CN114233816A - Mechanical motion rectifier based on planetary gear train - Google Patents
Mechanical motion rectifier based on planetary gear train Download PDFInfo
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- CN114233816A CN114233816A CN202111342748.6A CN202111342748A CN114233816A CN 114233816 A CN114233816 A CN 114233816A CN 202111342748 A CN202111342748 A CN 202111342748A CN 114233816 A CN114233816 A CN 114233816A
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- way bearing
- planetary gear
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- shaft
- input shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
- F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
- F16H2057/085—Bearings for orbital gears
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical transmission, and discloses a mechanical motion rectifier based on a planetary gear train. The input shaft and the output shaft of the mechanical motion rectifier are coaxially arranged, power is transmitted to the output shaft through the input shaft via the planetary gear train, the transmission ratio of the mechanical motion rectifier is improved through the planetary gear train, the single rotation direction and the equal transmission ratio of the output shaft are realized by arranging the four one-way bearings and utilizing the characteristic that the one-way bearings can only rotate towards the single direction, and the output rotating speed is improved while the problem of more energy loss caused by frequent change of the rotation direction of the input shaft is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical transmission, and particularly relates to a mechanical motion rectifier based on a planetary gear train.
Background
This section provides background information related to the present disclosure only and is not necessarily prior art.
The technical field of mechanical transmission is indispensable technology in mechanical engineering, and especially gear transmission is widely applied to various mechanical equipment, wherein a gearbox transmission is an important form of gear transmission application. In many emerging fields, there are many application scenarios that set new technical requirements on a gearbox transmission, the gearbox is required to have not only a speed changing function, but also to convert a reciprocating motion into a unidirectional motion so as to avoid power loss caused by frequent speed switching, for example, a turbine of a wind power generator or a fluid power generator rotates or swings back and forth under the action of random wind power and water power, and such scenarios set requirements on an arrangement mode of an input shaft and an output shaft because equipment has high coaxiality or gravity center symmetrical arrangement is required due to space limitation or dynamic characteristic requirements.
The relative motion direction of an input shaft and an output shaft of a traditional gear transmission is certain, when the rotation direction of the input shaft is changed, the rotation direction of the output shaft needs to be changed, in the process, energy loss is extremely large due to the influence of inertia and damping force, if the reciprocating motion of the input shaft can be realized and the output shaft can be driven to move towards the same direction, energy consumption generated by the motion direction switching can be avoided, and therefore the energy utilization rate is improved. In the existing mechanical motion rectifier, although the input shaft and the output shaft can be coaxial, the transmission ratio can only be 1; in the case of a higher transmission ratio, the input shaft and the output shaft are arranged vertically, and the requirements cannot be met simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve the problem that the frequent change of the rotation direction of the input shaft of the gear transmission in some application scenes in the prior art causes more energy loss, and the aim is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a mechanical motion rectifier based on a planetary gear train, which comprises:
the shell is internally provided with a cavity;
the input shaft and the output shaft are coaxially arranged, the input shaft is used for connecting an external power input, and the output shaft is used for connecting an external driven part;
the planetary gear train is arranged in the cavity and comprises a ring gear frame, a planetary gear shaft, a planetary gear frame and a central gear, wherein the ring gear frame is provided with an inner gear ring, the planetary gear is rotatably arranged on the planetary gear frame through the planetary gear shaft, the central gear is meshed with the planetary gear, the ring gear frame is arranged on the periphery of the planetary gear in the circumferential direction and meshed with the planetary gear, and the central gear is sleeved on the output shaft;
the one-way bearing assembly is arranged in the cavity and comprises a first large one-way bearing, a second large one-way bearing, a first small one-way bearing and a second small one-way bearing, the outer ring of the first large one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the shell, the inner ring of the first large one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the gear ring frame, the outer ring of the second large one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the shell, the inner ring of the second large one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the planet gear carrier, the outer ring of the first small one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the gear ring frame, and the inner ring of the first small one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the input shaft; the outer ring of the second small one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the planet carrier, and the inner ring of the second small one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the input shaft.
The mechanical motion rectifier based on the planetary gear train transmits power to the output shaft through the planetary gear train through the input shaft, the planetary gear train can improve the transmission ratio of the mechanical motion rectifier, the mechanical motion rectifier is further provided with four one-way bearings, the one-way bearings can only rotate towards a single direction, the one-way bearings are matched with the planetary gear train to achieve the single rotation direction of the output shaft, and the problem that the frequent change of the rotation direction of the input shaft causes more energy loss is solved.
In addition, the mechanical motion rectifier based on the planetary gear train can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
in some embodiments of the present invention, a conducting direction of the first small one-way bearing is the same as a conducting direction of the second large one-way bearing, a conducting direction of the second small one-way bearing is the same as a conducting direction of the first large one-way bearing, and a conducting direction of the first small one-way bearing is opposite to a conducting direction of the first large one-way bearing.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the planet carrier includes a front end flange and a rear end flange, the front end flange and the rear end flange are arranged axially symmetrically, the planet axle is installed between the front end flange and the rear end flange, the front end flange is sleeved on an outer ring of the second small one-way bearing and is rigidly connected with the second small one-way bearing, and the rear end flange is inserted into an inner ring of the second large one-way bearing and is rigidly connected with the second large one-way bearing.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the input shaft includes a first shaft section and a second shaft section, which are coaxially disposed, a diameter of the first shaft section is greater than a diameter of the second shaft section, one end of the first shaft section is connected to one end of the second shaft section, and an inner ring of the first small one-way bearing and an inner ring of the second small one-way bearing are sleeved on the second shaft section.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional schematic view of a planetary gear train based mechanical motion rectifier, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of a planetary gear train based mechanical motion rectifier in a first operating condition (input shaft rotating clockwise, output shaft rotating clockwise) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a block diagram of a planetary gear train based mechanical motion rectifier in a first operating condition (clockwise input shaft rotation, clockwise output shaft rotation), in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of a planetary gear train based mechanical motion rectifier in a second operating condition (input shaft counterclockwise rotation, output shaft clockwise rotation) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a block diagram of a planetary gear train based mechanical motion rectifier in a second operating condition (counterclockwise rotation of the input shaft, clockwise rotation of the output shaft), in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
the reference symbols in the drawings denote the following:
1: a one-way bearing assembly; 111: a first large one-way bearing; 112: a second large one-way bearing; 121: a first small one-way bearing; 122: a second small one-way bearing;
21: an input shaft; 22: an output shaft;
3: a planetary gear train; 31: a rack and pinion rack; 32: an inner gear ring; 33: a planet carrier; 331: a front end flange; 332: a rear end flange; 34: a planetary gear; 35: a sun gear;
4: a housing; 41: a front end cover; 42: and a rear end cap.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and "having" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order described or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.
Although the terms, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, an element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
For convenience of description, spatially relative terms, such as "inner", "outer", "inner", "side", "lower", "below", "upper", "above", and the like, may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" or "over" the other elements or features. Thus, the example term "below … …" can include both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a mechanical motion rectifier based on a planetary gear train, comprising:
a housing 4, wherein a cavity is arranged in the housing 4;
the input shaft 21 and the output shaft 22 are coaxially arranged, the input shaft 21 is used for connecting an external power input, and the output shaft 22 is used for connecting an external driven part;
the planetary gear train 3 is arranged in the cavity, the planetary gear train 3 comprises a ring gear carrier 31, a planetary gear 34, a planetary gear shaft, a planetary gear carrier 33 and a central gear 35, the ring gear carrier 31 is provided with an inner gear ring 32, the planetary gear 34 is rotatably arranged on the planetary gear carrier 33 through the planetary gear shaft, the central gear 35 is meshed with the planetary gear 34, the ring gear carrier 31 is arranged on the periphery of the planetary gear 34 and meshed with the planetary gear 34, and the central gear 35 is sleeved on the output shaft 22;
the one-way bearing assembly 1 is arranged in the cavity and comprises a first large one-way bearing 111, a second large one-way bearing 112, a first small one-way bearing 121 and a second small one-way bearing 122, wherein the outer ring of the first large one-way bearing 111 is rigidly connected with the shell 4, the inner ring of the first large one-way bearing 111 is rigidly connected with the gear ring frame 31, the outer ring of the second large one-way bearing 112 is rigidly connected with the shell 4, the inner ring of the second large one-way bearing 112 is rigidly connected with the planet gear frame 33, the outer ring of the first small one-way bearing 121 is rigidly connected with the gear ring frame 31, and the inner ring of the first small one-way bearing 121 is rigidly connected with the input shaft 21; the outer race of the second small one-way bearing 122 is rigidly connected to the carrier 33, and the inner race of the second small one-way bearing 122 is rigidly connected to the input shaft 21.
Taking the example of setting the output shaft 22 to maintain the clockwise rotation output in a single direction, the conducting direction of the first small one-way bearing 121 and the second large one-way bearing 112 can be set to be clockwise conducting, the conducting direction refers to the direction in which the one-way bearings can rotate freely, the corresponding direction opposite to the conducting direction is the locking direction of the one-way bearings, that is, the inner ring can rotate freely when rotating clockwise and is locked when rotating counterclockwise, and correspondingly, the conducting direction of the second small one-way bearing 122 and the first large one-way bearing 111 is counterclockwise conducting, that is, the inner ring can be conducted when rotating counterclockwise and is locked when rotating clockwise.
At this time, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the dark color filling in the drawing indicates a dead-locked one-way bearing, the light color filling indicates a turned-on one-way bearing, if the external input drive input shaft 21 rotates clockwise (the first operating condition), the first small one-way bearing 121 is turned on, the second small one-way bearing 122 is locked, the planet carrier 33 is driven to rotate clockwise, the first large one-way bearing 111 is locked, the second large one-way bearing 112 is turned on, and the planet gear 34 is driven to rotate counterclockwise, so that the sun gear 35 is driven to rotate clockwise.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, if the external input drives the input shaft 21 to rotate counterclockwise (the second operating condition), the first small one-way bearing 121 is locked, the second small one-way bearing 122 is turned on, the first large one-way bearing 111 is turned on, the input shaft 21 drives the ring gear carrier 31 to rotate counterclockwise, the second large one-way bearing 112 is locked to fix the planet gear carrier 33, and the ring gear carrier 31 drives the planet gear 34 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the planet gear 34 drives the sun gear 35 to rotate clockwise.
The above example is only one, and the directions of the four one-way bearings are switched, so that the output shaft 22 can rotate anticlockwise when the input shaft 21 rotates back and forth.
It should be noted that, the one-way bearing is a one-way needle bearing, which has the advantage of compact structure, and on the premise of providing similar functions, the use of other types of one-way bearings (or called overrunning clutches) or ratchet-pawl mechanisms are all similar in construction and are also included in the protection scope of this patent.
According to the mechanical motion rectifier based on the planetary gear train 3, power is transmitted to the output shaft 22 through the planetary gear train 3 through the input shaft 21, the planetary gear train 3 can improve the transmission ratio of the mechanical motion rectifier, the mechanical motion rectifier is further provided with four one-way bearings, the one-way bearings are matched with the planetary gear train 3 to achieve the single rotation direction of the output shaft 22 through the characteristic that the one-way bearings can only rotate in the single direction, and the problem that the input shaft 21 frequently changes in the rotation direction to cause more energy loss is solved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the conduction direction of the first small one-way bearing 121 is the same as the conduction direction of the second large one-way bearing 112, the conduction direction of the second small one-way bearing 122 is the same as the conduction direction of the first large one-way bearing 111, and the conduction direction of the first small one-way bearing 121 is opposite to the conduction direction of the first large one-way bearing 111, so that the unidirectional rotation output of the output shaft 22 can be realized by adjusting the conduction direction of the one-way gear, and the energy loss caused by the switching of the rotation direction of the input shaft 21 can be avoided.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the planet carrier 33 includes a front end flange 331 and a rear end flange 332, the front end flange 331 and the rear end flange 332 are axially symmetrically arranged, the planet shaft is installed between the front end flange 331 and the rear end flange 332, the front end flange 331 is sleeved on the outer ring of the second small one-way bearing 122 and is rigidly connected with the second small one-way bearing 122, the rear end flange 332 is inserted into the inner ring of the second large one-way bearing 112 and is rigidly connected with the second large one-way bearing 112, the planet carrier 33 with a double-flange structure operates more stably due to its symmetrical structural design, and the flanges are arranged on both axial sides of the planet gear 34 for limiting and protecting, so as to improve the assembly reliability and durability of the planet gear 34.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the input shaft 21 includes a first shaft section and a second shaft section which are coaxially disposed, a diameter of the first shaft section is larger than a diameter of the second shaft section, one end of the first shaft section is connected with one end of the second shaft section, an inner ring of the first small one-way bearing 121 and an inner ring of the second small one-way bearing 122 are sleeved on the second shaft section, a diameter of the first shaft section is larger, and a portion of the first shaft section protruding out of the second shaft section can provide axial installation positioning and sealing protection, and provide a limit for an internal structure.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the planetary gears 34 is three, the number of the planetary shafts is the same as the number of the planetary gears 34, the planetary gears 34 are equally spaced along the circumference of the planetary gear carrier 33, the three planetary gears 34 are uniformly distributed, so that the planetary gears 34 having multiple directions in the circumference provide support and transmission, the stability of operation is better, and according to specific working condition requirements, the number of the planetary gears 34 and the planetary shafts can be increased or decreased to ensure stable transmission.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the housing 4 is a composite cylindrical structure and is provided with a plurality of mounting holes. The inside of the shell 4 is used for fixing the one-way bearing and the planetary gear train 3, and the mounting hole is used for fixing on an external structure. Specifically, the housing 4 is assembled by the front cover 41 and the rear cover 41, and the shape and the installation manner of the housing 4 are not limited, and it is only necessary to satisfy the installation fixing function.
In some embodiments of the present invention, it is contemplated that the ratio of the number of teeth of the sun gear 35 to the number of teeth of the ring gear 32 is 36:64, which depends on the desired acceleration ratio, and should not be taken as a limitation of the present invention, and any ratio change that can be produced by merely changing the number of teeth of the ring gear and the size of the ring gear should be within the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A mechanical motion rectifier based on a planetary gear train is characterized by comprising:
the shell is internally provided with a cavity;
the input shaft and the output shaft are coaxially arranged, the input shaft is used for inputting external power, and the output shaft is used for connecting an external driven part;
the planetary gear train is arranged in the cavity and comprises a ring gear frame, a planetary gear shaft, a planetary gear frame and a central gear, wherein the ring gear frame is provided with an inner gear ring, the planetary gear is rotatably arranged on the planetary gear frame through the planetary gear shaft, the central gear is meshed with the planetary gear, the ring gear frame is arranged on the periphery of the planetary gear in the circumferential direction and meshed with the planetary gear, and the central gear is sleeved on the output shaft;
the one-way bearing assembly is arranged in the cavity and comprises a first large one-way bearing, a second large one-way bearing, a first small one-way bearing and a second small one-way bearing, the outer ring of the first large one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the shell, the inner ring of the first large one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the gear ring frame, the outer ring of the second large one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the shell, the inner ring of the second large one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the planet gear carrier, the outer ring of the first small one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the gear ring frame, and the inner ring of the first small one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the input shaft; the outer ring of the second small one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the planet carrier, and the inner ring of the second small one-way bearing is rigidly connected with the input shaft.
2. A planetary gear train based mechanical motion rectifier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conducting direction of the first small one-way bearing is the same as the conducting direction of the second large one-way bearing, the conducting direction of the second small one-way bearing is the same as the conducting direction of the first large one-way bearing, and the conducting direction of the first small one-way bearing is opposite to the conducting direction of the first large one-way bearing.
3. The planetary gear train-based mechanical motion rectifier of claim 1, wherein the planet carrier comprises a front end flange and a rear end flange, the front end flange and the rear end flange are axially symmetrically arranged, the planet wheel shaft is installed between the front end flange and the rear end flange, the front end flange is sleeved on an outer ring of the second small one-way bearing and is rigidly connected with the second small one-way bearing, and the rear end flange is inserted in an inner ring of the second large one-way bearing and is rigidly connected with the second large one-way bearing.
4. The planetary gear train-based mechanical motion rectifier of claim 1, wherein the input shaft comprises a first shaft section and a second shaft section which are coaxially arranged, the diameter of the first shaft section is larger than that of the second shaft section, one end of the first shaft section is connected with one end of the second shaft section, and the inner ring of the first small one-way bearing and the inner ring of the second small one-way bearing are sleeved on the second shaft section.
5. The mechanical motion rectifier based on the planetary gear train as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the input shaft rotates in a reciprocating manner clockwise or counterclockwise, the reciprocating rotation of the input shaft is integrated into the unidirectional rotation of the output shaft and is output through the output shaft under the action of the unidirectional bearing and the planetary gear train; meanwhile, due to the action of the planetary gear train, the rotating speed can be increased according to the set transmission ratio, and the transmission ratio is equal when the input shaft rotates clockwise or anticlockwise; due to the introduction of the planetary gear train, the coaxial arrangement of the input shaft and the output shaft can be realized, and the three characteristics exist together and are the outstanding characteristics of the invention.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111342748.6A CN114233816A (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Mechanical motion rectifier based on planetary gear train |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111342748.6A CN114233816A (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Mechanical motion rectifier based on planetary gear train |
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| CN102494083A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-13 | 叶羽经 | Constant-speed reverse transfer planetary reducer |
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| CN206634149U (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-11-14 | 苏州八方电机科技有限公司 | Deceleration wheel hub motor |
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| CN113028018A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-06-25 | 上海交通大学 | Transmission device |
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