CN114236594A - Nuclear pulse signal digital triangle-trapezoid two-channel forming method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of digital signals of electronic circuits, and provides a nuclear pulse signal digital triangular-trapezoidal double-channel forming method, which is used for solving the problem that the resolution of a nuclear pulse energy spectrum diagram is reduced due to the pulse accumulation problem in the conventional digital filtering forming method. The invention establishes a triangle-trapezoid double-channel forming sub-method by analyzing the correlation of trapezoidal forming and triangle forming results; the triangular forming channel is used for judging the severity of pulse accumulation, judging whether the pulse is reserved or not and finding the position of the pulse; providing a flat-top peak signal by adopting a trapezoidal forming channel for extracting accurate and stable pulse amplitude; by the triangular-trapezoidal double-channel forming method, the effective pulse amplitude which is judged to be slightly pulse piled up is accurately and stably extracted, and the pulse amplitude which is judged to be seriously pulse piled up is abandoned, so that the counting rate of the nuclear pulse energy spectrogram is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of digital signals of electronic circuits, relates to a digital filtering forming method of a digital nuclear energy spectrum measuring system, and particularly provides a digital triangular-trapezoidal double-channel forming method of a nuclear pulse signal, which is used for solving the problem of pulse accumulation.
Background
In the field of nuclear radiation evaluation and detection, a digital multichannel pulse amplitude analysis technology is widely applied to a nuclear energy spectrum measurement digital system; in the early stage, due to the limitations of theoretical knowledge, technology, experimental environment and the like, the traditional nuclear energy spectrum measurement system adopts an analog multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer to filter and shape a nuclear pulse signal, generally uses a hardware circuit to amplify the pulse signal, recover a signal baseline and determine and discard a superposed signal, and due to temperature drift, the hardware circuit consisting of discrete elements can generate unpredictable influence on the performance of the whole nuclear energy spectrum measurement system. Therefore, the nuclear pulse signal is shaped by the digital multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer, so that the problems caused by the traditional analog multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer can be avoided, and the digital multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer has profound and important research significance.
Compared with an analog nuclear spectrum measurement system, the pulse processing speed, the programmable flexibility and the energy resolution of the digital nuclear spectrum measurement system are obviously improved; the digital filtering and shaping method of the nuclear signal is a key technology of a digital nuclear energy spectrum measuring system, and plays an important role in reducing electronic noise and pulse accumulation and ballistic deficit. In recent years, the trapezoidal forming method is widely applied to a digital nuclear energy spectrum measuring system, the accuracy of extracting the pulse amplitude is improved to a certain extent, but the influence caused by the problem of pulse accumulation cannot be solved. What is usually taken for pulse pile-up is a discard process, in which the pulse amplitude extraction result under pulse pile-up is considered erroneous and not retained. The processing scheme can effectively avoid pulse accumulation to cause wrong pulse amplitude extraction results under the condition of low counting rate. However, when the digital nuclear spectroscopy system chooses to use higher voltages to excite more atoms, the degree of pulse pile-up and the probability of occurrence are greatly increased. And the accumulation of a large number of discarded pulses finally causes the great reduction of the accuracy of the energy spectrum, and the energy spectrum has no analytical value any more.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the resolution of a nuclear pulse energy spectrogram is reduced due to the problem of pulse accumulation in the conventional digital filtering forming method, and provides a nuclear pulse signal digital triangle-trapezoid double-channel forming method, which is used for improving the resolution of the nuclear pulse energy spectrogram by identifying and reserving effective pulse amplitude in pulse accumulation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the method for forming the triangular-trapezoidal double channels applied to the digital nuclear spectrum measuring system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: acquiring a single exponential decay pulse signal of an electric signal of a probe of the digital nuclear spectrum measuring system after passing through a preamplifier;
step 2: setting rising and falling time N and trapezoidal flat top time D of a triangular-trapezoidal double-channel forming method;
and step 3: converting the single exponential decay signal into a triangular pulse signal V by using a triangular forming methodo1；
And 4, step 4: converting the single exponential decay signal into a trapezoidal pulse signal V by using a trapezoidal forming methodo2；
And 5: searching triangular pulse signal Vo1All triangular peaks V ino1_maxPeak time k corresponding theretoo1_max；
Step 6: for each peak time ko1_maxJudgment of Vo1(ko1_max+ D) whether or not greater than V o1_max2; if yes, discarding; otherwise, extracting trapezoidal pulse signal Vo2Middle trapezoidal pulse peak value Vo2(ko1_max+D/2)；
And 7: and generating a nuclear pulse energy spectrogram according to all the extracted trapezoidal pulse peak values.
Further, in step 1, the single exponential decay pulse signal is:
Vi(k)＝A·e-k/τ·u(k)
wherein u (k) is a unit step function, a is the input pulse amplitude, τ is the decay time constant of the pulse signal, and k is a discrete time variable.
Further, in the step 2, the rising-falling time N and the trapezoidal flat-top time D satisfy a proportional relationship: n is 2 · D.
Further, in step 3, the conversion formula is:
wherein n isa＝N，nc＝2·N，
τ is the attenuation coefficient, TsK is a discrete time variable for the sampling period.
Further, in step 4, the conversion formula is:
wherein n isa＝N，nb＝N+D，nc＝2·N+D，
τ is the attenuation coefficient, TsK is a discrete time variable for the sampling period.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a digital triangle-trapezoid double-channel forming method for nuclear pulse signals, which establishes a triangle-trapezoid double-channel forming sub-method by analyzing the correlation between trapezoid forming and triangle forming results; the triangular forming channel is used for judging the severity of pulse accumulation, judging whether the pulse is reserved or not and finding the position of the pulse; providing a flat-top peak signal by adopting a trapezoidal forming channel for extracting accurate and stable pulse amplitude; by the triangular-trapezoidal double-channel forming method, the effective pulse amplitude which is judged to be slightly pulse piled up is accurately and stably extracted, and the pulse amplitude which is judged to be seriously pulse piled up is abandoned, so that the counting rate of the nuclear pulse energy spectrogram is greatly improved. In conclusion, the invention aims at the pulse accumulation phenomenon in the digital nuclear energy spectrum measuring system, and obtains the nuclear pulse spectrogram with high counting rate by a triangle-trapezoid double-channel forming method, namely, the resolution of the nuclear pulse spectrogram is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a triangle-trapezoid two-channel forming method in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an original spectrogram and a sampled spectrogram of a simulation input signal generated in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic waveform diagram of a triangle-trapezoid two-channel forming method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of nuclear pulse spectra generated by a triangle-trapezoid two-channel forming method in an embodiment of the invention and a comparative example.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the correlation between the nuclear pulse energy spectrum and the original spectrum under various pulse stacking degrees in the triangle-trapezoid two-channel forming method and the comparative example in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention establishes a triangle-trapezoid double-channel forming method by analyzing the correlation of trapezoidal forming and triangle forming results; the triangular forming channel is used for judging the severity of pulse accumulation, judging whether the pulse is reserved or not and finding the position of the pulse; the trapezoidal forming channel provides a flat-top peak signal for extracting accurate and stable pulse amplitude; the invention can reserve the effective pulse amplitude with slight pulse accumulation, and greatly improve the resolution of the nuclear pulse energy spectrogram.
Based on the above thought, the present embodiment provides a method for forming a digital triangle-trapezoid dual channel of a nuclear pulse signal, the flow of which is shown in fig. 1, and the specific steps are as follows:
step 1: acquiring a single exponential decay pulse signal V of an electric signal of a probe of a digital nuclear spectrum measuring system after passing through a preamplifieri：
Vi(k)＝A·e-k/τ·u(k)
Wherein u (k) is a unit step function, A is the input pulse amplitude, tau is the decay time constant of the pulse signal, and k is a discrete time variable;
step 2: setting the rising and falling time N and the trapezoidal flat top time D of the triangle-trapezoidal double-channel forming method, wherein the rising and falling time N and the trapezoidal flat top time D satisfy the proportional relation:
N＝2·D
and step 3: converting the single exponential decay signal into a triangular pulse signal V by using a triangular forming methodo1The conversion formula is as follows:
wherein n isa＝N，nc＝2·N，
τ is the attenuation coefficient, TsK is a discrete time variable for a sampling period;
and 4, step 4: converting the single exponential decay signal into a trapezoidal pulse signal V by using a trapezoidal forming methodo2The conversion formula is as follows:
wherein n isa＝N，nb＝N+D，nc＝2·N+D，
τ is the attenuation coefficient, TsK is a discrete time variable for a sampling period;
and 5: searching all triangular peaks V in the triangular pulse signalo1_maxPeak time k corresponding theretoo1_max；
Step 6: for each peak time ko1_maxJudgment of Vo1(ko1_max+ D) whether or not greater than V o1_max2; if so, considering the pulse accumulation degree to be serious, and selecting to discard; otherwise, the pulse accumulation degree is considered to be slight, the retention is selected, and the trapezoidal pulse peak value V in the trapezoidal pulse signal is extractedo2(ko1_max+D/2)；
And 7: and generating a nuclear pulse energy spectrogram according to all the extracted trapezoidal pulse peak values.
Based on the above-mentioned triangle-trapezoid two-channel forming method, a simulation test is performed below in which the digital nuclear power spectrum measurement system collects the index pulse signal and generates the nuclear pulse spectrogram, and an embodiment is further explained.
The simulation input signal used in the embodiment is generated based on actual spectrogram data, and for a 2048 channel energy spectrum obtained by measuring a soil sample of national standard GBW07401(GSS-1), the embodiment performs direct sampling according to Poisson distribution, and each sampling point contains peak information of a pulse; the point number obtained by sampling is used for generating a negative exponential decay pulse signal with a known amplitude value and is used as an input signal of a simulation test, and a nuclear pulse spectrogram generated by a test result can be compared with an original spectrogram so as to verify the correctness of the method. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: generating a negative exponential decay pulse signal with a known amplitude according to the number of points obtained by sampling, and using the negative exponential decay pulse signal as an input signal of a simulation test, as shown in fig. 2, an original spectrogram and a sampling spectrogram of the simulation input signal in the embodiment are shown;
step 2: setting the rising and falling time N of the triangle-trapezoid double-channel forming method to be 100 and the trapezoidal flat-top time D to be 50;
and 7: generating a nuclear pulse energy spectrum according to the extracted trapezoidal pulse peak value, as shown in fig. 4; the four spectrograms in fig. 4 are the original spectrogram, the energy spectrogram obtained by reserving effective pulse stacking by using a triangle-trapezoid two-channel forming method, the energy spectrogram obtained by completely discarding pulse stacking, and the energy spectrogram obtained by completely reserving pulse stacking, respectively; as can be seen from the figure, the triangular-trapezoidal double-channel forming analysis method of the invention keeps the most consistent energy spectrum obtained by effective pulse accumulation with the original spectrogram, i.e. the resolution of the energy spectrum is the highest, thus proving the effectiveness of the invention.
For further explaining the superiority of the present invention, fig. 5 shows the relationship between the correlation between the original spectrogram and the spectrogram obtained by the three processing methods of the triangle-trapezoid two-channel forming method of the present invention, namely, the retention of effective pulse stacking, the complete abandonment of pulse stacking and the complete retention of pulse stacking, and the pulse stacking degree; the smaller the abscissa value is, the more serious the pulse stacking degree is, and it can be seen that when the pulse stacking is serious, the spectrum obtained by using the triangular-trapezoidal dual-channel forming method to retain effective pulse stacking can also maintain higher correlation degree with the original spectrum, i.e. higher correctness is maintained, and the other two methods are difficult to obtain correct spectrums.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise; all of the disclosed features, or all of the method or process steps, may be combined in any combination, except mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Claims (5)
1. A nuclear pulse signal digital triangle-trapezoid two-channel forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: acquiring a single exponential decay pulse signal of an electric signal of a probe of the digital nuclear spectrum measuring system after passing through a preamplifier;
step 2: setting rising and falling time N and trapezoidal flat top time D of a triangular-trapezoidal double-channel forming method;
and step 3: converting the single exponential decay signal into a triangular pulse signal V by using a triangular forming methodo1；
And 4, step 4: converting the single exponential decay signal into a trapezoidal pulse signal V by using a trapezoidal forming methodo2；
And 5: searching triangular pulse signal Vo1All triangular peaks V ino1_maxPeak time k corresponding theretoo1_max；
Step 6: for each peak time ko1_maxJudgment of Vo1(ko1_max+ D) whether or not greater than Vo1_max2; if yes, discarding; otherwise, extracting trapezoidal pulse signal Vo2Middle trapezoidal pulse peak value Vo2(ko1_max+D/2)；
And 7: and generating a nuclear pulse energy spectrogram according to all the extracted trapezoidal pulse peak values.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 1, the single exponential decay pulse signal is:
Vi(k)＝A·e-k/τ·u(k)
wherein u (k) is a unit step function, a is the input pulse amplitude, τ is the decay time constant of the pulse signal, and k is a discrete time variable.
3. The method for forming a digital triangle-trapezoid two-channel nuclear pulse signal as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, the rising-falling time N and the trapezoidal flat-top time D satisfy a proportional relationship: n is 2 · D.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 3, the transformation formula is as follows:
wherein n isa＝N，nc＝2·N，
τ is the attenuation coefficient, TsK is a discrete time variable for the sampling period.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 4, the transformation formula is:
in the formula, na＝N，nb＝N+D，nc＝2·N+D，
τ is the attenuation coefficient, TsK is a discrete time variable for the sampling period.
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| CN114897004A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-08-12 | 成都理工大学 | Trapezoidal stacking kernel pulse identification method based on deep learning Transformer model |
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