CN114279400A - Automatic monitoring device and method for internal settlement and foundation deformation of damming dam - Google Patents
Automatic monitoring device and method for internal settlement and foundation deformation of damming dam Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114279400A CN114279400A CN202111562809.XA CN202111562809A CN114279400A CN 114279400 A CN114279400 A CN 114279400A CN 202111562809 A CN202111562809 A CN 202111562809A CN 114279400 A CN114279400 A CN 114279400A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- displacement
- hole
- displacement sensor
- monitoring device
- dam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 204
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic monitoring device and a method for internal settlement and foundation deformation of a weir dam, wherein the automatic monitoring device is embedded in the weir dam and comprises a plurality of displacement monitoring units, a sleeve and a terminal, wherein the sleeve is connected with the displacement monitoring units; the displacement sensors of the displacement monitoring units are connected in parallel, signals are output through cables, and the displacement blocks are embedded into soil layers inside the damming dam through elastic claws. When different depth soil layers in the damming dam are settled, the displacement block connected in the soil layer through the elastic claw is driven to move, and the displacement rod of the displacement sensor is pulled, so that the displacement sensor generates a reading, and layered settlement values of different depths are obtained. The automatic monitoring device and the method for measuring the internal settlement and the foundation deformation of the weir dam are convenient to install and simple to measure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the fields of geotechnical engineering, hydraulic engineering monitoring and the like, and particularly relates to an automatic device and method for measuring internal settlement of a weir dam and foundation deformation of the weir dam. The patent is subsidized by a national key research project topic of 'barrage dam development and utilization theory and safety evaluation system (2018 YFC 1508505)'.
Background
The accumulation bodies generated by geological disasters such as earthquake, heavy rainfall, mountain landslide, collapse, debris flow and the like can cause water blocking at the upstream section in the valley to form a barrage dam. In recent years, the dam formed by landslides of mountains is influenced by factors such as landforms, earthquake activities, extreme climates and the like in the global range, and is in a multi-occurrence and frequent situation, particularly in the upper reaches of Yangtze rivers and southwest areas of China. The dammed lake formed by the dammed dam blocking the river channel has the characteristics of large rain collecting area, large water storage capacity and the like, forms a great natural disaster and brings great threat to the lives and properties of people in the downstream. The damming dam is used as a naturally formed rockfill dam body, the damming dam body stacking material has the characteristics of ultra-wide gradation, large grain diameter, local looseness, poor uniformity and the like, the damming body can generate large internal dense settlement and foundation deformation under the influence of factors such as water flow, dam body dead weight, aftershock and the like, the internal settlement and the foundation deformation of the damming dam are timely and accurately acquired and analyzed, and scientific basis can be provided for safety and stability monitoring and emergency rescue of the damming dam.
Traditional geologic body or the closely knit settlement measuring device of ground is through burying the sedimentation pipe underground to at the corresponding degree of depth overcoat magnetic sedimentation ring of sedimentation pipe place measuring position, thereby utilize electromagnetic type settlement appearance to carry out the layering settlement that the reading confirmed measuring position to the magnetic ring position. The traditional measurement process of the layered settlement generally needs a measurer to put a settlement gauge probe into a settlement pipe, when the settlement gauge probe is in contact with the magnetic field range of an external magnetic ring, the probe transmits a signal to the settlement gauge through a cable to send out a sound or light signal, and the depth of the probe from a pipe orifice is recorded through a ruler scale on the cable, so that the elevation of the position of the settlement ring is determined; and obtaining the relative displacement, namely the settlement deformation value of the soil layer at the position according to the initial elevation of the ring. Generally, a sedimentation pipe is provided with a plurality of sedimentation rings, and the layered sedimentation measurement method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, can cause larger manual measurement errors, and cannot realize automatic measurement.
For a natural accumulated geologic body such as a damming dam which is not stable in deformation, the natural accumulated geologic body is influenced by factors such as larger particle size, local looseness, cavities and the like, and the sedimentation pipe is easily damaged due to overlarge deformation inside the dam body, so that the traditional layered sedimentation measuring method cannot accurately measure sedimentation inside the damming dam and the basic deformation process of the damming dam. In addition, the internal settlement deformation of the damming dam is large, real-time monitoring is generally needed to be carried out as frequently as possible, and the situation that workers carry out measurement work on the site for a long time is avoided as far as possible in view of safety. The conventional layered settlement measurement method generally requires a worker to carry out field measurement at a buried position of a settlement pipe, and real-time automatic monitoring cannot be carried out. Because the conventional layered settlement monitoring device cannot accurately measure and analyze the internal settlement and the basic deformation of the damming dam in real time to evaluate the stability and the safety of the damming body, the development of the automatic monitoring device and the method which can be used for the internal settlement and the basic deformation of the damming dam is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an automatic monitoring device and method for internal settlement and basic deformation of a damming dam.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the device main part that measurement damming dam inside subsides and basic warp is for burying underground in the wide range displacement sensor and the displacement piece of different degree of depth positions in damming dam internal survey hole, the displacement piece closely combines with the soil body through the inside elastic claw of embedding damming dam, drives the displacement piece when damming dam internal emergence subsides and takes place to remove, it will make the displacement sensor inductance change to drive displacement sensor displacement pole when the displacement piece removes, the inductance protection through measuring displacement sensor can record the displacement change by survey the soil horizon. The novel measurement technology of the invention is characterized in that the device is installed and buried in the damming dam, all displacement sensor signal cables are led to the top of the damming dam and are converged into a data cable, the data cable is led to a safety area (or a monitoring room) outside the dam body field through a wire outlet device and protected by a protection pipe to be connected with an external electric signal receiving and reading instrument for real-time measurement, and the purposes of settlement in the damming dam and early warning and forecasting of foundation deformation can be realized by combining an automatic system.
The technical scheme is as follows:
an automatic monitoring device for settlement inside a weir dam and foundation deformation of the weir dam is buried inside the weir dam and comprises a plurality of displacement monitoring units, sleeves connected with the displacement monitoring units and terminals;
the displacement monitoring unit comprises a displacement sensor, a rigid reference rod, a first limiting fixing clamp, a second limiting fixing clamp, a displacement block and a connecting piece;
the upper part and the lower part of the displacement sensor are respectively fixed on the rigid reference rod through a first limiting fixing clamp and a second limiting fixing clamp; a displacement rod of the displacement sensor extends out of the lower part and is fixed on the displacement block through a connecting piece; the displacement block is provided with a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole, the rigid reference rod penetrates through the first connecting hole to be movably connected with the displacement block, and the second connecting hole is used for fixing the connecting piece; the lower part of the connecting piece protrudes and is embedded with the second connecting hole, and the upper part of the connecting piece is provided with a recessed hole for fixing the displacement rod;
elastic claw fixing points are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the displacement block, elastic claws perpendicular to the plane of the displacement block are fixed at the elastic claw fixing points, and the elastic claws are arc-shaped and have bending elasticity, so that the displacement monitoring unit is fixed in the damming dam; a cable channel is arranged on the side edge of the displacement block and transmits the signal of the displacement sensor to an external terminal; all the displacement sensors are connected in parallel;
the rigid reference rods of the adjacent displacement monitoring units are connected end to end, and the joints are fixed through the sleeves.
In a preferred embodiment, the first and second position-restricting clips each include a first through-hole and a second through-hole, the rigid reference rod is inserted through the first through-hole, and the displacement sensor is inserted through the second through-hole, so that the displacement sensor is fixed to the rigid reference rod.
As a preferred embodiment, the first limit fixing clamp and the second limit fixing clamp are assembly type assemblies formed by 3-petal elements, and the 3-petal elements form a first through hole and a second through hole after being connected; corresponding through holes are formed in the 3-petal elements, and the screw penetrates through the through holes to fixedly assemble the 3-petal elements together;
the first limiting fixing clamp and the second limiting fixing clamp are provided with end screw holes, and end screws penetrate through the end screw holes to reinforce the first limiting fixing clamp, the second limiting fixing clamp, the rigid reference rod and the displacement sensor. The assembly type elements are adopted, so that the on-site rapid assembly and the position adjustment are facilitated, the displacement sensor is convenient to adjust to be parallel to the rigid reference rod, and the internal settlement of the damming dam and the measurement precision of the foundation deformation of the damming dam are improved.
Preferably, the first limiting fixing clamp and the second limiting fixing clamp are made of metal materials so as to guarantee fixing and supporting strength of the first limiting fixing clamp and the second limiting fixing clamp.
In a preferred embodiment, the displacement block is provided with a positioning chain fixing point, one end of the positioning chain is fixed on the positioning chain, and the other end of the positioning chain is fixed on the rigid reference rod.
As a preferred embodiment, a displacement sensor protection cylinder is further arranged on the displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor protection cylinder is arranged between the second limiting fixing clamp and the displacement block and sleeved outside the displacement sensor. Preferably, the protection cylinder is a high-toughness rigid protection cylinder, the inner diameter of the protection cylinder is matched with the outer diameter of the displacement sensor, and the lower part of the protection cylinder is in rigid connection with the connecting piece by adopting a threaded structure.
In a preferred embodiment, the rigid reference rod is provided with external threads at two ends, the sleeve is internally provided with corresponding internal threads, and the rigid reference rod and the sleeve are fixedly connected through threads.
As a preferred embodiment, through holes are arranged at two ends of the rigid reference rod at fixed distances from the external thread; the middle part of the sleeve is provided with the same through hole.
In a preferred embodiment, the displacement sensor (12) is an inductive wide-range displacement sensor, and the displacement rod of the inductive wide-range displacement sensor is independent of a displacement sensor instrument. Preferably, the displacement sensor is an LVDT (linear variable differential transformer) wide-range inductive displacement sensor, and is characterized by large range which can reach 1000mm, high precision, sensor precision index of 0.1% F.S, independent displacement rod and instrument element, free movement of the displacement rod, small diameter of the packaged displacement sensor and no influence of the range.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for automatically monitoring the internal settlement of a dam and the deformation of the foundation thereof by using the above automatic monitoring device,
the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) drilling a hole to the surface of the damming dam at the point to be detected to serve as a monitoring hole;
(2) determining the length of a rigid reference rod of each displacement monitoring unit according to the field installation environment and the measurement depth, and connecting the displacement monitoring units through sleeves;
(3) installing the automatic monitoring device in a monitoring hole section by section, subsection or whole section by section in a hoisting mode, wherein a bottom flange of a rigid reference rod is propped against a foundation layer at the bottom of a drill hole;
(4) after the installation is finished, receiving a signal of the displacement sensor through a reading instrument, and detecting whether the displacement sensor works normally;
(5) after confirming that each displacement sensor works normally, backfilling and sealing holes, and protecting instrument signal cables to a monitoring room outside the dam body site by adopting a protective sleeve to finish the installation of the automatic monitoring device;
(6) after the automatic monitoring device is installed, the automatic monitoring device is connected to the terminal through the signal reading of the reading instrument.
As a preferred embodiment, during installation, the elastic claws are tightened by using the chain, after the automatic monitoring device is installed in place, the elastic claw fixing chain of each displacement monitoring unit is released one by one from bottom to top, so that two ends of each elastic claw are firmly embedded into the tested soil layer, and the positioning chain is released at the same time. The elastic clamping and locking chain is released firstly, and then the positioning chain is released, so that the displacement block can be ensured to move along with the deformation of the soil body after being embedded into the barrier dam through the elastic claw and connected and fixed with the measured soil body in the barrier dam, the internal settlement of the barrier dam and the installation power of the foundation deformation device are favorably improved, and the measurement data precision is ensured.
The monitoring device is used for monitoring the internal settlement and the basic deformation of the damming dam, when different soil layers in the damming dam are settled, the displacement block connected in the soil layer through the elastic claw is driven to move, the displacement rod of the displacement sensor is pulled, the wide-range displacement sensor is caused to generate reading, and the layered settlement values in different depths in the damming dam can be measured by calculating the change of the measurement value of the displacement sensor.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the monitoring device and the monitoring method do not need to use a settlement meter to carry out manual field measurement, the sensor signals are directly transmitted to the reading meter through the data cable, the reading meter can be arranged in a monitoring room outside the dam body, the device and the method are suitable for measuring settlement inside the damming dam and basic deformation of the damming dam, manual field measurement is not needed, and automatic real-time monitoring can be realized.
(2) The wide-range displacement sensor for measuring the compression deformation of each soil layer and the displacement plate thereof can be firmly and accurately positioned on the measured soil layer, and the internal settlement of the damming dam and the accuracy of the basic deformation measurement can be improved.
(3) The displacement sensor is a high-precision large-range (up to 1000 mm) inductive large-range displacement sensor, the displacement rod and the instrument element are mutually independent, the displacement rod moves freely, the diameter of the packaged displacement sensor is small, the displacement sensor is not influenced by the range, and large installation and drilling are not needed.
(4) The displacement sensors of the displacement monitoring units are connected in parallel, so that the measured displacements at different depths have no influence on each other, the measurement result independently reflects the internal settlement of all soil layers below the mounting position, and the error caused by accumulative measurement is reduced.
(5) Each installation component can be designed into an assembly type, so that the on-site rapid assembly and installation are facilitated; the design of each component enables the component to be firmly fixed and can be tightly fixed on a measured soil body or a rigid reference rod, and the movable components (such as a displacement rod, a protection cylinder, a displacement block and the like) can freely move along respective moving ranges smoothly, so that the feasibility and the accuracy of the device for measuring the internal settlement and the basic deformation of the damming dam can be improved.
(6) The device is convenient to install, simple in measurement, capable of achieving remote automatic real-time measurement and suitable for the requirement of rapid embedding and installation in a damming dam site.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the usage status of the automatic monitoring device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the displacement monitoring units and the assembly structure of the displacement monitoring units of the automatic monitoring device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a displacement block structure.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the first and second retaining clips; the first limiting fixing clamp and the second limiting fixing clamp are identical in structure, and only the size of the second connecting hole needs to be determined according to the clamping position.
In the figure: 1. a flange; 2. a support member; 3. a displacement monitoring unit; 4. a sleeve; 5. a rigid reference bar; 6. an elastic claw; 7. a displacement block; 8. a connecting member; 9. a displacement rod; 10. a protective cylinder; 11. a second limit fixing clip; 12. a displacement sensor; 13. a first limit fixing clamp; 14. a displacement sensor signal cable; 15. elastic claw fixing points; 16. a first connection hole; 17. a second connection hole; 18. positioning the chain; 19. a through hole channel; 20. a head-stop screw hole; 21. a first through hole; 22. a second through hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the method of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1
This embodiment specifically illustrates the structure of the automatic monitoring device of the present invention.
The automatic monitoring device shown in fig. 1-4 comprises a plurality of displacement monitoring units 3, a sleeve 4 connected with the displacement monitoring units 3 and a terminal.
The displacement monitoring units 3 comprise displacement sensors 12, rigid reference rods 5, first limiting fixing clamps 13, second limiting fixing clamps 11, displacement blocks 7 and connecting pieces 8;
the upper part and the lower part of the displacement sensor 12 are respectively fixed on the rigid reference rod 5 through a first limit fixing clamp 13 and a second limit fixing clamp 11; a displacement rod 9 of the displacement sensor 12 extends out from the lower part and is fixed on the displacement block 7 through a connecting piece 8; the displacement block 7 is provided with a first connecting hole 16 and a second connecting hole 17, the rigid reference rod 5 penetrates through the first connecting hole 16 to be movably connected with the displacement block 7, and the second connecting hole 17 is used for fixing the connecting piece 8; the lower part of the connecting piece 8 is protruded to be embedded with the second connecting hole 17, and the upper part is provided with a sunken hole for fixing the displacement rod 9; a displacement sensor protection barrel 10 is arranged on the displacement sensor 12, and the displacement sensor protection barrel 10 is arranged between the second limiting fixing clamp 11 and the displacement block 7 and sleeved outside the displacement sensor 12.
The first limiting fixing clamp 13 and the second limiting fixing clamp 11 have the same structure and respectively comprise a first through hole 21 and a second through hole 22, the rigid reference rod 5 penetrates through the first through hole 21, and the displacement sensor 12 penetrates through the second through hole 22, so that the displacement sensor 12 is fixed on the rigid reference rod 5.
As shown in fig. 4, the first limit fixing clamp 13 and the second limit fixing clamp 11 are both an assembly type component formed by 3-petal elements, and the 3-petal elements are connected to form a first through hole 21 and a second through hole 22; the 3-petal element is provided with a corresponding through hole channel 19, and the screw rod penetrates through the through hole channel 19 to fixedly assemble the 3-petal element together; the first limiting fixing clamp 13 and the second limiting fixing clamp 11 are provided with end screw holes 20, and end screws penetrate through the end screw holes 20 to reinforce the first limiting fixing clamp 13, the second limiting fixing clamp 11, the rigid reference rod 5 and the displacement sensor 12.
The displacement block 7 is structurally as shown in fig. 3, elastic claw fixing points 15 are symmetrically arranged on the periphery, elastic claws 6 perpendicular to the plane of the displacement block 7 are fixed at the elastic claw fixing points 15, and the elastic claws 6 are arc-shaped and have bending elasticity, so that the displacement monitoring unit 3 is fixed inside the damming dam. And a cable channel is arranged on the side edge of the displacement block 7 and transmits the signal of the displacement sensor to an external terminal. The displacement block 7 is provided with a positioning chain fixing point 18, one end of the positioning chain is fixed on the positioning chain 18, and the other end of the positioning chain is fixed on the rigid reference rod 5. Preferably, the displacement block 7 is integrally in a circular structure, wherein two symmetrical outer contours are circular arcs so as to realize a forced centering function, two sides of a circle center connecting line of the first connecting hole 16 and the second connecting hole 17 are designed to be planes to serve as signal cable channels of the displacement sensor 12, the shape characteristics of the displacement block 7 and the position design of the displacement block to the first connecting hole 16 can ensure that the automatic monitoring device for the internal settlement and the basic deformation of the weir plug dam is forced to be centered and vertical in a whole depth range of a drilled hole in the installation drilled hole, so that the measurement precision is improved, symmetrical elastic claw fixing points 15 are designed on the periphery of the displacement block 7, and the symmetrical structure is also beneficial to forced centering of a reference rod in the drilled hole.
The rigidity reference rods 5 of the adjacent displacement monitoring units 3 are connected end to end, the joints are fixed through the sleeves 4, external threads are arranged at two ends of each rigidity reference rod 5, corresponding internal threads are arranged in the sleeves 4, and the rigidity reference rods 5 and the sleeves 4 are connected and fixed through the threads to form the supporting piece 2.
In this embodiment, the rigid reference rod 5 is a large-rigidity steel rod (or a steel pipe with a pipe wall thickness of not less than 10 mm) with a diameter of not less than 50mm, so as to ensure that the rigid reference rod 5 has good rigidity inside the barrage dam and keeps vertical.
Through holes with the diameter of 10mm are formed in the positions, 10 cm away from the external threads, of the rigid reference rod 5, one through hole is used for inserting a stress application rod to fasten the threads of the reference rod, and meanwhile, the stress application rod can be used as a hoisting stress point when the measuring device is installed in a sinking hole; the outer diameter of the sleeve 4 is the same as that of the rigid reference rod 5, a through hole with the diameter of 10mm is arranged in the middle of the sleeve 4, and the function of the through hole is the same as that of the through hole in the reference rod. The length of each rigid reference rod 5 can be set to be 1-3 m according to the field installation environment.
The displacement rod 9 is a stainless steel rod with the diameter of 6mm, and the lower part of the displacement rod is provided with a connecting thread which is fixedly connected with the connecting piece 8.
The displacement block 7 is a nylon block with the thickness of 60mm, the total length of the elastic claw 6 is larger than 60 cm, the elastic claw is tightened by a chain in the installation process, the upper part of a positioning chain in the installation process is connected to the rigid reference rod 5 to ensure that the displacement block is accurately positioned at the depth of a soil layer to be measured in the whole process of installation of measuring equipment, after the automatic monitoring device is installed in place in the hole, the elastic claw 6 is firstly released to be firmly embedded into the soil layer to be measured, and then the positioning chain is released to ensure that the displacement block 7 can freely move along the rigid reference rod 5 when the soil layer settlement occurs so as to accurately measure the layered settlement of the soil layer to be measured.
And signal cables of all the displacement sensors are led to the top of the damming dam and converged into a data cable, the data cable passes through the wire outlet device, the data cable is protected by a protection pipe and led to a safe area outside the dam body field to be connected with an external electric signal receiving reading instrument for real-time measurement, and early warning and prediction of internal settlement and foundation deformation of the damming dam are carried out by combining a terminal.
Example 2
This embodiment specifically illustrates the assembly and assembly manner of the single displacement monitoring unit 3 of the automatic monitoring device structure of the present invention.
1) And selecting a displacement sensor with a large measuring range according to the estimated settlement of the tested soil layer of the damming dam.
2) As shown in fig. 2, the first limiting fixing clamp 13 and the second limiting fixing clamp 11 shown in fig. 4 are used for fixing the upper part and the lower part of the displacement sensor 12 selected in the step 1) on the rigid reference rod 5, so that the field assembly is rapid and simple, the structures of the limiting fixing clamp 13 and the supporting and guiding limiting clamp 11 are designed into a 3-petal assembly, a tightening screw rod is adopted to penetrate through a through hole 19 during the assembly, a nut is used for tightening to firmly fix the displacement sensor 12 on the rigid reference rod 5, and the displacement sensor signal cable 14 is controlled and rolled on the rigid reference rod 5 section by section in a proper mode. First spacing fixation clamp 13 and the spacing fixation clamp 11 of second all adopt the metal material processing to form in order to guarantee its sufficient intensity, the first perforating hole 21 size of design and the 5 external diameter tight fits of rigidity benchmark pole in first spacing fixation clamp 13 and the spacing fixation clamp 11 of second, second perforating hole 22 and the 12 external diameter tight fits of displacement sensor, above-mentioned two tight fit holes can guarantee displacement sensor 12 fixed firm after tightening up the screw rod, first spacing fixation clamp 13 and the spacing fixation clamp 11 of second design have end screw hole 20 simultaneously, adopt the end screw to pass rigidity benchmark pole 5 and further fix firmly displacement sensor 12 through the screw thread.
3) A connecting piece 8 of a displacement sensor 12 and a displacement block 7 is screwed into a displacement block screw hole 17 to be fixed on the displacement block 7, a displacement rod 9 of the displacement sensor 12 is fixed on a central screw hole of the connecting piece 8 through threads, a displacement sensor protection barrel 10 is fixed on the connecting piece 8 through threads, the displacement block 7 which completes assembly of the components is sleeved on a rigid reference rod 5 through a first connecting hole 16, the displacement rod 9 is inserted into a cavity of the displacement sensor 12, the protection barrel 10 is sleeved outside the displacement sensor 12, an elastic claw 6 is respectively fixed at an elastic claw mounting point 15 of the displacement block 7, a positioning chain is fixed at a positioning chain fixing point 18, a second limiting fixing clamp 11 is arranged at the upper part of the protection barrel 10 on the movable displacement block 7, the elastic claw 6 is tightened by adopting a locking chain, the positioning chain is connected at a proper position of the rigid reference rod 5, and the locking chain and the overlong positioning chain are tightened and fixed through a steel wire penetrating chain hole, the chain and the positioning chain can be unlocked by pulling the steel wire after the installation is finished, so that the chain and the positioning chain are completely released and start to work after the installation in the drill hole is finished, the displacement monitoring unit 3 is vertically constrained by the first limiting fixing clamp 13, the second limiting fixing clamp 11 and the positioning chain after the assembly is finished, the position of the displacement monitoring unit can be accurately positioned, and the device for measuring the internal settlement and the basic deformation of the damming dam is accurately positioned on the soil layer to be measured by the soil layer displacement sensors 12.
Example 3
This example describes the embedding installation and the method of using the automatic monitoring device shown in example 2.
1) Determining the instrument embedding and mounting point position according to the design measurement positioning;
2) drilling an instrument mounting hole by using a drilling machine, wherein the diameter of the mounting drilling hole is 150-200 mm in the embodiment;
3) repeating the steps 1) to 3) of the embodiment 1 to complete the assembly of all the displacement monitoring units 3, wherein the rigid reference rod 5 of each displacement monitoring unit 3 is connected with the sleeve 4 through threads;
4) the lower part of the bottommost mounting assembly is fixedly supported by the flange 1 through threads, and the length of a rigid reference rod 5 of each displacement monitoring unit 3 is designed according to needs so as to adjust each displacement sensor to be accurately mounted on a designed measured soil layer;
5) installing the automatic monitoring device in the monitoring hole section by section, subsection or whole section by section in a hoisting mode, and detecting whether each displacement sensor 12 is normal or not by using a signal receiving and reading instrument; an auxiliary steel wire rope is fixed at the bottom of the rigid reference rod 5 in the whole hoisting process to prevent the device in the drill hole from being pulled out when an accident occurs in the installation process or the device is not installed in place, and the auxiliary steel wire rope is loosely placed in the drill hole after the measurement device is installed;
6) after the measuring device is installed in place, the chains of the elastic claws 6 on the displacement blocks are released one by one from bottom to top, so that each displacement block 7 is firmly embedded into the layer soil layer, then the positioning chains are released, so that each displacement block 7 can freely move downwards, and a signal receiving reading instrument is used for detecting whether each displacement sensor works normally or not;
7) after confirming that each displacement sensor 12 is normal, backfilling and sealing holes, protecting instrument signal cables by using a protective sleeve 4 to protect a monitoring room led to the dam outside the dam body site, and finishing the installation of the measuring device;
8) after the measuring device is installed, the signal reading of the reading instrument is connected to an automatic monitoring system of the terminal, and the signal reading instrument can also be connected to a remote signal transmission system to carry out remote real-time early warning and forecasting.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic monitoring device for settlement inside a damming dam and foundation deformation of the damming dam is characterized in that the automatic monitoring device is buried inside the damming dam and comprises a plurality of displacement monitoring units (3), sleeves (4) connected with the displacement monitoring units (3) and terminals;
the displacement monitoring unit (3) comprises a displacement sensor (12), a rigid reference rod (5), a first limiting fixing clamp (13), a second limiting fixing clamp (11), a displacement block (7) and a connecting piece (8);
the upper part and the lower part of the displacement sensor (12) are respectively fixed on the rigid reference rod (5) through a first limiting fixing clamp (13) and a second limiting fixing clamp (11); a displacement rod (9) of the displacement sensor (12) extends out of the lower part and is fixed on the displacement block (7) through a connecting piece (8); a first connecting hole (16) and a second connecting hole (17) are formed in the displacement block (7), the rigid reference rod (5) penetrates through the first connecting hole (16) to be movably connected with the displacement block (7), and the second connecting hole (17) is used for fixing the connecting piece (8); the lower part of the connecting piece (8) protrudes and is embedded with the second connecting hole (17), and the upper part of the connecting piece is provided with a sunken hole for fixing the displacement rod (9);
elastic claw fixing points (15) are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the displacement block (7), elastic claws (6) perpendicular to the plane of the displacement block (7) are fixed at the elastic claw fixing points (15), and the elastic claws (6) are arc-shaped and have bending elasticity, so that the displacement monitoring unit (3) is fixed in the damming dam; a cable channel is arranged on the side edge of the displacement block (7) and transmits the signal of the displacement sensor (12) to an external terminal; the displacement sensors (12) are connected in parallel;
the rigid reference rods (5) of the adjacent displacement monitoring units (3) are connected end to end, and the joints are fixed through the sleeves (4).
2. The automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the first and second limit clamps (13, 11) have the same structure and each include a first through hole (21) and a second through hole (22), the rigid reference rod (5) passes through the first through hole (21), and the displacement sensor (12) passes through the second through hole (22), so that the displacement sensor (12) is fixed on the rigid reference rod (5).
3. The automatic monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein the first limiting fixing clamp (13) and the second limiting fixing clamp (11) are assembled assemblies formed by 3-petal elements, and the 3-petal elements are connected to form a first through hole (21) and a second through hole (22); corresponding through hole channels (19) are arranged on the 3-petal elements, and the screw penetrates through the through hole channels (19) to fixedly assemble the 3-petal elements together;
the first limiting fixing clamp (13) and the second limiting fixing clamp (11) are provided with end screw holes (20), and the end screws penetrate through the end screw holes (20) to reinforce the first limiting fixing clamp (13), the second limiting fixing clamp (11), the rigid reference rod (5) and the displacement sensor (12).
4. The automated monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement block (7) is provided with a positioning chain fixing point (18), one end of the positioning chain is fixed on the positioning chain (18), and the other end of the positioning chain is fixed on the rigid reference rod (5).
5. The automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a displacement sensor protection cylinder (10) is further arranged on the displacement sensor (12), and the displacement sensor protection cylinder (10) is arranged between the second limiting fixing clamp (11) and the displacement block (7) and sleeved outside the displacement sensor (12).
6. The automated monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the rigid reference rod (5) is provided with external threads at two ends, the sleeve (4) is provided with corresponding internal threads, and the rigid reference rod (5) and the sleeve (4) are fixed through threaded connection.
7. The automated monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid reference bar (5) is provided with through holes at both ends at a fixed distance from the external thread; the middle part of the sleeve (4) is provided with the same through hole.
8. The automated monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the displacement sensor (12) is an inductive wide-range displacement sensor having a displacement rod independent of a displacement sensor instrument.
9. A method for automatically monitoring the internal settlement and the foundation deformation of a weir dam by using the automatic monitoring device of any one of claims 1 to 8, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) drilling a hole to the surface of the damming dam at the point to be detected to serve as a monitoring hole;
(2) determining the length of a rigid reference rod (5) of each displacement monitoring unit (3) according to the field installation environment and the measurement depth, and connecting the displacement monitoring units (3) through sleeves (4);
(3) installing the automatic monitoring device in the monitoring hole section by section, subsection or whole section by section in a hoisting mode, wherein a bottom flange of the rigid reference rod (5) is propped against a foundation layer at the bottom of the drilling hole;
(4) after the installation is finished, receiving a signal of the displacement sensor through a reading instrument, and detecting whether the displacement sensor works normally;
(5) after confirming that each displacement sensor works normally, backfilling and sealing holes, and protecting a monitoring room led to the outside of the dam body site by an instrument signal cable through a protective sleeve (4) to finish the installation of the automatic monitoring device;
(6) after the automatic monitoring device is installed, the automatic monitoring device is connected to the terminal through the signal reading of the reading instrument.
10. The method according to claim 8, characterized by further comprising the steps of tightening the elastic claws (6) by using a chain during installation, releasing the fixed chain of the elastic claws (6) of each displacement monitoring unit (3) one by one from bottom to top after the automatic monitoring device is installed in place, enabling two ends of each elastic claw (6) to be firmly embedded into the tested soil layer, and releasing the positioning chain at the same time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111562809.XA CN114279400A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Automatic monitoring device and method for internal settlement and foundation deformation of damming dam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111562809.XA CN114279400A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Automatic monitoring device and method for internal settlement and foundation deformation of damming dam |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114279400A true CN114279400A (en) | 2022-04-05 |
Family
ID=80873214
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111562809.XA Pending CN114279400A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Automatic monitoring device and method for internal settlement and foundation deformation of damming dam |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114279400A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116295256A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-06-23 | 天津市北洋水运水利勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Full-automatic deep soil settlement measurement method and device |
| CN117702714A (en) * | 2024-02-05 | 2024-03-15 | 中科信德建设有限公司 | Reservoir dam structure stability monitoring method based on vibroflotation gravel pile treatment |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103953025A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-07-30 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Equipment for measuring layered settlement of deep soft soil or blanket and setup method thereof |
| CN105780822A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-20 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Monitoring instrument equipment for underwater foundation layered settlement measurement and arrangement method for monitoring instrument equipment |
-
2021
- 2021-12-20 CN CN202111562809.XA patent/CN114279400A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103953025A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-07-30 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Equipment for measuring layered settlement of deep soft soil or blanket and setup method thereof |
| CN105780822A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-20 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Monitoring instrument equipment for underwater foundation layered settlement measurement and arrangement method for monitoring instrument equipment |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116295256A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-06-23 | 天津市北洋水运水利勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Full-automatic deep soil settlement measurement method and device |
| CN116295256B (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-08-15 | 天津市北洋水运水利勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Full-automatic deep soil settlement measurement method and device |
| CN117702714A (en) * | 2024-02-05 | 2024-03-15 | 中科信德建设有限公司 | Reservoir dam structure stability monitoring method based on vibroflotation gravel pile treatment |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111795676B (en) | Dam dangerous case emergency early warning system | |
| CN104831762B (en) | Deep basal pit artesian water precipitation dynamic monitoring system and monitoring method | |
| CN114279400A (en) | Automatic monitoring device and method for internal settlement and foundation deformation of damming dam | |
| CN106894821B (en) | It is a kind of originate, the monitoring method of received well and jacking construction | |
| CN105780822B (en) | The monitoring instrument equipment and its setting method that underwater delaminating deposition measures | |
| KR101219468B1 (en) | A measuring instrument used both as a inclinometer and a water level meter | |
| CN213092515U (en) | Landslide monitoring and early warning system based on slope internal stress and strain monitoring | |
| CN102162234B (en) | Device and method for monitoring surface displacement of rock-soil body in real time | |
| CN204177381U (en) | A kind of fiber bragg grating inclinometer device | |
| CN103791805A (en) | Landslide deep position displacement monitoring system | |
| CN103293560A (en) | Method for testing mining-induced three-dimensional stress field | |
| CN110172959B (en) | In-situ soil body layered settlement monitoring device and method | |
| CN112504336A (en) | Landslide area pipeline deformation monitoring system | |
| CN115075308A (en) | Deep settlement displacement monitoring system and construction method thereof | |
| CN205785182U (en) | A kind of soft soil base sedimentation sensor based on fiber grating sensing technology | |
| CN111335904A (en) | Shield downward-penetrating building construction monitoring method | |
| CN114837160A (en) | Peripheral soil deformation comprehensive detection device applied to underground pipe gallery | |
| Gosar et al. | Surface versus underground measurements of active tectonic displacements with TM 71 exstensometers in Slovenia | |
| CN109184802A (en) | A kind of more pilot tunnel tunnel informations monitoring construction methods of big cross section | |
| KR101182414B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for predicting landslides using multipoint temperature monitoring | |
| Wilson | Investigation of embankment performance | |
| KR20090105555A (en) | Apparatus for measuring sinking valve having settlement rod with staff and one-man measuring method using the same | |
| Franklin | The monitoring of structures in rock | |
| CN114894155A (en) | Embankment or port yard filling layered settlement monitoring device and construction method | |
| Ghazali et al. | Development of distributed fibre optic inclinometer for landslide and geotechnical application |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |