CN114219289A - Construction cost control method based on BIM and Internet of things technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction cost control method based on BIM and Internet of things technology, which comprises the following steps: building a BIM + GIS model, counting the engineering quantity from the model, and issuing a target cost after setting the construction quota of the enterprise and charging; the consumption of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment is automatically collected through the technology of the Internet of things, the consumption is classified, counted and analyzed according to the construction quota compiling requirement, and basic data are provided for the enterprise construction quota of the revision; meanwhile, indirect fees in subjects to be calculated are collected according to the cost accounting cost collection requirement, and are compared with the target cost to form construction cost control data and two-dimensional and three-dimensional visual models, and online signing of the data with electronic signatures is completed.

Description

Construction cost control method based on BIM and Internet of things technology

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engineering construction cost control, in particular to a construction cost control method based on BIM and Internet of things technology.

Background

At present, the current common operation method in the field of engineering construction cost management and control is that engineering technicians at the project department count the parts and quantity of finished projects and calculate the theoretical consumption quantity of materials, interior workers calculate the output value corresponding to the quantity of finished projects and manually settle the engineering labor, material equipment managers count the actual consumption quantity and the amount of materials and the mechanical equipment fee after inventing a material warehouse, safety and environmental protection personnel count the generated safety and environmental protection investment cost, other department personnel count the actual cost returned to the department, and financial personnel count and recheck the cost sum counted by each department and the balance of accounting subjects; then, the internal or financial staff manually collects all the cost data, calculates the actual cost accounting index of the finished project, compares the actual cost accounting index with the target cost index issued by the superior unit and calculates whether the preset cost management target is finished or not; and finally, a main project manager calls a cost control result analysis meeting, summarizes management experience, makes improvement measures and signs a cost accounting report as basic data of higher-level unit assessment.

The existing construction cost control method has the main problems that: the method has the advantages that through manual calculation, statistics and summarization of different working post personnel for multiple times, data are prone to errors; due to different professional rules among different functional departments, the data statistics calibers are easily inconsistent; manual calculation and statistics can be carried out to modify data manually and actively, so that the authenticity of the data is reduced; because the project department can manually modify data to increase the checking index for the purpose of income at hand, and the superior unit also adopts manual recheck, the recheck work has high difficulty and low efficiency, and the data problem can not be rechecked unless obvious logic error occurs; the cost control relates to all functional departments, coordination and matching are not easy, specific checking workload is quite large, and in addition, the consciousness concept of the project department on the cost control is thin and the importance understanding depth is insufficient, so that the cost checking is considered to be a digital game, and the cost checking has no great practical significance and is compiled for coping with the inspection of superior units; the cost control data lag, and data indexes and cost early warning prompts cannot be provided for managers in time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of the existing cost control method and provides a construction cost control method based on BIM and Internet of things technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:

a construction cost control method based on BIM and Internet of things technology comprises the following steps:

s1, establishing an enterprise construction quota library and a rate fee-taking standard library;

s2, building a BIM according to the WBS division requirement of a work breakdown structure analysis method, generating a GIS format file of the BIM and integrating the GIS format file into a three-dimensional map; counting the engineering quantity of each engineering part in a BIM model, and generating an engineering quantity list through a list;

s3, applying quota and taking fee under the project amount list to determine project income and target cost, analyzing construction cost constitution and determining the key and core of construction cost control;

s4, setting a classification statistical standard of enterprise construction quota consumption according to the requirements of 'road engineering construction quota determination and establishment rules' on the quota consumption of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment; the manual quota is the number standard of manual work days consumed by completing unit qualified products under normal construction conditions; the material quota is the standard of the quantity of the materials consumed by unit qualified products under the normal construction condition; the mechanical quota is the standard of the number of mechanical machine shifts consumed by unit qualified products under normal construction conditions;

s5, collecting materials, mechanical equipment and manual consumption by applying a 5G network information communication technology, a BIM technology, a GIS technology, a GPS or Beidou positioning technology, an engineering material image recognition technology, an Internet of things technology and an identity recognition technology on a construction site, and classifying, summarizing and analyzing the collected data according to mathematical statistics and requirements of road engineering construction quota determination and establishment regulations;

s6, carrying out cost accounting on the finished project, comparing and analyzing the cost with a target cost, and taking a deviation rectifying measure when the target cost is not reached; performing later cost prediction on the project which is not finished; the cost control result is visually displayed in a BIM + GIS model;

s7, rechecking by a cost engineer to confirm the non-rated consumption, deducting from the total consumption, and calculating a gross error and a random error; and compiling the construction quota of the revision enterprise.

Further, in step S3, when the quota is applied, the project cost is calculated by applying the industry budget quota and the enterprise construction quota, respectively, and then the deficiency list details under the condition of applying the two quotas are found after comparison, and are used as high risk points for key management and control; applying the cost calculated by the industry budget quota, and using the cost as the project income after signing a contract with a construction unit; the construction cost calculated by enterprise construction quota is used as the whole-period target cost amount of the project department after being examined and approved by the construction unit and the superior unit, and is used as the cost assessment index of the project department.

Further, the step S5 specifically includes:

s51, monitoring materials: building a building material image database, and monitoring consumption:

s511, building a building material image database;

s512, information acquisition is carried out on the approach materials: at a weighbridge weighing place, automatically acquiring material weight data of a weighbridge control center by a system; meanwhile, image capture is carried out through the distributed high-definition cameras, and the image capture is compared with a building material image database to finish automatic analysis and identification of material types; the project department material management personnel checks through on-site actual rechecking, material purchasing plan, delivery bill of supplier and system acquisition information, and inputs material bill and other information recorded by the value-added tax invoice into the system, and the on-line signed material enters the warehouse and checks the bill; at this moment, the acquisition of the entrance and warehousing information of the materials is finished, and the information comprises material types, specifications, models, entrance time and quantity, unit prices, invoices, storage places, and corresponding material purchasing plans and delivery lists;

s513, associating the BIM + GIS model divided with the WBS structure tree with a mixing station and a numerical control steel centralized processing control center; on-site management personnel at project department push the instruction to the project management layer of the sub-project to be constructed to the relevant department through the mobile terminal APP, and the examination and approval are completed on line. Operators of the mixing station and the numerical control steel centralized processing center carry out concrete mixing and steel processing according to instructions;

gravel, cement, additives and asphalt materials consumed by concrete are collected through a metering device in a mixing station, and the material consumption and the related information of the structural part are collected; for steel, collecting the machining structure part and the type, specification and quantity of the steel through a numerical control steel centralized machining control center; at this moment, the ex-warehouse of the materials and the consumption information of the semi-finished products are acquired, wherein the information comprises the types, specifications, models, quantity, inventory time and processing time of the materials;

s514, transporting the centrally processed semi-finished products to a construction site for pouring and installing, and rechecking and confirming consumption by field management personnel at the project department through the mobile terminal APP;

s515, for other materials which are not weighed, are not concrete and are not steel materials and have small proportion, after on-site checking by a material manager at the project department, manually inputting relevant information into a material monitoring module in the system;

s52, monitoring mechanical equipment: recording the walking route of the movable mechanical equipment through a positioning and sensor technology, integrating the walking route into a BIM (building information modeling) and GIS (geographic information system) model, and simultaneously acquiring the running condition of the movable mechanical equipment and the starting time, the stopping time, the working time and the power energy consumption including oil and electricity of an engine; acquiring the running condition of fixed mechanical equipment and the starting time, the stopping time, the working time and the power energy consumption including oil and electricity of an engine through a sensor; the field management personnel at the project department rechecks and confirms the consumption through the mobile terminal APP;

s53, monitoring manual work: a face recognition instrument is arranged at an entrance of a gate of a construction site or a place where a worker speaks before work to determine the identity and the number of the workers, and the working track and the working time of the workers are automatically acquired through a positioning device arranged in a safety helmet or a mobile phone; the field management personnel at the project department rechecks and confirms the consumption through the mobile terminal APP;

s54, monitoring the consumption, namely monitoring the consumption in the detailed items such as site construction cost, safety production cost, measure cost and the like besides the material, mechanical equipment and artificial consumption in direct cost;

s55, collecting the working track and the working time of the field management personnel at the project department in a monitoring mode of an operation worker, wherein the working track and the working time are used as one of modes for checking the working performance of the field management personnel and also used as one of reference bases for confirming the accuracy of materials, mechanical equipment and manual monitoring consumption;

s56, analyzing the monitoring tracks of materials, mechanical equipment and manpower in a BIM + GIS model according to the time of day, week, month and season, and checking whether the track range is in the reasonable working range of the coordinates of the engineering structure; if the consumption exceeds the reasonable range, further verifying whether the consumption is used in the project, and if the consumption is used in other projects, taking management measures;

s57, generating a working time and operation point heat point diagram of manual and mechanical equipment in a BIM + GIS model; in the area with the dark color of the hotspot graph, the supervision is further strengthened and whether the resource investment is matched or not is analyzed;

s58, monitoring quantity management and use: according to the evaluation standard of statistical significance difference, when the difference between the automatically acquired quantity of the system and the quantity verified by the project site manager is within 1%, the difference is not significant, and the system automatically sends the difference to the project site manager; when the quantity difference is greater than 1% and less than 5%, the difference is obvious, and the system automatically sends the difference to a project main manager to remind the management alertness to be aroused in the case of the obvious difference; when the quantity difference is 5% or more, the difference is extremely obvious, and the system automatically sends the difference to a company related manager in the case; when the latter two conditions occur, analyzing the reasons for the difference and sending the analysis result to corresponding personnel for confirmation to form closed-loop management, wherein the consumption confirmed after the reasons are analyzed is used as the quantity result of cost control and is applied; in the first situation, the quantity monitored by the system is directly used as a quantity result of cost control and is applied;

s59, unit price monitoring: the actual unit price statistics of the manual work, the material and the mechanical equipment of the project, the information unit price issued by a government cost department and the market unit price issued by a material manufacturer and a mechanical equipment manufacturer are manually collected to the system, the three are compared and analyzed, and various comparison graphs such as unit price, price difference, total price and the like are generated; through unit price monitoring and contrastive analysis, the management and control strength and level of the project department on the unit price are reflected.

Further, the step S6 specifically includes:

s61, according to the consumption quantity result data of cost monitoring, including non-quota consumption quantity, according to the actual unit price collected by unit price monitoring, the system automatically calculates the actual cost amount of labor cost, material cost and mechanical equipment cost, and adds the indirectly cost such as manually collected project department management cost, and summarizes the total cost of the finished project generated by project operation till now;

s62, comparing the target cost with the actual cost of the finished project, performing special analysis on whether the material consumption is controlled within a specified proportion, performing special analysis on the proportion of the non-quota consumption quantity, and simultaneously analyzing whether the cost of each project meets the target responsibility cost; further, analyzing whether the cost of the unmonitored indirect fee exceeds the target cost index requirement;

s63, comparing the actual cost of the finished project with the target cost, automatically sending cost control early warning information to a project department management team by the system when the deviation is more than 1%, sending early warning information to related functional department personnel of a construction unit by the system when the deviation is more than 3%, and sending early warning information to a leader layer of the construction unit or related personnel of a superior unit by the system when the deviation is more than 5%; the project department analyzes the deviation reason, makes and executes the deviation correcting measures, and ensures that the issued cost management target can be realized;

s64, after the total engineering quantity list subtracts the finished engineering quantity, performing later cost prediction on the unfinished engineering: during prediction, unit prices of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment are calculated according to contracts after the contracts are signed; if no contract is signed, determining according to enterprise construction quota and project early-stage cost accounting analysis result and combining with the current market price for comprehensive study and judgment;

s65, the project department, the company and the superior unit can collect the cost control report forms according to the management duty and the authority in a grading way according to the month, the season and the year and complete the examination and approval on line, and the electronic signature of the digital certificate is loaded during the on-line examination and approval;

s66, displaying the BIM + GIS visual model of the cost control result in a grading manner according to the management responsibility and the authority: the cost control data comprises actual cost accounting data of finished projects and cost prediction data of unfinished projects, and a three-dimensional BIM + GIS visual model which is displayed in a rendering mode in different colors is automatically generated; or generating a two-dimensional plane graph according to the cost control result; a project department, a company, a superior unit and the like inquire a multi-dimensional visual model and cost control data in real time through a PC (personal computer) end and a mobile end APP (application);

and S67, monitoring and analyzing the consumption of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment, comparing the consumption with the consumption of the industry budget quota, and evaluating whether the productivity level of the project department reaches the industry quota level.

Further, the step S7 specifically includes:

s71, summarizing the total consumption according to the specification of the step S4, verifying and subtracting the non-rated consumption by a cost engineer, analyzing and summarizing, and calculating gross errors and random errors to obtain the quasi-rated consumption;

s72, if the variation of the calculated quasi-rated consumption and any one of the consumption of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment of the original enterprise construction rating is larger than 15%, the enterprise construction rating is listed as a to-be-revised item, otherwise, the enterprise construction rating is not listed; if the new technology, the new process, the new equipment and the new material are adopted, the items are new quota items, consumption comparative analysis is not needed, and the items are directly listed as items to be revised;

and S73, after the enterprise construction quota item to be revised is examined and approved by a special workshop, an expert review meeting, a construction unit and a higher unit thereof, compiling a text and formally executing the text.

Preferably, the mobile terminal APP includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone and a mobile tablet.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the method has the advantages that through the Internet of things technology, the network information communication technology and the like, the consumption of operation workers (including mechanical workers) is automatically monitored in a full coverage mode, the consumption of materials, such as steel, ground materials and cement, which play a decisive role in cost is automatically monitored in a full coverage mode, and the consumption of large-scale mechanical equipment is automatically monitored in a full coverage mode;

core elements influencing the construction cost are automatically calculated and counted by the system, the data are updated in real time without time difference, manual modification is avoided, and the system monitoring data are real and reliable; analyzing unit price, quantity (including non-quota consumption) and amount of core elements to generate two-dimensional plane graphs and three-dimensional BIM + GIS visual models with various dimensions, so that managers at all levels including construction units and superior units can accurately know the cost state of a project in a straight pipe manner in real time;

thirdly, electronization and digitization are realized through the electronic signature of the digital certificate and cost control data, digital assets are formed, and basic big data are collected for enterprise construction quota of a revision;

the cost control data are automatically generated through monitoring, so that the influences of data lag and unreality caused by manual cost accounting and control are completely overcome when the construction cost data of the project are manually counted at present;

through monitoring the number of the working workers and the working track, the manual input of the construction and labor cooperation team is accurately mastered, and real and accurate data serve as a negotiation basis when disputes occur.

Firstly, converting a traditional two-dimensional drawing containing engineering design information into a three-dimensional stereo graph, which is generally called a 3D model; loading the project progress information on the model to form a model which can dynamically compare and represent the planned progress and the actual progress and is generally called a 4D model; reloading a model of cost information, generally referred to as a 5D model; quality information has also started to be loaded into the model in recent years, forming a 6D model; the safe production and the environmental protection of engineering construction are increasingly aggravated, and the engineering construction will undoubtedly become a new development field and dimension of the model; therefore, the formed engineering information is integrated in the same BIM model. The basic big database called by all the modules together is associated with the BIM model, the BIM model is a data sharing and exchange center, all data are integrated in the BIM model basic big database, a data island is broken through, data are exchanged freely, and the basic source of data acquired by all the modules is accurate and unique. The life cycle and the whole-element construction information are integrated in the model information database, the development and the application of a BIM technology 5D model or nD models with more dimensions in the life cycle of civil engineering are promoted, and the development direction is provided for digital infrastructure, intelligent civil engineering and artificial intelligence.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of the section of the road engineering budget quota of 2018 edition issued by the department of transportation.

Fig. 2 is an illustration of the selection of the construction quota of the 2020 version road engineering enterprise, which is established by a certain construction unit.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of particle fineness of WBS division and construction cost control of mixed pavement base course materials.

FIG. 4 is a manual quotum consumption classification statistical criterion.

FIG. 5 is a statistical criteria for rating consumption classification of mechanical equipment.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.

The construction cost control method based on the BIM and the Internet of things technology comprises the following specific steps:

s1, establishing a quota base and a rate fee-taking standard base;

the quota library comprises an approximate calculation issued by the industry department of the current effective version, a budget quota library and an enterprise construction quota library formulated by a construction unit; similarly, the rate charging standard library also comprises an approximation calculation, a budget rate charging standard library and an enterprise construction rate charging standard library. If the construction quota and the rate charge standard of an enterprise are not established in a certain construction unit, the construction quota and the rate charge standard issued by an industry department can be temporarily replaced after floating a certain proportion.

For example, the budget quota of the road engineering of 2018 edition issued by the department of transportation, the section is shown in figure 1, the number of quota entries in black boxes is 1-1-9-1, and the expression means that the bucket capacity is 0.6m³The excavator excavates and loads (the specific work items are shown in the upper left engineering content of the table) the soil 1000m³When the natural dense formula is adopted, the artificial consumption is 2.7 working days and 0.6m³The excavator consumption is 2.7 shifts, and the rated base price is 2535 yuan/1000 m³I.e. 2.54 yuan/m³. Approximate calculation and budget instituteThe rated items are completely consistent in expression form, and only the labor, materials, mechanical equipment consumption and engineering content are different.

Meanwhile, the construction quota of 2020 edition highway engineering enterprise formulated by a certain construction unit is shown in figure 2 in an alternate mode, and the expression means that 100m of earthwork is excavated and loaded by an excavator³When the natural dense formula is adopted, the artificial consumption is 0.19 working days, the excavator consumption is 0.09 machine shifts, and the rated base price is 200 yuan/100 m³I.e. 2.00 yuan/m³. Certainly, the enterprise construction quota expression forms of different construction units are not completely the same, but the substantial contents are consistent; the difference is that the unit price is different when the same work content is used, which reflects the difference of productivity level and management level between different construction units.

From a comparative analysis of fig. 1 and 2, it follows that: the earth moving with the budget quota in the highway engineering industry has a base price of 1.99 yuan/m according to different excavator models and different soil geological hardness degrees³3.39 yuan/m³(ii) a According to the summary of the unit price and the management level of the previous labor cooperation contract, the enterprise construction quota of a certain construction unit does not distinguish the mechanical model and the soft and hard degree of soil, and the base price is 2.00 yuan/m³(ii) a The consumption of the construction quota of the enterprise is lower than the budget quota of the industry, which means that on the quota item of the earth moving, the construction level of the unit is higher than the quota level of the industry (namely, the average advanced level is lower than the advanced level and slightly higher than the average level), and the unit is profitable; conversely, a partial rate entry that is below the industry rating level is deficient.

The charge rate standard comprises a charge calculation base number and a charge rate proportion, such as winter construction increasing charge (industry budget charge rate standard: the charge calculation base number is the sum of the rated labor cost and the rated mechanical equipment cost, and the charge rate proportion according to different administrative regions and different engineering categories is 0.073% -19.52%), rainy season construction increasing charge, night construction increasing charge, test detection charge, enterprise management charge, construction site construction charge and safe production charge. The general trend of the enterprise construction rate charge standard is the same as that of the quota comparison, the enterprise construction rate charge standard is lower than the budget rate charge standard of the industry, but the individual charge standard is also higher than the industry standard.

S2, building a BIM according to WBS division requirements, generating a GIS format file of the BIM and integrating the GIS format file into a three-dimensional map; counting the engineering quantity of each engineering part in the model, and generating an engineering quantity list through a list;

there are various ways to build a BIM model; WBS division is carried out according to the engineering quality inspection evaluation standard and the cost control requirement of the current effective version; meanwhile, the project amount list format and the list detail project amount statistical standard are set according to the current effective version list metering rule.

Work breakdown structure analysis (WBS): the measurable manual work, materials and mechanical equipment in the working procedure operation are used as guidance, the engineering project is decomposed step by step according to unit engineering, subsection engineering, project, working procedure and working procedure operation, and the working content of the working procedure operation of the whole engineering project is summarized and defined. One layer down per decomposition represents a more detailed definition of the process operation; the specific fineness of the WBS partition particles is determined according to the requirement, for example, the fineness of the WBS partition and construction cost control particle for mixing the pavement base layer mixture is shown in fig. 3.

S3, applying quota and taking fee under the project amount list to determine income and target cost, analyzing construction cost constitution and determining the key and core of construction cost control;

when the quota is applied, the project cost is respectively calculated according to the industry budget quota and the enterprise construction quota which need to be applied, and the defect list items under the two quota applying conditions are found after comparison and are used as high-risk points to perform key management and control. The cost calculated by the industry budget quota is applied and is used as the project income after the contract is signed with the construction unit. The construction cost calculated by applying the construction quota of the enterprise is used as the whole-period target cost amount of the project department after being examined and approved by the construction unit and the superior unit thereof, is used as the cost assessment index of the project department, and is one of the important constituent elements of the comprehensive assessment index.

For example, a mountain highway located in a certain province in the southwest of China has the basic overview: newly building a bidirectional four-lane, designing the speed to be 80 km/h, and the width of the integral roadbed to be 25.5 m; the total length of the route is 78 kilometers, wherein the roadbed is 26 kilometers, the bridge is 24 kilometers, the tunnel is 17 kilometers, the junction intercommunicating positions are 2, and the general intercommunicating positions are 5 (the lengths of the roadbed, the bridge and the tunnel refer to the length of the main line of the route, and the length of the main line does not contain the length in the intercommunicating range); the total cost is 1228128 ten thousand yuan after the industry budget quota is applied, and the specific composition is shown in table 1; wherein the construction safety fee is 987099 ten thousand yuan, and the specific composition is shown in a table 2; the construction and safety fee accounts for 80.4% of the total cost, and the direct fee accounts for 74% of the construction and safety fee. The construction security fee is directly related to a construction unit and is the center of cost control of the construction unit; and 19.6 percent of the non-construction security fee is not used and expended by construction units and is not used as the working category of cost control of the construction units.

TABLE 1

TABLE 2

The direct cost specific composition was analyzed and is shown in table 3. The data in the table shows that the construction and safety fees mainly include labor fees, material fees and mechanical equipment fees, the total of the three fees accounts for 74.0% of the construction and safety fees, the three fees are the core of construction cost control, and the three fees are collectively called as direct fees in construction.

TABLE 3

The indirect fee composition in the construction and safety fee is analyzed, the specific composition is shown in table 4, and accounts for 26.0% of the construction and safety fee. The site construction cost has wide range and various types; the measure expense refers to the expense for increasing construction expense in winter, construction expense in rainy season, construction expense in night and the like; the safe production cost is special for special money; however, the three are composed of labor cost, material cost and mechanical equipment cost, and only the cost division and classification relations are listed. The equipment purchase cost is used by a construction unit and is not used as the working scope of the cost control of the construction unit. The standard fee is related fee which must be paid by a construction unit according to the regulations of laws and regulations; the profit is the predicted profit amount calculated according to the profit rate specified by the budget estimate compilation method, and is not the actually obtained profit, and the actual profit is generally higher than the budget profit; the value-added tax fund refers to the value-added tax sales tax amount which is required to be added to the construction and installation project cost specified by the national tax Law. Through analyzing the composition and specific content of indirect fee, the key management and control object in the indirect fee is enterprise management fee which accounts for 2.3% of the construction and security fee; meanwhile, site construction cost, safety production cost and measure cost are key control objects, and the site construction cost, the safety production cost and the measure cost account for 4.1% of the construction and safety cost in total.

TABLE 4

Furthermore, the proportion of the material cost in the construction and safety cost is as high as 51.7%, meanwhile, the variety of materials used in engineering construction is wide, and the composition analysis of different types of material cost is shown in Table 5. The analysis data shows that the proportion of the steel material to the construction safety charge is 15.9%, the proportion of the ground material to the construction safety charge is 11.9%, the proportion of the asphalt and the cement to the construction safety charge is 10.9%, and the total of the three types of material charges (which are called as three main materials in construction) accounts for 38.7%, 52.3% and 74.9%. For this reason, the consumption and unit price of the three main materials are taken as the core of material cost monitoring. The three main materials are processed in a centralized manner on the site of a construction site, and convenience is brought to a certain extent for monitoring consumption, so that the material consumption monitoring is mainly performed on a numerical control steel centralized processing field and a mixing station; the mixing stations comprise a cement mixing station and an asphalt mixing station.

TABLE 5

The mechanical equipment cost analysis is specifically shown in table 6, and the mechanical equipment is divided into a movable part such as a bulldozer and a fixed part such as an electric winch. Because the movable mechanical equipment is free-running, the running track and the utilization rate of the movable mechanical equipment are taken as the key points of cost monitoring, and the utilization rate of the fixed mechanical equipment is also taken as the key point of monitoring. Meanwhile, fuel oil and electricity are used as power energy of mechanical equipment, and the cost accounts for 43.6% of the cost of the mechanical equipment; the driver who operates the machinery, namely the mechanic, accounts for 14.7 percent of the cost of the mechanical equipment; both add up to 58.3% of the machinery cost.

TABLE 6

The data analysis result is obtained by applying 2018 road project budget quota calculation (the data is more representative and has referential property in the whole country by analyzing the industry budget quota cost), and if the data is analyzed by the enterprise construction quota, the specific data proportion is slightly changed, but the proportion trend is consistent. Meanwhile, different engineering projects are influenced by various factors such as different proportions of roadbeds, bridges, tunnels and intercommunicating buildings, different administrative areas, different levels of labor, materials and unit prices of mechanical equipment, and the like, so that the proportion of various expenses is slightly different, but the proportion trends are consistent; in addition, the extreme situation that the proportion of the construction and safety fees and the proportion of the non-construction and safety fees are reversed can occur in an economically developed city with extremely scarce land resources, but the proportion trend of the concrete components of the construction and safety fees is consistent.

S4, setting a classification statistical standard of enterprise construction quota consumption according to the requirements of 'road engineering construction quota determination and establishment rules' on the quota consumption of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment;

the manual quota is the number standard of manual work days consumed by completing unit qualified products under normal construction conditions; the material quota is the standard of the quantity of the materials consumed by unit qualified products under the normal construction condition; the mechanical rating is the number standard of mechanical shifts consumed to complete unit qualified products under normal construction conditions. The rated consumption classification statistical standard of the manual and mechanical equipment is shown in detail in fig. 4 and 5.

Further, the material consumption includes a net consumption of material and a loss of material; the net consumption of the materials is the consumption quantity of the materials forming the engineering entity, and is obtained by theoretical calculation of the area and the volume of the structure; the amount of material lost is the amount of material lost that is inevitable during on-site transport and handling. The material loss amount is the weight measured when the material arrives at the site, the stock amount, the net material consumption amount, the site stacking amount and the rework loss amount.

The turnover material is a tool material which is used for many times in the construction process, basically keeps the original physical form of the turnover material, and gradually transfers the value of the turnover material to the engineering cost without forming an engineering entity; the proportion of the part is small, and the influence on the whole project cost is not decisive. The turnover materials are gradually amortized and counted after being used for multiple times, so the cost is still controlled by adopting the traditional manual accounting and amortization mode, and the amortized cost amount is directly recorded into the balance of the turnover material subject of the system.

S5, automatically monitoring the consumption of materials, mechanical equipment and manpower, and carrying out statistical analysis;

the method comprises the steps of collecting materials, mechanical equipment and labor consumption by applying a 5G network information communication technology, a BIM technology, a GIS technology, a GPS or Beidou positioning technology, an engineering material image recognition technology, an Internet of things technology and an identity recognition technology on a construction site, and classifying, summarizing and analyzing collected data according to mathematical statistics and requirements of road engineering quota determination and establishment regulations.

S51, monitoring materials: building a building material image database and monitoring consumption;

and S511, establishing a building material image database according to the main material types obtained by analyzing in the table 5.

And S512, information acquisition is carried out on the approach materials. At a weighbridge weighing place, automatically acquiring material weight data of a weighbridge control center by a system; meanwhile, the distributed high-definition cameras are used for capturing images and are compared with a building material image database, and automatic analysis and identification of material types are completed.

The project department material management personnel checks through on-site actual recheck, material purchasing plan, delivery bill of supplier and system acquisition information, and inputs material bill and other information recorded by the value-added tax invoice into the system, and the on-line signed material enters the warehouse and checks the bill. At this moment, the acquisition of the entrance and storage information of the materials is finished, and the information comprises material types, specifications, models, entrance time and quantity, unit prices, invoices, storage places, and corresponding material purchasing plans and delivery lists.

And S513, associating the BIM + GIS model divided with the WBS structure tree with a mixing station and a numerical control steel centralized processing control center. On-site management personnel at project department push the instruction to the project management layer of the sub-project to be constructed to the relevant department through the mobile terminal APP, and the examination and approval are completed on line. And operators of the mixing station and the numerical control steel centralized processing center carry out concrete mixing and steel processing according to instructions.

Materials such as gravel, cement, additives, asphalt and the like consumed by concrete are acquired through a metering device in the mixing station; for steel, the processing structure part and the type, specification and quantity of the steel are collected through a numerical control steel centralized processing control center. And at this moment, the ex-warehouse of the materials and the collection of the consumption information of the semi-finished products are finished, wherein the information comprises the types, specifications, models, quantity, inventory time and processing time of the materials.

And S514, transporting the centrally processed semi-finished products to a construction site for pouring and installing, and rechecking and confirming the consumption by field management personnel at the project department through the mobile terminal APP.

S515, for other materials which are not weighed, are not concrete and are not steel materials and have small proportion, after the on-site check of the material management personnel at the project department, relevant information is manually input into the material monitoring module in the system.

S52 monitoring mechanical equipment

Movable mechanical equipment (e.g. bulldozer, excavator): the walking route of the mechanical equipment is recorded and integrated into a BIM (building information modeling) and GIS (geographic information system) model (space monitoring) through a positioning and sensor technology, and meanwhile, the running condition of the mechanical equipment and the starting time, the stopping time, the working time and the power energy consumption (quantity and time monitoring) including oil and electricity of an engine are collected.

Fixed mechanical equipment (such as tower cranes, numerical control steel centralized processing machines, mixing stations): the running condition of mechanical equipment and the starting time, the stopping time, the working time and the power energy consumption including oil and electricity of the engine are collected through the sensors.

And the field management personnel at the project department rechecks and confirms the consumption through the mobile terminal APP.

S53 monitors for human activity. A face recognition instrument is arranged at an entrance of a gate of a construction site or a place where a worker speaks before work to determine the identity and the number of the workers, and the working track and the working time of the workers are automatically acquired through a positioning device arranged in a safety helmet or a mobile phone; and the field management personnel at the project department rechecks and confirms the consumption through the mobile terminal APP.

The monitoring of the operation workers is only carried out in working time and working places, and the problems of personal privacy and law are not involved; the non-working hours and non-working locations will stop monitoring.

Furthermore, at present, the construction workers used by the construction enterprises are generally provided by labor companies, and the construction enterprises and the labor companies sign labor subcontracts. In the engineering construction process, disputes can be easily generated between two parties due to economic benefits, the system tracks and monitors the whole working track of operation workers, real basic data can be provided for solving disputes, and the legal rights and interests of the two parties are maintained; the work worker attendance table generated by the system is compared and checked with the civil work wage table provided by the labor subcontracting unit, so that unreasonable appeal and claim of cooperative teams are avoided.

S54, monitoring the consumption, namely, the consumption in the detailed items such as site construction cost, safety production cost, measure cost and the like besides the material, mechanical equipment and artificial consumption in the direct cost.

And S55, collecting the work tracks and the work time of the field management personnel at the project department in a monitoring mode of the operation workers, wherein the work tracks and the work time can be used as one of modes for checking the work scores of the field management personnel and also as one of reference bases for confirming the accuracy of materials, mechanical equipment and manual monitoring consumption.

S56, analyzing the monitoring tracks of materials, mechanical equipment and manpower in the BIM + GIS model according to the time periods of day, week, month, season and the like, and checking whether the track range is in the reasonable working range of the coordinates of the engineering structure; if the consumption exceeds the reasonable range, further verification is needed to determine whether the consumption is used in the project, and if the consumption is not used in other projects, management measures are taken.

S57, generating a working time and operation point heat point diagram of manual and mechanical equipment in a BIM + GIS model; in the area with the deep color of the hotspot graph, the supervision and the analysis of whether the resource investment is matched or not are further strengthened.

And S58, monitoring quantity management and use. According to the evaluation standard of statistical significance difference, when the difference between the automatically acquired quantity of the system and the quantity verified by the project site manager is within 1%, the difference is not significant, and the system automatically sends the difference to the project site manager; when the quantity difference is greater than 1% and less than 5%, the difference is obvious, and the system automatically sends the difference to a project main manager to remind the management alertness to be aroused in the case of the obvious difference; a quantity difference of 5% or more indicates a significant difference, and the system automatically sends the difference to the company-related manager. When the latter two conditions occur, the reason for generating the difference needs to be analyzed, the analysis result is sent to a corresponding person to be confirmed, closed-loop management is formed, and the consumption confirmed after the reason is analyzed is used as the quantity result of cost control and is applied; in the first case, the quantity monitored by the system is directly adopted as the quantity result of cost control and is applied. The threshold value of the early warning information prompt of the monitoring data difference can be flexibly adjusted according to the management level of the enterprise.

And S59, monitoring unit price. The actual unit prices of the manual work, the materials and the mechanical equipment of the project (the actual unit prices are calculated in a weighting mode according to the total number of the entered places and the corresponding total purchase amount), information unit prices issued by government cost departments and market unit prices issued by materials and mechanical equipment manufacturers are manually collected to a system, the information unit prices, the materials and the market unit prices are compared and analyzed, and various comparison graphs of the unit prices, the price differences, the total prices and the like are generated at the same time. Through unit price monitoring and contrastive analysis, the management and control strength and level of the project department on the unit price are reflected.

S6, carrying out cost accounting on the finished project, comparing and analyzing the cost with a target cost, and taking a deviation rectifying measure when the target cost is not reached; performing later cost prediction on the project which is not finished; the cost control result is visually displayed in a BIM + GIS model;

s61, according to the consumption quantity result data of cost monitoring, the system comprises non-quota consumption quantity (part of quantity is counted in the finished engineering cost, but is not counted in the process of constructing quota consumption of a revision enterprise), according to the actual unit price collected by unit price monitoring, the system automatically calculates the actual cost amount of labor cost, material cost and mechanical equipment cost, and adds the indirectly cost such as manually collected project department management cost, and the total cost of finished engineering generated by project operation till now is summarized.

S62, comparing the target cost with the actual cost of the finished project, performing special analysis on whether the material consumption is controlled within a specified proportion, performing special analysis on the proportion of the non-quota consumption quantity, and simultaneously analyzing whether the cost of each project meets the target responsibility cost. Further, it is analyzed whether the non-monitored indirect cost (such as project department personnel wages, travel fees, etc.) exceeds the target cost index requirements.

And S63, comparing the actual cost of the finished project with the target cost, automatically sending cost control early warning information to a project department management team by the system when the deviation is more than 1%, sending early warning information to related functional department personnel of a construction unit by the system when the deviation is more than 3%, and sending early warning information to a leader layer of the construction unit or related personnel of a superior unit by the system when the deviation is more than 5%. And the project department analyzes the deviation reason, makes and executes deviation rectifying measures and ensures that the assigned cost management target can be realized. The deviation threshold value of the cost control early warning information prompt can be flexibly adjusted according to the management level of the enterprise.

And S64, after the total engineering quantity list subtracts the finished engineering quantity, carrying out later-stage cost prediction on the project which is not finished. During prediction, unit prices of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment are calculated according to contracts after the contracts are signed; and if the contract is not signed, determining the contract according to the enterprise construction quota and the cost accounting analysis result in the early stage of the project and combining the comprehensive study and judgment of the current market price. Meanwhile, in the early management process of the project department, the matters which can cause the construction cost to rise due to high risk points are found, and the risk fee is counted separately.

And S65, the project department, the company and the superior unit can collect the cost control report forms according to the management duty and the authority in a grading way according to the month, the season and the year, complete examination and approval on line, and load the electronic signature of the digital certificate when the examination and approval on line is carried out.

And S66, displaying the BIM + GIS visualization model of the cost control result in a grading manner according to the management responsibility and the authority. Automatically generating three-dimensional BIM + GIS visualization models with different color rendering and displaying for cost control data (including actual cost accounting data of finished projects and cost prediction data of unfinished projects); and generating a two-dimensional plane graph such as a column diagram, a broken line diagram, a pie chart, a radar chart and the like according to the cost control result. A project department, a company, a superior unit and the like inquire the multidimensional visual model and the cost control data in real time through a PC (personal computer) end and a mobile end APP (including a mobile phone, a mobile tablet and the like).

And S67, monitoring and analyzing the consumption of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment, comparing the consumption with the consumption of the industry budget quota, and evaluating whether the productivity level of the project department reaches the industry quota level.

S7, rechecking by a cost engineer to confirm the non-rated consumption, deducting from the total consumption, and calculating a gross error and a random error; and compiling a revision enterprise construction quota and continuously improving the revision enterprise construction quota.

And S71, summarizing the total consumption according to the specification of the step 4, verifying and subtracting the non-rated consumption by a cost engineer, analyzing and summarizing, and calculating gross errors and random errors to obtain the quasi-rated consumption.

S72, if the variation of the calculated quasi-rated consumption and any one of the consumption of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment of the original enterprise construction rating is larger than 15%, the enterprise construction rating is listed as a to-be-revised item, otherwise, the enterprise construction rating is not listed; different enterprises can adjust the consumption quantity change threshold according to the self management level. If the new technology, the new process, the new equipment and the new material are adopted, the items are new quota items, consumption comparative analysis is not needed, and the items are directly listed as items to be revised.

And S73, after the enterprise construction quota item to be revised is examined and approved by a special workshop, an expert review meeting, a construction unit and a higher unit thereof, compiling a text and formally executing the text.

Meanwhile, basic data are collected for the next round of enterprise construction quota according to the monitoring method so as to be continuously improved.

The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the limitations of the above specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A construction cost control method based on BIM and Internet of things technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, establishing an enterprise construction quota library and a rate fee-taking standard library;

s2, building a BIM according to the WBS division requirement of a work breakdown structure analysis method, generating a GIS format file of the BIM and integrating the GIS format file into a three-dimensional map; counting the engineering quantity of each engineering part in a BIM model, and generating an engineering quantity list through a list;

s3, applying quota and taking fee under the project amount list to determine project income and target cost, analyzing construction cost constitution and determining the key and core of construction cost control;

s4, setting a classification statistical standard of enterprise construction quota consumption according to the requirements of 'road engineering construction quota determination and establishment rules' on the quota consumption of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment; the manual quota is the number standard of manual work days consumed by completing unit qualified products under normal construction conditions; the material quota is the standard of the quantity of the materials consumed by unit qualified products under the normal construction condition; the mechanical quota is the standard of the number of mechanical machine shifts consumed by unit qualified products under normal construction conditions;

s5, collecting materials, mechanical equipment and manual consumption by applying a 5G network information communication technology, a BIM technology, a GIS technology, a GPS or Beidou positioning technology, an engineering material image recognition technology, an Internet of things technology and an identity recognition technology on a construction site, and classifying, summarizing and analyzing the collected data according to mathematical statistics and requirements of road engineering construction quota determination and establishment regulations;

s6, carrying out cost accounting on the finished project, comparing and analyzing the cost with a target cost, and taking a deviation rectifying measure when the target cost is not reached; performing later cost prediction on the project which is not finished; the cost control result is visually displayed in a BIM + GIS model;

s7, rechecking by a cost engineer to confirm the non-rated consumption, deducting from the total consumption, and calculating a gross error and a random error; and compiling the construction quota of the revision enterprise.

2. The BIM and IOT technology-based construction cost control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, when using the quota, the construction cost is calculated respectively according to the industry budget quota and the enterprise construction quota, and the deficiency list items under the condition of using the two quotas are found after comparison and are used as high risk points for key control; applying the cost calculated by the industry budget quota, and using the cost as the project income after signing a contract with a construction unit; the construction cost calculated by enterprise construction quota is used as the whole-period target cost amount of the project department after being examined and approved by the construction unit and the superior unit, and is used as the cost assessment index of the project department.

3. The construction cost control method based on the BIM and the IOT technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S5 specifically includes:

s51, monitoring materials: building a building material image database, and monitoring consumption:

s511, building a building material image database;

s512, information acquisition is carried out on the approach materials: at a weighbridge weighing place, automatically acquiring material weight data of a weighbridge control center by a system; meanwhile, image capture is carried out through the distributed high-definition cameras, and the image capture is compared with a building material image database to finish automatic analysis and identification of material types; the project department material management personnel checks through on-site actual rechecking, material purchasing plan, delivery bill of supplier and system acquisition information, and inputs material bill and other information recorded by the value-added tax invoice into the system, and the on-line signed material enters the warehouse and checks the bill; at this moment, the acquisition of the entrance and warehousing information of the materials is finished, and the information comprises material types, specifications, models, entrance time and quantity, unit prices, invoices, storage places, and corresponding material purchasing plans and delivery lists;

s513, associating the BIM + GIS model divided with the WBS structure tree with a mixing station and a numerical control steel centralized processing control center; on-site management personnel at project department push the instruction to the project management layer of the sub-project to be constructed to the relevant department through the mobile terminal APP, and the examination and approval are completed on line.

4. Operators of the mixing station and the numerical control steel centralized processing center carry out concrete mixing and steel processing according to instructions;

gravel, cement, additives and asphalt materials consumed by concrete are collected through a metering device in a mixing station, and the material consumption and the related information of the structural part are collected; for steel, collecting the machining structure part and the type, specification and quantity of the steel through a numerical control steel centralized machining control center; at this moment, the ex-warehouse of the materials and the consumption information of the semi-finished products are acquired, wherein the information comprises the types, specifications, models, quantity, inventory time and processing time of the materials;

s514, transporting the centrally processed semi-finished products to a construction site for pouring and installing, and rechecking and confirming consumption by field management personnel at the project department through the mobile terminal APP;

s515, for other materials which are not weighed, are not concrete and are not steel materials and have small proportion, after on-site checking by a material manager at the project department, manually inputting relevant information into a material monitoring module in the system;

s52, monitoring mechanical equipment: recording the walking route of the movable mechanical equipment through a positioning and sensor technology, integrating the walking route into a BIM (building information modeling) and GIS (geographic information system) model, and simultaneously acquiring the running condition of the movable mechanical equipment and the starting time, the stopping time, the working time and the power energy consumption including oil and electricity of an engine; acquiring the running condition of fixed mechanical equipment and the starting time, the stopping time, the working time and the power energy consumption including oil and electricity of an engine through a sensor; the field management personnel at the project department rechecks and confirms the consumption through the mobile terminal APP;

s53, monitoring manual work: a face recognition instrument is arranged at an entrance of a gate of a construction site or a place where a worker speaks before work to determine the identity and the number of the workers, and the working track and the working time of the workers are automatically acquired through a positioning device arranged in a safety helmet or a mobile phone; the field management personnel at the project department rechecks and confirms the consumption through the mobile terminal APP;

s54, monitoring the consumption, namely monitoring the consumption in the detailed items such as site construction cost, safety production cost, measure cost and the like besides the material, mechanical equipment and artificial consumption in direct cost;

s55, collecting the working track and the working time of the field management personnel at the project department in a monitoring mode of an operation worker, wherein the working track and the working time are used as one of modes for checking the working performance of the field management personnel and also used as one of reference bases for confirming the accuracy of materials, mechanical equipment and manual monitoring consumption;

s56, analyzing the monitoring tracks of materials, mechanical equipment and manpower in a BIM + GIS model according to the time of day, week, month and season, and checking whether the track range is in the reasonable working range of the coordinates of the engineering structure; if the consumption exceeds the reasonable range, further verifying whether the consumption is used in the project, and if the consumption is used in other projects, taking management measures;

s57, generating a working time and operation point heat point diagram of manual and mechanical equipment in a BIM + GIS model; in the area with the dark color of the hotspot graph, the supervision is further strengthened and whether the resource investment is matched or not is analyzed;

s58, monitoring quantity management and use: according to the evaluation standard of statistical significance difference, when the difference between the automatically acquired quantity of the system and the quantity verified by the project site manager is within 1%, the difference is not significant, and the system automatically sends the difference to the project site manager; when the quantity difference is greater than 1% and less than 5%, the difference is obvious, and the system automatically sends the difference to a project main manager to remind the management alertness to be aroused in the case of the obvious difference; when the quantity difference is 5% or more, the difference is extremely obvious, and the system automatically sends the difference to a company related manager in the case; when the latter two conditions occur, analyzing the reasons for the difference and sending the analysis result to corresponding personnel for confirmation to form closed-loop management, wherein the consumption confirmed after the reasons are analyzed is used as the quantity result of cost control and is applied; in the first situation, the quantity monitored by the system is directly used as a quantity result of cost control and is applied;

s59, unit price monitoring: the actual unit price statistics of the manual work, the material and the mechanical equipment of the project, the information unit price issued by a government cost department and the market unit price issued by a material manufacturer and a mechanical equipment manufacturer are manually collected to the system, the three are compared and analyzed, and various comparison graphs such as unit price, price difference, total price and the like are generated; through unit price monitoring and contrastive analysis, the management and control strength and level of the project department on the unit price are reflected.

5. The construction cost control method based on the BIM and the IOT technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S6 specifically includes:

s61, according to the consumption quantity result data of cost monitoring, including non-quota consumption quantity, according to the actual unit price collected by unit price monitoring, the system automatically calculates the actual cost amount of labor cost, material cost and mechanical equipment cost, and adds the indirectly cost such as manually collected project department management cost, and summarizes the total cost of the finished project generated by project operation till now;

s62, comparing the target cost with the actual cost of the finished project, performing special analysis on whether the material consumption is controlled within a specified proportion, performing special analysis on the proportion of the non-quota consumption quantity, and simultaneously analyzing whether the cost of each project meets the target responsibility cost; further, analyzing whether the cost of the unmonitored indirect fee exceeds the target cost index requirement;

s63, comparing the actual cost of the finished project with the target cost, automatically sending cost control early warning information to a project department management team by the system when the deviation is more than 1%, sending early warning information to related functional department personnel of a construction unit by the system when the deviation is more than 3%, and sending early warning information to a leader layer of the construction unit or related personnel of a superior unit by the system when the deviation is more than 5%; the project department analyzes the deviation reason, makes and executes the deviation correcting measures, and ensures that the issued cost management target can be realized;

s64, after the total engineering quantity list subtracts the finished engineering quantity, performing later cost prediction on the unfinished engineering: during prediction, unit prices of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment are calculated according to contracts after the contracts are signed; if no contract is signed, determining according to enterprise construction quota and project early-stage cost accounting analysis result and combining with the current market price for comprehensive study and judgment;

s65, the project department, the company and the superior unit can collect the cost control report forms according to the management duty and the authority in a grading way according to the month, the season and the year and complete the examination and approval on line, and the electronic signature of the digital certificate is loaded during the on-line examination and approval;

s66, displaying the BIM + GIS visual model of the cost control result in a grading manner according to the management responsibility and the authority: the cost control data comprises actual cost accounting data of finished projects and cost prediction data of unfinished projects, and a three-dimensional BIM + GIS visual model which is displayed in a rendering mode in different colors is automatically generated; or generating a two-dimensional plane graph according to the cost control result; a project department, a company, a superior unit and the like inquire a multi-dimensional visual model and cost control data in real time through a PC (personal computer) end and a mobile end APP (application);

and S67, monitoring and analyzing the consumption of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment, comparing the consumption with the consumption of the industry budget quota, and evaluating whether the productivity level of the project department reaches the industry quota level.

6. The construction cost control method based on the BIM and the IOT technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S7 specifically includes:

s71, summarizing the total consumption according to the specification of the step S4, verifying and subtracting the non-rated consumption by a cost engineer, analyzing and summarizing, and calculating gross errors and random errors to obtain the quasi-rated consumption;

s72, if the variation of the calculated quasi-rated consumption and any one of the consumption of manpower, materials and mechanical equipment of the original enterprise construction rating is larger than 15%, the enterprise construction rating is listed as a to-be-revised item, otherwise, the enterprise construction rating is not listed; if the new technology, the new process, the new equipment and the new material are adopted, the items are new quota items, consumption comparative analysis is not needed, and the items are directly listed as items to be revised;

and S73, after the enterprise construction quota item to be revised is examined and approved by a special workshop, an expert review meeting, a construction unit and a higher unit thereof, compiling a text and formally executing the text.

7. The BIM and IOT technology based construction cost management and control method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the mobile terminal APP includes but is not limited to a mobile phone and a mobile tablet.

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