autoclave are removed when the temperature in the autoclave is 60 ℃, and the composite material and the mold are integrally moved out. The DSC comparison test shows that the curing degree of the composite material is 90 percent. And adhering the ribs made of the same material to the surface of the composite material skin by using a J-345 adhesive film, reassembling the composite material reinforced wall plate, placing the composite material reinforced wall plate in an autoclave, and performing curing molding according to the curing process shown in the attached drawing 1 to finish the preparation of the composite material reinforced wall plate, wherein the preparation process of the reinforced wall plate is shown in the attached drawing 2. The complete curing profile of the composite part is shown in FIG. 3.
Example 2
A300 mm-300 mm plane die is selected, and ZT7H/2401 carbon fiber reinforced high-temperature resistant bismaleimide resin prepreg is selected. And (3) paving and sticking the cut high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin prepreg on a mould for 40 layers. And (3) assembling the laid composite material blank in a mould, and curing by adopting an autoclave, wherein the standard curing process is shown in the attached drawing 1. And after the temperature is kept at 200 ℃ for 2 hours, cooling, removing the vacuum and the pressure in the autoclave when the temperature in the autoclave is 60 ℃, and removing the composite material from the mold. The DSC comparison test shows that the curing degree of the composite material is 91 percent. Processing the composite material flat plate into a sample strip of 250mm multiplied by 25mm, then flatly placing the sample strip in an oven in a free state, heating to 230 ℃, preserving heat for 5 hours, then cooling to below 60 ℃, taking out the composite material sample strip from the oven, and completing the preparation of the mechanical property test sample of the composite material.
Example 3
A flat plate die with the size of 400mm multiplied by 400mm is selected, and ZT7H/2305 carbon fiber reinforced high-temperature resistant bismaleimide resin prepreg is selected. And (3) paving and sticking the cut high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin prepreg on a mould for 32 layers. And (3) assembling the laid composite material blank in a mould, and curing by adopting an autoclave, wherein the standard curing process is shown in the attached figure 4. And (4) after the temperature is kept at 180 ℃ for 2 hours, cooling, removing the vacuum and the pressure in the autoclave when the temperature in the autoclave is 60 ℃, and taking out the composite material laminated plate from the mold. The DSC comparison test shows that the curing degree of the composite material is 83 percent. And flatly placing the composite laminated board in an oven in a free state, heating to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 5 hours, then cooling to below 60 ℃, taking out the composite laminated board from the oven, and finishing the preparation of the composite laminated board.
It should be clear that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. For embodiments of the method, reference is made to the description of the apparatus embodiments in part. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known process techniques are omitted herein; it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should be construed as the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for segmented curing molding of a high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
blank preparation and assembly: assembling the laid high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin matrix composite blank in a mould;
first-stage curing molding: heating and pressurizing the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material blank and the die to complete the first-stage curing of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material blank;
secondary processing: cooling and decompressing the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin matrix composite material blank subjected to the first-stage curing, and then performing secondary processing on the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin matrix composite material blank to form a high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin matrix composite material workpiece;
second-stage curing molding, namely performing secondary heating and secondary pressurization on the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material workpiece and the mold after secondary processing so as to complete second-stage curing of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material blank;
and when the first-stage curing molding is carried out, stopping heating and pressurizing after the curing degree of the first-stage curing molding reaches the set percentage of the target curing degree value of the second-stage curing molding.
2. The method for segmented curing and forming of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein an autoclave is used for heating and pressurizing curing during the first-stage curing and forming; and heating and pressurizing for curing by using an autoclave or an oven during the second-stage curing molding.
3. The method for segmented curing and forming of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the set percentage is 70%.
4. The method for segmented curing and forming of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the secondary processing of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material blank comprises machining, prepreg paving, rib bonding or core material bonding of the composite material blank subjected to the first-stage curing and forming.
5. The method for segmented curing molding of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the second-stage curing molding, the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material workpiece is placed in an oven and reheated to a temperature platform that is not executed in the standard curing process requirements; or placing the mixture in an autoclave for re-pressurizing and heating to a temperature platform which is not executed in the standard curing process requirement; or the high-temperature resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material workpiece is placed in an autoclave for re-curing treatment according to the complete flow of the standard curing molding process.
6. The method for segmented curing and molding of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resin in the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material comprises bismaleimide monomers and homologues, diallyl bisphenol A monomers and homologues, and thermoplastic polyimide resin and homologues.
7. The method for segmented curing and molding of the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin-based composite material contains a reinforcing material, and the reinforcing material is carbon fiber and fabric thereof, glass fiber and fabric thereof, quartz fiber and fabric thereof, or aramid fiber and fabric thereof.
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| CN108976792A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-11 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | Graphene modified quartz sand lamination high-ductility composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110452415A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of high dispersive graphene enhancing bismaleimide resin based composites |
| CN110774613A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-02-11 | 北京玻钢院复合材料有限公司 | Bismaleimide resin matrix composite material, antenna housing and preparation method thereof |
| CN113801473A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2021-12-17 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Wave-absorbing bismaleimide resin, wave-absorbing bismaleimide resin composite material and preparation method thereof |
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