CN114296427B - Remote secondary equipment analog intelligent diagnosis method based on dispatching master station - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent diagnosis method for remote secondary equipment analog quantity based on a dispatching master station, which provides a typical analog quantity channel matching method on the basis of researching the uncertain factors of channel name inconsistency, channel configuration quantity inconsistency and the like of protection devices of different versions of relay protection factories, adopts means or methods such as on-line comparison, waveform characteristic analysis and the like to comprehensively analyze the correctness of the secondary equipment analog quantity sampling, calculating and transmission processes, timely finds defects in the aspects of secondary circuit wiring, device analog quantity, channel delay parameter setting and the like, realizes analog quantity on-line monitoring and intelligent diagnosis functions through the typical analog quantity analysis and diagnosis method of the relay protection equipment, effectively improves the accuracy and working efficiency of intelligent inspection of the power grid analog quantity, and can avoid 'false inspection' caused by human errors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent diagnosis method for remote secondary equipment analog quantity based on a dispatching master station, and belongs to the technical field of power system control.
Background
At present, auxiliary equipment for monitoring, measuring, controlling, protecting and regulating primary equipment in a power system by secondary equipment is neglected, and on-line monitoring and diagnosis are absent, so that on-line monitoring and diagnosis of the secondary equipment is required to be enhanced. Redundant information from different equipment types can be obtained from the master station side, mutual verification is carried out based on the information, and potential hidden danger and risk can be found. But related researches and technical means are not developed at present.
The conventional transformer substation acquires real-time operation information of the protection device through the information protection sub-station, the intelligent transformer substation acquires real-time operation information of secondary equipment such as a measurement and control device, a relay protection device, a self-installation device, a merging unit, an intelligent terminal and the like through a visual online monitoring and intelligent diagnosis device, and the dispatching master station can acquire analog quantity information of all relay protection devices through the station-end information protection sub-station and the secondary equipment online monitoring and intelligent diagnosis sub-station.
In recent years, as the power grid scale is larger and larger, the total amount of analog quantity collected by relay protection equipment is greatly increased, and the requirement for monitoring of monitoring personnel is higher and higher. The on-site inspection work which is regularly carried out by operation and maintenance personnel is difficult to ensure the inspection effect due to the large increase of the number of the stations and the secondary equipment, the condition of missed inspection and wrong inspection cannot be avoided, and the adverse effect is generated on the safe and stable operation of the power system.
Therefore, there is a need to conduct automatic inspection and online analysis of the operating state of secondary equipment. The analog quantity sampling of the secondary equipment is automatically patrolled, the abnormality of the analog quantity acquisition loop can be found in time, then the analysis result and the suggestion are given on line, and the on-site operation and maintenance efficiency can be greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent diagnosis method for remote secondary equipment analog quantity based on a dispatching master station, which effectively improves the accuracy and efficiency of online inspection of power grid analog quantity.
The invention aims to achieve the aim, and the aim is achieved by the following technical scheme:
s1: establishing relay protection equipment models, wherein each relay protection equipment model comprises all analog quantity channel entries and corresponding data which are acquired from a message-keeping substation or a secondary equipment online monitoring substation, and mapping names of analog quantities needing to be patrolled into normalized channel expression entries;
s2: carrying out homologous data consistency comparison on analog quantity sampling values among secondary device analog quantity and secondary system transmission links according to the same standard name;
s3: and carrying out zero sequence component characteristic analysis on phase voltage and phase current items of each relay protection device with sampling value deviation larger than an alarm threshold, wherein the zero sequence current component characteristic is as follows:
wherein: m and n represent different protection devices,、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>a, B, C phases and zero sequence current sampling values respectively representing relay protection equipment m and n;
the zero sequence voltage component is characterized by:
wherein:、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>a, B, C phases and zero sequence voltage sampling values respectively representing relay protection equipment m and n;
the zero sequence current component characteristicsE (0, 1), zero sequence voltage component ∈>∈(0，1)；
S4: the analog sampling value homologous data is calculated, and the specific formula is as follows:
，i∈(a、b、c)，j∈(a、b、c)
，i∈(a、b、c)，j∈(a、b、c)
wherein:representing phase voltage sample value deviation>Representing phase current sampling value deviation +.>、/>A, B, C phase voltage sampling values respectively representing m and n of relay protection equipment, < >>、/>A, B, C phase current sampling values respectively representing relay protection devices m and n, < >>、/>Respectively representing rated values of phase voltages and phase currents; when->>0.04 or->>0.04, carrying out zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current homology comparison on the alarm phase voltage and the alarm phase current respectively;
s5: if it is<0.04 or-><0.04, if the sampling plug-in with the protection device has a bad condition, the protection device is abnormal in sampling; otherwise, the sampling loop is broken or virtually connected to cause the device to collectAbnormal samples;
s6: a diagnosis of the difference current is made,
s6-1: the differential current items of the relay protection equipment are respectivelyAnd->Wherein i E (a, b, c), j E (a, b, c), if any ∈ ->Or->Greater than 0.04%>Recording a differential current sampling value to form a differential current operation curve;
s6-2: when the differential current of the two sets of protection devices in the duplex configuration is larger than the alarm threshold value and the differential current between the two sets of protection devices is smaller than the alarm threshold value, namely
，i∈(a、b、c)
Then phase current sampling and zero sequence component feature analysis are carried out;
s6-3: if neither the phase current sample nor the zero sequence component characteristics exceed the alarm threshold, i.e. φ <0.04，<0.04, judging that the abnormal operation condition of the protected equipment is to be noticed by operators; otherwise, judging that the sampling of the differential loop is abnormal;
s6-4: when the differential current between the two sets of protection is greater than the alarm threshold, i.eWhen the phase current sampling and the zero sequence component characteristic analysis are carried out;
s6-5: if it isWhen the phase current sampling or zero sequence component characteristics exceed the alarm threshold, i.e. φ >0.04 or>0.04, judging that the protected equipment fails;
s7: homologous data comparison result by using analog sampling value、/>Zero sequence component characterization result->、/>And differential flow diagnostic results->、/>Diagnosing the operation conditions of each link and equipment of the device sampling;
s7-1: the time characteristic data sets of the current, the voltage, the zero sequence current, the zero sequence voltage and the differential current of the protection device are respectively as follows:
s7-2: calculating the sampling value difference of an analog sampling channel loop most having a similar data source by adopting a multi-dimensional Hausdorff distance TMHD algorithm based on a time sequence;
s7-3: calculating the difference of current and voltage sampling channels、/>The calculation method comprises the following steps:
，
，
s7-4: if the ratio of the sampling value data difference of the characteristic data set and the difference value calculated by the multi-dimensional Hausdorff distance TMHD algorithm based on the time sequence is larger than the alarm threshold valueAnd generating an analog sampling value abnormality analysis report.
Preferably, the step S2 of comparing the consistency of the homologous data is specifically implemented as follows:
s2-1: alarm threshold value for analog sampling values of different devicesThe outline is defined by the number of the lines,
s2-2: analog quantity consistency comparison is carried out between the protection devices of the same type, analog quantity sampling values of the relay protection devices in double configuration are subjected to homologous comparison, and when deviation between the sampling values of the two sets of protection devices in double configuration exceeds an alarm threshold value, namely an I protection A sampling 'i' -a protection B sampling 'i' -an alarm threshold value, an alarm is given and recorded;
s2-3: analog quantity consistency comparison is carried out among different types of protection devices. And carrying out homologous comparison on analog sampling values among different types of relay protection devices, and giving an alarm and recording when deviation among sampling values exceeds an alarm threshold, namely, an I protection m sampling 'i' -an n sampling 'i' -an alarm threshold.
The invention has the advantages that: the method effectively improves the accuracy and the efficiency of online inspection of the analog quantity of the power grid, considers the problems of non-standard names of analog quantity channels, inconsistent channel sequences and the like, establishes an analog quantity comparison method and an analysis model based on a fuzzy matching algorithm, and improves the adaptability of the intelligent inspection function of the analog quantity of the relay protection equipment based on a homologous data consistency comparison algorithm, thereby effectively avoiding the error inspection caused by human errors.
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The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the analog sample value comparison flow of the relay protection device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical analog sampling analysis and diagnosis system design implementation flow for a relay protection device according to the present invention
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The realization of the invention mainly comprises the following parts: 1. a relay protection analog sampling channel matching method; 2. and (5) designing a relay protection analog quantity sampling analysis and intelligent diagnosis system. The relay protection analog quantity sampling channel matching method comprises the following steps S2-S6, wherein the steps are shown in the attached figure 1; the implementation of the relay protection analog sampling analysis and intelligent diagnosis method comprises the following steps S7-S12, as shown in figure 1.
S1: the dispatching master station acquires an analog quantity sampling value of the acquisition protection device through the information protection master station and the secondary equipment on-line monitoring master station, wherein the sampling value comprises information such as voltage amplitude and phase angle, current amplitude and phase angle, zero sequence component and differential flow of the relay protection equipment. The method is realized in two forms of acquiring data of a main station side system such as a security main station and a secondary equipment online monitoring main station on line, and the specific realization method and application scene are as follows:
s1-1: for a substation with the station end only provided with the information protection substation, the scheduling master station obtains analog quantity sampling values of relay protection equipment received by the station end information protection substation through the information protection master station system. Conventional substations typically only install a warranty substation.
S1-2: and for an intelligent substation provided with the secondary equipment on-line monitoring and intelligent diagnosis substation or intelligent recorder, the dispatching master station acquires an analog quantity sampling value of the relay protection equipment received by the station end management unit system through the secondary equipment on-line monitoring master station.
The problems that analog sampling channel names of protection devices in different factories and different periods are not corresponding, channel configuration quantity is inconsistent and the like still exist at present, and although the conditions can realize item matching artificially, the automatic matching is difficult to achieve. And the manual matching workload is huge, and the accuracy cannot be ensured.
S2: aiming at the possible problems of the analog sampling channel names, the invention provides a channel name normalization processing method based on keywords. The analog sampling channel name normalization processing mainly normalizes common non-normalized channel names, and processes various expression forms of different channel entries into normalized channel entries.
S3: different expressions protecting the same analog channel name are treated as normalized expression entries. The specific implementation method is as follows.
S4: different normalized channel expression entries are defined for different types of relay protection devices.
S4-1: the standardized channel of line protection is defined as analog sampling channel of each phase current amplitude, phase angle, each phase voltage amplitude, phase angle, zero sequence current, voltage amplitude, each phase difference current amplitude, phase angle, etc.
S4-2: the standardized channel for transformer protection is defined as analog sampling channels of current amplitude and phase angle of each phase, voltage amplitude and phase angle of each phase, zero sequence current and voltage amplitude, phase-splitting differential current amplitude, longitudinal differential current amplitude, phase-splitting differential current amplitude and the like of each side of the transformer.
S4-3: the standardized channel for bus protection is defined as an analog sampling channel for large difference flow amplitude and phase angle of each phase, small difference flow amplitude and phase angle of each phase and the like.
S4-4: the normalized channel of the auxiliary protection of the circuit breaker is defined as an analog sampling channel of the amplitude value and the phase angle of each phase of current, the amplitude value and the phase angle of each phase of voltage, the amplitude value and the phase angle of the synchronous voltage and the like.
S5: and (3) carrying out standardization processing on different names of each analog quantity channel protected by the same type, and establishing a channel name mapping dictionary library.
S5-1: sampling channels of relay protection devices such as line protection, transformer protection, bus protection, breaker protection and the like are respectively manufactured into corresponding dictionary libraries.
S5-2: the dictionary library contains simplified names or close-meaning words of the same analog sampling channel names, and different item names are uniformly named as normalized channel item names.
S5-3: and replacing the confusing characters according to the preprocessing rules. For example, the autotransformer protection split-phase differential protection A phase difference stream has different expression forms such as FXIDA, idP1A, opARemIdP A, split-phase differential A phase difference current, DPA and the like, and is collectively named as "split-phase differential A phase difference stream".
Table 1 typical non-standard analog sampling channel name processing method
S6: the invention uses analog sampling channel name matching work realized by a matching party based on a dictionary library to map different names of the same analog into normalized names in the dictionary library. The name mapping is realized mainly by adopting methods such as keyword matching, maximum length containing field matching and the like.
S6-1: and (3) a keyword matching method is adopted for each normalized channel entry to realize the initial matching of all similar channels in the telemetry value dataset. The keywords include: differential current, phase current, zero sequence current, phase voltage, zero sequence voltage. But keywords cannot identify specific problems.
S6-2: and realizing optimal entry matching work in the similar channels by a maximum length containing field matching method. The maximum length containing field matching method refers to the longest character string matching between two analog channel name character strings, and when the length of the matchable character string is greater than the length of the keyword, the maximum length matching result is approved.
S6-3: the maximum length of analog sampling channel name contains field matching method flow is shown in figure 1.
Analog sampling analysis and intelligent diagnosis system design can be carried out after the matching work of the analog sampling value channel names of the typical analog sampling values of the relay protection equipment is completed.
S7: the implementation method of the typical analog sampling analysis and diagnosis system of the relay protection equipment comprises the following steps:
s7-1: and establishing a corresponding substation model in the system according to the dispatching name of each substation, wherein each substation model corresponds to one actually operated substation.
S7-2: and all relay protection devices in each transformer substation model establish corresponding protection models according to the sequence of bus protection, breaker protection, line protection and transformer protection.
S7-3: each relay protection equipment model contains all analog channel entries and corresponding data acquired from the protection substation or secondary equipment online monitoring substation.
S7-4: and mapping the names of the analog quantity required to be patrolled into normalized channel expression entries according to S6. The channel name in each set of protection model of each transformer substation in the system is changed into a standard name.
S8: analog quantity sampling values of all secondary devices and secondary system transmission links can be subjected to homologous data consistency comparison according to the same standard name. The specific implementation method is as follows:
s8-1: alarm threshold value for analog sampling values of different devicesDemarcating. If the differential flow of the line protection in normal operation is not greater than 0.04 + ->I.e. not greater than 0.04 times the subsampled nominal value. The alarm threshold in the invention is set to be 0.04 times of the subsampling rated value.
S8-2: analog quantity consistency comparison is carried out between the protection devices of the same type. And carrying out homology comparison on analog sampling values of the relay protection device in double configuration, and giving an alarm and recording when the deviation between the sampling values of the two sets of protection devices in double configuration exceeds an alarm threshold, namely an I protection A sampling 'i' -a protection B sampling 'i' | > alarm threshold.
S8-3: analog quantity consistency comparison is carried out among different types of protection devices. And carrying out homologous comparison on analog sampling values among different types of relay protection devices, and giving an alarm and recording when deviation among sampling values exceeds an alarm threshold, namely, an I protection m sampling 'i' -an n sampling 'i' -an alarm threshold.
S8-4: the analog sampling value and the homologous data consistency ratio are shown in the flow chart 2.
S9: and automatically carrying out zero sequence component characteristic analysis on phase voltage and phase current items of each relay protection device with sampling value deviation larger than an alarm threshold value.
、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>Represents the sampled values of the voltage and the current of the relay protection equipment A, B, C phase respectively, < >>、、/>、/>、/>、/>Representing positive sequence, negative sequence, zero sequence voltage and positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence current, respectively.
S9-1: according to
、/>
It is possible to obtain a solution that,(zero sequence current is the phasor sum of current values of each phase),(zero sequence voltage is the phasor sum of the voltage values of each phase).
S9-2: square the two sides of the upper part to obtain
Defining the zero sequence current component characteristics as
Defining the zero sequence current component characteristics as
Zero sequence current component characteristicsE (0, 1), likewise zero-sequence voltage component ∈>∈(0，1)。
S9-3: two sets of comparison protection devices are respectively m and n,
，i∈(a、b、c)，j∈(a、b、c)
，i∈(a、b、c)，j∈(a、b、c)
when (when)>0.04 or->>0.04, carrying out zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current homology comparison on the alarm phase voltage and the alarm phase current respectively;
s9-4: if it is<0.04 or-><0.04, if the sampling plug-in with the protection device has a bad condition, the protection device is abnormal in sampling; otherwise, the sampling loop is disconnected or in a virtual connection state, so that the device is abnormal in sampling.
S10: and diagnosing the differential current.
S10-1: two sets of protection devices for comparison are respectively m and nThe differential current items of the two sets of relay protection equipment are respectivelyAnd->Where i e (a, b, c) and j e (a, b, c). If there is +.>Or->Greater than 0.04%>And recording a differential current sampling value to form a differential current operation curve.
S10-2: when the differential current of the two sets of protection devices in the duplex configuration is larger than the alarm threshold value and the differential current between the two sets of protection devices is smaller than the alarm threshold value, namely
，i∈(a、b、c)
And (5) automatically performing phase current sampling and zero sequence component characteristic analysis.
S10-3: if neither the phase current sample nor the zero sequence component characteristics exceed the alarm threshold, i.e. Iphi<0.04，<0.04, judging that the abnormal operation condition of the protected equipment is to be noticed by operators; otherwise, judging that the sampling of the differential loop is abnormal.
S10-4: when the differential current between the two sets of protection is greater than the alarm threshold, i.eAnd during the process, phase current sampling and zero sequence component characteristic analysis are automatically performed.
S10-5: if the phase current sampling or zero sequence component characteristics exceed the alarm threshold, i.e. Iphi>0.04 or>And 0.04, judging that the protected equipment fails.
S11: comprehensively considering comparison results of analog quantity sampling value homologous data in S8-S10、/>Zero sequence component characterization result->、/>And differential flow diagnostic results->、/>And intelligent diagnosis is carried out on each link and equipment operation condition of the device sampling.
S11-1: considering the time distribution characteristics of the sampled values sent by the protection device, the time characteristic data sets of the current, the voltage, the zero sequence current, the zero sequence voltage and the differential current are respectively
S11-2: and calculating the sampling value difference of the analog sampling channel loop most having a similar data source by adopting a multi-dimensional Hausdorff distance TMHD algorithm based on a time sequence.
S11-3: let the differences of the current and voltage sampling channels be respectively、/>The calculation method is respectively
，
，
S11-4: if the ratio of the sampling value data difference of the characteristic data set and the difference value calculated by the multi-dimensional Hausdorff distance TMHD algorithm based on the time sequence is larger than the alarm threshold valueAnd automatically generating an analog sampling value abnormality analysis report.
S12: and manually checking whether the abnormality of the analog sampling value can endanger the safe and stable operation of the relay protection equipment, and giving a judgment conclusion.
S13: through the steps S7-S11, an implementation flow of an on-line analysis and diagnosis system for typical analog sampling values of relay protection equipment is established, and a system design diagram is shown in fig. 2.
Claims (2)
1. The intelligent diagnosis method for the remote secondary equipment analog quantity based on the dispatching master station is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: establishing relay protection equipment models, wherein each relay protection equipment model comprises all analog quantity channel entries and corresponding data which are acquired from a message-keeping substation or a secondary equipment online monitoring substation, and mapping names of analog quantities needing to be patrolled into normalized channel expression entries;
s2: carrying out homologous data consistency comparison on analog quantity sampling values among secondary device analog quantity and secondary system transmission links according to the same standard name;
s3: and carrying out zero sequence component characteristic analysis on phase voltage and phase current items of each relay protection device with sampling value deviation larger than an alarm threshold, wherein the zero sequence current component characteristic is as follows:
wherein: m and n represent different protection devices,、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>a, B, C phases and zero sequence current sampling values respectively representing relay protection equipment m and n;
the zero sequence voltage component is characterized by:
wherein:、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>a, B, C phases and zero sequence voltage sampling values respectively representing relay protection equipment m and n;
the zero sequence current component characteristicsE (0, 1), zero sequence voltage component ∈>∈(0，1)；
S4: the analog sampling value homologous data is calculated, and the specific formula is as follows:
，i∈(a、b、c)，j∈(a、b、c)
，i∈(a、b、c)，j∈(a、b、c)
wherein:representing phase voltage sample value deviation>Representing phase current sampling value deviation +.>、/>A, B, C phase voltage sampling values respectively representing m and n of relay protection equipment, < >>、/>A, B, C phase current sampling values respectively representing relay protection devices m and n, < >>、/>Respectively representing rated values of phase voltages and phase currents; when->>0.04 or->>0.04, carrying out zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current homology comparison on the alarm phase voltage and the alarm phase current respectively;
s5: if it is<0.04 or-><0.04, if the sampling plug-in with the protection device has a bad condition, the protection device is abnormal in sampling; otherwise, the sampling loop is disconnected or virtual connection, so that the sampling of the device is abnormal;
s6: a diagnosis of the difference current is made,
s6-1: the differential current items of the relay protection equipment are respectivelyAnd->Wherein i E (a, b, c), j E (a, b, c), if any ∈ ->Or->Greater than 0.04%>Recording a differential current sampling value to form a differential current operation curve;
s6-2: when the differential current of the two sets of protection devices in the duplex configuration is larger than the alarm threshold value and the differential current between the two sets of protection devices is smaller than the alarm threshold value, namely
，i∈(a、b、c)
Then phase current sampling and zero sequence component feature analysis are carried out;
s6-3: if neither the phase current sample nor the zero sequence component characteristics exceed the alarm threshold, i.e. φ <0.04，<0.04, judging that the abnormal operation condition of the protected equipment is to be noticed by operators; otherwise, judging that the sampling of the differential loop is abnormal;
s6-4: when the differential current between the two sets of protection is greater than the alarm threshold, i.eWhen the phase current sampling and the zero sequence component characteristic analysis are carried out;
s6-5: if the phase current sampling or zero sequence component characteristics exceed the alarm threshold, i.e.) φ >0.04 or>0.04, judging that the protected equipment fails;
s7: homologous data comparison result by using analog sampling value、/>Zero sequence component characterization result->、/>And differential flow diagnostic results->、/>Diagnosing the operation conditions of each link and equipment of the device sampling;
s7-1: the time characteristic data sets of the current, the voltage, the zero sequence current, the zero sequence voltage and the differential current of the protection device are respectively as follows:
s7-2: calculating the sampling value difference of an analog sampling channel loop most having a similar data source by adopting a multi-dimensional Hausdorff distance TMHD algorithm based on a time sequence;
s7-3: calculating the difference of current and voltage sampling channels、/>The calculation method comprises the following steps:
，
，
s7-4: if the ratio of the sampling value data difference of the characteristic data set and the difference value calculated by the multi-dimensional Hausdorff distance TMHD algorithm based on the time sequence is larger than the alarm threshold valueAnd generating an analog sampling value abnormality analysis report.
2. The intelligent diagnosis method for remote secondary equipment analog quantity based on the dispatching master station according to claim 1, wherein the comparison of the consistency of the homologous data in the step S2 is specifically implemented as follows:
s2-1: alarm threshold value for analog sampling values of different devicesThe outline is defined by the number of the lines,
s2-2: analog quantity consistency comparison is carried out between the protection devices of the same type, analog quantity sampling values of the relay protection devices in double configuration are subjected to homologous comparison, and when deviation between the sampling values of the two sets of protection devices in double configuration exceeds an alarm threshold value, namely an I protection A sampling 'i' -a protection B sampling 'i' -an alarm threshold value, an alarm is given and recorded;
s2-3: and carrying out analog quantity consistency comparison among different types of protection devices, carrying out homology comparison on analog quantity sampling values among different types of relay protection devices, and giving an alarm and recording when deviation among sampling values exceeds an alarm threshold, namely an I protection m sampling 'i' -an n protection sampling 'i' -an alarm threshold.
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