CN114217050B

CN114217050B - Coal seam similar exploitation simulation device and coal seam similar exploitation simulation experiment method

Info

Publication number: CN114217050B
Application number: CN202111509809.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邢朕国; 李全生; 张凯; 刘新杰
Original assignee: China Energy Investment Corp Ltd; National Institute of Clean and Low Carbon Energy; Guoneng Shendong Coal Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Energy Investment Corp Ltd; National Institute of Clean and Low Carbon Energy; Guoneng Shendong Coal Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-10
Filing date: 2021-12-10
Publication date: 2024-02-09
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-10
Also published as: CN114217050A

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal seam similar exploitation simulation device and a coal seam similar exploitation simulation experiment method, which simulate exploitation of a coal seam through a chain, wherein each chain section is pulled out to simulate a coal cutter by a coal cutter, and the exploitation speed can be simulated only by controlling the speed of a pull chain, so that the accuracy is high; the change conditions of the bottom rock stratum, the water-resisting layer, the water-bearing layer and the overlying rock stratum can be simulated; the chains can be completely extracted, so that the collapse space of the overlying strata is not influenced, and the real goaf height can be simulated; the mechanical structure of the chain is adopted, so that the cementing strength of the top plate, the bottom plate and the surrounding rock of the model is not affected, and the machine is low in cost, convenient to operate and low in failure rate.

Description

Coal seam similar exploitation simulation device and coal seam similar exploitation simulation experiment method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of simulated exploitation of coal seams, in particular to a simulated device for simulated exploitation of coal seams and a simulated experimental method for simulated exploitation of the coal seams.

Background

Prior to coal mining, similarity modeling is typically employed to predict in advance the law of changes in coal and rock formations. The simulation experiment of similar materials is a method for researching deformation and destruction rules of rock mass under various stress states on a physical model by applying mechanical theory and method according to a similar principle. The simulation experiment of similar materials can comprehensively simulate a prototype, intuitively display the mechanical process and the like, and is one of effective ways for solving the mechanical problem of complex rock. In a similar simulation test, how to effectively realize simulated coal seam mining is a critical problem of the test.

At present, in a similar simulation experiment, the following modes for simulating coal mining are mainly adopted:

(1) And (5) artificial mechanical excavation. The method is the most traditional method for simulating coal seam excavation aiming at two-dimensional similarity simulation experiments, namely, the layer of the coal seam is manually excavated by using an iron sharp tool.

(2) Oil bag type. The layer of the coal seam is replaced by a plurality of oil bags with certain specification and size, and when the coal seam needs to be excavated, the pressure of the oil bags is relieved, so that oil in the oil bags flows back to a pump station, and the simulated coal seam excavation is realized.

(3) A water bag type. The water bag type is similar to the oil bag type, namely, a plurality of water bags with certain specification and size are adopted as simulated coal seams, and when the coal seams need to be excavated, water in the water bags is discharged.

(4) And (5) hydraulic lifting. The method is mainly aimed at three-dimensional simulation experiments, namely iron plates with certain specifications and dimensions are connected with a hydraulic cylinder, and when mining is needed, the height of the hydraulic cylinder is reduced, so that the coal seam excavation is simulated.

(5) And (5) electrically heating. And sealing the resistance wire in paraffin, replacing the coal seam with paraffin, and electrifying the resistance wire when excavation is needed, so that paraffin is melted, and simulating coal seam excavation is realized.

(6) Mining robots. Aiming at a three-dimensional simulation experiment and a complete coal seam exploitation process, the invention needs to pre-embed a coal cutting device in advance at an open-cut hole position, and drives the coal cutting device to move and complete coal cutting through a plurality of mechanical transmission devices.

The existing simulated coal seam mining mode has the following technical defects:

(1) The artificial machinery excavation type method has the advantages that the artificial machinery excavation type method is different in the excavation process due to the influence of factors such as different excavation strength and excavation interval of operators, and a simulation result is converted by a similarity coefficient to cause a larger error;

(2) The oil bag type and the water bag type can not simulate the real goaf height under the condition of complete exploitation because the oil bag/water bag is limited in shape and the oil/water is still left at a distance after being discharged and contracted, and the collapse space of an overburden layer is affected.

(3) Hydraulic lifting type coal seam bottom plate is not possible.

(4) The cementing strength of the top plate and the bottom plate of the model and surrounding rock can be affected after paraffin is melted by electric heating, so that the top plate is not easy to collapse, paraffin is accumulated in a goaf after being melted, and the collapse space of an overlying strata can be affected after re-solidification.

(5) The mining robot, the micro mining robot technology has not been applied in the practical simulation test due to high cost, complex technology, high failure rate and the like.

Therefore, the coal seam similar exploitation simulation device and the coal seam similar exploitation simulation experiment method which have the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and low cost and can accurately exploit the coal seam are necessary.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the coal seam similar exploitation simulation device and the coal seam similar exploitation simulation experiment method which have the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and low cost and can accurately exploit the coal seam.

The invention provides a coal seam similar exploitation simulation device, which comprises a box body, a bottom rock stratum paved on a bottom plate of the box body, a coal seam paved on the bottom rock stratum, a water-resisting layer paved on the coal seam, an aquifer paved on the water-resisting layer and an overburden layer paved on the aquifer, wherein the bottom rock stratum is paved on the bottom plate of the box body;

the side plates of the box body are made of toughened glass, and a protective bracket is arranged on the outer side of each piece of toughened glass;

a chain outlet extending along the left-right direction is arranged on one piece of toughened glass positioned at the front side of the box body;

the method comprises the steps that a coal seam to be mined is simulated by a chain paved on the bottom stratum, the chain comprises a plurality of chain sections which are sequentially connected end to end, and a chain rotating shaft of the chain is perpendicular to the bottom stratum;

the chain segments extend along the left-right direction of the bottom rock stratum, and a plurality of the chain segments are sequentially arranged on the bottom rock stratum along the front-back direction;

the height of the chain is smaller than that of the chain outlet, and the chain can be pulled out of the chain outlet to simulate coal seam excavation.

In one optional technical scheme, a sprocket for pulling the chain is mounted on the front side of the box, the sprocket is located on the front side of the chain outlet, a sprocket rotating shaft of the sprocket is parallel to the chain rotating shaft, and the sprocket rotating shaft is mounted on the protection support located on the front side of the box.

In one of the alternative technical schemes, a driving motor for driving the sprocket rotating shaft to rotate is also arranged on the protection bracket at the front side of the box body, and the output end of the driving motor is connected with the sprocket rotating shaft.

In one optional technical scheme, a supporting plate is arranged on the protecting bracket at the front side of the box body, a supporting plate opening parallel to the chain outlet is formed in the supporting plate, a sliding block bearing capable of sliding along the supporting plate opening is arranged in the supporting plate opening, and the sprocket rotating shaft is matched with the sliding block bearing;

the protective bracket at the front side of the box body is also provided with a bracket sliding rail parallel to the opening of the supporting plate, and the driving motor is in sliding connection with the bracket sliding rail;

and a reciprocating driving mechanism for driving the sliding block bearing to slide in a reciprocating manner is further arranged on the supporting plate.

In one optional technical scheme, the reciprocating driving mechanism is a piston, a cylinder barrel of the piston is connected with the supporting plate, and a piston rod of the piston is connected with the sliding block bearing.

In one optional technical scheme, a baffle plate for preventing the chain from falling off is arranged on one side of the chain wheel, the upper end of the baffle plate is connected with the sliding block bearing, and the lower end of the baffle plate is positioned below the chain wheel;

a channel for the chain to pass through is formed between the shutter and the sprocket.

In one optional technical scheme, a guide plate for guiding the chain to fall is arranged on one side of the lower end of the baffle plate, which faces the chain wheel;

the guide plate extends obliquely downward and forward from the lower end of the baffle plate.

In one alternative, a pressurizing mechanism is installed above the overburden.

In one alternative, the chain has analog lanes on the left and right sides.

The technical scheme of the invention also provides a simulation experiment method for the similar exploitation of the coal seam, which adopts the simulation device for the similar exploitation of the coal seam in any one of the technical schemes;

the simulation experiment method for the similar exploitation of the coal seam comprises the following steps:

s1: cameras are arranged around the box body, and photographing time intervals are preset;

s2: pulling out the chain from the chain outlet according to a preset speed until the chain is completely pulled out;

s3: and arranging the photographed images of the cameras to obtain the change rules of the bottom rock stratum, the waterproof layer, the water-bearing layer and the overlying rock stratum.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:

according to the coal seam similar exploitation simulation device and the coal seam similar exploitation simulation experimental method, the coal seam is simulated to be exploited through the chains, each chain section is pulled out, namely, a cutter is simulated by a coal cutter, the exploitation speed can be simulated only by controlling the speed of the pull chain, and the accuracy is high; the change conditions of the bottom rock stratum, the water-resisting layer, the water-bearing layer and the overlying rock stratum can be simulated; the chains can be completely extracted, so that the collapse space of the overlying strata is not influenced, and the real goaf height can be simulated; the mechanical structure of the chain is adopted, so that the cementing strength of the top plate, the bottom plate and the surrounding rock of the model is not affected, and the machine is low in cost, convenient to operate and low in failure rate.

Drawings

The present disclosure will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that: the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the figure:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a coal seam similar mining simulation device along a left-right direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a coal seam similar mining simulation device along a front-rear direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a tempered glass having a chain exit;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an arrangement of a chain;

fig. 5 is a perspective view of the protective bracket;

fig. 6 is a perspective view of the support plate;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a slider bearing;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the rack slide rail and the slide bar;

FIG. 9 is a top view of a reciprocating drive mechanism coupled between a support plate and a slider bearing;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a baffle plate coupled to a slider bearing disposed on one side of a sprocket;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the engagement of the chain with the sprocket;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a baffle plate with a guide plate mounted at the lower end thereof;

fig. 13 is a schematic view of the pull chain pulled outwardly by the sprocket.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.

As shown in fig. 1-5 and 13, a coal seam similar mining simulation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a box 100, a bottom rock layer 1 laid on a bottom plate of the box 100, a coal seam 2 laid on the bottom rock layer 1, a water-proof layer 5 laid on the coal seam 2, an aquifer 6 laid on the water-proof layer 5, and an overburden 7 laid on the aquifer 6.

The side plates of the box body 100 are toughened glass 101, wherein the outer side of each toughened glass 101 is provided with a protective bracket 200.

A piece of tempered glass 101 on the front side of the case 100 is provided with a chain outlet 102 extending in the left-right direction.

The chain 3 laid on the bottom rock layer 1 simulates a coal seam to be mined, the chain 3 comprises a plurality of chain segments 31 which are sequentially connected end to end, and a chain rotating shaft 32 of the chain 3 is perpendicular to the bottom rock layer 1.

The chain segments 31 extend in the left-right direction of the base rock layer 1, and a plurality of the chain segments 31 are arranged in order on the base rock layer 1 in the front-rear direction.

The height of the chain 3 is less than the height of the chain outlet 102, and the chain 3 can be pulled out from the chain outlet 102 to simulate coal seam excavation.

The invention provides a coal seam similar exploitation simulation device which is used for simulating coal seam exploitation through a chain 3.

The coal seam similar mining simulation device comprises a box body 100, wherein the box body comprises a box body bottom plate, a box body top plate and four box body side plates. In order to facilitate the camera to shoot the change rule of the rock stratum inside, the four box side plates adopt toughened glass 101. The side of the case facing the chain pulling operator is referred to as the front side, and the opposite side is referred to as the rear side, and the direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction is the left-right direction. In order to provide protection for the tempered glass 101, a protection bracket 200 is installed at the outer side of each tempered glass 101. The protective bracket 200 is a frame-type structure including a bracket bottom plate 201, a bracket top plate 202, and two bracket side plates 203. A bracket beam 204 is connected between the two bracket side plates 203. The bracket bottom plate 201, the bracket top plate 202 and the two bracket side plates 203 are positioned outside the peripheral edges of the tempered glass 101.

A chain outlet 102 is provided in the tempered glass 101 on the front side, and extends horizontally in the left-right direction.

A bottom layer 1 (coal bed floor), a coal bed 2, a water-resistant layer 5 (coal bed roof), an aquifer 6, and an overburden 7 are laid or constructed in this order in the box 100 from bottom to top. Each stratum or multiple layers of coal seams 2 can be constructed or laid according to actual needs.

Wherein the coal seam 2 to be mined consists of a chain 3. The chain 3 is a whole, and the chain 3 is bent and arranged on the bottom rock layer 1 along the arrow direction shown in fig. 4, so that the chain 3 is divided into a plurality of chain segments 31 which are connected end to end in sequence. Each strand 31 extends parallel to the chain exit 102, i.e. in a left-right direction. The plurality of link segments 31 are arranged in sequence in the fore-and-aft direction on the base formation 1. The chain rotation axis 32 of the chain 3 is perpendicular to the bottom rock layer 1, and the height of the chain 3 is smaller than the height of the chain outlet 102, so that the chain 3 can be pulled out from the chain outlet 102 to simulate coal seam excavation. At the time of laying the chain 3, the end of the foremost strand 31 is first extended from the chain exit 102 for the operator to pull out the chain 3.

When the coal seam mining needs to be simulated, cameras are installed around the box body 100, and photographing time intervals are preset. The chain 3 is then pulled out of the chain exit 102 at a preset speed, which is determined from the actual coal mining speed multiplied by the similarity ratio of the coal seam similarity mining simulation device, until the chain 3 is pulled out entirely. Then, the photographed images of the cameras are collated, and the image data are imported into a computer for drawing, so that the change rules of the bottom rock stratum 1, the water-resisting layer 5, the water-bearing layer 6 and the overlying rock stratum 7 are obtained.

In this embodiment, the experimenter can hold the chain 3 and pull it out at a constant speed according to a preset speed.

Therefore, the coal seam similar mining simulation device provided by the invention simulates the coal seam to be mined through the chain 3, and each section of chain segment 31 is pulled out to simulate a cutter of a coal cutter, so that the mining speed can be simulated only by controlling the speed of the pull chain 3, and the accuracy is high; the change conditions of the bottom rock stratum 1, the water-resisting layer 5, the water-bearing layer 6 and the overlying rock stratum 7 can be simulated; the chain 3 can be completely extracted, so that the collapse space of the overlying strata is not influenced, and the real goaf height can be simulated; the chain 3 with a mechanical structure is adopted, so that the cementing strength of the top and bottom plates of the model and surrounding rock is not affected, and the method is low in cost, convenient to operate and low in failure rate.

In one of the embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 13, a sprocket 9 for pulling the chain 3 is installed at the front side of the case 100, the sprocket 9 is located at the front side of the chain exit 102, a sprocket rotation shaft 91 of the sprocket 9 is parallel to the chain rotation shaft 32, and the sprocket rotation shaft 91 is installed on a protective bracket 200 located at the front side of the case 100.

In this embodiment, a sprocket shaft 91 is mounted on the front protective bracket 200, and the sprocket shaft 91 may be connected to the bracket beam 204 through a bearing. The sprocket 9 is mounted on the sprocket shaft 91. The sprocket 9 is located on the front side of the chain exit 102. In the experiment, the chain 3 can be meshed with the chain wheel 9, an operator can rotate the chain wheel rotating shaft 91 through the handle, and the chain wheel rotating shaft 91 drives the chain wheel 9 to rotate, so that the chain 3 is pulled out at a constant speed. The pulled-out chain 3 can be retracted below the front of the sprocket 9 without being wound around the sprocket 9 to avoid affecting engagement with the following chain 3.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a driving motor 10 for driving the sprocket rotating shaft 91 to rotate is further installed on the protective bracket 200 at the front side of the case 100, and an output end of the driving motor 10 is connected with the sprocket rotating shaft 91.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 5 to 8, a support plate 11 is mounted on a protective bracket 200 at the front side of the case 100, a support plate opening 111 parallel to the chain outlet 102 is provided on the support plate 11, a slide bearing 12 is provided in the support plate opening 111 to be slidable along the support plate opening 111, and the sprocket shaft 91 is engaged with the slide bearing 12.

The protection rack 200 at the front side of the case 100 is further provided with a rack slide rail 13 parallel to the support plate opening 111, and the driving motor 10 is slidably connected with the rack slide rail 13.

The support plate 11 is also provided with a reciprocating drive mechanism 15 for driving the slider bearing 12 to reciprocate.

In this embodiment, the sprocket 9 can be reciprocally moved in the left-right direction to synchronize with the drawing speed of the chain 3, thereby keeping the protruding portion of the chain 3 always oriented without tilting, facilitating the drawing out of the chain 3.

The front side protection bracket 200 is mounted with a horizontally extending support plate 11. The support plate 11 has a support plate opening 111, and the support plate opening 111 is parallel to the chain outlet 102. A slider bearing 12 is disposed in the support plate opening 111, and the slider bearing 12 is slidable along the support plate opening 111. The side wall of the support plate opening 111 has a guide groove 112. The outer ring of the sliding bearing 12 is provided with a convex block, the outer ring of the sliding bearing 12 is in clearance fit in the supporting plate opening 111, the convex block is in clearance fit in the guide groove 112, and the convex block can realize upper and lower limiting on the sliding bearing 12. The sprocket shaft 91 is fitted with the inner race of the slider bearing 12. The inner ring of the slider bearing 12 is rotatable relative to the outer ring of the slider bearing 12. The support plate 11 may be mounted on a bracket beam 204. The front protection rack 200 is further provided with rack slide rails 13, and the rack slide rails 13 are parallel to the support plate openings 111. The bracket slide 13 may be mounted on a bracket cross member 204. Only two carrier beams 204 are shown in fig. 3, a plurality of carrier beams 204 being of course arranged as required.

A sliding rod 14 extending horizontally forward is mounted on the bracket sliding rail 13. The support slide rail 13 is a slide groove, a cross-shaped guide groove is formed in the support slide rail, a cross-shaped convex rib is arranged at the rear end of the slide rod 14, and the cross-shaped convex rib is in clearance fit in the cross-shaped guide groove. The front side of the bracket slide rail 13 is provided with an opening of a slide groove. The slide bar 14 passes out of the opening of the chute. The slide bar 14 is slidable along the bracket slide rail 13. The drive motor 10 is connected below the slide bar 14 by fasteners.

The support plate 11 is provided with a reciprocating driving mechanism 15, an output end of the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 is connected with a connecting plate on the outer ring of the sliding block bearing 12, and the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 is used for driving the sliding block bearing 12 to slide reciprocally along the support plate opening 111.

Limit sensors 113 can be installed at the left and right ends of the support plate opening 111 or at the limit positions of the left and right movement of the slide bearings 12 as required, and the limit sensors 113 are connected with the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 and used for transmitting position signals to the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 so that the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 can adjust the direction of pushing the slide bearings 12.

Taking fig. 13 as an example, the rotation speed of the driving motor 10 and the speed of the push-pull slider bearing 12 of the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 are set in advance according to a preset speed, and the speed of the push-pull slider bearing 12 of the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 is equal to the preset speed.

When the driving motor 10 and the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 are started, the driving motor 10 drives the sprocket rotating shaft 91 to rotate anticlockwise, the sprocket 9 is driven to rotate the pull chain 3, meanwhile, the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 pushes the slider bearing 12 to the right side in fig. 13, the slider bearing 12 drives the sprocket rotating shaft 91 to synchronously move rightwards, and the sprocket rotating shaft 91 drives the sprocket 9 to synchronously move rightwards. When the slide bearing 12 moves right to the right, the limit sensor 113 on the right sends a signal to the reciprocating driving mechanism 15, the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 pulls the slide bearing 12 leftwards, the driving motor 10 keeps driving the chain wheel 9 to rotate anticlockwise, the chain 3 is continuously pulled out, the slide bearing 12 drives the chain wheel rotating shaft 91 and the chain wheel 9 to synchronously move leftwards, when the slide bearing 12 moves leftwards to the right, the limit sensor 113 on the left sends a signal to the reciprocating driving mechanism 15, and the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 pushes the slide bearing 12 rightwards again. The reciprocating operation is thus performed until the chain 3 is completely pulled out, and the driving motor 10 and the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 are turned off. In the whole process, the pulled part of the chain 3 is perpendicular to the toughened glass 110, so that the pulling speed and the matching with the chain wheel 9 can be prevented from being influenced by the inclination of the chain 3.

The reciprocating driving mechanism 15 can be a motor, a gear and a rack device, and can also be a piston device such as an oil cylinder and an air cylinder, and can realize automatic control.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the reciprocating drive mechanism 15 is a piston, a cylinder 151 of which is connected to the support plate 11, and a piston rod 152 of which is connected to the slider bearing 12.

In this embodiment, the reciprocating driving mechanism 15 adopts a piston, which is convenient for installation.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 10-11, a baffle 16 for preventing the chain 3 from falling off is provided on one side of the sprocket 9, the upper end of the baffle 16 is connected with the slider bearing 12, and the lower end of the baffle 16 is located below the sprocket 9. A channel 17 for the passage of the chain 3 is formed between the shutter 16 and the sprocket 9.

In this embodiment, the upper end of the baffle 16 is connected to the bottom of the outer race of the slider bearing 12, which can move synchronously with the slider bearing 12. The shutter 16 is on the side of the sprocket 9 that receives the chain 3, and in fig. 11 and 13, the shutter 16 is on the left side of the sprocket 9. The lower end of the baffle 16 is below the sprocket wheel 9, and the width of the baffle 16 is greater than the length of 3 chain pieces in the chain 3. A channel 17 is formed between the baffle 16 and the chain wheel 9, and the width of the channel 17 is slightly larger than the width of the chain 3, so that the chain 3 is meshed with at least one tooth of the chain wheel 9, and the chain 3 is prevented from falling off from the chain wheel 9

In one of the embodiments, as shown in fig. 10 and 12, a guide plate 161 for guiding the chain 3 to fall is mounted to a side of the lower end of the shutter 16 facing the sprocket 9. The guide plate 161 extends obliquely downward and forward from the lower end of the baffle 16. The chain 3 leaving the channel 17 automatically falls onto the guide plate 161 to slide forward and downward for retraction.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, a pressurizing mechanism 8 is mounted above the overburden 7 to simulate pressurizing the overburden 7. The pressurizing mechanism 8 may be an air bag, or a combination of an oil cylinder 81 and a pressing plate 82.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 13, the left and right sides of the chain 3 have analog lanes 4. When the coal seam 2 is constructed, two wooden boxes can be placed on two sides of a region to be mined of the coal seam, after the construction of each similar layer is completed, the wooden boxes can be pulled out, namely, a simulated roadway 4 is formed, and in the experiment, the change of the simulated roadway 4 can be observed so as to provide a corresponding supporting scheme for subsequent mining.

Referring to fig. 1-13, an embodiment of the present invention provides a simulation experiment method for similar exploitation of a coal seam, which adopts the simulation apparatus for similar exploitation of a coal seam according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.

s1: cameras are installed around the case 100, and photographing time intervals are preset.

S2: the chain 3 is pulled out from the chain exit 102 at a preset speed until the chain 3 is completely pulled out.

S3: and (3) arranging the photographed images of the camera to obtain the change rules of the bottom rock stratum 1, the water-resisting layer 5, the water-bearing layer 6 and the overlying rock stratum 7.

When the coal seam similar mining simulation device is adopted to simulate coal seam mining, cameras are installed around the box body 100, and photographing time intervals are preset. The chain 3 is then pulled out of the chain exit 102 at a preset speed, which is determined from the actual coal mining speed multiplied by the similarity ratio of the coal seam similarity mining simulation device, until the chain 3 is pulled out entirely. Then, the photographed images of the cameras are collated, and the image data are imported into a computer for drawing, so that the change rules of the bottom rock stratum 1, the water-resisting layer 5, the water-bearing layer 6 and the overlying rock stratum 7 are obtained.

Therefore, according to the experimental method for simulating coal seam similar mining, the mining of the coal seam is simulated through the chains 3, each section of chain segment 31 is pulled out, namely, a cutter of a coal cutter is simulated, the mining speed can be simulated only by controlling the speed of the pull chain 3, and the accuracy is high; the change conditions of the bottom rock stratum 1, the water-resisting layer 5, the water-bearing layer 6 and the overlying rock stratum 7 can be simulated; the chain 3 can be completely extracted, so that the collapse space of the overlying strata is not influenced, and the real goaf height can be simulated; the chain 3 with a mechanical structure is adopted, so that the cementing strength of the top and bottom plates of the model and surrounding rock is not affected, and the method is low in cost, convenient to operate and low in failure rate.

The above technical schemes can be combined according to the need to achieve the best technical effect.

What has been described above is merely illustrative of the principles and preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that several other variants are possible to those skilled in the art on the basis of the principle of the invention and should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The coal seam similar mining simulation device is characterized by comprising a box body, a bottom rock stratum paved on a bottom plate of the box body, a coal seam paved on the bottom rock stratum, a water-resisting layer paved on the coal seam, an aquifer paved on the water-resisting layer and an overburden layer paved on the aquifer;

the height of the chain is smaller than that of the chain outlet, the chain can be pulled out of the chain outlet to simulate coal seam excavation, each chain section is pulled out to simulate a coal cutter, and the speed of pulling the chain is controlled to simulate mining speed;

the front side of the box body is provided with a chain wheel for drawing the chain, the chain wheel is positioned at the front side of the chain outlet, a chain wheel rotating shaft of the chain wheel is parallel to the chain rotating shaft, and the chain wheel rotating shaft is arranged on the protection bracket positioned at the front side of the box body; a driving motor for driving the sprocket wheel rotating shaft to rotate is also arranged on the protection bracket positioned at the front side of the box body, and the output end of the driving motor is connected with the sprocket wheel rotating shaft; a supporting plate is arranged on the protection bracket at the front side of the box body, a supporting plate opening parallel to the chain outlet is formed in the supporting plate, a sliding block bearing capable of sliding along the supporting plate opening is arranged in the supporting plate opening, and the sprocket rotating shaft is matched with the sliding block bearing; the protective bracket at the front side of the box body is also provided with a bracket sliding rail parallel to the opening of the supporting plate, and the driving motor is in sliding connection with the bracket sliding rail;

and a reciprocating driving mechanism for driving the sliding block bearing to slide in a reciprocating manner is further arranged on the supporting plate, so that the chain wheel moves in a reciprocating manner and is synchronous with the drawing speed of the chain, and the extending part of the chain is always vertical to the toughened glass.

2. A coal seam analogue mining simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the reciprocating drive mechanism is a piston, a cylinder of the piston is connected with the support plate, and a piston rod of the piston is connected with the slider bearing.

3. The coal seam similar mining simulation device according to claim 1, wherein a baffle plate for preventing the chain from falling off is arranged on one side of the chain wheel, the upper end of the baffle plate is connected with the sliding block bearing, and the lower end of the baffle plate is positioned below the chain wheel;

4. A coal seam analogue mining simulation device according to claim 3, wherein a guide plate for guiding the chain to fall is mounted on a side of the lower end of the baffle plate facing the sprocket;

5. A coal seam analogue production simulation device according to any of claims 1-4, above which a pressurising mechanism is mounted.

6. A coal seam analogue mining simulation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the left and right sides of the chain have simulation roadways.

7. A simulation experiment method for coal seam similar exploitation, which is characterized in that the simulation device for coal seam similar exploitation is adopted in any one of claims 1-6;